Private Tenancies Act (Northern Ireland) 2022

Private Tenancies Act (Northern Ireland) 2022 An Act to amend the law relating to private tenancies. BE IT ENACTED by being passed by the Northern Ireland Assembly and assented to by Her Majesty as follows: The 2006 Order is amended in accordance with subsections (2) to (4). In Part 2, after the italic heading “Particulars relating to the tenancy, etc.” insert— This Article applies where a private tenancy of a dwelling-house is granted on or after the date on which section 1 of the Private Tenancies Act (Northern Ireland) 2022 comes into operation. The landlord under the tenancy must, within 28 days after the date on which the tenancy is granted, give to the tenant a notice— in the prescribed form, and containing the prescribed particulars and other prescribed information relating to the tenancy. A tenant must not be required to make a payment in respect of any notice under paragraph (2). A landlord who fails to comply with paragraph (2) is guilty of an offence under this Order. This Article applies where, on or after the date on which section 1 of the Private Tenancies Act (Northern Ireland) 2022 comes into operation, a prescribed term of a private tenancy of a dwelling-house is varied; and it applies regardless of the date on which the tenancy was granted. The landlord under the tenancy must, within 28 days after the date on which the term of the tenancy is varied, give to the tenant a notice— containing the prescribed information relating to the variation of the term. In paragraphs (1) and (2) “varied” includes varied by omission. If a landlord is convicted of an offence under Article 4A(4) or 4B(5), and the failure continues for more than 14 days after the conviction, the landlord is deemed to have committed a further offence under that paragraph in respect of that failure. Paragraph (3) applies where— a landlord fails to comply with Article 4A(2) or 4B(2), the landlord is given a fixed penalty notice under Article 68A in respect of an offence under Article 4A(4) or 4B(5) on the grounds of that failure, and the landlord pays the fixed penalty stated in the notice. If the failure to comply with Article 4A(2) or 4B(2) continues for more than 14 days after the landlord pays the fixed penalty, the landlord is guilty of an offence under this Order. In Article 68(1) (prosecution and punishment of offences), after “Article” insert “4A(4), 4B(5), 4C(3),”. In Article 68A (fixed penalty for certain offences)— in paragraph (1), after “has committed” insert— an offence under Article 4A(4) or 4B(5), except one deemed to have been committed by virtue of Article 4C(1); an offence under Article 4C(3); in paragraph (8), after “under Article” insert “4A(4), 4B(5), 4C(3),”. Omit section 1 of the Housing (Amendment) Act (Northern Ireland) 2011. Schedule 1 provides for the giving of notice regarding certain matters to the tenants of dwelling-houses that are let under a private tenancy on the date on which section 1 comes into operation— where the tenancy was granted on or after 30 June 2011 but before the date on which section 1 comes into operation; where certain terms of the tenancy were varied on or after 30 June 2011 but before the date on which section 1 comes into operation. The 2006 Order is amended as follows. For Article 5 substitute— This Article applies where the tenant of a dwelling-house makes to the landlord in cash— any payment in consideration of the grant, renewal or continuance of a private tenancy, or any payment in satisfaction (or part satisfaction) of an obligation arising under a private tenancy. The landlord must provide the tenant with a written receipt for the payment stating— the date of payment; what the payment was for; the amount paid; if any amount remains outstanding, that amount; if no further amount remains outstanding, that fact. Where a tenant pays a single sum consisting of two or more payments— the duty in paragraph (2)(c) includes a duty to state how the sum paid is apportioned between each payment, and sub-paragraphs (d) and (e) of that paragraph apply in respect of each payment. Where, in the case of any payment within paragraph (1)(b), it is not possible for the person giving the receipt to state with certainty the amount that was required to satisfy the obligation in question, sub-paragraphs (d) and (e) of paragraph (2) require the matters mentioned in them to be stated to the best of that person’s knowledge and belief. The receipt must be provided— at the time the payment is made, or if that is not possible, as soon as reasonably possible after that time. A tenant must not be required to make a payment in respect of the provision of the receipt. In the event of a failure to comply with paragraph (2) or (5), the following are guilty of an offence under this Order— the landlord, and any person appointed by the landlord to provide the receipt. (But see Article 5ZB for a defence to this offence.) In this Article— “landlord” includes a former landlord and (in a case falling within paragraph (1)(a)) a prospective landlord; “tenant” includes a former tenant and (in a case falling within paragraph (1)(a)) a prospective tenant. If a landlord is convicted of an offence under Article 5(7)(a) in respect of a failure to comply with Article 5(2), and the failure continues for more than 14 days after the conviction, the landlord is deemed to have committed a further offence under Article 5(7)(a) in respect of that failure. a landlord fails to comply with Article 5(2), the landlord is given a fixed penalty notice under Article 68A in respect of an offence under Article 5(7)(a) on the grounds of that failure, and If the failure to comply with Article 5(2) continues for more than 14 days after the landlord pays the fixed penalty, the landlord is guilty of an offence under this Order. In this Article “landlord” has the meaning given by Article 5(8). This Article applies where, in the case of a controlled tenancy (within the meaning given by Article 40(4)), a payment in cash was made in respect of rent for the tenancy. If— a person is charged with an offence under Article 5(7) and a qualifying receipt was provided in accordance with Article 5(5), or a person is charged with an offence under Article 5ZA(3) and a qualifying receipt was provided at any time before the end of the period of 14 days mentioned in Article 5ZA(3) (including before the fixed penalty notice was given), paragraph (6) applies. A receipt is a qualifying receipt for the purposes of paragraph (2) if— it complies with Article 5(2)(a), (b) and (c), it complies with Article 5(2)(d) and (e) in respect of any payment, other than the rent, that was included in the sum paid, and either condition A or condition B is met. Condition A is that— after the cash payment, no further amount in respect of rent in fact remained outstanding, the receipt stated that there was an amount outstanding, and that amount consists wholly of a sum that is irrecoverable by virtue of Article 50(1). Condition B is that— after the cash payment, an amount in respect of rent in fact remained outstanding (“the