Sub-clause (f) omitted by the Constitution (Forty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1978, s.2 (w.e.f. 20.6.1979).

4. Substituted by the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1951, s.3, for cl.(2) (with retrospective effect). 5. Inserted by the Constitution (Sixteenth Amendment) Act, 1963, s.2 (w.e.f. 5.10.1963). 10 THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA (Part III. — Fundamental Rights) (3) Nothing in sub-clause (b) of the said clause shall affect the operation of any existing law in so far as it imposes, or prevent the State from making any law imposing, in the interests of 5[the sovereignty and integrity of India or] public order, reasonable restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred by the said sub-clause. (4) Nothing in sub-clause (c) of the said clause shall affect the operation of any existing law in so far as it imposes, or prevent the State from making any law imposing, in the interests of 1[the sovereignty and integrity of India or] public order or morality, reasonable restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred by the said sub-clause. (5) Nothing in 2[sub-clauses (d) and (e)] of the said clause shall affect the operation of any existing law in so far as it imposes, or prevent the State from making any law imposing, reasonable restrictions on the exercise of any of the rights conferred by the said sub-clauses either in the interests of the general public or for the protection of the interests of any Scheduled Tribe. (6) Nothing in sub-clause (g) of the said clause shall affect the operation of any existing law in so far as it imposes, or prevent the State from making any law imposing, in the interests of the general public, reasonable restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred by the said sub-clause, and, in particular, 3[nothing in the said sub-clause shall affect the operation of any existing law in so far as it relates to, or prevent the State from making any law relating to,— 1. Inserted by the Constitution (Sixteenth Amendment) Act, 1963, s.2 (w.e.f. 5.10.1963). 2. Substituted by the Constitution (Forty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1978, s.2 for “sub-clauses (d), (e) and (f)” (w.e.f. 20.6.1979). 3. Substituted by the Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1951, s.3, for certain words (w.e.f. 18.6.1951). ¿êÆæÿ™èþ Æ>gêÅ…Væü… 10 (¿êVæüÐ@þ¬ III.