[2023] UGIC 111


# **THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA**

### **IN THE INDUSTRIAL COURT OF UGANDA AT JINJA**

# **LABOUR DISPUTE REFERENCE No. 17 OF 2022**

# **ARISING FROM BUGIRI 01/2020**

# **io OMWOSI YOWANA CLAIMANT**

#### **VERSUS**

**BUGIRI DISTRICT** LOCAL

**GOVERNMENT RESPONDENT**

**BEFORE:**

**5**

**15 THE HON. AG** HEAD JUDGE, LINDA LILLIAN TUMUSIIME **MUGISHA PANELISTS**

**1. MR. EBYAU FIDEL**

**2. MS. HARRIET MUGAMBWA NGANZI**

**3. MR. FX MUBUUKE**

### **²⁰ AWARD**

# BACKGROUND

The Claimant brought this Claim for the recovery ofsalary arrears of Ugx. 17,277,034/=, general damages, compensation for unlawful termination of employment contract, terminal benefits, payment in lieu of notice, exemplary damages, severance allowance, **²⁵** interest on the above and costs ofthe claim.

The genesis of this claim is that, the Respondent employed the Claimant in 2013 on probation as a Nursing Officer at the scale of U5 on probation. He was confirmed in employment in April 2017. According to him, in January 2018, his salary was unjustifiably withheld. He allegedly complained about it in vain. According to him on 18/10/2018, the Respondent recommended him to Stanbic Bank for a salary loan. On 12/09/2019, he was transferred from Bulesa Health Center III to Bugiri General Hospital. He contended that, his transfer letter was withheld by the Respondent, who ordered her agents at the hospital not to allow him to work unless he produced the transfer letter. In his view this amounted to constructive dismissal, hence this suit.

**35 40 45** The Respondents were served with the memorandum of claim on 1/07/2022, but they did not file a reply within? days as provided under rule ⁵ ofthe Labour Disputes (Arbitration and Settlement) (Industrial Court)(Procedure rules ) 2012. On 16/05/2023, the Chief Administrative Officer was served with a hearing notice for a pre-session hearing scheduled for 22/05/2023, at 2.30 pm. He acknowledged service in person, however, on 22/05/2023, the Respondent did not appear. The Claimant then prayed to proceed exparte. The Matter was set down for hearing on the 7/06/2023. Subsequently, on 5/6/2023, the Respondent filed an Affidavit of reply instead of a Memorandum of reply on 5/06/2023, moreover without seeking leave of court. However, on 7/06/2023, when the matter was called for hearing, at the Industrial Court session in Jinja, the Respondent was absent, and no reason was rendered for their nonappearance. This notwithstanding, the record showed that, they were properly served as evidenced by the Affidavits of service of the Court process server. In the circumstances, When Counsel for the Claimant's orally applied for the Claimant to proceed exparte, Court granted him leave, to do so hence this award.

### **⁵⁰** REPRESENTATION

**30**

The Claimant was represented by Matende Derrick of Balidawa- Ngobi & Co. Advocates, Iganga. The Respondent did not enter appearance.

## **ISSUES**

- **1. Whether the Claimant was unlawfully terminated from employment?** - **2. Whether the Claimant is entitled to Ugx. 17,277,034/= as salary arrears** - **3. What remedies are available,**

#### **EVALUATION OF EVICENCE AND DECISION OF COURT**

#### **Issues 1: Whether the claimant was unlawfully terminated from employment.**

According to the paragraph 4(c) of the Claimant's Memorandum of claim, the Claimants last posting was on 12/09/2019, to Bugiri General Hospital, as evidenced by his transfer letter attached to the claim as annexture "C". It was also his evidence that, his salary was unjustifiably withheld. It was the submission of his lawyer that, when he was transferred from Bulesa Health Center III to Bugiri General hospital on 12/09/2019, the Chief Administrative Officer refused to give him a transfer letter and as a result, when he reported to the new, station he the Medical Superintendent, Mr Oundo, informed him, that he was ordered not to allow him to commence duty unless he produced the transfer letter, he therefore worked for only 2 days. He contended that, in the process oftrying to get the transfer letter he realised that he had been tactfully dismissed without notice or a reason, because he ceased to receive any salary.

