[1995] UGHC 24

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\msmallFrac0\mdispDef1\mlMargin0\mrMargin0\mdefJc1\mwrapIndent1440\mintLim0\mnaryLim1}{\info{\title THE *LPUELIO OI UGALLA }{\author jchemeri}{\operator kgalenda}{\creatim\yr2009\mo10\dy19\hr2\min41}{\revtim\yr2010\mo1\dy13\hr11\min9}{\version5} {\edmins53}{\nofpages3}{\nofwords1061}{\nofchars4994}{\*\company JSI}{\nofcharsws6043}{\vern32859}}{\*\xmlnstbl {\xmlns1 http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2003/wordml}} \paperw11906\paperh16838\margl1440\margr1440\margt1440\margb1440\gutter0\ltrsect \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\trackmoves1\trackformatting1\donotembedsysfont0\relyonvml0\donotembedlingdata1\grfdocevents0\validatexml0\showplaceholdtext0\ignoremixedcontent0\saveinvalidxml0\showxmlerrors0\noxlattoyen \expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1440\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1\dgvshow1 \jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct \asianbrkrule\rsidroot11602926\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit \fet0{\*\wgrffmtfilter 2450}\ilfomacatclnup0\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1 \pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5 \pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12916334 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5402630 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT JINJA \par CRIMINAL SESSION CASE NO. 143/95 \par \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5402630 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 UGANDA :::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::PROSECUTION \par \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5402630 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 VERSUS \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5402630 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 \par OWINO }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid7495555\charrsid7495555 MOSES:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ACCUSED}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 \par \par BEFORE: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 THE HONOURABLE JUSTICE C. M. KATO \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5402630 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 \line JUDGMENT \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5402630 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 The accused person Moses Owino, whom I shall hereinafter refer to as the accused, is indicted for the murder of his wife Christine Naula c/s 183 of the Penal Code Act. He pleaded not guilty to the indictment. \par The case for the prosecution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 basically that on 2-9-93 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 and his wife picked a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 quarrel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 which resulted in a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 fight}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 between them. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 Neighbours}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 who included Wafula PW2 and Ogutu PW4 separated them. Late r on the accused reported to Ogutu that the woman had poisoned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 herself}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 to death. On the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 other}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 hand t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 e }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 accused denies}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 ever having killed his wife. According to him he had a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 quarrel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 with his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 wife and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 slapped her once then went }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 away to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 Ogutu\rquote s home but on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 return he found the deceased had drunk }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 some}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 medicine}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 used for spraying rice which resulted in her death. \par It is trite law that the duty is upon prosecution to prove the guilt of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 person}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 beyond reasonable doubt and that burden does not shift to the accused except in a few }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 statutory}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 Woolmington v DPP (1935) AC 462.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 It is also a cardinal principle of our law that an accused person should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 be convicted on the weakness of his defence but should be convicted on the strength of the case as proved by prosecution: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 R v Isr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 il Epuka s/o Achietu (1943) 1 EACA 166. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 In a case of murder like the one now under consideration prosecution is enjoined to prove reasonable doubt that a human being was killed, that the killing of the human being was unlawful ly caused and that the killing was with malice aforethought within the meaning of section 186 of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 Penal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 Code Act. Prosecution must further prove that the accuse}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 directly or indirectly participated in that killing. \par Prosecution adduced }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 of three witnesses who testified that a lady called Christine Naula died on the night of 2-9-93, this fact is not denied by the accused himself; this court has no reason for not believing these witnesses. I find as a fact that that a lady called Christine Naula d ied on the night of 2-9-93. \par The next point to be considered is whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 or}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 not her }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 death}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 was unlawfully }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 caused. It}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 is the case for the prosecution that the death of this human being was unlawfully caused but it is the case for the accuse}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5402630\charrsid7495555 that the deceased took away her own life. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11214495\charrsid7495555 In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 the case of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 Gusanbizi s/o Wes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11214495\charrsid7495555 onga v R (1948) EACA 65}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11214495\charrsid7495555 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 it was held that in all cases of homicide death is presumed to have been unlawfully caused } {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 unless}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 there}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 is evidence that it was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 accidental or authorised by law}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 . in the instant case the issue is whether the deceased died as a result of the beating she had received from the accused or died by deliberately poisoning herself. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 In}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 my opinion it is immaterial as to which of the two theories is correct the fact remains that death was unlawfully caused, whether it was by self }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 poisoning}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 or beating.