Domstolslag

Courts must send a reasoned proposal about which applicants should be appointed to the Ministry of Justice for presentation to the Government or the President. The Insurance Court may also, if needed, hear the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health before sending a proposal about appointing its medical members.

Courts must submit a reasoned appointment proposal to the Ministry of Justice, and the Insurance Court must hear the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health before sending its proposal for appointing medical members.

Administrative court expert members must meet category-specific qualification requirements.

Administrative court expert members must meet specified qualification requirements depending on the type of case.

The provision sets qualification requirements for two Supreme Administrative Court expert member roles.

Two KHO expert councillor roles have qualification requirements: a suitable higher university degree in engineering or natural sciences, plus familiarity with tasks in the relevant legislation area; and for the chief engineer councillor role, a suitable higher university degree in engineering plus familiarity with patent matters.

Market Court expert members must have a suitable higher university degree and relevant subject-matter expertise for the type of cases they handle.

A market court expert member must have a suitable higher university degree and subject-matter expertise for the type of cases they handle.

If an expert member is qualified for one case in a proceeding, they are also qualified for other cases handled in that same proceeding.

If the Market Court hears different categories of cases in the same proceeding, an expert member who is eligible for one case may also participate in the other cases in that proceeding.

Certain Labour Court expert members must meet specified qualification requirements.

Työtuomioistuimen asiantuntijajäsenillä on tietyt kelpoisuusvaatimukset: tietyillä jäsenillä vaaditaan tietty oikeustieteen ylempi korkeakoulututkinto ja perehtyneisyys työoloihin, ja muilla asiantuntijajäsenillä on oltava perehtyneisyyttä työ- tai virkasuhteisiin.

The Labour Court must ask the listed bodies for nomination proposals before making its appointment proposal.

The labor court must ask specified organizations for proposals before appointing expert members, and the proposals must meet minimum candidate and consent requirements.

Vakuutusoikeuden lääkärijäsenen on oltava laillistettu lääkäri, ja osa muista asiantuntijajäsenistä on tunnettava työoloja tai yritystoiminnan olosuhteita sekä osa sotilasvamma-asioita.

The Insurance Court’s medical member must be a licensed physician, and some of the other expert members must know working conditions or business conditions, while some must know war injury matters.

Vakuutusoikeus must request nominations for expert members before making its proposal, and nominated lists must include enough candidates plus a consent statement.

Vakuutusoikeus must ask for proposals before making an appointment proposal, and the proposals must include enough candidates and proof of consent.

This section sets language-skill eligibility rules for certain expert members and one physician member in Finnish administrative courts and related courts.

Expert members may be appointed only if they meet the specified language-skill requirements.

A person proposed for an expert-member role must give the court a conflict-of-interest disclosure before appointment and while serving.

A person proposed for an expert member role must give the court a disclosure of interests before appointment and while serving.

Asiantuntijajäsenellä on oikeus jatkaa tehtävässään toisessa tuomioistuimessa, jos tehtävät siirtyvät sinne tuomioistuinten uudelleenjärjestelyssä.

If an expert member’s duties are transferred to another court during a reorganization, the expert member has the right to continue in that role at the new court.

Expert members may be given a written warning and may be suspended from their duties.

Expert members may be given a written warning and may be suspended from their duties.

An expert member’s health may be checked if needed, following the State Civil Servants Act, and the rule on a judge’s dismissal due to incapacity also applies to expert members.

An expert member’s health may be examined when needed, following the rules in the State Civil Servants Act 19 §, and the rule on a judge’s resignation on the basis of disability also applies to an expert member.

If an expert member no longer has the required doctor or specialist-doctor qualification rights, the court must remove them from the task or bar them from serving for a set period, and the member must be heard before removal.

If an expert member no longer has the required medical authorization, the competent court must remove them from office or temporarily stop them from performing the role, and the person must be heard first.

Asiantuntijajäsenelle maksetaan valtion varoista kohtuullinen palkkio ja korvaus, ja Tuomioistuinvirasto vahvistaa niiden perusteet ja määrät.

An expert member is paid a reasonable fee and compensation from state funds, and the Ministry of Justice sets the bases and amounts.

Some courts may have fixed-term assessor posts for training, the appointment is for three years, and it may be extended by up to two years for special reasons.

Assessor posts in certain courts may be fixed-term training posts, appointed for three years and extended for up to two more years for special reasons.

A person may be appointed as an Asessori if they meet the requirements in 10 chapter 1 §, have at least three years of specified legal experience, and pass an examination on key judicial rules and principles.

A person may be appointed as an assessor only if they meet the listed qualification requirements, have at least three years’ relevant legal work experience, and pass an exam on key rules and general principles for judicial work.

A court panel may include only one asessor; an asessor may not sit on a panel in a case about a judge’s official misconduct, but may act as the court’s chair.

