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Canada — Quebec Act or statute

Canada — Quebec legislation

Act respecting land survey

Land surveyors must follow earlier surveys made under competent authority, original township lines are deemed true, boundary markers set by a qualified surveyor are treated as true, and those markers cannot be removed…

Source excerpt

assessment apportionmentboundary linesboundary markingcost allocationdivision postsinspectionland surveyland surveyinglegal compliancelot boundarieslot divisionlot limitsmagnetic needle variationmeridian linemonumentsmunicipal applicationsmunicipal financeprofessional misconductproperty boundariesrange linesrecords managementsurvey administrationsurvey boundariessurvey costssurvey expensessurvey worksurveyingsurveying directionsurveying standardstownship surveyingvaluation
Jurisdiction
Canada — Quebec
Structure
23 provisions
Dates
Source version 10 Jun 2026
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01

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“Land surveyors must follow earlier surveys made under competent authority, original township lines are deemed true, boundary markers set by a qualified surveyor are treated as true, and those markers cannot be removed except by the competent authority.”

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02

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Section 1

Land surveyors must follow earlier surveys made under competent authority, original township lines are deemed true, boundary markers set by a qualified surveyor are treated as true, and those markers cannot be removed except by the competent authority.

Section 1

Section 7

Lot side lines in a township must be established and traced using the governing line stated in the survey instructions. For townships surveyed after 25 April 1908, this is the only permitted method.

Section 7

Section 12

If all boundary posts marking out lots on both the front and rear lines have been destroyed, the lots must be subdivided again using the original survey plan and the side lines drawn from the planted posts.

Section 12

Section 18

The local municipality’s clerk-treasurer or treasurer must pay survey expenses to the people who provided the services, but only on the certificate and order of the Surveyor-General of Québec.

Section 18

Schedule

This provision repeals chapter 263 of the Revised Statutes, 1964, effective when chapter A-22 of the Revised Statutes comes into force.

Schedule

04

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Source record from www.legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca · Source version 10 Jun 2026

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Showing 23 of 23 provisions

Provision 21SubstitutionRepeal
§ 1Section 1Provision

Source excerpt

Land surveyors must follow earlier surveys made under competent authority, original township lines are deemed true, boundary markers set by a qualified surveyor are treated as true, and those markers cannot be removed except by the competent authority.

1. A land surveyor employed to make any survey in a township shall govern himself by the surveys already made under order of the competent authority. In every surveyed township, the original lines, whether internal or external, which have been run, established or reestablished on the ground, under instructions issued by the competent authority and accepted by it, shall be and remain the true lines of such township, whether they are or are not in conformity with the lines mentioned in said instructions; and every post, boundary mark or monument planted in execution of such instructions by a duly qualified land surveyor is declared to be true, and shall not be removed except by the competent authority; and if any such lines, post, boundary or monument be obliterated, effaced, lost or removed, the reestablishment thereof shall be effected according to sections 2 to 5. By competent authority is meant Parliament, or the Government, or a court of law. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 83.
Section 1Verify source
§ 2Section 2Provision

Source excerpt

If boundary posts or marks between lots are effaced, removed, or lost, the land surveyor may administer an oath to witnesses and examine them to determine the former boundaries.

2. Whenever it happens that the posts or boundary marks between any lots or ranges of lots have been effaced, removed or lost, the land surveyor may administer the oath to witnesses and examine them for the purpose of ascertaining the former boundaries. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 84.
Section 2Verify source
§ 3Section 3Provision

Source excerpt

If former boundaries cannot be ascertained, the land surveyor must measure the true distance between the nearest undisputed posts, limits, or boundaries, divide that distance into lots matching the original survey, and give each lot a proportionate breadth.