true arrears”), the receipt stated as outstanding an amount that was more than the true arrears, and the difference between the stated amount and the true arrears consists wholly of a sum that is irrecoverable by virtue of Article 50(1). It is a defence to the offence under Article 5(7) or (as the case may be) Article 5ZA(3) for the person charged to prove that the landlord (or former landlord) had a bona fide claim that the sum mentioned in paragraph (4)(c) or (5)(c) was recoverable. In Article 50 (tenancies subject to rent control: rent in excess of limit to be irrecoverable), after paragraph (3) insert— In paragraph (2) “similar document” does not include a receipt under Article 5(2). In Article 66(1)(a) (service on an agent named in the rent book deemed to be service on the landlord), for “the rent book” substitute “a rent book”. In Article 68(1) (prosecution and punishment of offences), for “5(4)” substitute “5(7), 5ZA(3)”. in paragraph (1), after sub-paragraph (zb) (as inserted by section 1), insert— an offence under Article 5(7), except one deemed to have been committed by virtue of Article 5ZA(1); an offence under Article 5ZA(3); in paragraph (8), after “4C(3),” (as inserted by section 1) insert “5(7), 5ZA(3),”. After Article 5ZB (as inserted by section 3) insert— A person (A) must not— require the payment by another person of a tenancy deposit in connection with a private tenancy, or require that the person to whom a tenancy deposit would otherwise be repaid (B) consent to the retention of a deposit (by A or a third person) in connection with a private tenancy, that is in excess of the amount of 1 month’s rent payable under the tenancy. For the purposes of paragraph (1)(b), A requires that B consent to the retention of a deposit if— a tenancy deposit is paid (at any time) in connection with a private tenancy (“the first tenancy”), a person proposes to grant, or has granted, a private tenancy of that or another dwelling-house (whether to the tenant of the first tenancy or to another person), and A requires that B consent to some or all of the deposit continuing to be held, on or after the ending of the first tenancy, in connection with the new tenancy. “1 month’s rent payable under the tenancy”, where the rent under a private tenancy is not payable monthly, means— where the rent under the tenancy is payable for periods of whole months, the rent for a period divided by the number of months in the period; where the rent is payable for periods determined otherwise than by reference to whole months, the rent attributable to 1 day’s letting under the tenancy multiplied by 30. A person who contravenes paragraph (1) is guilty of an offence under this Order. Where a person— is convicted of an offence under paragraph (4), and has received or, as the case may be, retained a tenancy deposit in excess of the amount of 1 month’s rent payable under the tenancy, the court may order the excess to be repaid to the person who paid it. “tenancy deposit”, in relation to a private tenancy, means any money intended to be held (by the landlord or otherwise) as security for— the performance of any obligations of the tenant arising under or in connection with the tenancy, or the discharge of any liability of the tenant so arising; “money” means money in the form of cash or otherwise. A tenancy deposit in relation to a private tenancy that has not been paid is irrecoverable to the extent that it exceeds the amount of 1 month’s rent payable under the tenancy (and this is so despite anything in any agreement). Where, in connection with a private tenancy— a tenancy deposit has been paid or retained (as defined in paragraph (3)), and at the time of payment or retention, or at any time thereafter, the deposit exceeds the amount of 1 month’s rent payable under the tenancy, the excess is recoverable by the person who paid it. For the purposes of paragraph (2), if— a private tenancy is granted of that or another dwelling-house (whether to the tenant of the first tenancy or to another person) or (where the first tenancy is a protected tenancy) a statutory tenancy comes into existence, and on or after the ending of the first tenancy, some or all of the deposit continues to be held in connection with the new tenancy, the deposit is retained in connection with the new tenancy. In this Article “1 month’s rent payable under the tenancy” and “tenancy deposit” have the same meaning as in Article 5ZC. In Article 68(1) (prosecution and punishment of offences), after “5ZA(3)” (as inserted by section 3) insert “, 5ZC(4)”. in paragraph (1), after sub-paragraph (zd) (as inserted by section 3) insert— an offence under Article 5ZC(4); in paragraph (8), after “5ZA(3),” (as inserted by section 3) insert “5ZC(4),”. The following provisions (inserted by subsection (2)) have effect as follows— Article 5ZC(1)(a) prohibits the making of a requirement within that sub-paragraph on or after the commencement date; Article 5ZC(1)(b) prohibits the making of a requirement within that sub-paragraph on or after the commencement date, regardless of the date on which the deposit was paid or the date on which the first tenancy ends; Article 5ZD(1) does not prevent the recovery of a tenancy deposit under a legal obligation that existed before the commencement date (whether that obligation accrues before or after that date); Article 5ZD(2) has effect in relation to tenancy deposits that are paid on or after the commencement date except where the deposit was required to be paid under or in connection with a legal obligation that existed before the commencement date (whether that obligation accrues before or after that date); Article 5ZD(2) has effect in relation to tenancy deposits that are retained on or after the commencement date except where the deposit was liable to be retained under or in connection with a legal right that existed before the commencement date (whether that right accrues before or after that date). In subsection (5) “commencement date” means the date on which this section comes into operation. In Article 5B of the 2006 Order (requirements relating to tenancy deposits)— in paragraph (3), for “14 days” substitute “28 days”; in paragraph (6)(b), for “28 days” substitute “35 days”. In Article 5B of the 2006 Order (requirements relating to tenancy deposits), after paragraph (11) insert— A person who commits an offence by failing to comply with the requirements of paragraph (3) or (6) continues to commit the offence throughout any period during which the failure continues. After Article 5B insert— This Article applies in relation to private tenancies. The Department may by regulations do either or both of the following regarding the rent payable under private tenancies in relation to which this Article applies— provide that, for a prescribed period, the rent is, or may not exceed, a prescribed proportion of the rent that would be payable apart from the regulations; provide that, for a prescribed period, the rent is, or may not exceed, the rent that was payable on a prescribed date, or during an earlier prescribed period. Regulations under paragraph (2) may not— specify, for the purposes of sub-paragraph (a) of that paragraph, a proportion that is less than 90%; provide for any limitation, or any series of limitations, to last for longer than 4 years in relation to any particular tenancy. Regulations under paragraph (2) may in particular— provide for how the rent that would be payable apart from the regulations is to be determined; provide that— the prescribed date for the purposes of sub-paragraph (b) of that paragraph, or the earlier prescribed period for those purposes, is a date, or a period, that falls before the date on which the Private Tenancies Act (Northern Ireland) 2022 was passed; provide for different limitations to apply to the same tenancy for different periods; provide for exceptions in relation to tenancies of prescribed descriptions, or make different provision in relation to tenancies of different descriptions; make further or consequential provision in relation to the limitations, including provision amending any statutory provision (within the meaning given by section 1(f) of the Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954); make such other consequential, supplementary, transitory or transitional provision, or such savings, as the Department considers appropriate. Tenancies may be described for the purposes of paragraph (4)(d) by reference to (among other things)— the amount of rent payable under the tenancy; the area within which the dwelling-house in question is situated; whether the tenant is in receipt of housing benefit or any other benefit payable under a statutory provision (within the meaning given by section 1(f) of the Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954). The Department must consult the following persons as to whether to exercise the powers conferred by paragraph (2)— district councils, such persons as appear to it to be representative of landlords, such persons as appear to it to be representative of tenants, and such other persons as it considers appropriate (which may include landlords or tenants). The Department must prepare a report on the consultation and— lay the report before the Assembly, and publish it in such manner as the Department considers appropriate. The Department must lay and publish the report under paragraph (7) before the end of the period of 6 months beginning with the day on which the Private Tenancies Act (Northern Ireland) 2022 receives Royal Assent. If the Department does not make regulations under paragraph (2) before the end of the period of 12 months beginning with the date on which it lays the report under paragraph (7), this Article ceases to have effect at the end of that period. This Article applies to any private tenancy except a controlled tenancy (within the meaning given by Article 40(4)). The rent payable under a tenancy to which this Article applies may not be increased— within the period of 12 months beginning with the date on which the tenancy is granted, or within the period of 12 months beginning with the date on which the last increase took effect; but this is subject to regulations under paragraph (3). The Department may by regulations specify circumstances in which paragraph (2) does not apply. Circumstances specified under paragraph (3) may include, in particular, circumstances in which the dwelling-house let under the tenancy is renovated, refurbished, altered or extended. The Department may by regulations amend paragraph (2)(a) or (b) so as to substitute, for the period that is for the time being specified there, a period that is 12 months or more but not more than 2 years. The rent payable under a tenancy to which this Article applies may not be increased unless the landlord gives written notice complying with paragraphs (3) to (5). The notice must specify— the date on which the increase in the rent will take effect, and the rent that will be payable after the increase. The date specified under paragraph (3)(a) must be not less than 3 months after the date on which the notice is given to the tenant. The notice must— contain such other information, and be in such form, as may be prescribed. In Article 72 (provisions concerning regulations)— in paragraph (3), after “5A,” insert “5C, 5D(3) or (5),”; after paragraph (4) insert— Before laying a draft of regulations under Article 5D(5) before the Assembly, the Department must consult— such persons as the Department considers appropriate (which may include landlords or tenants). After Article 11 insert— The provisions set out in Articles 11B to 11F apply in relation to— any private tenancy of a dwelling-house granted on or after the date on which section 8 of the Private Tenancies Act (Northern Ireland) 2022 comes into operation, and any private tenancy of a dwelling-house granted before the date on which section 8 of the Private Tenancies Act (Northern Ireland) 2022 comes into operation (but only from the prescribed date). For the purposes of paragraph (1)(b), a statutory tenancy is to be treated as if it were a private tenancy granted before the commencement of section 8 of the Private Tenancies Act (Northern Ireland) 2022 (regardless of when the dwelling-house in question became subject to the statutory tenancy). The landlord under a private tenancy must keep in repair and in proper working order— sufficient appliances for detecting fire or smoke, and for giving warning in the event that they are detected, and sufficient appliances for detecting whether carbon monoxide is present at levels that are harmful to people, and for giving warning if it is. The Department may by regulations set minimum standards for the purpose of determining whether the duties under paragraph (1) have been complied with. The standards that may be set under paragraph (2) include standards as to the number, type and condition of appliances that should be installed in circumstances specified in the regulations. A landlord who fails to comply with a duty under paragraph (1) is guilty of an offence under this Order. The tenant under a private tenancy— must take proper care of the appliances installed for the purposes of Article 11B as a good tenant; must make good any damage to those appliances wilfully or negligently done or caused by the tenant, by any tenant of his or hers or by any other person lawfully living in or lawfully visiting the premises. Where a dwelling-house let under a private tenancy consists of a part of a building, the duties imposed on the landlord by Article 11B may require the landlord to position appliances in a part or parts of the building not comprised in the tenancy. The duties imposed on the landlord by Article 11B do not require the landlord to carry out works or repairs for which the tenant is liable by virtue of Article 11C. A landlord is not under a duty to carry out works by virtue of Article 11B unless the landlord has actual knowledge (whether because of notice given by the tenant or otherwise) of the need for those works In Article 68(1) (prosecution and punishment of offences), after “5ZC(4),” (as inserted by section 4) insert “11B(4),”. Article 68A (fixed penalty for