Lag om statens pensioner

This is a chapter heading for the law’s purpose and scope.

This section states that state employees have rights to old-age pension, part-time pension, rehabilitation, and disability pension, and a worker’s beneficiary has a right to family pension.

This section defines key terms used in the law, including service, employee, several pension-related terms, EU social security regulations, and EU/EEA country.

The Act applies to state employees and to certain contract-based work by natural persons; some non-state workers may have pension security under the Act if another law expressly says so.

Pension accrues under this law for service, but the law does not apply to several excluded categories.

Workers covered by this Act may be given better-than-statutory pension security, as determined by the Ministry of Finance. For employees of a state enterprise, exceptional pension security may be arranged on the enterprise’s proposal.

Työntekijällä on oikeus siirtää tämän lain mukainen eläkeoikeutensa Euroopan yhteisöihin lain 165/1999 mukaisesti.

If an arrangement seems designed to evade pension accrual or pension-contribution duties, the matter must be assessed by its real nature and purpose. If there is uncertainty about whether the law applies to a worker, or if evasion is suspected, the municipal pension institution decides the matter.

Työntekijällä on oikeus jäädä vanhuuseläkkeelle 63–68 vuoden iän täyttämistä seuraavan kalenterikuukauden alusta, ja aikaisemmin, jos eroamisikä on saavutettu.

A worker may apply for an old-age pension to start no earlier than the month after turning 60, if the worker has a right to pension below age 63 under the cited Nordic agreement. The pension is reduced by 0.6% for each month it is paid before the month after turning 63.

If an old-age pension starts at the beginning of the month after the person turns 63–68, the pension equals the pension earned by then. If the pension is deferred past the month after age 68, it increases by 0.4% for each deferred month.

Old-age pension starts from the beginning of the next calendar month after the worker meets the age requirement and ends the service basis for the pension; deferred old-age pension starts the month after application.

A worker may apply to end old-age pension if the worker has been granted rehabilitation allowance for temporary incapacity expected to continue after age 63.

A worker may be entitled to an old-age pension under this Act if the listed pre-1995 pension condition is met and the worker's service under this Act does not continue.

61–67-vuotias osa-aikatyöhön siirtynyt työntekijä voi saada osa-aikaeläkkeen, jos tietyt ansio-, työaika- ja poissaoloehdot täyttyvät.

Part-time pension is 50% of the difference between established earnings and part-time work earnings under the earnings pension laws.

The maximum part-time pension is 75% of the pension accrued by the start of part-time pension, with adjustments if a primary benefit under sections 73 or 74 is deducted or changes.

Part-time pension starts at the beginning of the month after the worker meets the conditions in 14 §, but it is not granted retroactively for more than six months before the month after the application.

Part-time pension recipients must notify the municipal pension institution about certain changes and events.

The part-time pension amount must be adjusted if the recipient’s part-time earnings change permanently and significantly, or if the recipient later becomes entitled to part-time pension under another earnings-related pension law.

Part-time pension payments are suspended when temporary changes mean the eligibility conditions are no longer met, and payment can later resume when the conditions are met again.

A part-time pension ends when the worker no longer meets the stated entitlement conditions, but it can also end retroactively. If the pension has been ended, the worker has a right to receive it again once the conditions are met.

If a worker receiving part-time pension is granted disability pension or old-age pension for the same period, the part-time pension is treated as a partial payment of that pension.

If a part-time pension recipient turns 68 without applying for an old-age pension, the part-time pension is converted into an old-age pension equal to the part-time pension amount.

Alle 63-vuotiaalla työntekijällä on oikeus saada tarkoituksenmukaista ammatillista kuntoutusta, jos tietyt sairauteen, ansioihin ja muihin kuntoutusoikeuksiin liittyvät ehdot täyttyvät.

Työntekijällä on oltava kuntoutussuunnitelma ennen ammatillisen kuntoutuksen aloittamista; kunnallinen eläkelaitos voi tukea suunnitelman laatimista.

In certain rehabilitation work trials, work coaching, and work training, compensation for accidents or occupational disease is paid from state funds, and Valtiokonttori handles the matter at first instance.

In certain work-rehabilitation placements, a participant who is not employed by the organizer is entitled to compensation from state funds for an accident or occupational disease, and Valtiokonttori handles the matter in the first instance.

A worker is entitled to rehabilitation allowance for months when vocational rehabilitation prevents work, fully or partly.

