[2009] UGHC 192

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.}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8272203 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\ul\insrsid5792772\charrsid8272203 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \par IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT ARUA \par }{\b\insrsid5792772\charrsid8272203 CRIMINAL SESSION CASE NO. 0013/2009 \par \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8272203 {\b\insrsid5792772\charrsid8272203 UGANDA :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: PROSECUTOR \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8272203 {\b\insrsid5792772\charrsid8272203 =VERSUS= \par \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8272203 {\b\insrsid5792772\charrsid8272203 CANDIA AKIM :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ACCUSED \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8272203 {\b\ul\insrsid5792772\charrsid8272203 JUDGMENT}{\insrsid5792772\charrsid8272203 \par }{\b\insrsid5792772\charrsid8272203 (Before Hon Justice J. W. Kwesiga) \par }{\b\insrsid7563323\charrsid8272203 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8272203 {\insrsid5792772\charrsid8272203 The accused person, CANDIA AKIM is indicted with Aggravated defilement contrary to section 129 (3) of particulars of the offence that on the 11}{\super\insrsid5792772\charrsid8272203 th}{\insrsid5792772\charrsid8272203 day of May, 2008 at Eteleva village, in Arua District the accused had unlawful sexual intercourse with Munguci Sharon a girl under the age of 14 years. \par The accused person }{\insrsid1590342\charrsid8272203 pleaded not guilty and therefore a}{\insrsid8331648\charrsid8272203 ll matters against him became in}{\insrsid1590342\charrsid8272203 issue including his identity. The prosecution has a duty to prove all issues in this case beyond r easonable doubt. The prosecution evidence must prove all essential elements of the offence of aggravated defilement beyond reasonable doubt. Failure to prove any of them would result into the acquittal }{\insrsid8331648\charrsid8272203 of the Accused. The }{\insrsid1590342\charrsid8272203 elements of the offence to be proved are the following:- \par {\listtext\pard\plain\insrsid1590342\charrsid8272203 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \qj \fi-600\li960\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx960\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin960\itap0\pararsid8272203 { \insrsid1590342\charrsid8272203 That the victim is a girl aged less than 14 years. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\insrsid1590342\charrsid8272203 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}That the victim was subjected to sexual intercourse, which is unlawful.}{\insrsid5792772\charrsid8272203 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\insrsid1590342\charrsid8272203 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}{\insrsid1590342\charrsid8272203 That the accused person participated in the unlawful sexual intercourse.}{\insrsid1590342 \par }\pard \qj \li360\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid8272203 {\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8272203 {\insrsid14490728\charrsid8272203 PW.1 ASEA SAM, a senior clinical officer with 25 years experience in clinical medical services testified that he examined MUNGUCI SHARON, the victim and recorded his findings in police form PF3 and its appendix which was admitted as prosecution exhibit P.1 and he made the following find ings: The victim was 8 years old}{\insrsid7563323\charrsid8272203 , she}{\insrsid14490728\charrsid8272203 had signs of penetration. Her hymen had been raptured approximately 2 weeks before the examination. There were other injuries around the victim \rquote s sexual organ which were consistent with force having been exerted sexually.}{\insrsid14490728 \par }{\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid14490728\charrsid8272203 PW.2 Munguci Sharon, the victim gave her evidence not on oath due to her tender age and inability to understand the duty of testifying on oath. She testified that she is 9 years old in primary one class. That when her mother had gone somewhere, that the accused person took her from the sitting room to the bed room and started doing to her what she called bad manners. That he pushed his penis into her vagina and the following morning she reported to her mother who had spent the night away.}{ \insrsid14490728 \par }{\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid4280072\charrsid8272203 PW.3 OCOKORU EUNICE, the victim\rquote s mother stated the victim was born in the year 2000. }{\insrsid16001399\charrsid8272203 On}{\insrsid4280072\charrsid8272203 the night of 11}{ \super\insrsid4280072\charrsid8272203 th}{\insrsid4280072\charrsid8272203 May 2008 she }{\insrsid8331648\charrsid8272203 had }{\insrsid4280072\charrsid8272203 a quarrel with the accused who was her husband which forced her to sleep out of the family house, leaving the victim and other young children in the house where the accused slept. The following morning}{\insrsid12265697 ,}{ \insrsid4280072\charrsid8272203 when she returned home she was informed by the victim that the accused had defiled her. She reported the matter to the (LCs) Local Council Authorities who referred her to Ulepi police post and the accused was subsequently arrested and the victim was taken for medical examination.