[1998] UGCA 5

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Jessica chemeri}{\operator Wor. Jessica chemeri} {\creatim\yr2008\mo8\dy1\hr11\min48}{\revtim\yr2008\mo9\dy12\hr11\min8}{\version23}{\edmins59}{\nofpages5}{\nofwords1236}{\nofchars7049}{\nofcharsws8269}{\vern24689}} \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\hyphcaps0\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1800\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1\dgvshow1 \jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct \asianbrkrule\rsidroot12014697\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit \fet0{\*\ftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid12014697 \chftnsep \par }}{\*\ftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid12014697 \chftnsepc \par }}{\*\aftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid12014697 \chftnsep \par }}{\*\aftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid12014697 \chftnsepc \par }}\sectd \linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\footer \pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\pvpara\phmrg\posxr\posy0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12138116 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs17\insrsid12014697 PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\cs17\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid9136079 1}}}{\cs17\insrsid12014697 \par }\pard \s16\ql \li0\ri360\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin0\itap0\pararsid12014697 {\insrsid12014697 \par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1 \widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15625800 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid351635\charrsid351635 }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid13462661 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA}{ \insrsid12014697 \line }{\b\insrsid351635\charrsid351635 }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid13462661 IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF UGANDA}{\insrsid12014697 \line }{\insrsid351635 }{ \b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid13462661 AT KAMPALA}{\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid13462661 }{\insrsid12014697 \line }{\insrsid351635 }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid13462661 CIVIL APPEAL NO.46 OF 1997}{\insrsid12014697 }{\insrsid9136079

\par }{\insrsid12014697 \line }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 CORAM:}{\b\ul\insrsid3946468\charrsid3946468 }{\b\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 HON. MR. JUSTICE J. P. BERKO, J. A., \line }{\b\insrsid3946468\charrsid3946468 }{ \b\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 HON. MR. JUSTICE S. G. ENGWAU, J. A. & \line }{\b\insrsid3946468\charrsid3946468 }{\b\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 HON. MR. JUSTICE A. TWINOMUJUNI, }{\b\insrsid3946468\charrsid3946468 J. A}{ \b\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 . }{\b\insrsid9136079 \par }{\b\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 KIBUUKA}{\b\insrsid11482515 }{\b\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 MUSOKE WILLIAM & ANOTHER}{\b\insrsid3946468\charrsid3946468 \'85\'85\'85\'85\'85.}{\b\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 APPELLANTS \line }{ \b\insrsid3946468\charrsid3946468 }{\b\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 VERSUS}{\b\insrsid3946468\charrsid3946468 \par }{\b\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 \line DR. APPOLLO KAGGWA}{\b\insrsid3946468\charrsid3946468 \'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85.}{\b\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 RESPONDENT \line }{\b\insrsid3946468 }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 RULING OF THE COURT}{\f36\fs8\insrsid12014697 \line }{\insrsid12014697 The appeal is from the }{\insrsid3946468 judgment}{\insrsid12014697 , Decree and orders of the High Court given on the }{\f36\insrsid12014697\charrsid15022148 15th}{\f36\fs16\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 }{\insrsid12014697 January 1996 in a High C. C. S No. 714/1992.}{\insrsid3946468 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \f36\fs8\insrsid10487613 \hich\af36\dbch\af0\loch\f36 -\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15625800 { \insrsid10487613 }{\insrsid12014697 Dr. Apollo Kaggwa, (the respondent), had sued W. Kibuuka }{\f36\fs8\insrsid12014697 \emdash }{\insrsid12014697 Musoke and S. Muwemba (the appellants) in the High Court claiming general and special damages for the appellant\rquote s failure to repair, or restore the respondent\rquote s wate r pipes at Mawanga, Buziga. The complaint of the respondent was that the appellants disconnected his water pipes when they were constructing sewerage septic water tanks in the backyard of their compound where his water pipes passed. The claim was in respe ct of expenses incurred in repairing the water pipes and for getting alternative source of water until the repairs were completed. \line After trial, }{\insrsid15022148 judgment}{\insrsid12014697 was entered in }{\insrsid15022148 favor}{\insrsid12014697 of the respondent. The court awarded him Shs. 4.5million as general damages and Shs}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid1605503 . 