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11214495\charrsid7495555 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 The next point to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11214495\charrsid7495555 be considered is whether or not the accused was criminally liable for the death of his wife. The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11214495\charrsid7495555 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 James}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11214495\charrsid7495555 Wafula PW3 shows that on the night before the death of the deceased he had found the accused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 quarrelling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11214495\charrsid7495555 with his wife although he did not witness the accused beating her. The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11214495\charrsid7495555 of Ogutu PW4 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 shows that he found the accused fighting his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 wife. The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 accused himself admits }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 having}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 a fight with the deceased on that night in the course of which he slapped her once; there is no doubt therefore over the fact that the accused and the deceased fought on that night. What remains to be found out is whether or not the deceased died as result of that fight or of poisoning as the defence is alleging. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7495555 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 Mr. Sanya who appeared for the defence ably argued that in the absence of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 doctor\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 evidence to establish the cause of death and in the absence of the exhibits which were used in causing the death of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 deceased}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12916334\charrsid7495555 this court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 sho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 uld }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 not proceed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 convict }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 the accused of murder and he relied on the case of: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 Uganda v. Yose}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 fu Nabenda }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 (1972)2 ULR 19. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 With due respect}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid7495555 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 agree with the line of reasoning }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 adopted by this lea}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 rned counsel. It is t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 he law that were there are two conflicting t heories as to the cause of death and in the absence of the doctors evidence to resolve the conflict it would be highly unsafe to convict an accused person of murder. In the instant case the doctor did}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 not testify although it is not t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 law that in all the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 murder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 cases doctors must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 testify }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 but this was a case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 where it was highly desirable to have the evidence of the doctor to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 resolve }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 this conflict. In his sworn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 before court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 the accused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 insisted that his wife had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 poisoned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 herself using a drug use for spraying rice. P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 W2 D/Sgt. Wande}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 ra told the court that tho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1343481\charrsid7495555 se who reported to him }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 the death of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 deceased said the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 lady had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 poisoned herself. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 PW}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 3 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 Wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 fula }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 also said that when Ogutu reported to him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 about the death }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 deceased he told him that the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 deceased had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 poisoned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 herself. These}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 2 witnesses definitely reporte}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 d the accused\rquote s story that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 the deceased }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 poisoned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 herself. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 hese circumstances I am inclined to accept the accused\rquote s story that his wife met her death by poisoning herself. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 view }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 of this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 finding I would hold that the accused was not responsible for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 the death of the }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 deceased. Considering }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 the fact howe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 ver, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 there was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 a fight }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 between the deceased}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 before she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 poisoned}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 herself, a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 fight w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 hich did not result in death of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 the deceased, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 considering}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 : the fact }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 that the accused admitt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 having }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 slapp}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 ed the deceased once I find the accused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 guilty}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 murder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 but I find }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 him guilty of common assaul}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 t as advised by one of the gentlemen }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 The accused is accordingly acquitted of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 murder}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 and convicted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 of common }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 assault under section 227 of the Penal Code Act a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 nd se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 ction 86 of TID.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 Uganda v Leo Mubyazita (1972) ULR 3 followed) \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11500496 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11500496\charrsid7495555 \par \par \par C. M. KATO \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 JUDGE \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 27\emdash 9\emdash 1995 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11602926\charrsid7495555 \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15211496 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14830933\charrsid7495555 \par }{\*\themedata 504b030414000600080000002100828abc13fa0000001c020000130000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6cac91cb6ac3301045f785fe83d0b6d8 72ba28a5d8cea249777d2cd20f18e4b12d6a8f843409c9df77ecb850ba082d74231062ce997b55ae8fe3a00e1893f354e9555e6885647de3a8abf4fbee29bbd7 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