certain offences) is amended as follows. In paragraph (1)— at the end of sub-paragraph (a), omit “or”; after that sub-paragraph insert— an offence under Article 11B(4); In paragraph (8), after “5B(10)” insert “, 11B(4)”. Schedule 2 contains amendments to the 2006 Order enabling the Department for Communities to make regulations concerning the energy efficiency of dwelling-houses let under a private tenancy. Schedule 3 contains amendments to the 2006 Order enabling the Department for Communities to make regulations concerning electrical safety standards in dwelling-houses let under a private tenancy. The 2006 Order is amended in accordance with subsections (2) to (7). Article 14 (length of notice to quit) is amended in accordance with subsections (3) to (5). For paragraph (1) substitute— A notice by a landlord to quit a dwelling-house let under a private tenancy is not valid unless— it is in the prescribed form and contains the prescribed information, and it is given not less than the relevant period before the date on which it is to take effect. For paragraphs (1A) and (2) substitute— For the purposes of paragraph (1) the relevant period is— 8 weeks, if the tenancy has not been in existence for more than 12 months; 4 months, if the tenancy has been in existence for more than 12 months but not for more than 3 years; 6 months, if the tenancy has been in existence for more than 3 years but not for more than 8 years; and 7 months, if the tenancy has been in existence for more than 8 year but this is subject to regulations made under paragraph (5). Paragraph (1) applies whether the private tenancy was granted before or after the commencement of this Order. The Department may by regulations amend any sub-paragraph of paragraph (1A) so as to provide a different relevant period. Regulations under paragraph (3) may provide that the relevant period is different in different cases within a particular sub-paragraph of paragraph (1A) described by reference to the period for which the tenancy has been in existence. (But this is without prejudice to the application of section 17(5) of the Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954.) The Department may by regulations provide that, in cases falling within the circumstances set out in paragraph (6), the relevant period for the purposes of paragraph (1) is as prescribed in the regulations. The circumstances are— the tenant is in substantial arrears of rent; the tenant, or a member of the tenant’s household, has engaged in serious anti-social behaviour in, or in the locality of, the dwelling-house; the tenant, or a member of the tenant’s household, is convicted of a relevant criminal offence. (But see paragraph (9) for provision regarding other circumstances.) Regulations under paragraph (5)— may make provision that applies to all cases that fall within a sub-paragraph of paragraph (6) and, for that purpose, may make provision about the meaning of any expression used in that sub-paragraph; may make provision that applies to cases of a prescribed description that fall within a sub-paragraph of paragraph (6); may provide that the relevant period is different in different cases that fall within a sub-paragraph of paragraph (6) described by reference to the period for which the tenancy has been in existence; may make provision about the evidence to be provided to show that a case falls within a sub-paragraph of paragraph (6) or within a prescribed description. (But sub-paragraphs (a) to (c) are without prejudice to the application of section 17(5) of the Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954.) The Department— may not make regulations under paragraph (5) that come into operation before the end of the emergency period within the meaning of section 1(2) of the Private Tenancies (Coronavirus Modifications) Act (Northern Ireland) 2020, but must make regulations under paragraph (5) that come into operation before the end of the period of 2 years beginning with the date on which this Act receives Royal Assent. The Department may by regulations amend paragraph (6) so as to add to the list of circumstances set out in it. Amendments made by virtue of regulations under paragraph (3), and provision made by regulations under paragraph (5), do not apply in relation to a notice to quit given before the date on which the regulations come into operation. At the end of the heading to the Article add “: by landlords”. After Article 14 insert— A notice by a tenant to quit a dwelling-house let under a private tenancy is not valid unless— it is given in writing, and 4 weeks, if the tenancy has not been in existence for more than 10 years; 12 weeks, if the tenancy has been in existence for more than 10 years. Paragraph (1) applies regardless of the date on which the private tenancy was granted. The Department may by regulations amend paragraph (2) so as to provide that, in relation to a tenancy in existence for more than 12 months but not more than 10 years, the relevant period is a period that is more than 4 weeks but not more than 12 weeks. Regulations under paragraph (4) may provide that the relevant period is different in different cases within that paragraph described by reference to the period for which the tenancy has been in existence. Any amendment made by virtue of regulations under paragraph (4) does not apply in relation to a notice to quit given before the date on which the amendment comes into operation. in paragraph (3), after “5D(3) or (5),” (as inserted by section 7) insert “14, 14A,”; in paragraph (5) (as inserted by section 7), after “Article 5D(5)” insert “, 14 or 14A”. In consequence of subsections (3) and (4), omit section 3 of the Housing (Amendment) Act (Northern Ireland) 2011. At any time before the coming into operation of sub-paragraph (a) of Article 14(1) (as inserted by subsection (3)), paragraph (1) of that Article has effect as if, before sub-paragraph (b), there were inserted— At any time before the coming into operation of the paragraph (1A) of Article 14 that is inserted by subsection (4), that Article has effect as if, before paragraph (2), there were inserted— 4 weeks, if the tenancy has not been in existence for more than 12 months; 8 weeks, if the tenancy has been in existence for more than 12 months but not for more than 10 years; The amendments made by this section do not apply in relation to a notice to quit given before the date on which this section comes into operation. The Department for Communities may by regulations make provision for the purpose of ensuring that, when a private tenancy of a dwelling-house is granted, the tenant is given options as to the method of payment of rent and other sums due in respect of the tenancy. Regulations under subsection (1) may in particular— impose duties on prospective landlords to provide specified information or documents before the terms of a tenancy are agreed; require that tenancy agreements, or proposed tenancy agreements, contain specified terms or (if they are in writing) that they be in a specified form; specify methods of payment that must or must not be offered by a prospective