1.5}{\b\i\insrsid12014697 }{\insrsid12014697 millions special damages and costs. Hence the appeal. }{ \b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid3946468 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15625800 {\f36\fs26\insrsid12014697 When the matter }{\insrsid12014697 came up for hearing, Learned Counsel for the respondent, Mr. James Matsiko, raised a preliminary objection that there was no appeal on the ground that the record of appeal did not contain the Decree extracted from the }{\insrsid1605503 Judgment}{ \insrsid12014697 appealed against. Reliance was placed on the case of }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid1605503 The Commissioner of Transport v The}{\ul\insrsid12014697 }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid1605503 Attorney General of Uganda and Anor }{ \b\i\fs26\insrsid12014697\charrsid1605503 (1959) }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid1605503 E. A. 329}{\ul\insrsid12014697 }{\insrsid12014697 and Rule 33 of the Court of Appeal Rules. Reliance on Rule 33 of the Court of Appeal }{\insrsid1605503 Rules}{ \insrsid12014697 was later abandoned when it was pointed out to Counsel that that rule applied to decisions of this court. He prayed that appeal be dismissed}{\insrsid1605503 .}{\insrsid12014697 \line Mr. }{\insrsid1605503 Bwanika}{\insrsid12014697 learned Counsel for the appellant, on the other hand, had contended that the preliminary objection was misconceived. He conceded that under former Court of Appeal for Africa Rules, 1972, the decree was one of the essential documents to be included in a record of appeal. But the law has been changed since the}{ \insrsid12014697\charrsid1605503 }{\f36\insrsid12014697\charrsid1605503 28th}{\b\f36\fs14\insrsid12014697 }{\insrsid12014697 day of October, 1996 when the Court of Appeal Rules Directions, 1996 came into force. \line We think there is no doubt that under the former Court of Appeal for East Africa Rules, 1972, appeal was incompetent until the decree was extracted. Under rule }{\i\fs26\insrsid12014697 85(l)(h) }{\insrsid12014697 of those rules a \'93decree }{ \ul\insrsid12014697 or order\'94 }{\insrsid12014697 was one of the documents which the law required to be included in the record of appeal. There are series of decisions relating to the necessity to extract a formal \'93decree }{\ul\insrsid12014697 or Order\'94 }{\insrsid12014697 before an appeal would lie. \line The relevant cases are }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid15625800 Ribeiro v Siquera e Facho [1936] AC 300; Mohammedbhai & Co. Ltd v Ghani }{\b\i\fs26\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid15625800 (1952) }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid15625800 19 E A C A 38; Mansion House Ltd. v Williamson (1954) 10 E }{\b\ul\insrsid1605503\charrsid15625800 A C A 98; Farrals Incorporated }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid15625800 v Official Receiver and Provisional Lighsdator (1959) E A. }{\b\i\fs26\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid15625800 5, }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid15625800 and N. A. S. Airport Services Ltd v Attorney General of Kenyata }{ \b\i\fs26\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid15625800 (1959) }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid15625800 E A}{\ul\insrsid12014697 . }{\b\ul\insrsid1605503\charrsid15625800 53}{\b\insrsid1605503\charrsid15625800 .}{\insrsid12014697 \line These decisions were under the Kenya Civil Procedure Ordinance. In the case of }{\insrsid1605503\charrsid1605503 t}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid1605503 he }{\b\ul\insrsid14961448\charrsid14961448 Commission of Transport VS}{ \b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid14961448 The Attorney General and Anor. }{\b\fs26\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid14961448 (1959}{\b\i\fs26\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid14961448 ) }{\b\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid14961448 E A, 329}{\ul\insrsid12014697 }{ \insrsid12014697 the Court said that the principle applies equally in Uganda under The Civil Procedure Ordinance}{\insrsid1605503 . (}{\insrsid12014697 Cap 