[1993] UGHC 5

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\rsid78214\rsid1388820\rsid2445186\rsid6966611\rsid9461076\rsid9662794\rsid15817199}{\mmathPr\mmathFont34\mbrkBin0\mbrkBinSub0\msmallFrac0\mdispDef1\mlMargin0\mrMargin0\mdefJc1\mwrapIndent1440\mintLim0\mnaryLim1}{\info {\title THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA }{\author DELL}{\operator jessica}{\creatim\yr2009\mo10\dy28\hr10\min24}{\revtim\yr2010\mo1\dy20\hr4\min35}{\version4}{\edmins81}{\nofpages9}{\nofwords3138}{\nofchars14953}{\nofcharsws18055}{\vern32859}} {\*\xmlnstbl {\xmlns1 http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2003/wordml}}\paperw12240\paperh15840\margl1440\margr1440\margt1440\margb1440\gutter0\ltrsect \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\trackmoves1\trackformatting1\donotembedsysfont0\relyonvml0\donotembedlingdata1\grfdocevents0\validatexml0\showplaceholdtext0\ignoremixedcontent0\saveinvalidxml0\showxmlerrors0\noxlattoyen \expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\hyphcaps0\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1440\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1\dgvshow1 \jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct \asianbrkrule\rsidroot6966611\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit \fet0{\*\wgrffmtfilter 2450}\ilfomacatclnup0\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2 \pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1388820 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \line IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT KAMPALA. \line CIVIL APPEAL NO.24 OF 1986 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \line MUSULAYIMU MUSOKE : : : : : : : : : : : APPELLANT \par VERSUS \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1388820 PJYINENTO}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1388820\charrsid1388820 S. K. NULUMBA:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 ::::::::;:::;:::::::::::: RESPONDENT \line }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Before: The Honorable Mrs. Justice M. Kireju \line J U D GM E N E N T. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid9662794\charrsid1388820 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1388820 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \line This is a second appeal in a land (Kibanja) dispute in which the trial magistrate Grade II at Lugazi gave judgment on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1388820\charrsid1388820 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 the pre} {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 sent respondent who was the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 plaintiff 8/1/1986 in favour.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 On first appeal the trial magistrate\rquote s judgment was upheld by tile Chief Magistrate at Mukono on 5/9/1986. Leave to appeal to this court was given by the Chief Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 on 16/9/1986 under section.232 (1) (c) of the Magistrate\rquote s Courts Act 1970. On 7/4/87, the appellant applied to this court an}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 was granted a stay of execution pending the hearing of this appeal. The appellant \rquote s application to adduce additional evidence was dismissed on 29/1/1992. The appellant/defendant in this appeal w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 as represented by Mr. Kaala of M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 /s Kaala & Co. Advocates who also represent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 ed him in the lower courts. \par The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 respondent/plaintiff was represented }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1388820 in this appeal by Mr. Buule of M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 /s Katende and Ssempebwa Advocates, the respondent was not represented in the lower courts. \par \line The brief background to this appeal is that the respondent/ plaintiff, Mulumba sued the appellant/defendant in Magistrate Grade II court for trespass on his Kibanja by the appellant. The plaintiff was alleged to ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 ve bought the Kibanja from Iga }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 who was the heir to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid2445186 late}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Paulo Matovu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 the original owner. \par \line The defence case was that the Kibanja belonged to Nambalirwa who was allegedly a daughter of late Paulo Matovu\rquote , and the defendant was just looking after the K}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 ibanja on behalf of Nambalirwa.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Nambalirwa is supposed to have acquired the Kibanja after the death of her mother . The magistrate grade II court found that Nambalirwa was not a daughter of late Matovu, as he had died childless and that the Ki banja belonged o tie plaintiff / respondent who bought it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 from the heir of Paulo Matovu, one Iga. As already stated the defendant appealed to the Chief Magistrate who also found in favour of the plaintiff/respondent. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 Hence this appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 by the appellant/defendant to this court. \par \line Counsel for the appellant argued the first two grounds of appeal together namely that; \emdash \line (i) The learned chief magistrate misdirected himself in law and fact when he fa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 iled to consider seriously the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 injustice which was occasioned t o the appellant by the lower court when the case had been adjourned for the opinion of the assessors mysteriously the trial magistrate decided to visit the locus in quo in the absence of the defence counsel. This irregularity in procedure amounted in law and fact to a greatly miscarriage of justice. \par \line (2) The learned chief magistrate misdirected himself when he held that there w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 as abundant evidence on record }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 adduced at the locus in quo, when}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 a number of elders gave evidence to the effect that DM2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 (Nambalirwa ) was not a daughter of the late Paulo Matovu, whereas the visit of the court below, and the presence of such elders was irregular sad a great miscarriage of justice to the appellant\rquote s case, whereas at the trial, the paternity of Nambalirwa DW2 stood unshaken. \par \line Counsel for the appellant argued that when the respondent/ plaintiff and the appellant /defendant had closed their cases, the case was adjourned to 18/9/85 for the opinion of the assessors. Counsel alleged that he requested the trial magistrate to a bsent when the assessors were giving their opinion and also to be absent on the date of judgment. However, when I perused the court record I did not find any application by counsel to be excused from attending court or any response by the magistrate.

