[2009] UGHC 47

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)}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid674875 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT GULU \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 HCT \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 02 \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 CV \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 CA \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 0045 \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 2007 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 (Arising from }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Magistrate Grade I Apac }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Civil Appeal No. 12/2007) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid674875 {\b\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \par }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 OTILE CHARLES::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: APPELLANT \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid674875 {\b\dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 VERSUS \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid674875 {\b\dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ONEDO BENEYOKASI:::::::\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 :::::::::::::::::::::::::: RESPONDENT \par }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid674875 {\b\dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 BEFORE: HONOURABLE JUSTICE REMMY K. KASULE \par }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \par }{\b\ul\dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 JUDGEMENT \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid674875 {\dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The appellant appea}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 l}{\dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ed to this court against the decision of the Magistrate Grade I, Apac dated 12}{\super\dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 th}{\dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 December, 2007, in land claim No. 012 of 2006 \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The claim had \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 originally been lodged in the Apac District Land Tribunal, but was later transferred to the Grade I }{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ourt, Apac, when as a matter of Government Policy decision, trial of land cases before }{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 L}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 and }{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 T}{\dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ribunals reverted to Magistrates Courts of the Uganda Judiciar\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 y. \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid16477993\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 In the court below, the respondent complained that the appellant had in 2002 trespassed on his land situate at Dwok can Ikweri village, Akere Parish, Apac Sub-county, Apac District, by building, farming and grazing his cattle thereon. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 By reason of the \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 trespass, the respondent sought from court a permanent injunction restraining the appellant from committing trespass, as well as general damages and costs of the suit. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The appellant, at trial, denied the respondent\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s claims and maintained that he had acq\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 uired the suit land in 1999 from the respondent through purchase of the same. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The }{\dbch\af12\insrsid8670312\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 trial Magistrate found and held in his judgment that the appellant was only entitled to stay on 30 acres of the land that the respondent had passed over to him. The cour}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 t}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid8670312\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 th\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 us order}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ed that any land in excess of the 30 acres curved out by appellant out of the respondent}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \loch\af0\dbch\af12\hich\f0 \rquote }{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 s land be returned to the respondent.}{\dbch\af12\insrsid9313594\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The appellant was ordered to vacate the respondent\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s land within 90 days from the date of the judgment. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 A permanent inj\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 unction restraining the appellant and his agents from further trespass to respondent\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s land was also issued. \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The appellant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s appeal is on three grounds. \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 First}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ground is that the learned trial magistrate erred in law and facts when it entertained the case b \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 etween the appellant and respondent when the same had been handled by the L}{\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 II}{\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 and L}{\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 III}{\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 }{\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ourts of }{ \dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 t}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 he Akere Parish and Apac Sub-county respectively. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 This court was not furnished with authentic records of a complete trial of the dispute between the \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 appellant and respondent in the LC Courts. Counsel for the appellant produced to court a p}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 hotocopy of a document titled }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \loch\af0\dbch\af12\hich\f0 \'93}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Ruling letter on land dispute between }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Onedo vs Utile Charles\'94}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 dated 18.07.06, signed by Agum Charles, }{\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Chairman}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 L}{\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 II}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 , Ak}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ere Parish.}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The origin of this document was never furnished to court. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 It is not clear, from the wording of the document whether it was a }{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 judgment}{\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 or a communication of the author as to what might have taken place in the L}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Court Paragraph 1 of the document states:\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 - \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \loch\af0\dbch\af12\hich\f0 \'93}{\b\i\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Following}{\b\i\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 the court }{ \b\i\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 on }{\b\i\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 land dispute between Mr. B}{\b\i\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 e }{\b\i\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 n}{\b\i\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 a}{\b\i\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 \hich\f0 yokesi Onedo and Mr. Otile Charles, my court found out that the land on dispute belongs to Mr. Otile Charles due to the following reasons.......................\'94 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .......................................\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ............ \par }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Therefore due to the above stated reason this court of the L}{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 II}{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{ \b\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Aker}{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 e}{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 gives back the land to Mr.