6)}{\insrsid1605503 \par }{\insrsid12014697 \line Before the}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid1605503 }{\f36\insrsid12014697\charrsid1605503 28th}{\b\f36\fs18\insrsid12014697 }{\insrsid12014697 October, 1996 the position of the law, therefore, was that no appeal was competent until a formal decree or order embodying the decis ion complained of had come into existence. The matter was not merely procedural and that the defect could not be cured under Rule 72 of The Court of Appeal rules. That was the legal position when the Commissioner of Transport case was decided. \line Under Rule 82(1) of the Court of Appeal Rules, 1996, an appeal is instituted in this court by lodging in the Registry}{\insrsid1605503 \'85\'85}{\insrsid12014697 \line }{\b\f36\fs18\insrsid12014697 }{\insrsid12014697 (a) a memorandum of appeal; }{ \insrsid9136079 \par }{\insrsid12014697 (b) the record of the appeal; \line (c) the prescribed fee; and \line (d) Security for the costs of the appeal. \line Rule 86 se ts out a list of documents that are required to be included in the record of appeal. For the purpose of an appeal from the High Court in its original jurisdiction, the record of appeal shall contain copies of the following }{\insrsid6579556 documents: -}{ \f36\fs16\insrsid12014697 \line }{\insrsid12014697 86(1) (a) an index of all the documents in the record with the number of the pages at which they appear.}{\insrsid9136079 \par }{\insrsid15625800 }{\insrsid12014697 (b) a statement showing the address for service of the appellant and the address }{\insrsid10043857 for service furnished by the respondent\'85\'85 \par }{\insrsid12014697 (c) the pleadings; }{\insrsid10043857 \par }{\insrsid12014697 (d) the trial Judge\rquote s notes at the hearing;}{\insrsid10043857 \par }{\insrsid15625800 }{\insrsid12014697 (e) the transcript of any short-hand notes taken or any other notes recorded at the trial;}{\insrsid10043857 \par }{\insrsid15625800 }{\insrsid12014697 (f) the affidavits read and all documents put in evidence at the \line hearing or if those documents are not in the English Language, certified translations}{\insrsid10043857 \'85 \par }{\insrsid10632086 }{\insrsid12014697 (g) the }{\insrsid10043857 judgment}{\insrsid12014697 or reasoned order;}{\insrsid10043857 \par }{\insrsid10632086 }{\insrsid12014697 (h) the order, if any, giving leave to appeal;}{\insrsid10043857 \par }{\insrsid10632086 }{\insrsid12014697 (i) the Notice of appeal; and }{\insrsid10043857 \par }{\insrsid12014697 (j) any other documents, necessary for the proper determination of the appeal, including any interlocutory proceedings which may be directly relevant.}{\insrsid10043857 \par }{\insrsid12014697 \line 86(3) For the purpose of an appeal from the High Court in its appellate jurisdiction, the record of appeal shall contain documents relating to the proceedings in the trial court corresponding as nearly as may be to those set out in sub-rule (1) and shall contain also the following documents relating to the appeal}{\insrsid10043857 to the first appellate court.}{\insrsid12014697 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \insrsid10043857 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \s15\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15625800 { \insrsid10043857 the order, if any ,giving leave to appeal; \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \insrsid10043857 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}the memorandum of appeal; \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \insrsid10043857 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}the record of proceedings; \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \insrsid10043857 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}the judgment or order; \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \insrsid10043857 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}the notice of appeal; \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s15 \insrsid6100519 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (f)\tab}}{\insrsid6100519 in case of a third appeal to the court, the corresponding documents in relation to the second appeal to the high court and the certificate of the high court that a point of law of general public importance is involved \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15625800 {\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 It is cl ear from the above provisions that the extraction of a formal decree embodying the decision complained of is no longer a legal requirement in the institution of an appeal. An appeal by its very nature is against the }{\insrsid5598972\charrsid3303158 judgment}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 or a reasoned order and not the decree extracted from the }{\insrsid5598972\charrsid3303158 judgment}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 or the reasoned order. The extraction of a decree was therefore a mere technicality which the old municipal law put in the way of intending appellants and which at times prevented them from having their cases heard on me rits. Such a law cannot co-exist in the context of the provisions of the 1995 Constitution Art 126 (2) (e) where the courts are enjoined to administer \'93Substantive justice without undue regard to technicalities.