If a worker earns more than half of their established earnings during vocational rehabilitation, the rehabilitation allowance is set at half of the allowance referred to in section 27.

Työkyvyttömyyseläkkeen saaja saa kuntoutuskorotuksen ammatillisen kuntoutuksen ajalta, mutta ei kuntoutusrahaa 27 §:n nojalla.

Työntekijälle voidaan myöntää kuntoutusavustusta tietyissä kuntoutuksen välivaiheissa ja kuntoutussuunnitelman laatimista varten.

A rehabilitation increment paid to a rehabilitation benefit or disability pension recipient can be stopped if the recipient refuses vocational rehabilitation or interrupts it without a valid reason.

Kuntoutusraha ja -korotus voidaan maksaa alle kuukauden ajalta, ja tietyt säännöt koskevat niiden saajia sekä takaisinperintää.

Työntekijällä on oikeus saada työkyvyttömyyseläke heikentyneen työkyvyn perusteella 63 vuoden iän täyttämiseen saakka; eläke voidaan myöntää toistaiseksi tai määräajaksi kuntoutustukena.

Työntekijällä voi olla oikeus työkyvyttömyyseläkkeeseen, jos työkyvyttömyys kestää vähintään vuoden ja muut pykälässä kuvatut edellytykset täyttyvät.

Työntekijällä voi olla oikeus työkyvyttömyyseläkkeeseen tietyissä tilanteissa, ja etuus myönnetään täytenä tai osana sen mukaan kuin perusteena oleva eläke on myönnetty.

Before deciding on a disability pension, the pension institution must check the worker’s right to rehabilitation and whether rehabilitation under other laws has been examined. If the worker has that right, it must issue a preliminary decision on rehabilitation.

Full disability pension equals earned pension up to the end of the year before the pension event plus the future-time pension part under section 55. Partial disability pension is half of the full disability pension.

Full disability pension starts no earlier than the month after the sickness-allowance priority period ends, subject to specific earlier-start exceptions.

Partial disability pension starts at the beginning of the month after the pension event.

Työkyvyttömyyseläkettä ei yleensä makseta takautuvasti yli kuudelta kuukaudelta ennen hakukuukautta ilman pätevää syytä, ja joiltakin samalta ajalta maksetuilta etuuksilta maksu estyy tai sitä sovitetaan.

Työntekijällä voi olla oikeus kuntoutustukeen määräajaksi, jos työkyky on heikentynyt vähintään vuodeksi. Kunnallisen eläkelaitoksen on varmistettava hoito- tai kuntoutussuunnitelma, ja tuki voidaan myöntää myös suunnitelman valmistelun ajaksi.

Työkyvyttömyyseläkkeen saajan on ilmoitettava kunnalliselle eläkelaitokselle, jos työkyky palautuu, hän aloittaa ansiotyön tai kuntoutus keskeytyy.

If the municipal pension institution has reason to think a disability pension recipient has regained work ability, the recipient must attend an examination as ordered. The institution must also pay reasonable costs for the examination and any necessary travel.

A disability pension entitlement must be reviewed if the recipient’s work ability changes, either on the recipient’s application or on the municipal pension institution’s initiative.

If a worker’s work ability changes and the new condition is expected to last at least one year, a full disability pension must be changed to a partial disability pension, or a partial disability pension must be changed to a full disability pension.

A disability pension ends from the start of the calendar month after the recipient’s work ability has recovered enough that they no longer meet the pension conditions.

Työkyvyttömyyseläkkeen maksaminen voidaan keskeyttää tietyissä tilanteissa, kuten jos eläkkeensaaja tekee ansiotyötä, kieltäytyy määrättyyn tutkimukseen osallistumisesta ilman hyväksyttävää syytä, ei toimita tutkimustuloksia ajoissa tai kieltäytyy kuntoutuksesta tai koulutuksesta ilman pätevää syytä.

A disability pension may be cancelled, adjusted, or suspended retroactively for up to two years.

A disability pension converts to an old-age pension from the month after the recipient turns 63, or earlier if a lower retirement age applies; in public service, no later than retirement age. Employees may claim pension accrued from work done during or after disability pension periods when the stated conditions are met.

If a disability pension or vocational rehabilitation application is rejected, the municipal pension institution must inform the worker about other rehabilitation options and guide them to suitable rehabilitation or services.

Pension accrues from certain work earnings, unpaid periods, and the period of a disability pension, but not from work earnings in the year disability begins if future time has already been counted under section 55.

Pension accrues at different percentages of annual pensionable earnings depending on the worker’s age.