}{ \b\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Otile Charles and the court gives both parties 14 days to come and do an appeal if the above ruling is not correct\'94 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 There is no indication in\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 the document as to the nature of evidence given, by whom and when that evidence was given, and before whom}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 . T}{\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 his court}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ,}{\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 for all the above reasons, i}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 s}{\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 th}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 us}{\dbch\af12\insrsid1405076\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 unable to classify the document}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3168126\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 as a judgment of the L}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3168126\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid3168126\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 II}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3168126\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Court. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 On}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5391937\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 }{\dbch\af12\insrsid3168126\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 his part, counsel}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 }{\dbch\af12\insrsid5391937\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 for the \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 respondent produced to court a document dated 01.10.06 with a stamp stating it is that of Chairman L}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5391937\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid5391937\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 III, APac Sub-county, worded as a Decree in case No. 04/06; between }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid5391937\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ONEDO BEN VS OTILE CHARLES}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid5391937\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 in which judgment is said to have been given on 21.08.06.}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7821894\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid5391937\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid131172\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 In this document, the L}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid131172\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid131172\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 III}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid131172\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 }{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{\dbch\af12\insrsid131172\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ourt, is stated to have ordered that the land in dispute be reverted to the plaintiff in the suit.}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5391937\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid131172\charrsid674875 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 No court record of proceedings relating to case No. 4/06 was availed to court. }{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 There}{\dbch\af12\insrsid131172\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 was no evidence by affidavit, or oth\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 erwise, from the L}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid131172\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid131172\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 III}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid131172\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Court, Apac Sub-county, as to the authenticity of this document, availed to court from the Bar. None of those shown on the document as having been members of the court, verified by way of affidavit, or otherwise, the authenticit \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 y of the document. \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 It is not clear whether the said L}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 III}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 }{ \dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ourt entertained the dispute by way of appeal or by way of a full hearing; and if so what evidence and by who}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ,}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 was adduced before that court. }{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 reasons for the decision of the court are als\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 o not disclosed in the document. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The document therefore cannot be a basis for holding that}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 that LC}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 courts had conclusively resolved on the matter. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 While }{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 the evid}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 en}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ce}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 before the trial magistrate is to the effect that the dispute between the appellant and \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 respondent, had}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ,}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 over time, }{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 been }{ \dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 handled by the L}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 s of the area, the burden was on the appellant to satisfy}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 court, at trial stage, and also in this court on appeal, that the L. C. Courts had lawfully held a proper trial,, and effectively resolved the dis\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 pute, the subject matter of the suit. This was not done before the trial court of the magistrate Grade I, Apac; and even before this court, no authentic records have been availed to this court to satisfy court that the L}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 II}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 and L}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 III}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5861850\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Courts of Akere \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Parish and Apac Sub-county respectively had}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 conclusively }{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 resolved the dispute and the same was thus res-judicata.}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3743633\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Court has seen the record of the court proceedings upon which the judgment of the Magistrate Grade I is based. The record clearly shows tha\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 t witnesses of }{\dbch\af12\insrsid6646463\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 b}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 oth parties testified in full and were c}{\dbch\af12\insrsid6646463\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ro}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ss examined. The court based its decision on the totality of the evidence be}{\dbch\af12\insrsid6646463\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 f}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 or}{\dbch\af12\insrsid6646463\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 e}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 it. Court gave reasons for the conclusions reached. There is therefore no injustice caused by taking the trial, th\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 e subject of the Judgment of the Magistrate Grade I as the proper trial; and disregard}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid6646463\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 the alleged trials before the LC Courts whose authentic records are absent, if at all they ever existed.}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12286105\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid4544712\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 This court finds no merit in the first ground of appeal. The s\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ame fails. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The second ground of appeal is that the trial magistrate also erred in law and fact when }{\dbch\af12\insrsid6646463\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 he}{\dbch\af12\insrsid4544712\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 failed to evaluate}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12720787\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 the evidence on record and entered judgment and orders against the appellant which occasioned a miscarriage of justice.