}{\insrsid14490728 \par }{\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid4280072\charrsid8272203 The accused person, in his unsworn testimony denied the allegations. He confirmed that he had a domestic misunderstanding with PW.3 who left the house and s pent the material night not in the house. That he left during the night to look for PW.3 and on advice of his brother DROTI he spent the night at his house. That he did not know anything about the allegations of defilement. \par \par Considering the above evidence}{\insrsid8272203 ,}{\insrsid4280072\charrsid8272203 this court is left with no doubt that Munguci Sharon is a girl of age below 14 years. She was eight (8) years at the time of the alleged offence. This is proved by the medical evidence of PW.1 SAM ASEA, PW.2 the victim and PW.3 the victim\rquote s mother that the child was born in the year 2000. \par \par The findings of ASEA PW.1, corroborates the evidence of the victim PW.2 that she was }{\insrsid6048607\charrsid8272203 a victim of unlawful sexual intercourse. The medical evidence specifically proves that there was sexual penetration and the ch ild being a minor of tender age this was unlawful sexual intercourse.}{\insrsid8331648\charrsid8272203 She falls with the prohibited age for purposes of sexual engagements.}{\insrsid4280072 \par }{\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid6048607\charrsid8272203 In view of the above}{\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 ,}{\insrsid6048607\charrsid8272203 I am satisfied beyond reasonable doubt that the prosecution has proved the first two elemen ts of the offence, namely the age of the victim being below 14 years and the fact of unlawful sexual intercourse. The crucial issue now remaining for determining is whether the accused participated in the commission of the offence.}{\insrsid6048607

\par }{\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid6048607\charrsid8272203 PW.2 Munguci Sharon i s the only identifying witness. She is a single identifying witness and she is a witness who gave evidence not on oath because of her tender age. Her evidence needs corroboration of some other independent nature. This corroborative evidence may be di rect or }{\insrsid7563323\charrsid8272203 circumstantial}{\insrsid6048607\charrsid8272203 . The }{\insrsid7563323\charrsid8272203 corroboration in}{\insrsid6048607\charrsid8272203 this type of the offence should be in support of this }{ \insrsid7563323\charrsid8272203 witness\rquote s}{\insrsid6048607\charrsid8272203 evidence on the fact of sexual intercourse and the identity of the culprit. I have already held that her evidence on the fact of sexual intercourse has }{ \insrsid7563323\charrsid8272203 been adequately corroborated by the findings of ASEA SAM in medical examination report P.1.}{\insrsid6048607\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid7563323\charrsid8272203 \par Miss Daisy Bandaru counsel for the accused submitted that the offence was committed at night, the circumstances were not favourable to correct identificati on and the possibility of mistaken identification could not be ruled out. On the other hand Miss Harriet}{\insrsid8331648\charrsid8272203 Adubango S}{\insrsid7563323\charrsid8272203 tate Attorney, for prosecutio}{\insrsid8331648\charrsid8272203 n contended that the victim ablely }{\insrsid7563323\charrsid8272203 identified the accused as the person that defiled her notwithstanding that it was at night.}{\insrsid7563323 \par }{\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid7563323\charrsid8272203 I have examined the evidence on this element of identification with the above arguments of the two learned counsel in mind. I have considered the evidence of PW.2 the victim (Munguci Sharon). She was positive that the accused, CANDIA AKI M was married to her mother called OCOKORU EUNICE. That the incident happened on the night her mother slept outside the house. She had been sleeping }{\insrsid8331648\charrsid8272203 in the sitting room where s}{\insrsid9778796\charrsid8272203 he ordinarily slept with her young brothers. The accused took the children to the bedroom where he used to sleep with the victim\rquote s mother. That the accused pushed hi}{\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 s male sexual organ into hers. }{ \insrsid9778796\charrsid8272203 He }{\insrsid8331648\charrsid8272203 lifted}{\insrsid9778796\charrsid8272203 her leg and water splashed on her thighs. }{\insrsid7563323\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid9778796\charrsid8272203 PW.3 Ocokoru Eunice received the complaint from the victim the next morning, she stated that she saw dried whitish substance on the victim\rquote s private parts which she called sperms. }{ \insrsid14643546\charrsid8272203 Simila}{\insrsid8331648\charrsid8272203 r}{\insrsid14643546\charrsid8272203 to what she experiences when the accused had sex with her. }{\insrsid9778796 \par }{\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid14643546\charrsid8272203 The accused person in his defence corroborated the victim\rquote s evidence that on the material night the victim\rquote s mother PW.3 slept out of the house leaving the accused in the house with the victim and other younger }{\insrsid6755611\charrsid8272203 children that}{\insrsid14643546\charrsid8272203 he shifted the victim and another small girl to sleep in the bedroom. He left the children in the house at night and never came back until the next morning when he found PW.3 already at home. That he was not told what happened until the 20}{ \super\insrsid14643546\charrsid8272203 th}{\insrsid14643546\charrsid8272203 day of May 2008 when he was under arrest at Bondo.