landlord, or that may or must not be agreed by the parties, for the purposes of payment of rent or other sums due in respect of a tenancy; make provision as to the rights of tenants or landlords to vary any term of the tenancy as to the method of payment (including provision restricting or excluding any such right); make provision as to the consequences of a failure to accept, or a failure to tender, payment by a method agreed under a tenancy (including provision as to whether or not the tenant is to be regarded as being in arrears); make provision as to the consequences of a breach of a prohibition imposed by the regulations or a failure to comply with a requirement imposed by them (including provision that creates offences); amend any statutory provision (within the meaning given by section 1(f) of the Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954); make such consequential, supplementary, transitory or transitional provision, or such savings, as the Department considers appropriate. In subsection (2), “specified” means specified in the regulations. Any offence created by virtue of subsection (2)(f)— is not to be triable on indictment or punishable with imprisonment; is not to be punishable with a fine exceeding level 4 on the standard scale. The Department must consult the following persons as to whether to exercise the power conferred by subsection (1)— The Department must lay and publish the report under subsection (6) before the end of the period of 18 months beginning with the day on which this Act receives Royal Assent. The Department may not make regulations under subsection (1) unless a draft of the regulations has been laid before, and approved by a resolution of, the Assembly. In this Act “the 2006 Order” means the Private Tenancies (Northern Ireland) Order 2006. The following provisions come into operation on the day after the day on which this Act receives Royal Assent— sections 12 and 13; this section; and section 15. The following provisions come into operation on the day after the day on which this Act receives Royal Assent insofar as they confer power to make regulations— section 1; section 2 and Schedule 1; section 7; section 8; section 9 and Schedule 2; section 10 and Schedule 3; and section 11, except in so far as it confers a power to make regulations under Article 14(3) of the 2006 Order (as inserted by subsection (4) of that section). Subsections (4) and (5) apply to the provisions of section 11, except⁠— the provisions of that section commenced by subsection (2)(g), subsection (3) of that section in so far as it inserts sub-paragraph (a) into Article 14(1) of the 2006 Order, and subsection (4) of that section in so far as it substitutes paragraph (1A) of Article 14 of the 2006 Order and inserts paragraphs (3) and (4) into that Article. The provisions to which this subsection applies come into operation on the day after the day on which this Act receives Royal Assent. But if (apart from this subsection) those provisions would come into operation before the end of the emergency period within the meaning of section 1(2) of the Private Tenancies (Coronavirus Modifications) Act (Northern Ireland) 2020 they come into operation at the end of that period. Section 11(4), in so far as it substitutes paragraph (1A) of Article 14 of the 2006 Order and inserts paragraphs (3) and (4) into that Article, comes into operation on the coming into operation of the first regulations made under Article 14(5) of the 2006 Order (as inserted by section 11(4)). The other provisions of this Act come into operation on such day or days as the Department for Communities may by order appoint. An order under this section may make such transitory or transitional provision, or savings, as the Department for Communities considers appropriate. This Act may be cited as the Private Tenancies Act (Northern Ireland) 2022. This paragraph applies where— a private tenancy of a dwelling-house was granted on or after 30 June 2011 but before the commencement date; and the dwelling-house is let under that tenancy on the commencement date. The landlord under the tenancy must, within 28 days after the commencement date, give to the tenant a notice— Where a landlord has, between the granting of the tenancy and the commencement date, given the tenant a notice that substantially meets the requirements of sub-paragraph (2), the landlord is to be regarded as having complied with that sub-paragraph. A tenant must not be required to make a payment in respect of any notice under sub-paragraph (2). A landlord who fails to comply with sub-paragraph (2) is guilty of an offence. on or after 30 June 2011 but before the commencement date, a prescribed term of a private tenancy of a dwelling-house was varied; and the dwelling-house is let under that tenancy on the commencement date; and it applies regardless of the date on which the tenancy was granted. In sub-paragraph (1) “varied” includes varied by omission. Where a landlord has, between the varying of the prescribed term and the commencement date, given the tenant a notice that substantially meets the requirements of sub-paragraph (3), the landlord is to be regarded as having complied with that sub-paragraph. A tenant must not be required to make a payment in respect of any notice under sub-paragraph (3). A landlord who fails to comply with sub-paragraph (3) is guilty of an offence. If a landlord is convicted of an offence under paragraph 1(5) or 2(6), and the failure continues for more than 14 days after the conviction, the landlord is deemed to have committed a further offence under that sub-paragraph in respect of that failure. Sub-paragraph (3) applies where— a landlord fails to comply with paragraph 1(2) or 2(3), the landlord is given a fixed penalty notice under paragraph 6 in respect of an offence under paragraph 1(5) or 2(6) on the grounds of that failure, and If the failure to comply with paragraph 1(2) or 2(3) continues for more than 14 days after the landlord pays the fixed penalty, the landlord is guilty of an offence. A person who is guilty of an offence under paragraph 1(5), 2(6) or 3(3) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale. Proceedings for an offence under paragraph 1(5), 2(6) or 3(3) may be instituted by the appropriate district council. This paragraph applies where on any occasion an authorised officer of a district council has reason to believe that a person (“P”) has committed— an offence under paragraph 1(5) or 2(6), except one deemed to have been committed by virtue of paragraph 3(1), or an offence under paragraph 3(3). The authorised officer may give P a notice in the prescribed form offering P the opportunity of discharging any liability to conviction for the offence by payment of a fixed penalty. A fixed penalty payable under this paragraph is payable to the district council whose officer gave the notice. Where P is given a notice under this paragraph in respect of an offence— no proceedings may be instituted for that offence before the expiration of the period of 14 days, or such other period as may be specified in the