Independence of judiciary

164 Independence of judiciary (1) The courts are independent and are subject only to this Constitution and the law, which they must apply impartially, expeditiously and without fear, favour or prejudice. (2) The independence, impartiality and effectiveness of the courts are central to the rule of law and democratic governance, und therefore — (a) neither the State nor any institution or agency of the government at any level, and no other person, may interfere with the functioning of the courts: (b) the State, through legislative and other measures, must assist and protect the courts to ensure their independence, impartiality, dignity. accessibility and effectiveness and to ensure that they comply with the principles set out in section 165. (3) An order or decision of a court binds the State and all persons and governmental institutions and agencies to which it applies. and must be obeyed by them. (+4) Nothing in this section is to be construed as preventing an Act of Parliament trom vesting functions other than adjudicating functions in a member of the judiciary, provided that the exercise of those functions does not compromise the independence of the judicial officer concerned in the performance of lis or her judicial functions and does not compromise the independence of the judiciary in general.