Official source page 30

henever any person is charged with a criminal offence, he shall, unless the charge is withdrawn, be entitled to a fair hearing in public within a reasonable by a court or tribunal: - court or such a tribunal may exclude from its proceedings persons other than the parties thereto or their legal practitioners in the interest of defence, public , public order, public morality, the welfare of persons who have not attained the age of eighteen years, the protection of the private lives of the parties or t extent as it may consider necessary by reason of special circumstances in which publicity would be contrary to the interests of justice; in any proceedings before a court or such a tribunal, a Minister of the Government of the Federation or a commissioner of the government of a State satisf urt or tribunal that it would not be in the public interest for any matter to be publicly disclosed, the court or tribunal shall make arrangements for evidence ng to that matter to be heard in private and shall take such other action as may be necessary or expedient to prevent the disclosure of the matter. very person who is charged with a criminal offence shall be presumed to be innocent until he is proved guilty; ded that nothing in this section shall invalidate any law by reason only that the law imposes upon any such person the burden of proving particular facts. very person who is charged with a criminal offence shall be entitled to - informed promptly in the language that he understands and in detail of the nature of the offence; given adequate time and facilities for the preparation of his defence; fend himself in person or by legal practitioners of his own choice; amine, in person or by his legal practitioners, the witnesses called by the prosecution before any court or tribunal and obtain the attendance and carry out ination of witnesses to testify on his behalf before the court or tribunal on the same conditions as those applying to the witnesses called by the prosecution ithout payment, the assistance of an interpreter if he cannot understand the language used at the trial of the offence. hen any person is tried for any criminal offence, the court or tribunal shall keep a record of the proceedings and the accused person or any persons rised by him in that behalf shall be entitled to obtain copies of the judgement in the case within seven days of the conclusion of the case. o person shall be held to be guilty of a criminal offence on account of any act or omission that did not, at the time it took place, constitute such an offence o penalty shall be imposed for any criminal offence heavier than the penalty in force at the time the offence was committed o person who shows that he has been tried by any court of competent jurisdiction or tribunal for a criminal offence and either convicted or acquitted shall be tried for that offence or for a criminal offence having the same ingredients as that offence save upon the order of a superior court. No person who shows that he has been pardoned for a criminal offence shall again be tried for that offence. No person who is tried for a criminal offence shall be compelled to give evidence at the trial. Subject as otherwise provided by this Constitution, a person shall not be convicted of a criminal offence unless that offence is defined and the penalty or is prescribed in a written law, and in this subsection, a written law refers to an Act of the National Assembly or a Law of a State, any subsidiary ation or instrument under the provisions of a law. he privacy of citizens, their homes, correspondence, telephone conversations and telegraphic communications is hereby guaranteed and protected. Every person shall be entitled to freedom of thought, conscience and religion, including freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom (either alo community with others, and in public or in private) to manifest and propagate his religion or belief in worship, teaching, practice and observance.