}{\insrsid6755611\charrsid8272203 }{\insrsid14643546 \par }{\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid7551522\charrsid8272203 The accused put up an ALIBI in his defence to the effect that on the mater ial night he left the children in the house and returned after the complainant (PW.3) had come home. In effect he avers that the defilement could have occurred in his absence. \par \par It is trite that once an accused person puts up an }{\b\insrsid7551522\charrsid8272203 alibi }{\insrsid7551522\charrsid8272203 in his defence he assumes no duty to prove his defence. The duty is on the prosecution to disprove the }{ \b\insrsid7551522\charrsid8272203 alibi}{\insrsid7551522\charrsid8272203 by adducing evidence that places the accused at the scene of the crime. This, the prosecution can do, by calling additional evidence if the ALIBI is belatedly raise d or by utilizing the evidence adduced before the defence was disclosed.}{\insrsid7551522 \par }{\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid7551522\charrsid8272203 In the instant case the evidence of the victim PW.2 and the evidence of PW3 the complainant and corroborated by the defence evidence. The accused returned home on the material date at about 9:00 pm, PW3 left him in the house with the victim. There is no evidence as to how late he left the house to stay away until the next morning. It is not in dispute that he }{\insrsid8331648\charrsid8272203 did }{ \insrsid7551522\charrsid8272203 shift the victim from the sitting room where she was sleeping with her younger sister or brother to the bedroom where the offence was committed. This evidence renders the defence of Alibi not available to the accused person and it is dismissed as untrue.}{\insrsid7551522 \par }{\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid5112041\charrsid8272203 The victim had sufficient opportunity to identify the accused. H e was her step father or married to her mother. He was in the house with the victim, he woke her up with the other child from the sitting room to the bedroom where he was sleeping with the youngest child who was crying because the mother had left the hou s e and he definitely operated all the above closely in the observation and hearing of the victim. There was no evidence led that there was light during these events but the other circumstances of prior knowledge of the assailant by the victim, the closene ss and the fact that there was no indication of any outsider\rquote s possibility to commit the offence leaves no doubt that the accused committed the offence. I am alive to the fact that this evidence of identification is of }{ \insrsid1062399\charrsid8272203 a child of tender age who testified not on oath I have warned myself of dangers associated with this kind of evidence but considering the case as a whole I am }{\insrsid4016111\charrsid8272203 satisfied}{ \insrsid1062399\charrsid8272203 that it is }{\insrsid4016111\charrsid8272203 the accused who defiled the victim. Both the Assessors arrived at the same conclusion and advised this court t o find the accused person guilty as charged. In the circumstances and in view of the above assessment of the evidence I find the accused person guilty of Aggravated defilement contrary to section 129 (3) of the penal code and he is accordingly convicted. }{\insrsid7551522\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid4016111\charrsid8272203 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8272203 {\insrsid4016111\charrsid8272203 ................................................ \par }{\b\insrsid4016111\charrsid8272203 J. W. KWESIGA \par JUDGE \par 20/8/2009 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8272203 {\insrsid4016111\charrsid8272203 \par }{\b\ul\insrsid4016111\charrsid8272203 Read in presence of: \par }{\insrsid4016111\charrsid8272203 Ms Adubango Harriet S/A for the state \par Ms Daisy Bandaru for the accused on state brief. \par Accused in Court. \par }{\insrsid9273011\charrsid8272203 \par }{\b\ul\insrsid9273011\charrsid8272203 SENTENCE \par }{\insrsid9273011\charrsid8272203 I have considered the submissions of both the state and defence Advocates. I have considered the fact that the accused has spent 1 year and 3 months on remand. However}{\insrsid8272203\charrsid8272203 ,}{ \insrsid9273011\charrsid8272203 there is nothing to show that he is remorseful for what he did. He was a person left in custody of children including the vi ctim who was a step-daughter. He had a duty to protect the children. He abused the victim sexually, prematurely ending her purity. Not}{\insrsid8331648\charrsid8272203 only does this viole}{\insrsid9273011\charrsid8272203 t the provisions of the Law it also offends the right of the child to being protected. I am unable to be more lenient than to sentence the accused person to 17 (seventeen) years Imprisonment. He is sentenced to 17 years in prison. \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8272203 {\insrsid9273011\charrsid8272203 ....................................................... \par }{\b\insrsid9273011\charrsid8272203 J. W. KWESIGA \par JUDGE \par }{\b\insrsid8331648\charrsid8272203 20/8/2009}{\insrsid8331648\charrsid8272203 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8272203 {\insrsid4016111\charrsid8272203 \par \par }{\insrsid4280072\charrsid8272203 \par }{\insrsid14490728\charrsid8272203 \par }{\b\insrsid5792772\charrsid8272203 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8272203 {\insrsid15024847\charrsid8272203 \par }}