Pension accrues at 1.5% of the income basis referred to in section 62 for each calendar year of unpaid time.

When disability pension is calculated, the worker may be entitled to pension for the future-time period if the earnings condition is met.

Pension accrues at 1.5% of the annual earnings earned while receiving a disability pension, old-age pension, or an equivalent foreign pension.

If a worker later gets a new old-age or disability pension, the time spent on the earlier disability pension counts toward the new pension, with earnings calculated from the ended disability pension’s future-time earnings.

Osa-aikaeläkkeen aikana tehdystä osa-aikatyöstä sekä tietyistä osa-aikatyön aikaisiin palkattomiin aikoihin liittyvistä etuuksista karttuu eläkettä.

For pension basis calculations, salary or other compensation paid or agreed for work is counted as pensionable earnings, including when paid by a bankruptcy estate, wage security authority, or another substitute payer.

If a worker is sent from Finland to work abroad, the pensionable earnings are the pay that would be paid in Finland for comparable work; if there is no comparable work in Finland, the earnings are the pay otherwise considered equivalent.

When calculating pension earnings, each year’s wages are reduced by an amount equal to the employee pension contribution confirmed for that year.

Unpaid periods can count toward pension if the employee has enough insured earnings, and several benefit-based incomes are credited at specified percentages.

The provision sets how a worker’s future-time pension earnings are calculated from past earnings and certain benefit-based incomes.

A worker may ask that earnings reduced because of care for a child under three be treated as unchanged for pension calculation, if the reduction would affect the pension by at least 20%.

If a worker has certain earnings only in the year the disability starts or the year before, future-time earnings are calculated by also counting earnings up to the end of the disability month. For workers disabled before the end of the year they turn 23, the review period starts from the month after turning 18 and ends at the disability month.

If future time is counted under more than one employee pension law, the future-time earnings under this law are allocated proportionally to this law’s share of the relevant earnings.

If a worker’s disability pension or old-age pension starts within two years of the end of a rehabilitation allowance or earlier disability pension, the pension is calculated as if the disability had started earlier.

A foreign pension or similar benefit is deducted from this law’s pension when it relates to the same earnings and the State has contributed to its costs.

This section sets when a worker’s pension accrues for the pension event year and explains exceptions to the normal calculation.

The Ministry of Social Affairs and Health annually confirms the wage coefficient, which is used to adjust the income limits and monetary amounts set in this law.

A disability pension or rehabilitation support is increased with a lump-sum increment after five calendar years, based on the worker’s benefit amount and age at the start of the increase year.

Pensions earned before old-age or disability pension starts are adjusted using a life expectancy coefficient, with specific rules for the year the pension starts.

The pension is reduced by certain primary benefits, but not if the benefit event happened before 2004.

A pension must be adjusted when a related primary benefit or another earnings-related pension is granted or changes, unless a stated exception applies.

This section says the pension under this Act is adjusted every calendar year as provided in section 98 of the Employees’ Pensions Act.

Employees’ beneficiaries may receive a family pension after the employee’s death if an application is made and the employee had a pension right under this Act or was already receiving one.

Perhe-eläkkeen edunsaajia ovat leski, entinen puoliso ja lapset. Eläke maksetaan leskeneläkkeenä ja lapseneläkkeenä. Henkilöllä, joka on tahallaan aiheuttanut edunjättäjän kuoleman rikoksella, ei ole oikeutta perhe-eläkkeeseen.

A widow may be entitled to a widow’s pension if the marriage and child/age conditions in this section are met, but some cases remove that entitlement or bar a new family pension.

An ex-spouse may be entitled to widow’s pension if the deceased was under a final court decision or an approved agreement obliged to pay maintenance periodically.

A child under 18 may have a right to a child pension if the deceased person was the child’s parent, or if the child lived in the same household as the deceased and the spouse. A child pension is generally paid first after the child’s own parent, and it cannot be paid for more than two deceased persons at the same time.

Family pension is calculated from the deceased person's old-age pension or full disability pension, with certain additions and exclusions, and a lump-sum increase may be added after five calendar years in some cases.

The widow’s family pension is set as a fraction of the pension basis, and former spouses’ family pensions are calculated from that amount and reduced if a widow also receives benefits.

The total child pension is set as a fraction of the family pension basis, depending on how many children there are, and the total is split equally among the children entitled to it.

Family pension amounts and the split between beneficiaries must be checked again when the number of beneficiaries changes.

