44

Article 44: The economic system of the Islamic Republic of Iran is based on three sectors: state, cooperative, and private, and will be based on disciplined and correct planning. The state sector includes all the national industries, foreign trade, major mines, banking, insurance, energy sources, dams and large water irrigation networks, radio and television, post, telegraph and telephone, aviation, navigation, roads, railroads, and others which are publicly owned and under the state’s control. The cooperative sector will include corporations and cooperative institutions of production and distribution that are established in accordance with Islamic criteria in cities and villages. 13 The private sector is comprised of that sector of agriculture, animal husbandry, industry, trade, and services that complement the state and cooperative economic activities. The law of the Islamic Republic protects ownership in these three sectors as long as it agrees with the other principles described in this chapter; and it must not surpass the limits set by Islamic law. Such ownership must induce development and growth in the country’s economy; and not cause any social harm. The details of the regulations, areas, and boundaries of the three sectors will be determined by law.