\par \line Counsel further stated that on 18/9/85 when the case came up for the opinion of the assessor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 s a, the plaintiff/ respondent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 prayed to court that trail court visits the locus in quo }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 before delivering judgment. The defendant/appellant who was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 present concur}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 red to the plaintiff\rquote s prayer. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 As one of the assessors was not present the visit was fixed for 25/9/85 at 3.30 p.m. and it did take place before both parties on that day. Counsel argues that it was wrong for the court to visit the locus in quo after the case ha d been closed and that it occa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 sioned miscarriage of justice. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Counsel referred court to the following case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 De}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid2445186 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 souza }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid2445186 vs.}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid2445186 Uganda (1967)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Z1i }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid2445186 Yeseri}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Wajbi vs. Edjsa Lusj Byandala 1982 HCB 28 JarilCa iiiirjbi vs. Lovinsa Nankya HCB }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid2445186 [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid2445186 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid2445186 998}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid2445186 ]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 81 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 in support of his submission. Counsel submitted. That that the magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 wanted to fill in the gaps so }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 witnesses can testify that Nambalirwa was not a daughter of Matovu and she was not of Ngabi clan, that Matovu died childless and Iga succeeded Matovu. Counsel argued that the Chief magistrate blundered whe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 n he decided that the visit of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 locus in quo was irregular but did not occasion }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid2445186 any}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 miscarriage of justice. Counsel stressed that the evidence adduced at the locus in quo caused injustice to his client and on this point alone the appeal should succeed. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Counsel for the respondent submitted on these two grounds that the visiting of the locus in quo after the case had seen closed did not amount to a miscarriage of justice. He submitted that the court was moved by consent of both parties while at the locus in quo the court called witnesses, who testified on the two main issues, namely the Ownership of the Kibanja, and whether Nambalirwa was a daughter of the deceased Matovu. The 3 witnesses testified that the Kibanja belonged to l ate Matovu and that Nambalirwa was not a daughter of Matovu. Counsel submitted that the court rightly called evidence under rule 23(3) of the Civil Procedures Rules for courts presided Over by magistrates\rquote grade 1 and III. Referring to the authorities cited by counsel for the appellant, counsel submitted that they were distinguishable from the present case as the visit of the locus in quo in this Case did not amount to any miscarriage of justice. \par \line On the second ground of appeal counsel for the respondent that submitted that the Chief Magistrate did}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 rely on the evidence from the witnesses at the locus in quo alone but relied mainly an the evidence of the 3 witnesses at the trial who testified that Nambalirwa was not a daughter of Paulo Matovu, That this evidence was overwhelming and the Magistrate }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 could not have found otherwise }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Rule 23(3) of Schedule 3 to the magistrates Courts act which the trial magistrate relied on test the evidence at t} {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 he locus in quo is as follows;-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1388820 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \'93 The court may at any time put questions to either party or to any witness and may in its discretion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 call such additional evidence as it considers necessary\'94 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1388820 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \line What should be noted here is that, the visit to locus in quo was initiated by the plaintiff and was supported by the defendant. It w as not the court which wanted to visit the locus in quo. The issue now is whether the visit t the locus in quo was properly done according to the law or whether there was any miscarriage of justic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 e as claimed by the appellant. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2445186 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 The court record, the locus in quo}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 visited by the Magistrate Grade II, the 2 assessors and both parties. There were also elders from the locality and the magistrate decided to call then to testify so that they could clarify the matters at issue. The three witnesses all above 60 y ears of age were individually sworn and they testified, both parties were given on opportunity to cross examine the witnesses, but no questions were put. All the 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186\charrsid1388820 witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 at the locus in quo testified that Iga was the, heir of Paulo Matovu, and Matovu died childless, Nambalirwa }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 was not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 a daughter of Matovu as Seforoza Kigongo (the mother of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 Nambalirwa)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 came to live with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 matovu when}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 she already had Nambalirwa. That Nambalirwa belonged to Ngabi }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 clan. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 After the visi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 t of locus in quo the appellant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 /defendant was given a chance under S.98 of the magistrates Courts Act 1970 to recall Nam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 balirwa so that she could be re-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 examined. The appellant informed court after one adjournment that he was unable to trace Nambalirwa. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 The court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 therefore decided to deliver judgment without}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 hearing from Nambalirwa. Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Kaala counsel for the appellant did not appear at all at these adjourned hearings and also on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 Day of Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 on \line 3/1/1986 he was not present. When the parties agreed to visit the locus in quo they did not visit until 7 days }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186\charrsid1388820 later}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 which was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 ample time for the appellant to alert his advocate to be present if he needed him. During the hearing when counsel for the appellant did not appear at all in court, the appellant never asked court for an adjournment to allow him call his counsel. I am of the view that the trial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 not occasion any miscarriage of justice when he visited the locus in quo in the absence of counsel for the defendant, as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 he did}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 not know why counsel for the appellant was absent, an d the case was fixed for the last time the case was fixed for the opinion of the assessors counsel was present and he did not indicate to court that he intended to absent himself. It is the responsibility of counsel to make sure that he attends court on b ehalf of his client throughout the proceedings as he cannot predict what is going to happen. The trial magistrate correctly exercised his powers under Rule }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid2445186 23(3)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 which allows court to call such additional evidences }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid2445186 it}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 considers necessary. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1388820 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \line Counsel }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186\charrsid1388820 for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 the appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 referred court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 several authorities}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 I have had the opportunity to study the cases specifically that of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Do Souza }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid2445186 vs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid2445186\charrsid1388820 Uganda,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 I am of the considered opinion that the case can be distinguished from the present case besides }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 being a criminal case, it was a magistrate in that case who wanted to visit the locus in quo in order to fill in the gaps in evidence unlike in this case where the parties moved court to visit the locus in quo. The trial magistrate in this case visited the locus in quo in or d er to confirm the evidence already given by the witnesses and this is legally acceptable. The magistrate visited the locus in quo before the assessors gave their opinion unlike in the cited case. The procedure followed by the trial magistrate when he visi ted the locus in quo was properly done unlike in the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Byandala an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid2445186 d James Nsibambi vs. Lovinsa Nan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 kya }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 cited above. It is also important to note that the evidence relied on by the Chief Magistrate when he made }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 his judgment was not only that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 taken at the locus in quo as indicated in the second ground of appeal but that on the whole record, In conclusion I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186\charrsid1388820 have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 found that the chief magistrate properly directed himself on the issue of the locus in quo. There was no miscarriage of justice as the visit was properly conducted. Grounds 1 and 2 of t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 he appeal must therefore fail. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 The 3rd ground of appeal was that the learned chief magistrate misdirected himself in law and fact, when ho held that Nambalirwa DW2 was not a daughter of the deceased Paulo Matovu an the ground that the name Nambalirwa i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 ndicates that she was of a Mamb}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 a clan where as Matovu the deceased was of \lquote Ngabi\rquote basing his conclusion on the strength of the evidence adduced. the locus in quo, he there proceeded for the unwarranted revocation of the granted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Letters of administration of the Estate of her late mother sefoloza Kigongo and not that of Paulo Matovu.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 I shall first deal with the letters of administration allegedly granted to Nambalirwa to administer the estate of late Matovu. In her testimony page 12 of the proceedings Narnbalirwa DW 2 testified \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1388820 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \line \rquote \'94 The defendant is taking care of my Kibanja and the disputed Kibanja is my pro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 perty. I succeeded the Kibanja }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 after the late my mother and even granted letters of administration under administration Cause No.14 of 1984\'94. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1388820 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 From}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid2445186 above}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 evidence, it would appear that the letters of administration were granted to Nambalirwa in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid2445186 respect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 of her late mother\rquote s estate. The purported revocation of the letters of administration by the Chief Magistrate in respect of late Matovu estate was therefore }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 erroneous}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 and of no effect as the letters which were to be revoked did not exist. The first part of this ground of appeal focuses on the custom whether the name Nambalirwa indicates that she was of mamba clan. Whe n I perused the judgment of the Chief Magistrate I found that he did not base his revocation of the letters of administration on the fact that Nambalirwa was of Mamba clan and Matovu was of Ngabi clan. From his judgment it is clear that he based his findi ng on the evidence which was on record namely that lot Matovu had died childless end therefore Nambalirwa was not his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid2445186 daughter}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 and could not inherit his propert}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 y. The testimony of PW1 and PW2 and PW3 refer. