The Constitution of India
Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc
Status: in_forceRetrieved: 2026-08-17T20:46:45.430421+00:00Release: constitutions-global-20260821-v2
have the right—
(a) to freedom of speech and expression;
(b) to assemble peaceably and without arms;
(c) to form associations or unions 1[or co-operative societies];
(d) to move freely throughout the territory of India;
(e) to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India; 2[and]
(f) 3[* * * * *]
(g) to practise any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business.
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[(2) Nothing in sub-clause (a) of clause (1) shall affect the operation of any existing
law, or prevent the State from making any law, in so far as such law imposes reasonable
restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred by the said sub-clause in the interests of
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[the sovereignty and integrity of India,] the security of the State, friendly relations with
foreign States, public order, decency or morality, or in relation to contempt of court,
defamation or incitement to an offence.]
1. Inserted by the Constitution (Ninety-seventh Amendment) Act, 2011, s. 2 (w.e.f. 8.2.2012).
2. Inserted by the Constitution (Forty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1978, s. 2 (w.e.f. 20.6.1979).
Source and rights
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- Kanon status
- succeeded
- Metadata right
- allowed_with_attribution
- Full text right
- allowed_with_attribution
- API delivery right
- allowed_with_attribution
- Public search right
- allowed_with_attribution
- Model context right
- allowed_with_attribution
Provenance
- retrievedAt
- 2026-08-17T20:46:45.430421+00:00
9 of 9 segments returned; 2 of 2 mentions.
Kanon segments
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