\'94}{\insrsid5598972 \par }{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 \line Kenya had similar law but they amended their Civil Procedure Ordinance as far back as 1935 by the addition of the following proviso to the definition of a \'93decree\'94. \'93Provided that for t}{\insrsid5598972 he purposes of appeal the word \'93decree\'94}{\insrsid5598972\charrsid3303158 shall}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 include }{\insrsid5598972\charrsid3303158 judgment}{\insrsid5598972 and a judgment shall be appeal}{\insrsid5598972\charrsid3303158 able}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 notwithstanding the fact that a formal decree in pursuance of such }{\insrsid5598972\charrsid3303158 judgment}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 may not have been drawn up or may not be capable of being drawn up\'94 . This amendment did away with necessity of extracting \line a formal decree before an appeal would lie. \line The only instance where a decree forms part of the record of appeal is specifi}{\insrsid5598972 cally provided for in sub-rule (}{ \insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 10) of Rule 86 of Court of Appeal Rules which provides:}{\insrsid15550013 \line \'9386(10) }{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 The decree shall }{\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 only }{ \insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 form part of the record of appeal, where the date of any }{\insrsid15550013 }{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 decree is disputed, or the terms of the decree are disputed as being at variance with the }{ \insrsid5598972\charrsid3303158 judgment}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 upon which the decree is drawn, or where the terms of the decree form a ground of appeal, unless the court otherwise directs\'94. }{\insrsid9136079 \par }{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 The appeal in this case is not disputing the date of the decree. It is not saying that the terms of the decree are at variance with the }{\insrsid552676\charrsid3303158 judgment}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 upon which the decree was drawn. The terms of the decree do not form a ground of appeal. The decree therefore cannot form part of the record of appeal. \line In our v iew the instant appeal is in conformity with the requirement of the law. The preliminary }{\insrsid552676\charrsid3303158 objection}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 has no merit and it is accordingly rejected with costs in }{ \insrsid552676\charrsid3303158 favor}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 of the appellants}{\insrsid552676 . }{\f36\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 \line }{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 Dated at Kampala this}{\insrsid552676 23}{ \super\insrsid552676\charrsid552676 rd}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 day of}{\insrsid552676 March}{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 1998.}{\insrsid16465581 \par }{\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 }{\b\ul\insrsid16465581\charrsid16465581 J. P. BERKO}{\b\ul\insrsid4459103 \par }{\b\insrsid12014697\charrsid16465581 J}{\b\insrsid16465581\charrsid16465581 USTI}{\b\insrsid12014697\charrsid16465581 CE OF APPEAL.}{\b\ul\insrsid16465581\charrsid4459103 \par }{\insrsid8092551 }{\b\ul\insrsid16465581\charrsid16465581 S.}{\b\ul\insrsid16465581\charrsid2883708 G. ENGWAU}{\ul\insrsid12014697\charrsid16465581 }{\insrsid12014697\charrsid16465581 \line }{\b\insrsid12014697\charrsid2883708 JUSTICE OF A}{ \b\insrsid2883708 PPEAL}{\b\insrsid12014697 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15625800 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2883708\charrsid4459103 A. TWINOMUJUNI}{\b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12014697\charrsid2883708 \line }{\b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2883708\charrsid2883708 JUSTICE OF APPEAL}{\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12014697\charrsid3303158 \line }{ \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid12014697 \line }{\insrsid10825639 \par }}