notice, following the date of the notice; and P may not be convicted of that offence if P pays the fixed penalty before the expiration of that period. A notice under this paragraph must give such particulars of the circumstances alleged to constitute the offence as are necessary for giving reasonable information of the offence. A notice under this paragraph must also state— the period during which, by virtue of sub-paragraph (4), proceedings will not be taken for the offence; the amount of the fixed penalty; and the person to whom and the address at which the fixed penalty may be paid. The fixed penalty payable to a district council under this paragraph in respect of an offence under paragraph 1(5), 2(6) or 3(3) is an amount determined by the council, being an amount not exceeding one-fifth of the maximum fine payable on summary conviction of that offence. In any proceedings a certificate which— purports to be signed on behalf of the clerk of the council, and states that payment of a fixed penalty was or was not received by a date specified in the certificate, is evidence of the facts stated. A district council may use amounts paid to it in pursuance of notices under this paragraph only for the purposes of its functions under this paragraph or the 2006 Order, or such other of its functions as may be prescribed. In this paragraph “authorised officer”, in relation to a district council, means an officer of the council who is authorised in writing by the council for the purposes of this paragraph. Regulations under paragraph 1, 2 or 6 are subject to negative resolution. In paragraphs 1 and 2 “the commencement date” means the date on which section 1 comes into operation. Any expression that is used in both this Schedule and the 2006 Order has the same meaning in this Schedule as in that Order. After Article 11F (as inserted by section 8) insert— The Department may by regulations provide that a person may not— grant a private tenancy of a dwelling-house to which paragraph (2) applies; continue to let out under a private tenancy a dwelling-house to which paragraph (2) applies. This paragraph applies to a dwelling-house— in relation to which there is an energy performance certificate, and that falls below such level of energy efficiency (as demonstrated by the energy performance certificate) as is provided for by the regulations. Regulations under paragraph (1) may provide for the granting to a person, in respect of a dwelling-house, of— an exemption on the ground that the dwelling-house is of such description as is provided for in the regulations; an exemption that is to have effect for a period of time and is subject to the condition that specified works or measures for improving efficiency in the use of energy in the dwelling-house are carried out within that period (an “improvement exemption”); an exemption on such other grounds as may be provided for in the regulations. In paragraph (3)— “exemption” means an exemption from a prohibition imposed under paragraph (1); “specified” means specified in the improvement exemption. Regulations that provide for exemptions by virtue of paragraph (3) may include, in particular, provision— for exemptions to be granted by a prescribed person or prescribed persons (the “authority”); about the making of applications to the authority (including provision about the evidence which must or may be provided with applications); for exemptions to have effect for a specified period of time (including provision for the authority to determine that period); for a limit on the estimated cost of works or measures that may be specified in an improvement exemption (including a limit set by reference to the value of the dwelling-house or any other prescribed circumstances); for the authority to maintain a publicly-accessible register of exemptions granted; about appeals to a prescribed person or body against decisions regarding exemptions (including provision about how such appeals may be disposed of and the effect of any exemption pending the determination of an appeal); about the inspection of dwelling-houses for the purposes of an application for an exemption or for the purposes of an appeal; in a case where an application or appeal is made in respect of a dwelling-house which is (on the date the application or appeal is made) let under a private tenancy, for the applicant or appellant to be exempt from a prohibition imposed under paragraph (1)(b) in respect of the dwelling-house pending the determination of the application or appeal; about the consequences of providing false or misleading information in an application to the authority or in proceedings on an appeal (including provision creating criminal offences or invalidating exemptions); for a person who acquires an estate in a dwelling-house which is (on the date of the acquisition) let under a private tenancy to be exempt from a prohibition imposed under paragraph (1)(b) in respect of that dwelling-house for a prescribed period of time. The regulations may provide that if— a person is granted an improvement exemption, and the person complies with prescribed conditions regarding the giving of notice to any tenant of the dwelling-house, or with such other conditions as may be prescribed, works or measures specified in the exemption are to be regarded, for the purposes of Article 12, as works that the person is under a duty to execute. The regulations may also include such supplementary, incidental or consequential provision as the Department considers appropriate, including provision modifying any statutory provision. “private tenancy” does not include a protected tenancy or a statutory tenancy; “energy performance certificate” means— an energy performance certificate within the meaning given by the Energy Performance of Buildings (Certificates and Inspections) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2008, or such other statutory document issued for the purpose of determining or recording the energy performance or efficiency of a dwelling-house as may be prescribed. In paragraph (8) “statutory document” has the meaning given by section 1(e) of the Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954. Regulations under Article 11G may provide that a person who breaches a prohibition imposed under paragraph (1) of that Article is guilty of an offence. Regulations under Article 11G may provide that a person commits an offence if— the person is granted an improvement exemption; the person fails, without reasonable excuse, to carry out the works or measures specified in the exemption within the period of time so specified; Article 11G(2) applies to the dwelling-house immediately after the expiration of that period of time; and at any time during which the exemption had effect, the person— granted a private tenancy of the dwelling-house, or continued to let the dwelling-house out under a private tenancy that was granted before the exemption had effect. The regulations may provide for inspections of a dwelling-house in respect of which an exemption has been granted by virtue of Article 11G(3)(b), for the purpose of investigating