**70** this court to be able to determine, whether it had actually been withheld from him as After carefully evaluating the Claimant the evidence, we established that, indeed he was transferred from Bulesa Health C1II to Bugiri General Hospitalon 12/09/2019. Although he testified that his letter was withheld by the Respondent, he attached the same to his claim as annexutre "C". However the letter did not indicate when he received it for

**3**

**55**

**60**

75 80 85 90 95 claimed. Whereas he claimed that, the Respondent unjustly withheld his salary from January 2018, he attached a letter from the Chief Administrative Officer to him, dated 19/02/2020, marked "EX12" on his trial bundle. In the letter the CAO expressed dissatisfaction about his frequent absence from duty which was contrary to the Public Service Standing Orders F-b (1) which required him to be on duty from Monday to Friday and warned him about impending disciplinary action against him including withholding of his salary. The same letter required him to give an explanation within 14 days, failure of which he would be subjected to disciplinary proceedings. There was nothing on the record to indicate that the Claimant made a response to this letter or that he took any steps to exculpate himself of the allegations that had been leveled against him by the CAO. He also filed a letter from the Principal Human Resource Officer Bugiri to the Chief Administrative Officer(PHRO) dated 12/10/2020. The letter explained the reasons why he was deleted from the pay roll and the reasons included his frequent absence from duty, his poor attitude towards attendance to duty, which lead to the loss of funding for a project. The letter further stated that when he was transferred from Bulesa Health CIII to Bugiri, on 12/09/2019, he reported on 10/10/2019 and only worked for only 2 days and absconded from duty. His immediate supervisor reported his absence on 7/11/2019. It also stated that when he did not respond to the CAOs requiring him to explain his abscondment, he was deleted form the pay roll. According to the same letter, on 4/09/2020, he was invited to appear before the Bugiri District Service Commission to provide his defend himself and he acknowledged receipt of the letter. It also indicated that together with other staff the Claimant was subjected to a disciplinary hearing before the rewards and sanctions Committee that sat on 22nd and 27lh December 2017, respectively. His salary was subsequently halted on grounds of chronic absenteeism, and negligence of duty for January, March, April, May and June 2018. Interestingly, this was the Claimant's evidence and he did not refute it or provide anything to the contrary, in

fact he confirmed it when he stated that he only worked at Bugiri hospital for only 2 days because he did not have his transfer letter, yet he attached a copy ofthe transfer letter on his trial bundle.

105 a The uncontroverted evidence in the PHRO's letter(supra), strongly suggests that, Claimant was frequently absent from duty and he had a very poor attitude to work, therefore, the Claim that he was constructively terminated without notice as consequence of unreasonable conduct on the part of the employer towards him is hard to believe and it cannot stand.

Therefore in the absence of any other evidence to the contrary, the contents of the PHRO's letter, we strongly believe that the Claimant's conduct and attitude to his work was unreasonable and contrary to what is expected of an employee in the Public Service. It was clear that the Claimant breached Section(f-b) on Official working hours and Attendance ofDuty, which provides as follows:

"7. *Government official working hours are asfollows:*

¹¹⁵ *Monday to Friday 8:00 a.m - 12.45 p.m. 2:00p.m - 5:00p.m.*

*2. Official working hours of the Mission will follow working hours of the country to which the Mission is accredited. Officers shall attend to duty punctually and efficiently utilise the time during office hours. Public officers shall not absent themselves without approval ofthe supervisor.*

120 *3. A public officer may be required to work beyond these official hours due to the exigency ofthe service.*

*4. A public officer shall attend to members ofthe public promptly. In his or her absence, thejob holder shall delegate his or her responsibilities to another public officer.*


125 *5. The attendance of public officers shall be monitored using a system, modality, mechanism or any other approved system including Biometrics, attendance registers applications or any other tool or device a Responsible Officer may deem appropriate which, allowsfor monitoring attendance to duty.*

*6. The Responsible Officer shall extract and analyse information on attendance to duty by the 30th day ofevery month which shall be used to take management decisions.*

130 *7. The Government reserves the right to take disciplinary action against a public officer including making deductionsfrom his or her payfor any period, during which he or she is absentfrom work withoutpermission.*

*8. A public officer who is unable to attend to duty due to illness will be handled in accordance with Section M-a, paragraphs 8 and 9.*

¹³⁵ *9. The Responsible Permanent Secretary shall issue guidelines on management of attendance to duty*

The Claimant did not adduce any evidence to indicate that he was absent with authorization. Subsection (7) of Section(f-b)is instructive on the action to be taken against an errant officer and for emphasis, it provides that:

7. *The Government reserves the right to take disciplinary action against a public which he or she is absentfrom work withoutpermission. officer including making deductionsfrom his or her payfor anyperiod during*

This is in line with the Section 41(6) ofthe Employment Act which entitles an employer 145 not to pay an employee who is absent from work without authorization or good cause, which provides as follows:

*"... (6) An employee is not entitled to receive wages in respect ofanyperiodwhere he or she is absentfrom work without authorization or good cause except, that, in the case ofan employee who has completed at least 3 months continuous service* ¹⁵⁰ *with his or her employer, thefollowing shall not constitute absence without good cause.*

> *(a) absence attributable to the occurrence ofexceptional events oforfrom working:*

