(1) Subject to the following provisions of this Article and

162. (1) Subject to the following provisions of this Article and Article 163*, the existing laws shall, until repealed by the authority having power to do so under this Constitution, continue in force on and after Merdeka Day, with such modifications as may be made therein under this Article and subject to any amendments made by federal or State law. (2) Where any State law amends or repeals an existing law made by the Legislature of a State, nothing in Article 75 shall invalidate the amendment or repeal by reason only that the existing law, relating to a matter with regard to which Parliament as well as the Legislature of a State has power to make laws, is federal law as defined by Article 160. (3) References in any existing law to the Federation established by the Federation of Malaya Agreement 1948, and its territories, and to any officer holding office under that Federation or to any authority or body constituted in or for that Federation (including any references falling to be construed as such references by virtue of Clause 135 of the said Agreement) shall be construed, in relation to any time on and after Merdeka Day, as references to the Federation (that is to say, the Federation established under the Federation of Malaya Agreement 1957) and its territories and to the corresponding officer, authority or body respectively; and the Yang di-Pertuan Agong may by order declare what officer, authority or body is to be taken for the purposes of this Clause to correspond to any officer, authority or body referred to in any existing law. (4) (Repealed). (5) Any order made under Clause (4) may be amended or repealed by the authority having power to make laws with respect to the matter to which the order relates. (6) Any court or tribunal applying the provision of any existing law which has not been modified on or after Merdeka Day under this Article or otherwise may apply it with such modifications as may be necessary to bring it into accord with the provisions of this Constitution. *NOTE—This Article has been repealed by section 8 of the Constitution (Amendment) Act 1963 [Act 25/1963] w.e.f. 29 August 1963. See notes on Article 163. [Article 162] Federal Constitution 162 (7) In this Article “modification” includes amendment, adaptation and repeal.