& {´ë£æþÑ$Mæü çßýMæü$PË$) (3) çܧæþÆæÿ$ M>ÏgŒý Äñý¬MæüP çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒý (¼)ÌZ E¯@þ²§óþ¨Ä¶ý¬, AÐ@þ$Ë$ÌZ E¯@þ² HO§ðþ¯é Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬, çܧæþÆæÿ$ çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒý §éÓÆ> C_a¯@þ çßýMæü$P¯@þ$ Ñ°Äñý*W…^èþ$rOò³ ™èþW¯@þ ç³ÇÑ$™èþ$˯@þ$ Ñ«¨…^èþ$¯@þO§ðþ¯@þ^ø Ð@þ$ÇĶý¬ Asìýt ç³ÇÑ$™èþ$Ë$, 5 [¿êÆæÿ™èþ§óþÔ¶ýÐ@þ¬ Äñý¬MæüP ÝëÆæÿÓ¿oÐ@þ$™èþ Ð@þ$ÇĶý¬ AQ…yæþ™èþ, ÌôýMæü] {ç³gêÔ>…†Mìü çÜ…º…«¨…_¯@þ {ç³Äñý*f¯@þÐ@þ¬Ë §æþ–ÚëtÅ Ñ«¨…^èþºyìþ¯@þ^ø, A…™èþÐóþ$ÆæÿMæü$ B Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬ Äñý¬MæüP AÐ@þ$Ë$Mæü$, çܧæþÆæÿ$ çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒýÌZ E¯@þ²§óþ¨Ä¶ý¬ {糿êÐ@þÐ@þ¬ MæüÍW…^èþ§æþ$ ÌôýMæü B Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬¯@þ$ ^óþĶý¬r ¯@þ$…yìþ D çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒýÌZ E¯@þ²§óþ¨Ä¶ý¬ {糿¶ý$™èþÓÐ@þ¬¯@þ$ °ÐéÇ…^èþ§æþ$. (4) AÐ@þ$Ë$ÌZ E¯@þ²þHO§ðþ¯é Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬¯@þ$ çܧæþÆæÿ$ M>ÏgŒý Äñý¬MæüP çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒý (íÜ) §éÓÆ> DĶý$ºyìþ¯@þ çßýMæü$P¯@þ$ Ñ°Äñý*W…^èþ$rOò³ ™èþW¯@þ ç³ÇÑ$™èþ$˯@þ$ Ñ«¨…^èþ$¯@þO§ðþ¯@þ^ø, Asìýt ç³ÇÑ$™èþ$Ë$, 1[¿êÆæÿ™èþ§óþÔ¶ýÐ@þ¬ Äñý¬MæüP ÝëÆæÿÓ¿oÐ@þ$™èþ Ð@þ$ÇĶý¬ AQ…yæþ™èþ, ÌôýMæü] {ç³gêÔ>…† ÌôýMæü O¯ðþ†Mæü™èþMæü$ çÜ…º…«¨…_¯@þ {ç³Äñý*f¯@þÐ@þ¬ §æþ–ÚëtÅ Ñ«¨…^èþºyìþ¯@þ^ø, A…™èþÐóþ$ÆæÿMæü$ B Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬ Äñý¬MæüP AÐ@þ$Ë$Mæü$ çܧæþÆæÿ$ çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒýÌZ E¯@þ²§óþ¨Ä¶ý¬ {糿êÐ@þÐ@þ¬ ^èþ*糧æþ$ ÌôýMæü B Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬ ^óþĶý¬r ¯@þ$…yìþ B çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒýÌZ E¯@þ²§óþ¨Ä¶ý¬ {糿¶ý$™èþÓÐ@þ¬¯@þ$ °ÐéÇ…^èþ§æþ$. (5) AÐ@þ$Ë$ÌZ E¯@þ² HO§ðþ¯é Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬¯@þ$, çܧæþÆæÿ$ M>ÏgŒý Äñý¬MæüP 2[ çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒýË$ (yìþ), Ð@þ$ÇĶý¬ (C)] §éÓÆ> DĶý$ºyìþ¯@þ HO§ðþ¯é çßýMæü$P¯@þ$ Ñ°Äñý*W…^èþ$rOò³ ™èþW¯@þ ç³ÇÑ$™èþ$˯@þ$ Ñ«¨…^èþ$¯@þO§ðþ¯@þ^ø, Asìýt ç³ÇÑ$™èþ$Ë$ Ý뫧éÆæÿ×ý {ç³fË Äñý¬MæüP {ç³Äñý*f¯@þÐ@þ¬ MöÆæÿMæü$ Ìôý§é HO§ðþ¯é òÙyæþ*ÅË$z gê† Äñý¬MæüP {ç³Äñý*f¯@þÐ@þ¬Ë Ææÿ„æü×ý MöÆæÿMæü$V>° Ñ«¨…^èþºyìþ¯@þ^ø, A…™èþÐóþ$ÆæÿMæü$ B Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬ Äñý¬MæüP AÐ@þ$Ë$Mæü$ çܧæþÆæÿ$ çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒýËÌZ E¯@þ²§óþ¨Ä¶ý¬ {糿êÐ@þÐ@þ¬ ^èþ*糧æþ$, ÌôýMæü B Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬¯@þ$ ^óþĶý¬r ¯@þ$…yìþ B çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒýËÌZ E¯@þ²§óþ¨Ä¶ý¬ {糿¶ý$™èþÓÐ@þ¬¯@þ$ °ÐéÇ…^èþ§æþ$. (6) AÐ@þ$Ë$ÌZ E¯@þ² HO§ðþ¯é Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬¯@þ$, çܧæþÆæÿ$ M>ÏgŒý Äñý¬MæüP çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒý (h) §éÓÆ> CÐ@þÓºyìþ¯@þ HO§ðþ¯é çßýMæü$P¯@þ$ Ñ°Äñý*W…^èþ$rOò³ ™èþW¯@þ ç³ÇÑ$™èþ$˯@þ$ Ñ«¨…^èþ$¯@þO§ðþ¯@þ^ø, Asìýt ç³ÇÑ$™èþ$Ë$ ÝëÐ@þ*¯@þÅ {ç³fË Äñý¬MæüP {ç³Äñý*f¯@þÐ@þ¬ MöÆæÿMæü$ Ñ«¨…^èþºyìþ¯@þ^ø, A…™èþÐóþ$ÆæÿMæü$ B Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬ Äñý¬MæüP AÐ@þ$Ë$Mæü$ çܧæþÆæÿ$ çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒýÌZ E¯@þ²§óþ¨Ä¶ý¬ {糿êÐ@þÐ@þ¬ ^èþ*糧æþ$, ÌôýMæü B Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬¯@þ$ ^óþĶý¬r ¯@þ$…yìþ B çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒýÌZ E¯@þ²§óþ¨Ä¶ý¬ {糿¶ý$™èþÓÐ@þ¬¯@þ$ °ÐéÇ…^èþ§æþ$, Ð@þ$ÇĶý¬ {ç³™óþÅMìü…_, AÐ@þ$Ë$ÌZ E¯@þ² Ìôý§é ^óþĶý$ºyæþ$ HO§ðþ¯é Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬, 3[D “Mìü…§æþ ™ðþÍí³¯@þ ÐésìýMìü çÜ…º…«¨…_¯@þO§ðþ¯@þ Äñý$yæþË, A…™èþ Ðóþ$ÆæÿMæü$ B Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬ Äñý¬MæüP AÐ@þ$Ë$Mæü$, çܧæþÆæÿ$ çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒýÌZ E¯@þ²§óþ¨Ä¶ý¬ {糿êÐ@þÐ@þ¬ ^èþ*糧æþ$, ÌôýMæü B Ô>çܯ@þÐ@þ¬¯@þ$ ^óþĶý¬r ¯@þ$…yìþ B çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒýÌZ E¯@þ²§óþ¨Ä¶ý¬ {糿¶ý$™èþÓÐ@þ¬¯@þ$ °ÐéÇ…^èþ§æþ$, AÐóþÐ@þ¯@þV>:& 1. Æ>gêÅ…Væü (糧æþàÆæÿÐ@þ çÜÐ@þÆæÿ×ý) ^èþrtÐ@þ¬, 1963 Äñý¬MæüP 2Ð@þ òÜ„æü¯Œþ §éÓÆ> 05.10.1963 ¯@þ$…yìþ ^öí³µ…^èþºyìþ¯@þ¨. 2. Æ>gêÅ…Væü (¯@þËO¿ñý ¯éË$VæüÐ@þ çÜÐ@þÆæÿ×ý) ^èþrtÐ@þ¬, 1978 Äñý¬MæüP 2Ð@þ òÜ„æü¯Œþ §éÓÆ> çÜ»Œý&M>ÏgŒýË$ (yìþ), (C) Ð@þ$ÇĶý¬ (G‹œ) 20.06.1979 ¯@þ$…yìþ E…^èþºyìþ¯@þÑ. 3. Æ>gêÅ…Væü (JMæürÐ@þ çÜÐ@þÆæÿ×ý) ^èþrtÐ@þ¬, 1951 Äñý¬MæüP 3Ð@þ òÜ„æü¯Œþ §éÓÆ> Mö°² 糧æþÐ@þ¬ËMæü$ º§æþ$Ë$V> 18.6.1951 ¯@þ$…yìþ E…^èþºyìþ¯@þ¨. 11 THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA (Part III. — Fundamental Rights) (i) the professional or technical qualifications necessary for practising any profession or carrying on any occupation, trade or business, or (ii) the carrying on by the State, or by a corporation owned or controlled by the State, of any trade, business, industry or service, whether to the exclusion, complete or partial, of citizens or otherwise].