[2009] UGHC 193

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.}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\ul\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \par \par IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT ARUA HOLDEN AT ADJUMANI \par \par }{\b\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 CRIM. SESS. CASE 0014/2009 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\b\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 \par UGANDA ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: }{\b\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 }{\b\insrsid14047016 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\b\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 }{\b\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 PROSECUTOR \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\b\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 =VERSUS = \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\b\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\b\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 LODU ENERIKO ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: }{\b\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 }{ \b\insrsid14047016 \tab \tab \tab \tab }{\b\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 ACCUSED \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\b\ul\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 JUDGMENT \par }{\b\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 BRFORE Justice J. W. Kwesiga \par \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 LODU ENERIKO, the accused person is indicted with aggravated defilement contrary to section 129 (3) and (4) (a) of the penal code Act. \par It is alleged that in the month of October, 2008, at Kerelu village in Adjumani District, the accused had unlawful sexual intercourse with PEACE PAULA, a girl under the age of 14 years. \par The accused person pleaded not guilty to the offence and therefore the whole burden of proof remained upon the prosecution. The accused p erson is presumed innocent and has no duty to prove anything, including his innocence throughout the trial. The prosecution must prove the following essential elements of the offence; \par {\listtext\pard\plain\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 a)\tab}}\pard \qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx360\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid14047016 { \insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 That the victim is a girl below 14 years of age. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 b)\tab}That there was penetration or sexual intercourse with the girl. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 c)\tab}That it is the accused person who did it or participated in commission of the offence.}{\insrsid10832659 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\insrsid14047016\charrsid14047016 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 d)\tab}}{\insrsid14047016\charrsid14047016 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 To prove the age of the victim the prosecution called PW 1 Peace Paula who testified she was 9 years old. PW 4 }{\insrsid1969514\charrsid14047016 Florence}{\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 Limi o, the mother of the victim testified the victim was born on 26}{\super\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 th}{\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 January 1999 which woul}{\insrsid745921\charrsid14047016 d make her nine years old today as she testified and eight years at the time of the alleged offence.}{\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 \par }{\insrsid1969514\charrsid14047016 PW 5 Dr. Dram}{\insrsid10832659\charrsid14047016 etu Dominic testified that Dr. OPAR examined the victim and among other things he found }{\insrsid1969514\charrsid14047016 that she was 8 years old. Prosecution exhibit P 1 (Police Form N0. 3) is not dated and it is difficult to tell when Dr. Opar made this examination. It}{\insrsid745921\charrsid14047016 s}{\insrsid1969514\charrsid14047016 }{ \insrsid1856582\charrsid14047016 appendix was not tendered and the police form requesting for this examination was not tendered. These omitted forms which ordinarily come with police form N0. 3 would have filled in this gap to }{ \insrsid745921\charrsid14047016 take }{\insrsid1856582\charrsid14047016 care }{\insrsid745921\charrsid14047016 of }{\insrsid1856582\charrsid14047016 the none inclusion of the date of examination.}{\insrsid10832659 \par }{\insrsid14047016\charrsid14047016 \par }{\insrsid1856582\charrsid14047016 However, the evidence of the victim and that of her mother who i s the best witness as to when she gave birth to the victim puts her age at 8 years in 2008 when the offence was committed. This court had opportunity to see the victim testify and there was no doubt from her appearance that she was below (14) fourteen y ears. It is not necessary for the prosecution to prove the exact age of the victim. It is enough to prove that the victim was below (14) fourteen years at the time of the offence. I am }{\insrsid11675674\charrsid14047016 satisfied}{ \insrsid1856582\charrsid14047016 that this element of the offence has been proved beyond reasonable doubt. \par \par The medical evidence contained in P}{\insrsid745921\charrsid14047016 .}{\insrsid1856582\charrsid14047016 1 shows that the victim\rquote s hymen was not raptured, however, the girl\rquote s Labia Majora were bruised and the bruises were }{ \insrsid14824349\charrsid14047016 at least}{\insrsid1856582\charrsid14047016 36 hours old. He stated that these bruises were consistent with force having been used sexually. (See P.1)}{\insrsid1856582 \par }{\insrsid14047016\charrsid14047016 \par }{\insrsid14824349\charrsid14047016 PW.1 PEACE PAULA the victim testified that the accused grabbed her and defiled her when she had gone to the accused person\rquote s house to fetch fire. She stated it was at 1.00 }{\insrsid12339603\charrsid14047016 pm;}{\insrsid14824349\charrsid14047016 the accused removed his shorts, pulled her clothes up, pulled out her under}{\insrsid745921\charrsid14047016 pants}{\insrsid14824349\charrsid14047016 and proceeded to have sexual intercourse with her. After the act she went home crying, she found nobody at home and did not tell anybody. By the time she told her mother, the mother had been informed by the neighbour. \par }{\insrsid1574404\charrsid14047016 PW 2 Amadrio Santa, aged 13 years, gave evidence on oath, corroborated PW 1 she knows the accused very well because they live in close neighbourhood. PW 1 went to fetch fire from the accused person\rquote s house. She saw the accused lift and carry the victim into his house, closed the door, she later saw from his window and saw him on top of the victim. He had no trouser, the victim\rquote s dress had been moved upwards towards the chest, she saw him having sexual intercourse with the victim.