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 It is not true as alleged by counsel for the appellant t that the chief magistrate based his decision on the custom but he based his decision on the evidence on record and came to a correct }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 conclusion my opinion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 that Matovu had died childless.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 The fourth ground of appeal was that the learned chief Magis trate misdirected himself in law and fact when he failed to direct his mind seriously }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid2445186 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 if the said Paulo Matovu died intestate as he so held, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 then ipso facto Emmanuel Iga PW}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 1 by failing to either obtain letters of Administration to the estate of P aulo Matovu or being installed as customary heir to the late Matovu, had no power/authority in law, neither under customary law to dispose and pass a good title in the Kibanja to the purchaser (the respondent) which suit property was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid2445186 neither}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 acquired by Iga or under the succession as customary heir or otherwise. Counsel for t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 he appellant argued that since }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 chief Magistrate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 found that the late Matovu died }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 intestate. Iga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 had no authority to sell Ma}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 tovu Kibanja in dispute as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186\charrsid1388820 he was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 never installed as a customary}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 heir and he did not apply for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 letters of administration. Counsel referred court to the case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Re Sulemani Serwanga Salongo deceased administration Cause No. 143 of /1971/ULR /1972/ }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 122 where the then Chief Justice Benedicto Kiwanuka held that in Kiganda custom Om}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2445186 usika is a principal successor }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 to the deceased and he is installed at a well arranged ceremony. Counsel submitted that since Iga was not properly installed under the custom he was not an heir to Matovu and he could not acquire a title and could not pass on a good title. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \line Counsel for the respondent submitted that as an heir, Iga had power to dis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 pose of the customary holding. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 That Iga PW.2 had testified that he had performed the last funeral rites of Paulo Matovu and ins}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 talled himself as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 was recognized by the witnesses as the heir. Counsel submitted that the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid9461076 Suleim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 an Serwanga Salon}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid9461076 g}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 o }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9461076 cited}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 by counsel for the appellant was not an authority on the installation of a customary heir under Kiganda custom that what }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 said by the Chief Justice in that case was obiter.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9461076 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \par Counsel supported the finding of the lower courts that Iga was the heir of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 the late}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Matovu with powers }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 dispose }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 his property. I w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 ould }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9461076\charrsid1388820 like}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 to first mention that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 was unfortunate for the trial magistrate not to have joined DW2 Nambawalira as a second defendant. The defendant\rquote s counsel did not also find it necessary to apply to court to have her joined as a defendant, since it was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 really her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Kibanja which was in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 dispute,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 would have}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 defended }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 interest better as a party to the suit rather than just as a witness. I agree with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 finding by}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 the Chief}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 magistrate t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 hat late Matovu died intestate }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 as there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 was no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 valid will proved before court. The main argument of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 counsel for the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 appellant is that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 Iga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 who claims to be heir }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 to late}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Matovu was not properly installed according to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 Kiganda custom}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9461076\charrsid1388820 However}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 , on record there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid9461076 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 no evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 led}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 by the appellant in the lower court as to how a heir should be installed in Kiganda custom. The case cited of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Sule}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid9461076 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 man }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 Serwanga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid9461076 Salon }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 go }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 described the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 meaning of the word}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid9461076 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9461076 \lquote Om}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 usika\rquote in kiganda custom, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 Chief Justice said \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1388820 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 \'93 Omusika means the principal successor to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 the deceased. