[2003] UGHC 44

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)}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \s15\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5769083 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af36\hich\af36\dbch\af36\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 { \b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 THE}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 }{\b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \line IN }{ \f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 THE }{\b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 KAMPALA \line }{ \b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 CIVIL SUIT NO. 879 OF 1995 \line }{\b\f0\insrsid15604200\charrsid1917821 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15604200 {\f0\insrsid5769083\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 PAUL McCU}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 E }{\f0\insrsid5769083\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::PLAINTIFF}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \line }{ \f0\insrsid15604200\charrsid1917821 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5769083 {\b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 VERSUS }{\b\f0\insrsid15604200\charrsid1917821

\par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15604200 {\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 THE REGISTERED TRUSTEES OF }{ \f0\insrsid15604200\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 LINCOLN INTERNATIONAL}{\b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ) \line }{\f0\insrsid15604200\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 SCHOOL}{ \b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 )::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::}{\f0\insrsid15604200\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 :::::::::::::: }{\f0\insrsid15604200\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 DE}{\f0\insrsid15604200\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 FENDANT}{\b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 \line }{ \b\f0\insrsid15604200\charrsid1917821 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5769083 {\b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 BEFORE: }{\b\f0\ul\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 HON. JUSTICE J. P. M. TABARO. \line JUDGMENT: }{\b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \line }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Paul McCue the plaintiff is a national of the United States of America}{ \f0\insrsid6560914\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 . In 1989 he came to }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Uganda at the request of Lincoln International School and was offered a job as a class teache \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 r. He is by profession a teacher, and holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Education as well as a Master of Education in the same field. He no longer stays in Uganda, and it would appear he departed from Uganda some time back. The first contract of service \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 w\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ith the defendant, The Registered Trustees of Lincoln International School seems to have been performed by either party without any disagreement. The contract, dated 28th June, 1970 indicates that the plaintiff undertook to work as Art/Drama Teacher as we \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 l\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 l as assistant principal of the school. It is not in dispute that the contract was renewed to run }{\f0\insrsid6560914\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 199}{ \f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 1/2}{\i\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 and 1992/3 periods at the agreed salary of Us dollars 19,428 and \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 24,576}{\i\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Us dollars respectively after an increment in favour of the plaintiff was effec\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ted. With effect from 25th June, 1993 the post of Principal of the school fell vacant when the su}{\f0\insrsid6560914\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 bstantive holder o ft he post Ms Margaret Bell was t}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 erminated as an employee of}{\f0\insrsid6560914\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 t}{ \f0\insrsid1903296\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 he defendant }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 school. It is the case for }{\f0\insrsid1903296\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Mr.}{ \f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Paul McCue the plaintiff that he w\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 as orally appointed to serve as Acting Principal as from 28th June, 1990 until 21st August, 1993 but the defendant omitted or failed to remunerate him for the services rendered. He claims before this court (a) the sum of US $ 3000 (three thousand US dolla \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 r\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 s) being the \line }{\f0\insrsid16082014\charrsid1917821 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid16082014 {\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 difference between the plaintiffs salary as an ordinary teacher and his salary as Acting Principal from the date he was asked to so act until the date of termination of his services, including the unpaid balance of his salary for the period \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ending 21st August, 1993 \line (b) the sum Us $ 1700 (one thousand seven hundred United States dollars) representing one way fare to New York, USA from Uganda. \line (c) US $ 600 (six hundred United States dollars) for a summer course which he alleges was available\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 to him for attending a course abroad in summer. \line (d) general damages for breach of contract. \line The defendant school denies liability in total and contends that Mr McCue declined the offer to work as Acting Principal of the school and he cannot therefore cl\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 a\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 im remuneration for the period in question. In connection with the claim for an allowance for the summer course it is the case for the defendant that such an allowance is paid every two years and not annually. The }{\f0\insrsid16082014\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 plaintiff\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 claims for an air ticket to Ne\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 w York, USA and general damages are also denied and contracted by the defendant. \line Mr. Mc Cue was the sole witness examined in chief by his counsel Mr Serwanga. There are various documents tendered in evidence by either side in the case. According to Paul \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 M\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 cCue on 26th June, 1993 the chairman of the Board of Directors in the presence of staff members asked him whether he could work as chairman or Acting Principal of the school when the incumbent as intimated previously, Ms Margaret Bell, was terminated. He \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 (\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 PWI) further stated that he was offered the same terms that as those enjoyed by the outgoing Principal. It is not in dispute that the offer, if any, was not reduced into writing but remained oral. At that juncture Mr. McCue appears to have left Uganda. On \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 returning to Uganda he found that the written proposal offered to him was different from what had been offered to him orally. Consequently he rejected the