}{\insrsid1574404 \par }{\insrsid14047016\charrsid14047016 \par }{\insrsid13200869\charrsid14047016 PW 3}{\insrsid859534\charrsid14047016 LETIO JANE aged 18 years, she knew both the accused and the victim. By the time PW 3 went to see through the window of the accused person\rquote s house, the accused was in the process of putting on his trousers, the victim was also dressing up. This was around 1.00 pm and theref}{\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 ore there was enough light to ai}{\insrsid859534\charrsid14047016 d correct identification. PW 3 reported the incident the following day to the victim\rquote s mother.}{\insrsid1574404 \par }{\insrsid14047016\charrsid14047016 \par }{\insrsid859534\charrsid14047016 PW 4 FLORENCE LIMIO, the victim\rquote s mother testified that the victim returned from school very early the next day complaining of pain. }{\insrsid11675674\charrsid14047016 She}{\insrsid859534\charrsid14047016 was not walking normally. On being asked what was wrong she revealed ENERIKO (the accused) had sexual intercourse with her. She checked the victim and found blood coming from the victim\rquote s private parts. She started cleaning the victim\rquote s with warm water and by the time she took her for medical examination bleeding had stopped. I find that the above prosecution evidence proves that sexual intercourse took place. \par It is immaterial that the hymen was found intact because the rapture of the hymen depends on the depth of penetration. \par }{\insrsid1266200\charrsid14047016 It is trite that slightest penetration is sufficient to prove sexu}{\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 al intercourse. See }{\b\ul\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 MUZE I}{\b\ul\insrsid1266200\charrsid14047016 MANA VS UGANDA Cr. Appeal N0. 85 of 1999 (C. A) \par }{\insrsid1266200\charrsid14047016 \par The final issue to be resolved is whether the accused }{\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 person}{\insrsid1266200\charrsid14047016 partici pated. The accused person gave a defence of denial. He said that at the material time he was engaged in a casual labour job and on a daily basis}{\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 ,}{\insrsid1266200\charrsid14047016 he used to leave by 9.00 am and return by evening time. The effect of the defence is that on the material day he was not at home at 1.00 pm. This is a defence of ALIBI and the accused person has no duty to prove it. Once an accused person sets up a defence of Alibi the onus is upon the prosecution to disprove it by adducing evidence that places the accuse d at the scene }{\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 of crime }{\insrsid1266200\charrsid14047016 at the material time. \par \par I have considered the evidence of PW 1, PW 2 and PW 3 on this element of the offence of identification vis-avis the defence of ALIBI. I am }{\insrsid13200869\charrsid14047016 satisfied}{\insrsid1266200\charrsid14047016 that the prosecution evidence puts the accused person at the scene of crime and I reject the defence of ALIBI as being untrue. \par Both Assessors have advised me that the prosecution has proved all the ingredients of the offence and that the defence is false and I agree with them. I find the accused person guilty of aggravated defilement and he is convicted accordingly.}{ \insrsid140128\charrsid14047016 \par }{\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\b\insrsid11675674\charrsid14047016 \par }{\b\insrsid140128\charrsid14047016 J. W. KWESIGA \par Judge \par 4/11/2009 \par }{\b\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\b\ul\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 SENTENCING}{\b\ul\insrsid140128\charrsid14047016 \par }{\b\ul\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\b\ul\insrsid140128\charrsid14047016 State: \par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\insrsid140128\charrsid14047016 No previous record. He is a first offender. This is a very prevalent offence. It is a vice that has invaded this country. This one of disturbing cases, the convict was 50 years old. The victim was just 8 years. The age gap is very wide. He should have been protecting the victim. \par His action should be considered. This offence attracts death sentence. I pray for a death sentence. \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\b\ul\insrsid140128\charrsid14047016 Defence:- \par }{\insrsid140128\charrsid14047016 (a).\tab Accused states:- \par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\insrsid13200869\charrsid14047016 I have}{\insrsid140128\charrsid14047016 no parents my parents are dead. I am the only one alive. My brothers left children under my care. I have many dependants. I am sick, I have chain pain. I pray for lenience. \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\insrsid140128\charrsid14047016 (b).\tab }{\b\ul\insrsid140128\charrsid14047016 Defence counsel}{\insrsid140128\charrsid14047016 \par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\insrsid13200869\charrsid14047016 The}{\insrsid140128\charrsid14047016 convict has been on remand }{\insrsid1590865\charrsid14047016 for almost 1 year. He is sickly. He has responsibility of large family. Each case should be considered on its own circumstances. He has asked for forgiveness, he is remorseful. It would not serve ends of Justice to sentence him to death.}{ \insrsid140128\charrsid14047016 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\b\insrsid1590865\charrsid14047016 Court: \par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\insrsid1590865\charrsid14047016 I ha ve considered the period of 1 year the accused has spent on remand. I have considered that he is 53 years old and appears to be sickly. However the offence committed is so grave considering that the victim was such a young girl. He deprived her of h er innocence with brutality in broad day light. This offe}{\insrsid1790845\charrsid14047016 nce is so common in this region and the offenders deserve punishment.}{\insrsid1590865\charrsid14047016 \par This court has a duty to give a sentence that will teach the accused person a lesson and also to be a warning to others intending or potential defilers to take heed. I am unable to forgive the convict as he pleads because of the above. \par }{\ul\insrsid1590865\charrsid14047016 I do hereby sentence the accused person to fifteen (15) years Imprisonment}{\ul\insrsid13200869\charrsid14047016 . \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14047016 {\b\insrsid13200869\charrsid14047016 J. W. KWESIGA \par }{\b\insrsid12339603\charrsid14047016 JUDGE \par }{\b\insrsid13200869\charrsid14047016 4/11/2009}{\b\insrsid15024847\charrsid14047016 \par }}