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi720\li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1388820 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 He }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 is installed at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid9461076 a well arranged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 ceremony \'85\'94 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1388820 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 ceremony was not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 described; I therefore find that this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 case cannot assist us as to how a heir }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 installed in Kiganda custom. Turning to the present case it appears that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 most witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 who testified recognized Iga as the heir to late }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 Matovu. O}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 n the strength of the evidence on record and in the absence}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 of any evidence to dispute the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 installation of Iga as heir to late Matovu. Iga as the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9461076 heir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9461076 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 a right under the customary law to dispose of Matovu\rquote s property. The courts below having found that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 Nambalirwa }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid9461076 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 not a daughter o late Matovu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 they could not say that his property belonged to her when}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 they were not related at all. }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 I agree }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 that Iga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 as heir had a right }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 to dispose}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 matovu\rquote s property and the respondent, Mulumba acquired a good }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid9461076 title.}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \par \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Counsel for the appellant also submitted that the trial magistrate on page 4, 2nd last paragraph }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 misdirected himself}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 when he said that the letters of administration }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9461076\charrsid1388820 granted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 to Nambalirwa in administration Cause No. 10/1984 in reset of Seforosa Kigongo\rquote s est ate was only in respect of personal property. I have not had the opportunity to look at the letters of administration whether they were limited to personal property of Seforoza Kigongo but I think the trial magistrate misdirected himself here because usua l ly letters are granted in respect of all the property of the deceased. if the Kibanja in dispute did not belong to Seforoza then Nambalirwa would not have a right to administer it but this would not mean that she had a limited grant unless it Was specifi cally stated. \par \line The other grounds of appeal were abandoned by counsel for the appellant. \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1388820 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 In conclusion I must say that there were some errors in the findings of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 two lower}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 courts but these did not occasion any miscarriage of justice and in the end a correct decision was made on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9461076 the balance of probabilities. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 In the result the appeal fails and is accordingly dismissed. I uphold the decision of the Chief Magistrate. The appellant shall pay the costs of this appeal and in courts below. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9461076 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 \line \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid78214\charrsid1388820 M.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 KIREJU \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid9461076 JUDG}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 E. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 2/2/1993.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9461076 Mr. Kaala -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 for t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 he appellant \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9461076 r. Buule }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15817199\charrsid1388820 - for the respondent \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9461076 Mrs. B. Senoga -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6966611\charrsid1388820 Court Clerk. \par }{\*\themedata 504b030414000600080000002100828abc13fa0000001c020000130000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6cac91cb6ac3301045f785fe83d0b6d8 72ba28a5d8cea249777d2cd20f18e4b12d6a8f843409c9df77ecb850ba082d74231062ce997b55ae8fe3a00e1893f354e9555e6885647de3a8abf4fbee29bbd7 2a3150038327acf409935ed7d757e5ee14302999a654e99e393c18936c8f23a4dc072479697d1c81e51a3b13c07e4087e6b628ee8cf5c4489cf1c4d075f92a0b 44d7a07a83c82f308ac7b0a0f0fbf90c2480980b58abc733615aa2d210c2e02cb04430076a7ee833dfb6ce62e3ed7e14693e8317d8cd0433bf5c60f53fea2fe7 065bd80facb647e9e25c7fc421fd2ddb526b2e9373fed4bb902e182e97b7b461e6bfad3f010000ffff0300504b030414000600080000002100a5d6a7e7c00000 00360100000b0000005f72656c732f2e72656c73848fcf6ac3300c87ef85bd83d17d51d2c31825762fa590432fa37d00e1287f68221bdb1bebdb4fc7060abb08 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