whether an offence created by virtue of this Article has been committed. The regulations may set out circumstances in which a person is, or is not, to be regarded as having a reasonable excuse for the purposes of an offence created by virtue of paragraph (2) (including circumstances where a person ceases to hold an estate in the dwelling-house). Any offence created byregulations under Article 11G— is not to be punishable with a fine exceeding level 5 on the standard scale (but, in the case of an offence in respect of a prohibition imposed under Article 11G(1)(b), this is subject to paragraphs (6) to (9)). Paragraphs (7) and (8) apply where regulations under Article 11G create an offence in respect of a prohibition imposed under Article 11G(1)(b). The regulations must provide that where— a person is convicted of an offence in respect of the granting of a private tenancy, or the letting out of a dwelling-house under a private tenancy, in breach of a prohibition imposed under Article 11G(1)(a) or (b) (“the initial conviction”), after the initial conviction, the person continues to let out the dwelling-house under the tenancy, and the person is convicted of an offence in respect of that continued letting in breach of a prohibition imposed under Article 11G(1)(b) (“the continuing offence”), the continuing offence is to be punishable with a fine not exceeding one-hundredth of level 5 on the standard scale for every day or part of a day for which the letting continues after the initial conviction. The regulations must also provide that where— a person grants a private tenancy, or continues to let out a dwelling-house under a private tenancy, in breach of a prohibition imposed under Article 11G(1)(a) or (b), the person is given a fixed penalty notice under Article 68A in respect of an offence on the grounds of that breach, the person pays the fixed penalty stated in the notice, after payment of the fixed penalty, the person continues to let out the dwelling-house under the tenancy in breach of a prohibition imposed under Article 11G(1)(b), and the person is convicted of an offence in respect of that continued breach (“the post-payment offence”), the post-payment offence is to be punishable with a fine not exceeding one-hundredth of level 5 on the standard scale for every day or part of a day for which the breach continues after payment. A fine imposed by virtue of paragraph (7) or (8) may exceed level 5 on the standard scale. In Article 68(3) (prosecution by appropriate district council), after “this Order” insert “(including any offence created by regulations under Article 11G)”. in paragraph (1), after sub-paragraph (aa) (as inserted by section 8) insert— an offence created by regulations under Article 11G (but this is subject to paragraph (1A)) after paragraph (1) insert— This Article does not apply where— P has been convicted of an offence in respect of the granting of a private tenancy, or the letting out of a dwelling-house under a private tenancy, in breach of a prohibition imposed under Article 11G(1)(a) or (b) (“the initial offence”), an authorised officer has reason to believe that, after that conviction, P has committed an offence in respect of a prohibition imposed under Article 11G(1)(b) (“the continuing offence”), and it appears to the authorised officer that the continuing offence has been committed by P continuing to let out the dwelling-house under the tenancy in respect of which the initial offence was committed. after paragraph (8) insert— The fixed penalty payable to a district council under this Article in respect of an offence created by regulations under Article 11G is an amount determined by the council, being an amount not exceeding one-fifth of the amount prescribed as the maximum fine for that offence; but this is subject to paragraphs (8B) and (8C). Paragraph (8C) applies where— P grants a private tenancy, or continues to let out a dwelling-house under a private tenancy, in breach of a prohibition imposed under Article 11G(1)(a) or (b) (“the initial breach”), P is given a fixed penalty notice under this Article in respect of an offence on the grounds of the initial breach, P pays the fixed penalty stated in the notice, an authorised officer has reason to believe that, after payment of the fixed penalty, P has committed an offence in respect of a prohibition imposed under Article 11G(1)(b) (“the continuing offence”), and it appears to the authorised officer that the continuing offence has been committed by P continuing to let out the dwelling-house under the tenancy in respect of which the initial breach was committed. Where this paragraph applies, the penalty payable is an amount determined by the council, being an amount not exceeding one-five-hundredth of the amount prescribed as the maximum fine for that offence for every day or part of a day for which it appears to the officer that the letting has continued after payment (and, accordingly, the penalty payable may exceed one-fifth of the amount prescribed as the maximum fine for that offence). in paragraph (3), before “14” (as inserted by section 11) insert “11G,”;

after paragraph (5) (as inserted by section 7) insert— Before making regulations under Article 11G, the Department must consult— the Department for the Economy and the Department of Finance, such persons as appear to the Department to be representative of landlords, such persons as appear to the Department to be representative of tenants, and such other persons as the Department considers appropriate (which may include landlords or tenants). After Article 11H (as inserted by Schedule 2) insert— The Department may by regulations impose duties on the landlord of a dwelling-house let under a private tenancy for the purposes of ensuring that electrical safety standards are met during the period when the dwelling-house is let under the tenancy. “Electrical safety standards” means standards specified in, or determined in accordance with, the regulations in relation to— the installations in the dwelling-house for the supply and use of electricity, or electrical fixtures, fittings or appliances provided by the landlord. The duties imposed on the landlord may include duties to ensure that a qualified person has checked that the electrical safety standards are met. The regulations may make provision about— how and when checks are carried out; who is qualified to carry out checks. The regulations may require the landlord to undertake works as a result of checks carried out by the qualified person. The regulations may require the landlord— to obtain a certificate from the qualified person confirming that electrical safety standards are met; to give a copy of the certificate to the tenant, or a prospective tenant, or any other person specified in the regulations; where the electrical safety standards are not met, to obtain from the qualified person a written description of the works required to meet the standards. Regulations under this Article are referred to in Articles 11J and 11K as “electrical safety standards regulations”. Electrical safety standards regulations may