*(b) absence attributable to summons to attend a court oflaw or any other* 155 *public authority havingpower to compel attendance or*

> *(c ) absence attributable to the death ofa member ofthe employee'sfamily year... or dependent relative, subject to a maximum ofsix days in any one calendar*

The Claimant did not adduce any evidence to indicate that he suffered any ofthe 160 exceptions stated under section 41(6) and having not rebutted the evidence in the PHRO's letter, which he attached himself, as evidence, we find no reason to fault the

Respondent for depriving him ofhis salary for the period he was absent without authorization in January, March, April, May, and June 2018. It is not in dispute that he was posted to Bugiri on 12/09/2019 and according to the PHRO's letter he reported to ¹⁶⁵ work on 3/10/2019. It was his evidence that: paragraph 19 ofhis witness statement, "... *that while there, I workedfor only 2 days and the medicalsuperintendent, Mr. Oundo stopped mefrom working unless Iprovided him with a copy ofthe transfer letter... "* We already established that he always had the transfer letter therefore this assertion cannot stand. Therefore, the claim that, he was constructively dismissed in accordance with ¹⁷⁰ section 65(1) (c) ofthe Employment Act 2006, cannot hold. Therefore, **Tibenkana Edith**

**Versus London** Distillers (u) Ltd LDR No. 146 of 2019 in which **Nyakabwa Abwooli versus Security** 2000 Ltd LDC 108 of 2018 was cited, is not applicable to his case.

In conclusion, it is our finding that, the Respondent was correct to remove him from the pay roll for absconding from duty. His termination was therefore lawful.

#### **Issue 2 ;Whether Claimant is entitled to Ugx. 17,277,034/= as salary arrears.**

It was the Claimant's evidence under paragraph 12 of his witness statement that, he was denied his salary amounting to Ugx. 17, 277,034/- arising from an increase of salary from Ugx.893,337/ to Ugx. 1,200,000/- for the period, August 2019 to October 2020, yet he worked. It was also his evidence that, despite withholding his salary he was recommended for a loan which he received.

**w**

195 200 205 claimed was his monthly salary at the time. In fact, based on the salary slip, the total amount of Ugx. 1,200,000/- allowances and a total deduction of Ugx.521, 675/- leaving a net of 822,800/- per month, was not reflected anywhere. What is reflected are deposits ranging between Ugx. 1.61 l,980/-and Ugx. 1,698, 193/- and as already stated they are all from MU SPH- RESEARCH 00000000000010 DERNUM. There was nothing in the Claimant's evidence to indicate that, at any one time he received a deposit of Ugx. 1,200,000 on this Account for this Court to conclude that, this was his salary. In fact there was nothing on the record to indicate at what point the purported salary was increased, when the Respondent started paying /depositing it or at what point it ceased to be paid. In the absence of a Bank statement clearly reflecting payments from the Respondent in form of salary and when it ceased to be made on to the Account we have no basis to determine that his salary was actually increased and that he had salary in the sum of Ugx. 17, 277,034/- as claimed. In the same vein, in the absence of evidence to

We had an opportunity to analyse the Ioan application forms and established that, the

loan would be deposited on Account 9030009373488, which was not described as a

salary account. A perusal of the account itself indicated that the funds deposited were

from MU SPH- RESEARCH 00000000000010 DERNUM. In addition, the Claimant did

not attach any evidence to prove that his salary had been increased as claimed or that he

was not receiving salary from August 2019 to October 2020. His reliance on a copy of

salary slip for July 2018 alone was not sufficient, in the absence of a comprehensive

Bank statement to show that, he received his salary on the Account and when it ceased to

be deposited on to the Account. The slip itself did not indicate the Stanbic Account

number on which the salary was to be deposited and ExC9 did not show any deposits

regarding his salary. All the deposits on the account were from MU SPH- RESEARCH

00000000000010 DERNUM 1, and each deposit was in excess ofthe Ugx. 1,200,000/- he

indicate that the loan he acquired, was a salary loan, solely premised on his salary for its recovery, we had no basis to make a determination that, he had a salary loan as claimed.

210 In conclusion, having not adduced any evidence to prove that he was constructively dismissed, and given his own evidence that he absconded from duty, it is our finding that, his dismissal was justified. In the circumstances this claim fails.

#### **3. What remedies are available?**

Having established that, his termination was lawful, he was not entitled to any of the remedies claimed. No order as to costs is made.

215 Delivered and signed by:

# **THE HON. AG** HEAD JUDGE, LINDA LILLIAN **TUMUSHME MUGISHA PANELISTS**

**¹ MR. EBYAU FIDEL**

**2. MS. HARRIET** MUGAMBWA NGANZI

²²⁰ **3. MR. FX MUBUUKE**

DATE: 23/06/2023