An assessor may serve as a court chairperson, but may not serve on a panel in a case about a judge’s misconduct.

Asessorin on osallistuttava toimikautensa aikana tuomarikoulutuslautakunnan suunnittelemaan koulutusohjelmaan oman henkilökohtaisen opintosuunnitelmansa mukaisesti.

Asessorin on osallistuttava toimikautensa aikana tuomarikoulutuslautakunnan suunnittelemaan koulutusohjelmaan henkilökohtaisen opintosuunnitelmansa mukaisesti.

The chief judge may, for a justified reason, allow an assistant judge to suspend a training program, and the suspended program may later be completed. A court with the assistant judge’s office may also appoint the assistant judge, on application and without opening the job for applications, for a fixed term matching the unfinished term under paragraph 1.

Päällikkötuomari voi perustellusta syystä antaa asessorille luvan keskeyttää koulutusohjelman.

Asessorin on oltava tehtävässä vähintään kolme vuotta ennen lopputyötä tai loppukoetta, ja tuomarinkoulutuslautakunta järjestää kokeen.

Asessorin on, after three years in the post, complete a final paper or exam. The judicial training board organizes the exam and may grant the title “tuomarikoulutettu” on application to those who pass the training program and the final paper or exam.

Tuomioistuimissa on tässä pykälässä luetellut esittelijät ja valmistelijat; hallinto-oikeudessa voi lisäksi olla notaariesittelijöitä, ja esittelijä voi tietyissä tilanteissa toimia asian valmistelijana.

Courts have rapporteurs and preparers in the roles listed here; administrative courts may also have notaries as rapporteurs.

The competent court appoints the presenters and preparers.

Asianomainen tuomioistuin nimittää esittelijät ja valmistelijat.

This section sets qualification requirements for certain court rapporteurs, a labour court rapporteur, and a notary office, including education, experience, familiarity with employment matters, and language-proficiency rules.

Section 3 sets qualification requirements for certain judicial rapporteurs, preparers, and a notary office, including specific education, experience, and language-skill requirements.

Court trainee clerks (käräjänotaarit) in district, appeal, and administrative courts participate in handling and deciding cases under the judicial training act.

Käräjänotaarit toimivat käräjäoikeudessa, hovioikeudessa ja hallinto-oikeudessa, osallistuvat lainkäyttöasioiden käsittelyyn ja ratkaisemiseen sekä noudattavat tuomioistuinharjoittelua koskevaa lakia.

A court may have certain administrative posts and other staff, and the relevant court appoints the officials and hires the employment-based staff.

Tuomioistuin may have certain leadership posts and other staff, and the relevant court appoints or engages them.

Käräjäoikeuden laamanni ja päällikkötuomari voivat kirjallisesti määrätä tietyt kansliahenkilökunnan jäsenet hoitamaan rajattuja lainkäyttötehtäviä, jos laissa mainitut edellytykset täyttyvät. Ennen tehtäviin ryhtymistä henkilön on myös annettava tuomarin vakuutusta vastaava vakuutus.

Käräjäoikeuden laamanni ja päällikkötuomari voivat kirjallisesti määrätä tietyt kansliahenkilöstön jäsenet hoitamaan useita tuomioistuimen ratkaisu- ja valmistelutehtäviä, jos henkilöllä on vaadittu koulutus, vakuutus ja riittävä taito.

Asianomainen tuomioistuin päättää tässä luvussa tarkoitetun virkasuhteisen henkilöstön virkavapaudesta.

Asianomainen tuomioistuin päättää tässä luvussa tarkoitetun virkasuhteisen henkilöstön virkavapaudesta.

Tuomioistuimen esittelijän ja valmistelijan sivutoimiin sovelletaan samoja säännöksiä kuin tuomarin sivutoimiin.

Tuomioistuimen esittelijän ja valmistelijan sivutoimiin sovelletaan samoja 9 luvun 5–7 §:n säännöksiä kuin tuomarin sivutoimiin.

The rules on judge training in section 9 chapter 4 also apply to court referendaries and preparers.

The rules on judge training in section 9(4) also apply to court referendaries and preparers.

Tuomioistuinvirasto exists to support court operating conditions and the development, planning, and support of court operations; it is an independent agency.

The Judicial Appointments Board must prepare appointments to judicial offices, and the Government appoints the Board for five-year terms.

Tuomioistuinviraston on hoidettava tuomioistuinten hallintoa, rahoitukseen liittyviä ehdotuksia ja jakamista, toimitiloja, tietojärjestelmiä, koulutusta, henkilöstöasioita, viestintätukea ja kehittämistehtäviä.

The judicial selection board is set up after the listed courts, bar association, prosecutor and ministry have appointed their members and deputies.