provide that a landlord who fails to comply with a duty imposed under Article 11I(1) is guilty of an offence. Any offence created by virtue of paragraph (1)— is not to be punishable with a fine exceeding level 5 on the standard scale. Electrical safety standards regulations may make provision, for the enforcement of a duty imposed under Article 11I(1)— under which a landlord may be required to take remedial action; under which a district council may, with the consent of the tenant, arrange for a person to enter the dwelling-house and take remedial action. Regulations made by virtue of paragraph (1) may include, in particular, provision about procedural matters. Regulations made by virtue of paragraph (1) that make provision in connection with paragraph (1)(a) may include, in particular, provision enabling the landlord to make representations against any requirement to take remedial action. Regulations made by virtue of paragraph (1) that make provision in connection with paragraph (1)(b) may include, in particular, provision— about appeals against any proposed remedial action; enabling a district council to recover from the landlord any costs incurred by it in taking remedial action (“remedial costs”); enabling a district council to recover from any agent of the landlord any remedial costs, up to the total amount of money held by the agent on behalf of the landlord; under which any remedial costs due under the regulations are deemed, until recovered, to be charged on and payable out of the estate of the landlord in the land in relation to which the costs were incurred and the estate in that land of any person deriving title from the landlord; about the enforceability and registration of any charge created under the regulations; about the application of costs recovered. In Article 68(3) (prosecution by appropriate district council), after “11G” (as inserted by Schedule 2) insert “or 11I”. after paragraph (1)(ab) (as inserted by Schedule 2) insert— an offence created by regulations under Article 11I; or in paragraph (8), after “or 65A(4)” insert “or an offence created by regulations under Article 11I”. in paragraph (2), for “paragraph (3)” substitute “paragraphs (3) and (3A)”; after paragraph (3) insert— Regulations under Article 11I(1) that contain provision mentioned in Article 11K(4)(d) may not be made unless a draft of the regulations has been laid before, and approved by a resolution of, the Assembly. after paragraph (6) (as inserted by Schedule 2) insert— Before making regulations under Article 11I(1), the Department must consult— In the case of regulations that contain provision mentioned in Article 11K(4)(d), the consultation must take place before the draft of the regulations is laid before the Assembly. S. 1 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(a) S. 2 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(b) S. 3 not in operation at Royal Assent, see s. 14(7) S. 4 not in operation at Royal Assent, see s. 14(7) S. 5 not in operation at Royal Assent, see s. 14(7) S. 6 not in operation at Royal Assent, see s. 14(7) S. 7 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(c) S. 8 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(d) S. 9 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(e) S. 10 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(f) S. 11 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(g) S. 12 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(1)(a) S. 13 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(1)(a) S. 14(1)(b)(4) in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(1) S. 15 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(1)(c) Sch. 1 para. 1 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(b) Sch. 1 para. 2 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(b) Sch. 1 para. 3 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(b) Sch. 1 para. 4 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(b) Sch. 1 para. 5 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(b) Sch. 1 para. 6 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(b) Sch. 1 para. 7 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(b) Sch. 1 para. 8 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(b) Sch. 1 para. 9 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(b) Sch. 2 para. 1 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(e) Sch. 2 para. 2 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(e) Sch. 2 para. 3 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(e) Sch. 2 para. 4 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(e) Sch. 2 para. 5 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(e) Sch. 3 para. 1 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(f) Sch. 3 para. 2 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(f) Sch. 3 para. 3 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(f) Sch. 3 para. 4 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(f) Sch. 3 para. 5 in operation at 28.4.2022 for specified purposes, see s. 14(2)(f) S. 1 in operation at 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in operation by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. S. 3 in operation at 1.4.2023 by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. S. 4 in operation at 1.4.2023 by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. S. 5 in operation at 1.4.2023 by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. S. 6 in operation at 1.4.2023 by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. S. 2 in operation at 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in operation by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. Sch. 1 para. 1 in operation at 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in operation by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. Sch. 1 para. 2 in operation at 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in operation by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. Sch. 1 para. 3 in operation at 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in operation by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. Sch. 1 para. 4 in operation at 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in operation by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. Sch. 1 para. 5 in operation at 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in operation by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. Sch. 1 para. 6 in operation at 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in operation by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. Sch. 1 para. 7 in operation at 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in operation by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. Sch. 1 para. 8 in operation at 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in operation by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. Sch. 1 para. 9 in operation at 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in operation by S.R. 2023/20, art. 2, Sch. S. 7 in operation at 1.4.2025 for specified purposes by S.R. 2025/39, art. 2, Sch.