Survivor pension is reduced by certain primary benefits, and the amount is recalculated if the beneficiary later receives a comparable survivor pension or earnings-related pension under labour pension laws.

Leskeneläkettä vähennetään yleensä työeläkkeiden perusteella, mutta vähennys alkaa vasta määräaikana ja tietyissä tilanteissa myöhemmin.

Widow’s pension is reduced if the widow’s work pensions exceed the reduction basis, and the reduction is 50% of the excess.

Widow’s pension may be reduced at the widow’s request if specified income and benefits are low enough, and the pension must be reviewed when circumstances change or when certain pensions start.

Family pension starts from the beginning of the month after the deceased person’s death, or for a child born after death, from the beginning of the month after the child’s birth.

If the deceased’s death cannot be proved but is likely due to drowning, another accident, or a comparable cause, family pension may be granted for a fixed period.

Widow’s pension recipients must notify the municipal pension institution if they marry; adoptive parents must notify it if a child receiving child pension is adopted by someone other than the deceased’s widow or spouse.

Widow’s pension ends if the widow remarries before age 50. Child pension ends when the child turns 18, or if the child is adopted by someone other than the deceased’s widow or the widow’s new spouse.

If a widow’s pension is terminated under section 92(1), a lump sum equal to three years’ pension must be paid.

If a beneficiary is entitled to a family pension based on the employer’s insurance, the family pension under this Act is reduced by the part treated as financed by the State.

This section defines “sotilas” for this chapter and says the chapter’s rules apply to a soldier unless the chapter says otherwise.

Sotilaalla voi olla oikeus vanhuuseläkkeeseen tietyin ikä-, palvelus- ja ansioedellytyksin; sotilaalla ei ole oikeutta osa-aikaeläkkeeseen.

For soldiers, pensionable earnings are calculated only from the earnings referred to in section 98, and final salary is based on up to ten preceding calendar years with some unpaid-interruption years excluded on application.

Soldiers accrue pension at 2% a year from pensionable earnings; certain pilots accrue 3% a year.

A soldier’s pension under this chapter may not exceed 60% of the final pay used for this chapter.

An application for pension must be filed with the municipal pension institution using the prescribed form, and the application must include the evidence needed to decide the case.

Työkyvyttömyyseläkkeen hakijan on toimitettava kunnalliselle eläkelaitokselle lääkärinlausunto, osallistuttava määrättyyn tutkimukseen ja eläkelaitoksen on maksettava tutkimuksesta aiheutuvat kustannukset.

A close relative or other primary caregiver approved by the municipal pension institution may apply for the worker’s pension and act on the worker’s behalf if the worker cannot do so and has no guardian.

A pension application is treated as filed on the day it arrives at the listed pension institution, the Finnish Centre for Pensions, or an authorized agent.

Kunnallisen eläkelaitoksen on ratkaistava eläkehakemus viivytyksettä, kun tarvittavat selvitykset on saatu, ja annettava päätös tiedoksi joko kirjeellä ilmoitettuun postiosoitteeseen tai sähköisen asioinnin lain mukaisesti.

One or more licensed doctors must help prepare disability, rehabilitation, and other medical-question matters in a municipal pension institution. The institution’s doctor may also record their opinion in documents without following the formal requirements for medical certificates and statements in section 23 of the Health Care Professionals Act.

The municipal pension institution may issue advance rulings on pension-age and related pension-earning questions, and the ruling must be followed when the pension decision is made if the pension is granted under the same rules; refusal to issue the ruling cannot be appealed.

Työntekijällä on oikeus saada ennakkopäätös osatyökyvyttömyyseläkkeen tai työeläkekuntoutuksen edellytysten täyttymisestä, ja kunnallinen eläkelaitos antaa päätöksen tietyissä toimivaltaehdoissa.

Kunnallinen eläkelaitos may give an employee advance information about probable retirement age, accrued pension amount, or another pension-right matter based on the employee’s service up to that time.

This section says the rules on the last pension institution in a pension matter under this Act are found in Chapter 7 of the Municipal Pension Act.

Kunnallinen eläkelaitos voi periä tai hyvittää eläkekustannukset korkoineen ja saa tarvittaessa periä tai suorittaa ennakkoa.

Pension is paid monthly through the pension recipient’s named bank in Finland; it may also be paid to an overseas account, and an advance may be paid on request if the case is delayed for reasons beyond the applicant’s control.

Pension payment starts the month after the right arises, ends at the end of the month when the right ends, and the municipal pension institution may suspend, reduce, or terminate payment in certain cases.