}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid8802876\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid12720787\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid8353830\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 In his judgm\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ent the trial magistrate identified the issues for determination}{\dbch\af12\insrsid6646463\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 . }{ \dbch\af12\insrsid8389912\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 He }{\dbch\af12\insrsid6646463\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 c}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8353830\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 onsidered the law, reviewed the evidence adduced before him and applied the law to the facts of the case}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8389912\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 . He}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8353830\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 then came to the conclusion that the respondent had a cause of action agains\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 t the appellant}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8389912\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 . Court also found, on the evidence, }{ \dbch\af12\insrsid8353830\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 the appellant had lawfully acquired 30 acres of land from the respondent, }{\dbch\af12\insrsid8389912\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 but}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid8353830\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 that appellant had fraudulently altered some parts of the agreement of 08.09.99 whereby he paid cows to respondent for the la\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 nd}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid8389912\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 . The }{\dbch\af12\insrsid8353830\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 fraudulent alteration was intended to be used}{\dbch\af12\insrsid14968776\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 and was actually used by the appellant to claim to have bought more land from the respondent. Court could not give effect to this fraudulent transaction. Court therefore held}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8389912\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ,}{\dbch\af12\insrsid14968776\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 that the appellant was \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 not entitled to have more land of the respondent, other than that of the subject of the genuine sale agreement as set out in Exhibit }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid14968776\charrsid674875 \loch\af0\dbch\af12\hich\f0 \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 D\'94\loch\f0 ,}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid14968776\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 the genuine agreement of sale}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8389912\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 . The}{\dbch\af12\insrsid14968776\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 original copy}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8389912\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 of this genuine agreement}{\dbch\af12\insrsid14968776\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 was produced in court and had no changed f\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 igures of cows paid and acres bought unlike the photocopy produced by appellant, whose figures of cows paid and acres bought had been changed by being increased. }{\dbch\af12\insrsid12720787\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid735484\charrsid674875 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 This court, has on its own, re}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8389912\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 -e}{\dbch\af12\insrsid735484\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 valuate}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8389912\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 d}{\dbch\af12\insrsid735484\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 the evidence, and }{\dbch\af12\insrsid8389912\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 has also come}{\dbch\af12\insrsid735484\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 to the same conclus\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ion as the trial magistrate. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The second ground of appeal also fails. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The third ground of appeal is that the learned trial m}{\dbch\af12\insrsid13319694\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 agistrate erred in law and fact}{\dbch\af12\insrsid735484\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 when }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13319694\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 he }{\dbch\af12\insrsid735484\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ignored or failed to visit the locus in quo in order to ascertain the size of the land and \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 area in dispute}{\dbch\af12\insrsid13319694\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 . He}{\dbch\af12\insrsid735484\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 thus came to a wrong conclusion which occasioned a miscarriage of Justice. \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid10692988\charrsid674875 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The evidence adduced at trial was to the effect that the land in dispute was not the 30 acres that the respondent had allowed the appellant and his mother to \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 occupy in 1998, when they returned from Buganda, where they had migrated. This land, according to the evidence of respondent, which was not rebutted by the defence, does not share any boundary with the rest of the land of the respondent, upon which the a \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 p\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 pellant is stated to have trespassed. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The respondent then proceeded to state the boundaries of his land, the }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13073127\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 subject of the dispute as being Alfred Okello and Odong Jusufu in South; Ongu Akona on Eastern, Opio Charles, Olila Patrick and Omara Anthony on E\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 astern, and on the other side, the respondent and his family members. As already stated, the respondent was emphatic that the }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13319694\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 appellant }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13073127\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 did not share }{\dbch\af12\insrsid14090425\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 a border}{\dbch\af12\insrsid13073127\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 with this }{\dbch\af12\insrsid14090425\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 land}{\dbch\af12\insrsid13319694\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 , as the appellant claimed.}{\dbch\af12\insrsid10692988\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid12016275\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13319694\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 At trial t}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12016275\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 here was no evidence from the defence to}{\dbch\af12\insrsid13319694\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 re\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 but }{\dbch\af12\insrsid12016275\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 the respondent\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s evidence as to the borders of }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13319694\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 the suit }{\dbch\af12\insrsid12016275\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 land. \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Further, the witnesses who testified in the case, PW2, PW3, PW4, PW5, PW6, DW1, DW2, DW3 and DW4}{\dbch\af12\insrsid7748445\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 were familiar with which land was the subject of dispute. None expressed any confusion about\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 this.}{\dbch\af12\insrsid12016275\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid7748445\charrsid674875 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The trial magistrate had all this evidence before him, and he saw it as unnecessary to visit the locus in quo. None of the parties invited him to visit the locus in quo so as to clear up any thing that was not clear. \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Learned counsel for the appe\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 llant has not satisfactorily shown to this court, in which way, the non visiting of the locus in quo caused a miscarriage of justice. \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13319694\charrsid674875 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Court finds no merit in the third ground of appeal. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 All grounds of the appeal having failed, the appeal stands dismissed\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 . \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The respondent is awarded the costs of the dismissed appeal. \par \par \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Remmy K. Kasule \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Judge \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 27}{\super\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 th}{\dbch\af12\insrsid2910098\charrsid674875 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 March, 2009 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13319694\charrsid674875 \par \par \par \par \par \par \par \par }}