3. If such former boundaries cannot be ascertained, the land surveyor shall measure the true distance between the nearest undisputed posts, limits or boundaries, and divide such distance into such number of lots as the same space contained in the original survey, giving to each a breadth proportionate to that intended in the original survey as shown on the plan and field notes thereof of record in the office of the Surveyor-General of Québec. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 85; 1979, c. 81, s. 20; 1994, c. 13, s. 15; 2003, c. 8, s. 6; 2006, c. 3, s. 35; 2006, c. 40, s. 5.
Section 3Verify source
§ 4Section 4Provision

Source excerpt

If part of a straight survey line has been obliterated or lost, the land surveyor must run a straight line between the nearest points that can be clearly determined and plant any required intermediate posts or boundaries.

4. If any part of any outside line, central line, concession or range line intended in the original survey to be straight has been obliterated or lost, the land surveyor shall then run a straight line between the two nearest points or places where such line can be clearly and satisfactorily ascertained, and shall plant such intermediate posts or boundaries as he may be required to plant in the line so ascertained, and the limits of each lot so ascertained shall be the true limits thereof. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 86.
Section 4Verify source
§ 5Section 5Provision

Source excerpt

A land surveyor must not reestablish outside or central lines unless authorized by the Surveyor-General of Québec and acting under the instructions given for that purpose.

5. In the case of outside or central lines, the land surveyor must not proceed to reestablish them except under the authorization of the Surveyor-General of Québec, and according to instructions given for that purpose; and, in case such operation is made upon the request of private individuals or of municipalities, the costs may be at the charges of such private individuals or of such municipalities. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 87; 2006, c. 40, s. 6.
Section 5Verify source
§ 6Section 6Provision

Source excerpt

The Government may direct a land surveyor to draw a meridian line or determine bearings between fixed points and objects.

6. The Government may, at any time, direct a land surveyor to draw a meridian line wherever it may think proper, or to determine the bearings between certain fixed points and objects, so as to enable a land surveyor thereby to ascertain the variation of the magnetic needle. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 88.
Section 6Verify source
§ 7Section 7Provision

Source excerpt

Lot side lines in a township must be established and traced using the governing line stated in the survey instructions. For townships surveyed after 25 April 1908, this is the only permitted method.

7. The side lines of lots in a township shall be established and traced on the azimuth or bearing of the lines which, in the instructions for the survey of such township, is indicated as governing the side lines in each range which it affects. This guiding line shall be either one of the outside lines of the township or a central line, or some other line, according as the side lines of the lots are shown, on official plans deposited among records of surveys, as lines parallel to one or other of such lines. This means of establishing the side lines of lots shall be the only one followed in townships surveyed after 25 April 1908 (the date of the coming into force of chapter 61 of the statutes of 1908). R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 89.
Section 7Verify source
§ 8Section 8Provision

Source excerpt

Lot side lines established before 25 April 1908 remain valid if they complied with the law then in force; in a specified township-range situation, the land surveyor must use the same division method, except as otherwise provided.

8. The side lines of the lots established before 25 April 1908, in accordance with the law in force when they were established, shall be and remain valid. Moreover when, before the said date, the side lines of one or more lots in a range of a township have been established before any other line, in accordance with the usage followed in some parts of Québec, from a post of one range to the corresponding one in the adjoining range above or below, and such lines have not been revoked by judicial authority, the land surveyor establishing the side lines of such range shall follow the same method of division in running the boundary lines of the lots remaining to be bounded in the same range. Except as aforesaid, the side lines of lots shall be established according to the provisions of section 7. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 90.
Section 8Verify source
§ 9Section 9Provision

Source excerpt

Township subdivision lines must be drawn from posts or division pickets placed on the front of each range or concession line.

9. The subdivision lines of a township shall be drawn in the manner above stated from the posts or division pickets planted or established on the front of each range or concession line. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 91.
Section 9Verify source
§ 10Section 10Provision

Source excerpt

This section defines the front of a range as the lowest range line in the township’s numbered ranges.