The municipal pension institution may pay certain small pensions as a lump sum, subject to amount limits and notice/non-objection rules.

If a pension payment is delayed, the municipal pension institution must pay the delayed pension with late-payment increase.

Eläkkeen korotusta aletaan yleensä laskea vasta viivästyksen aikana, mutta aikaisintaan kolmen kuukauden kuluttua hakukuukauden päättymisestä, ellei muutoksenhakuelin määrää myöhempää alkua.

Kunnallinen eläkelaitos maksaa takautuvan eläkkeen hakemuksesta työnantajalle tai sairauskassalle tietyissä päällekkäistilanteissa, enintään maksetun palkan määrään asti.

Certain pensions or rehabilitation benefits must be paid to the sickness insurance fund to the extent they match sickness allowance already paid for the same period.

Kunnallisen eläkelaitoksen on tietyissä tilanteissa maksettava takautuva eläke työttömyyskassalle tai Kansaneläkelaitokselle heidän vaatimuksestaan.

Kunnallisen eläkelaitoksen on pyydettäessä maksettava eläke tietyissä tilanteissa kunnalle, kuntayhtymälle tai sosiaalihuollon toimielimelle.

Eläke maksetaan tässä pykälässä tarkoitetuissa tapauksissa vain, jos eläkkeen maksamista koskeva vaatimus on tehty kunnalliselle eläkelaitokselle vähintään kaksi viikkoa ennen eläkkeen maksupäivää.

Municipal pension institution may, with the pension recipient’s consent and under stated conditions, pay the pension to the recipient’s municipality social welfare body for care use; the pension may not be used for other purposes without consent.

If a pension must be paid to someone other than the pension recipient and several authorities or other bodies have a right to it, the payment must be made in the listed priority order.

Pensions under this Act may not be transferred to another person, and agreements to pledge them are invalid. Cost compensation payable under this Act may not be distrained.

Jos työntekijällä on oikeus tiettyihin vakuutus- tai kuntoutusetuuksiin, kunnallinen eläkelaitos voi maksaa tämän lain mukaisen eläkkeen täysimääräisenä, kunnes kyseisen etuuden määrä on lopullisesti ratkaistu.

Pension claims expire five years after the day the pension should have been paid, unless limitation is interrupted before then.

If a pension has been overpaid, the municipal pension institution must recover the overpaid amount; it may waive recovery in full or in part in some cases.

Kunnallinen eläkelaitos may recover an overpaid pension by set-off from future pension instalments, and without the pension recipient’s consent it may deduct at most one sixth of the relevant instalment after tax withholding.

Pension security under this law is paid from the state budget.

Certain public-sector employers must pay the employer pension contribution, and the municipal pension institution handles collection-related tasks.

Certain covered employees and officeholders must pay the employee pension contribution, and employers must withhold it from wages when paying them.

Työnantaja voi pidättää työntekijän eläkemaksun takautuvasti tietyissä tilanteissa.

Kunnallisen eläkelaitoksen on määrättävä eläkemaksu maksettavaksi 5 vuoden kuluessa eräpäivästä; takautuvien yli 5 vuotta vanhojen eläkkeeseen oikeuttavien työansioiden osalta määräaika on 10 vuotta.

Municipal pension contributions and default interest determined under this law are directly enforceable.

If an employer has improperly withheld an employee’s pension contribution, the employer must return it to the employee when the employee requests it.

A refund of an wrongly paid pension contribution becomes time-barred after five years from the employer contribution payment date or the employee withholding date, unless the limitation period is interrupted earlier.

If an employer fails to pay the pension contribution on time, the employer must pay late interest at the rate referred to in section 4(1) of the Interest Act.

Kunnallinen eläkelaitos is responsible for implementing state pension security, paying certain extra pensions from state funds, and deciding some extra-pension applications.

The Ministry of Social Affairs and Health has a state pension advisory council, and the ministry appoints its members for three-year terms.

A committee sits under the Municipal Pension Institution to monitor and guide work ability assessment and vocational rehabilitation.

Employees and pension applicants have a right to give and receive information about pension security under this law, subject to Chapter 11 of the Municipal Pensions Act.

A worker who has worked in two or more EU/EEA countries and applies for a national pension may request a decision on the amount of theoretical pension used in the pension calculation. Appeals and removal of final decisions are governed by the municipal pension law.

This section sets the law’s entry-into-force rules and allows preparatory implementation steps before commencement.