written proposal and left Uganda. \line }{ \f0\insrsid16082014\charrsid1917821 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid4872235 {\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 The evidence for the Registered Trustees of the school in questio\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 n comprises chiefly of the oral testimony of Ms Christine McConnell (DWI) who was co-ordinator for the school in 1993. She testified that when Ms Bell\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s contract was terminated the Plaintiff as Assistant Principal was requested to assume the position of A\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 c\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ting Principal but he (plaintiff) never took up the appointment because he was travelling to Spain the following day. As a result Ms }{\f0\insrsid1917821\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Wyrine,}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 who did not testify on this matter, was asked to ass}{\f0\insrsid16082014\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ume the position, of A}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 cting Principal. According to her (DWI) th\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 e minutes at the Board meeting at which the decision to appoint the Acting Principal were not signed. She asserted that for a year and some days there was no Principal and the School \hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s administration was run by the Business Manager Mr. Birger, and the adm\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 i\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 nistrative assistant by the name of Molly Marjorie. \line On 23-8-1993 she (DWI) became the Ag. Principal of the school. DWI }{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 McConnell}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 alleged that by October, 1993 Paul McCue was}{ \f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 at Kabira International School}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 , in Kampala and that as a matter of fact when the Kabaka of Buganda opened the school that is, Kabira International }{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 School}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 , Mr McCue was the Master of ceremony. She asserted that 600 Us dollars was available for an approved course, every two years. She (D\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 WI) further alleged that when Paul McCue asked for 600 dollars for a course there were no documents to support the claim and so the money was not paid to him. \line }{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \par }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Before evaluating the evidence and applying the law as I understand it, to}{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 the facts it is pert\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 inent to point out that hearing of evidence commenced b}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 efore K ANIA J. who has since translated to Gu}{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 lu Circuit. Under 0.16 r.l0}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 CPR it is within the discretion of the succeeding judge to continue with the trial from the stage at which the predecessor left\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 it. In view of the fact that the suit was filed in 1996 I decided against hearing the cause de novo, so as to save time. \line }{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \par }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 After perusal of the evidence on record as well as the submissions made by counsel for the parties, it appears to me the issues in t\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 his case are as follows: \line }{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li2160\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2160\itap0\pararsid4872235 {\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 (1) }{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \tab }{\f0\insrsid1917821\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Whether}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 there was a binding contract between the plaintiff and the Registered Trustees of Lincoln International School. \line }{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \par }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 (2) }{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \tab }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 If so, whether the defendant breached the contract \line }{ \f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \par }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 (3) }{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \tab }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Whether the defendant is entitled to th\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 e d}{ \f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 amages claimed in the prayers. \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4872235 {\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 As is well known generally where an offer has been definitely made and accepted unequivocally then a binding contract is constituted between the offer or and the acceptor \line \hich\f0 \emdash \loch\f0 }{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 see for instance the case of }{\b\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 K.}{\b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 TARMOHAMED V \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 LAKH \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ANI (1958) EA. 567 at}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 }{\b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 page \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 577}{ \f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 , not withstanding that a formal contract is not written. There are contracts which require formalities to be followed but it is not the position in the present case. In the present case there is no doubt that }{\f0\insrsid1917821\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Mr.}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 McCue, was gi\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ven an offer to work as Acting Principal of the school in question. Whether or not he accepted the offer must be ascertained from his reaction to the offer. In his evidence the plaintiff stated on the question of acceptance in examination in chief;}{ \f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \par \loch\af0\dbch\af36\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 I }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 acce\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 pted the offer, and was assured that I would be on the same salary scale on \line which the previous principal was. This agreement was never converted into writing but on my return I was given a written proposal with different terms from the offer. In this new\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 offer I was given a pay rise of }{\i\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 15%. }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 I rejected the}{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 contract. I informed the chairm}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 an of the Board who promised he would talk to her (Business Manager) but he didn\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 t. \line }{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821