10. The front of a range shall be understood to be the lowest range line in the series of numbers designating the several ranges of a township: Thus the front of the first range of a township is the division line which separates it from the township, seigniory or river upon which it rests; The front of the second range is the division line between the first and second ranges; The front of the third range is the division line between the second and the third ranges, and so on. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 92.
Section 10Verify source
§ 11Section 11Substitution

Source excerpt

If a township’s first-range front has no division posts or follows a lake or watercourse shore without such posts, the relevant front line is the next range line up.

11. When, in a township, the front of the first range happens to be a line on which no division posts have been planted, or is formed by the shore of a lake or water course on which there is no such post, the front line referred to is the range line next above the first, and the side lines of the lots shall be traced from the posts planted thereon, or from those which have been lawfully substituted for them on either side, in opposite directions for the first and the second ranges, the front being common to both. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 93.
Section 11Verify source
§ 12Section 12Provision

Source excerpt

If all boundary posts marking out lots on both the front and rear lines have been destroyed, the lots must be subdivided again using the original survey plan and the side lines drawn from the planted posts.

12. If both on the front and rear lines of any range the entire series of posts marking out the lots have been destroyed, either by lapse of time or by fire or from any other cause, the subdivision of such lots shall be made anew in conformity with sections 2 and following, that is, with the official plan of the original survey, and to the side lines established and drawn from the posts so planted, as above described. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 94.
Section 12Verify source
§ 13Section 13Provision

Source excerpt

13. The side lines established as aforesaid, from the posts marking a lot on the front of a range, to the rear line of such range, shall, with the part of such latter line between the side lines and the parts of the front line between the

13. The side lines established as aforesaid, from the posts marking a lot on the front of a range, to the rear line of such range, shall, with the part of such latter line between the side lines and the parts of the front line between the said posts, form the boundaries of such lot. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 95.
Section 13Verify source
§ 14Section 14Provision

Source excerpt

A land surveyor who wilfully misleads the Surveyor-General of Québec or representatives by false information in certain inspection or valuation reports may be struck off the Ordre’s Roll.

14. Any land surveyor who, in any report of inspection or valuation respecting lands in the domain of the State, whether vacant or sold, wilfully leads into error the Surveyor-General of Québec or his representatives, by false information, shall be liable to be struck off the Roll of the Ordre des arpenteurs-géomètres du Québec. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 97; 1973, c. 61, s. 81; 1977, c. 5, s. 229; 1979, c. 81, s. 20; 1987, c. 23, s. 76; 1994, c. 13, s. 15; 1999, c. 40, s. 21; 2003, c. 8, s. 6; 2006, c. 3, s. 35; 2006, c. 40, s. 7.
Section 14Verify source
§ 15Section 15Provision

Source excerpt

A local municipal council may petition the Government to have an obliterated concession line surveyed and marked by boundaries.

15. Whereas, in several townships, some of the concession lines or parts of concession lines were not drawn at the time of the original survey performed under competent authority, and the traces or marks of some of these lines have been obliterated, and whereas owing to the want of such lines, the inhabitants of such concessions are subject to serious inconvenience; therefore the council of any local municipality in whose territory such concession is situated may, as heretofore, on application of one-half the resident property-owners in any concession, or even without such application, petition the Government, praying it to cause any such line or part of a line of such concession which has been obliterated, to be surveyed and marked by boundaries under the direction and upon the order of the Surveyor-General of Québec in the manner prescribed by this Act and at the cost of the property-owners of the concession interested. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 105; 1973, c. 61, s. 84; 1979, c. 81, s. 20; 1994, c. 13, s. 15; 1996, c. 2, s. 70; 2003, c. 8, s. 6; 2006, c. 3, s. 35; 2006, c. 40, s. 5.
Section 15Verify source
§ 16Section 16Provision

Source excerpt

The concession lines must be drawn so that adjacent concessions have a depth proportionate to the original survey.

16. The lines of such concession shall be so drawn as to leave each of the adjacent concessions of a depth proportionate to that intended in the original survey. The line so surveyed and marked shall be thereafter the permanent boundary lines of such concession, to all intents and purposes. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 106.
Section 16Verify source
§ 17Section 17Provision

Source excerpt

The council must prepare and lay before them an estimate of the sum needed for the expenses to be incurred, so that it can be levied on the property-owners in proportion to the land each holds in the concession.