Tuomioistuinviraston must consider court independence and the constitutional tasks and status of the supreme courts in its activities.

This section sets a nomination procedure: the Ministry of Justice must consult certain academic units before one nomination, the Supreme Court and Supreme Administrative Court must notify the Ministry about vacancies and their nominations, and the Ministry must request certain nominations from the Finnish Bar Association and the Prosecutor General.

Tuomioistuinviraston on annettava korkeimmalle oikeudelle ja korkeimmalle hallinto-oikeudelle tilaisuus lausua tietyistä talousarvio- ja muista periaatteellisesti merkittävistä asioista, ja ylimpien tuomioistuinten kannanotot on toimitettava oikeusministeriölle.

Valtioneuvosto myöntää eron lautakunnan jäsenelle ja varajäsenelle.

Tuomioistuinvirastolla on johtokunta ja ylijohtaja.

The Judicial Appointments Board may make decisions only when the chair or vice-chair is present and at least eight other members or alternate members are present.

Johtokunta is the Tuomioistuinvirasto’s top decision-making body and it has broad powers over strategy, budgeting, allocation of funds, oversight principles, major contracts, appointments, work rules, and other important decisions.

The Judicial Appointments Board must have a secretary, may have part-time presenters and other staff, and the secretary and part-time presenters must meet specific qualification requirements.

The Government appoints the Judicial Administration Board for five-year terms from candidates proposed under section 8. Certain elected or government office holders may not serve on the board.

The board may issue more detailed rules in its approved work order on the office, staff, work organisation, and handling of matters in the appointment board.

This provision sets out who must nominate candidates for the Judicial Administration Board and when the Ministry of Justice must request those nominations.

The Judicial Training Board must carry out training planning, organize certain examinations and application procedures, issue instructions to courts, give opinions on selected persons when requested, and grant specified titles and rights.

Johtokunta must choose a chair from among its members and, as its rules of procedure provide, one or more vice chairs.

Valtioneuvosto appoints the Judicial Training Board for five years at a time, and the board must be composed as specified in the section.

The board is quorate when at least four members or deputy members are present, decisions are made by majority, and a tie is resolved by the chairperson’s vote.

The judge training board may be set up only after the listed bodies have appointed their required members and deputy members.

Ylijohtaja johtaa Tuomioistuinvirastoa, ratkaisee hänelle kuuluvat asiat ja voi ottaa asian itse ratkaistavakseen.

The Government grants resignation to a board member or deputy member, and a replacement is appointed for the rest of the term using the procedure stated earlier.

Tuomioistuinvirastossa voi olla muuta henkilöstöä työjärjestyksen mukaan, ja ylijohtaja tai muu viraston henkilöstöön kuuluva voi nimittää tai ottaa palvelukseen muuta virka- tai työsopimussuhteista henkilöstöä työjärjestyksen mukaisesti.

The Tuomarinkoulutuslautakunta is quorate only if the chairperson or vice chairperson is present, together with at least five other members or deputy members, and at least three other judges.

More detailed rules on the Finnish Judicial Administration Agency’s operations, organization, staff, work arrangements, and handling of matters are set out in the work order.

The board must appoint a secretary. The secretary prepares and presents matters to the board, handles organization of the board’s other work, and must meet qualification requirements. The board may also have other staff hired by the secretary.

The judicial appointments committee prepares judicial vacancies for filling, and the Government appoints the committee for five years at a time.

The board may approve rules of procedure that set more detailed rules for the office, staff, work arrangements, and handling of matters.

The Judicial Selection Board is set up after the listed courts, associations, prosecutors, and the Ministry of Justice have each named their members and alternates.

Säännös määrää, mikä tuomioistuin käsittelee tiettyjä tuomioistuimen jäseniä ja virkamiehiä koskevia virkarikossyytteitä.

This provision sets nomination steps: candidate numbers must be double the posts, the Ministry of Justice must consult legal research and teaching units before a certain nomination, the Supreme Court and Supreme Administrative Court must notify vacancies and their appointees to the Ministry, and the Ministry must request nominations from the Bar Association and the Prosecutor General for some posts.

A person may appeal a side-service-permit court decision to the Supreme Administrative Court, and certain Supreme Court or Supreme Administrative Court decisions are appealed to the relevant court sitting in plenary.

Valtioneuvosto voi myöntää eron lautakunnan jäsenelle ja varajäsenelle, ja eroavan jäsenen tilalle nimetään seuraaja jäljellä olevaksi toimikaudeksi.

This provision allows an appeal against a written warning decision and requires the appeal court process to be handled urgently.

The Judicial Appointments Board is quorate only when the chair or vice-chair is present and at least eight other members or deputy members are present.