\par }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 \hich\f0 I packed my things and left\'94\loch\f0 . \line }{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5769083 {\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 In my humble view of the situation the plain measuring \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 of }{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 these pieces}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 of evidence quoted above is that the plaintiff was dissatisfied with alteration of the o}{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ffer and he therefore d}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ecided not } {\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 t o work as Acting Principal. Since the o}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ffer was not accepted there was no binding contract between the }{ \f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 parties befor\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 e this court. The }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 defendant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s evidence on the matter clinches the question against the plaintiff. Ms Christine Mc Connell (PWI) on this point stated:}{\f0\insrsid4872235\charrsid1917821 \par }{\f0\insrsid1917821 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1917821 {\f0\insrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 The }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Board planned to recruit a new Principal}{\f0\insrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 (after Ms Bell\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s contract was }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 terminated) but in the meanti\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 me someone was required to work as Acting Principal. A meeting was held and Mr. McCue as Assistant Principal was asked on 26-5-1993, I think to act as Principal, but Mr. McCue stated that he was travelling to Spain the following day and so he never acted \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 a\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 \hich\f0 s Principal\'94\loch\f0 . \line }{\f0\insrsid1917821 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1917821 {\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Answering the first issue, in view of the evidence from both parties to the effect that the offer to act as Principal was rejected by the plaintiff, and consequently he left Uganda, I am impelled to answer that there was no binding contract \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 between the parties. It follows therefore that no contract was ever breached and no general damages can accrue to the plaintiff. These two findings, on offer and acceptance as well as breach of contract dispose of the first two issues. The only items that \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 court must next deal with are in connection with the allowance for the summer course and the availability of an air ticket for the flight back to New York, USA. \line }{\f0\insrsid1917821 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5769083 {\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 The plaintiff did not produce any document to establish that he did attend a summer course to \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 entitle him to payment of US $ 600 (six hundred United States dollars). If he did attend such a course in Spain or some other country it was easy for him }{\f0\insrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 to furnish evidence for such an undertaking, in the form o}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 f}{\f0\insrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 receipts or other d}{ \f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ocument from the inst\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 itution if any, that offered the course. This he did not do.}{\f0\insrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 It must be pointed out that }{ \f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 the burden of proof to establish the claims on a balance of probabilities is on the plaintiff. In absence of supporting evidence the plaintiff\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s claim for summer c \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ourse attendance shall be discounted as being unproven. \line }{\f0\insrsid1917821 \par }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 The evidence regarding US $ 1700 for the air ticket to USA is more contentious. Since he had been recruited from abroad it is not unusual to expect the school authorities to provide him with an air t\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 icket for the return journey home. The evidence available from t}{\f0\insrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 he defendant, given by Ms \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 McConne}{\f0\insrsid1917821\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ll}{ \f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 (DWI) indicates that }{\f0\insrsid1917821\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Mr.}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 McCue shortly after leaving Lincoln International }{\f0\insrsid1917821\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 School}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 joined Kabira International }{\f0\insrsid1917821\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 School}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 . Of course it is possible that he did so\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 after returning from USA. However, the memorandum from the school\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s. Business manager, Exhibit D6 indicates that in the year 1992/93 he was paid US $ 1000 for the journey to USA because }{\f0\insrsid1917821\charrsid1917821 \loch\af0\dbch\af36\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 he}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 did not return to point of hire, in September, 1993. There is no\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 evidence to show that an air ticket to USA cost more than this amount (of US $ 1000) and needless to emphasise since the plaintiff was leaving the employ of the defendant, the latter was not obliged to avail a return ticket to the plaintiff. The claim fo \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 r\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 travel shall also be rejected for lack of proof as well. \line }{\f0\insrsid1917821 \par }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 The net result is that the plaintiff has been unable to prove his claims against the defendant. The suit shall therefore be dismissed with costs. \line }{\i\f0\insrsid1917821 \par }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 J. P. M. Tabaro. \line }{\b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 JUDGE \line }{\b\f0\ul\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 5-9-2003 }{ \b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \line }{\f0\insrsid1917821 \par }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 5-9-2003 }{\f0\insrsid1917821 \tab }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Pa\hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 rties are not present }{\f0\insrsid1917821 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li1440\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1917821 {\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Ms S. Kibenge for plaintiff \line \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Mr E Tuma for defendant. \line }{\f0\insrsid1917821 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1917821 {\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Judgement delivered. \line }{\f0\insrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 J. P. M.}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 Tab}{\f0\insrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 a}{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 ro \line }{ \b\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 JUDGE \line }{\f0\ul\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \hich\af0\dbch\af36\loch\f0 5-9-2003. }{\f0\insrsid13065605\charrsid1917821 \par }{\f0\insrsid2055260\charrsid1917821 \par }}