17. The council shall cause to be laid before them an estimate of the sum required to defray the expenses to be incurred, in order that the same may be levied on the said property-owners in proportion to the quantity of land held by them respectively in such concession. The manner of levying such amount shall be the same as that authorized by law for any other purpose. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 107.
Section 17Verify source
§ 18Section 18Provision

Source excerpt

The local municipality’s clerk-treasurer or treasurer must pay survey expenses to the people who provided the services, but only on the certificate and order of the Surveyor-General of Québec.

18. The expenses of such surveys shall be paid, on the certificate and order of the Surveyor-General of Québec, by the clerk-treasurer or treasurer of the local municipality, to the persons who have rendered such services. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 108; 1979, c. 81, s. 20; 1994, c. 13, s. 15; 1996, c. 2, s. 71; 2003, c. 8, s. 6; 2006, c. 3, s. 35; 2006, c. 40, s. 5; 2021, c. 31, s. 132.
Section 18Verify source
§ 19Section 19Provision

Source excerpt

A local municipal council may apply to the Government for a survey and boundary planting for certain lots when the required resolution and resident-owner application conditions are met.

19. Every council of a local municipality that adopts a resolution, on application of one-half the property-owners resident in the territory of the municipality who are to be affected thereby, that it is desirable to place boundary markers at the front or at the rear, or at the front and rear angles of the lots in any concession or part of a concession or range situated in the territory of the municipality, may make application to the Government in the manner prescribed by sections 15 and following, praying it to cause a survey of such concession or range to be made and such boundaries to be planted under the authority of the Surveyor-General of Québec. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 109; 1973, c. 61, s. 85; 1974, c. 65, s. 49; 1979, c. 81, s. 20; 1994, c. 13, s. 15; 1996, c. 2, s. 72; 2003, c. 8, s. 6; 2006, c. 3, s. 35; 2006, c. 40, s. 5.
Section 19Verify source
§ 20Section 20Provision

Source excerpt

Boundary marks must meet the standards set by the board’s regulations and be planted by survey workers at specified positions on each lot.

20. The boundary marks so planted shall be in conformity with the standards enacted by the regulations of the board of directors of the Ordre des arpenteurs-géomètres du Québec, and be planted, by those employed in the survey, in front or in rear or at the front and rear angles of each lot; and the limits of each lot so ascertained and marked are deemed to be the true limits thereof. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 110; 1973, c. 61, s. 86; 1977, c. 5, s. 229; 1999, c. 40, s. 21; 2008, c. 11, s. 212.
Section 20Verify source
§ 21Section 21Provision

Source excerpt

Survey costs must be paid in the manner set out in section 18.

21. The costs of survey shall be defrayed in the manner prescribed in section 18. R. S. 1964, c. 263, s. 111.
Section 21Verify source
§ 22Section 22Provision

Source excerpt

Section 22 ceased to have effect on 17 April 1987.

22. (This section ceased to have effect on 17 April 1987). 1982, c. 21, s. 1; U. K., 1982, c. 11, Sch. B, Part I, s. 33.
Section 22Verify source
§ —ScheduleRepeal

Source excerpt

This provision repeals chapter 263 of the Revised Statutes, 1964, effective when chapter A-22 of the Revised Statutes comes into force.

In accordance with section 17 of the Act respecting the consolidation of the statutes (chapter R-3), chapter 263 of the Revised Statutes, 1964, in force on 31 December 1977, is repealed effective from the coming into force of chapter A-22 of the Revised Statutes.
ScheduleVerify source

Legislative relationships

2 referenced instruments

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N–S

2 instruments

  • Revised Statutes comes into force. In accordance with section 17 of the Act

    Section Schedule

  • Surveyor-General of Québec in the manner prescribed by this Act

    Section 15

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  • 10 Jun 2026 · currentEnglish

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