Virantoimituksesta pidättämistä koskevasta päätöksestä saa hakea muutosta valittamalla, ja asia on käsiteltävä muutoksenhakutuomioistuimessa kiireellisesti.

The Judicial Appointments Board must have a secretary, may also have part-time presenters, and the board appoints them for a fixed term.

It allows an appeal to the Supreme Court against the specified court decision, requires the appeal court to treat the case as urgent, and says the decision must be followed unless the appeal court orders otherwise.

The board may adopt detailed working-order rules on the office, personnel, work organization, and handling of matters.

An appeal against a decision releasing an expert member from duty may be taken to the Supreme Administrative Court, the case must be handled urgently, and the decision applies despite the appeal unless the court orders otherwise.

The Tuomarinkoulutuslautakunta must plan, organize, guide, and decide on several judicial training and selection matters.

Some exam-grading decisions may be corrected within 14 days of notice, and certain further appeals are barred.

Valtioneuvosto asettaa Tuomarinkoulutuslautakunnan viideksi vuodeksi kerrallaan, ja tuomarijäsenten on edustettava eri tuomioistuimia tasapuolisesti; vähintään yhden heistä on oltava päällikkötuomari.

This section says the law enters into force on 1 January 2017.

Tuomarinkoulutuslautakunta asetetaan vasta, kun tietyt jäsen- ja varajäsennimitykset on tehty.

This section repeals the listed laws.

Valtioneuvosto myöntää eron lautakunnan jäsenelle ja varajäsenelle.

This section says the listed decrees remain in force.

The Judicial Training Board is decision-making only when the chair or vice chair is present, along with at least five other members or deputy members, and at least three other judges.

Section 4 sets transitional rules for chief judges, including how pre-commencement appointments are treated and when a chief judge may transfer to another judge post.

The board must have a secretary, may also have part-time referendary rapporteurs, and the secretary and rapporteurs must prepare and present matters and meet qualification requirements.

Siirtymäsäännös muuttaa yhden korkeimman hallinto-oikeuden nimikkeen ja antaa tietyille virkaan nimitetyille tuomareille oikeuden toimia johtamistaitoa vaativassa tehtävässä.

The board may set more detailed rules in its approved working order.

This transitional provision changes several court-related job titles when the law enters into force and keeps certain pre-existing cases or appointments functioning under the old rules.

This section assigns office-crime charge cases involving court members and court officials to specific courts.

If another law refers to a provision that was in force when this Act entered into force, the corresponding provision of this Act applies instead.

A decision on a side-business permit may be appealed to the administrative court; decisions of the Supreme Court and Supreme Administrative Court are appealed to the relevant court in plenary session. The decision must be followed during the appeal unless the appellate court orders otherwise.

A written warning decision may be appealed to the administrative court, and the appeal must be filed within 30 days of notice.

Valitus virantoimituksesta pidättämistä koskevasta päätöksestä tehdään hallinto-oikeuteen, ja tuomioistuimen on toimitettava asiakirjat muutoksenhakutuomioistuimeen viivytyksettä.

The decision may be appealed to the Supreme Court, the appeal court must treat the case as urgent, and the Court of Appeal decision remains in force unless the appeal court decides otherwise.

An appeal against the specified decision may be filed to the administrative court, the court must handle it urgently, and the decision remains enforceable unless the appellate court orders otherwise.

Tietyistä kokeiden arvostelua koskevista päätöksistä voi pyytää oikaisua 14 päivän kuluessa tiedoksisaannista. Oikaisuvaatimukseen annettuun päätökseen ei saa hakea muutosta valittamalla. Muista tuomarinkoulutuslautakunnan päätöksistä voi valittaa hallinto-oikeuteen, mutta hallinto-oikeuden päätökseen ei saa hakea muutosta valittamalla.

Certain appointment and assignment decisions cannot be appealed by complaint, and some Supreme Court/Supreme Administrative Court administrative decisions must be appealed within 30 days of notice.

A decision made by the Tuomioistuinvirasto under Chapter 19 a may be subject to rectification, and a decision given on that rectification request may be appealed to the administrative court.

Appeals to the administrative court follow the rules in the Act on Judicial Procedure in Administrative Matters, unless this Act says otherwise.

This section says the law enters into force on 1 January 2017.

This section repeals seven listed Finnish laws.

The listed decrees remain in force.

This section sets transition rules for chief judges, including when old rules apply, when a chief judge is treated as resigned, and when transfer to another judge post is allowed.

Certain judges keep or gain transitional titles and related roles when the law enters into force.

Tämä pykälä vaihtaa eräiden tuomioistuinten henkilöstön nimikkeitä ja säätää siirtymäjärjestelyistä ennen lain voimaantuloa nimitetyille henkilöille.

This section replaces old legal references with the corresponding provision in this law and contains commencement/transitional rules for later amendments.