The UTTAR PRADESH CHIT FUND ACT, 1975

38 mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e 1975 ¿mRrj inz s”k vf/kfu;e l[a ;k 53] 1975À THE UTTAR PRADESH CHIT FUND ACT, 1975 [U.P. ACT NO. 53 OF 1975] 39 mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 19751 ¿޽mRrj izns”k vf/kfu;e l[a ;k 53] 1975À mRrj izns”k fo/kku ifj’kn us fnukad 7 vxLr 1975 dks rFkk mRrj izns”k fo/kku lHkk us fnukad 5 vxLr 1975 dh cSBd es a Lohdr` fd;kA ^^Hkkjr dk lafo/kku** ds vuqPNsn 201 ds vUrxZr jk’Vªifr us 10 vDVwcj 1975 dks Lohdf`r iznku dh rFkk mRrj izns”k ljdkjh vlk/kkj.k xtV es a fnukad 16 vDVwcj 1975 dks izdkf”kr gqvkA jkT; eas tu&lk/kkj.k ds fgr es a fpV Q.M dks fofu;fer djus ds fy;s vkSj mlls lEc) fo’k;kas dh O;oLFkk djus d s fy;s vf/kfu;e Hkkjr x.kjkT; es a NCchlosa o’kZ es a fuEufyf[kr vf/kfu;e cuk;k tkrk gSA v/;k; 1 1&& ¼1½ ;g vf/kfu;e mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975 dgyk;sxkA Lkaf{kIr uke] foLrkj rFkk izkjEHk ¼2½ bldk foLrkj laiw.kZ mRrj izns”k es a gksxkA ¼3½ ;g ,sls fnukad ls izo`Rr gksxk] ftls jkT; ljdkj xTkV esa vf/klpw uk }kjk rnFkZ fu;r djs a vkSj jkT; es a fofHkUu {ks=ks a ds fy;s rFkk bl vf/kfu;e ds fofHkUu micU/kks a ds fy;s fHkUu&fHkUu fnukad fu;r fd;s tk ldrs gSaA 2&& bl vf/kfu;e esa] tc rd fd lanHkZ es a vU;Fkk visf{kr u gks] ------------- IkfjHkk’kk,aA ¼1½ ^^vuqeksfnr cSad** dk rkRi;Z bl vf/kfu;e ds iz;kstuks a ds fy;s jkT; ljdkj }kjk vuqeksfnr fdlh cSad ls gS] ¼2½ ^^fpV** dk rkRi;Z ,sls laO;ogkj ls gS] pkgs mls fpV Q.M] fpV] ;k dqjh dgk tk; ;k fdlh vU; uke ls iqdkjk tk;] ftlds }kjk mldk QksjeSu vusd vfHknkrkvks a ds lkFk ;g djkj djs fd muesa ls izR;sd ,d fuf”pr jkf”k ;k fuf”pr ifjek.k esa vukt ;k fdlh vU; eky dk dkfyd fdLrks a es a mruh fofufnZ’V dkykof/k;kas ds fy;s] ftudh la[;k vfHknkrkvks a dh la[;kvks a ds cjkcj gks] vfHknkrk djsxk vkSj izR;sd vfHknkrk ;k mues a ls dqN ykV }kjk ;k uhyke }kjk ;k fufonk }kjk ;k fdlh vU; uhfr ls] tks djkj es a vO;ofLFkr gks] vo/kkfjr viuh ckjh vkus ij iqjLdkj /kujkf”k ikus dk gdnkj gksxk] Li’Vhdj.k & bl [k.M ds vFkkZUrxZr dksbZ laO;ogkj fpV ugha gksxk] ;fn ,sls laO;ogkj es a ------- ¼d½ vfHknkrkvks a es a ls dsoy dqN gks vfHknkrkvks a dks] u fd lHkh dks] iqjLdkj /kujkf”k Hkkoh vfHknk; djus d s fy;s fdlh nkf;Ro ds fcuk fey]s ;k ¼[k½ lHkh vfHknkrkvks a dks ckjh&ckjh esa fpV dh laiw.kZ /kujkf”k Hkkoh vfHknk; djus d s nkf;Ro lfgr feys % 1- mn~ns”;ks a vkSj dkj.kks a ds fooj.k ds fy;s fnukad 7 vxLr 1975 bZ- dk mRrj izns”kh; vlk/kkj.k xtV nsf[k;sA 40 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 2À n`’Vkar ------ fdlh fpV ds 100 vfHknkrk gS vkSj mues a ls izR;sd 10 #Ik;s dk vfHknk; djrk gS lHkh vfHknkrkvks a dks ckjh&ckjh ls 1]000 #I;s feyrs gSa] tks fpV dh laiw.kZ /ku jkf”k gS] vkSj mudk Hkkoh vfHknk; djus dk nkf;Ro gSA ,slk laO;ogkj mi;qZDr Li’Vhdj.k ds [k.M ¼[k½ d s v/khu vkrk gS vkSj fpV ugha gS] ¼3½ ^^fpV djkj** dk rkRi;Z ,sls nLrkost ls gS] ftlesa QksjeSu vkSj vfHknkrk ds chp fpV ls lacaf/kr djkj ds vuqPNsn gks]a ¼4½ ^^fpV dh /kujkf”k** dk rkRi;Z NwV ds fy;s ;k vU;Fkk dVkSrh fd;s fcuk fpV dh fdlh fdLr ds fy;s lHkh vfHknkrkvks a }kjk fn;s vfHknkrkvks a dh dy jkf”k ls gS] ¼5½ ^^O;frdzeh vfHknkrk** dk rkRi;Z ,sls vfHknkrk ls gS] ftlus fpV djkj dh “krksaZ ds vuqlkj ns; vfHknkrkvks a ds Hkqxrku es a O;frdze fd;k gks] ¼6½ ^^NwV** dk rkRi;Z] ;FkkfLFkfr] ml jkf”k ls ;k vU; eky ds ml ifjek.k ls gS] ftls dksbZ iqjLd`r vfHknkrk fpV djkj dh “krksZ a ds v/khu NksM+us ds fy;s visf{kr gks vkSj ftl s fpV dks pykus ds O;; dks iwjk djus vFkok vfHknkrkvks a esa forfjr djus ;k nksuks a ds fy, mDr djkj ds v/khu Ik`Fkd j[kk tk;A ¼7½ ^^ykHkk”k** dk rkRi;Z NwV es a vfHknkrk ds ml va”k ls gS] tks fpV dh fdlh fdLr es a vfHknkrkvks a ds chp vkuqifrd forj.k ds fy, fpV djkj ds v/khu miyC/k gks] ¼8½ vius O;kdjfj.kd :Ik Hksnks a lfgr] ^^Mªk** dk rkRi;Z fpV fdlh fdLr es a iqjLdkj /kujkf”k ikus d s gdnkj O;fDr dk O;fDr;ks a dks vfHkfuf”pr djus ls gS] ¼9½ ^^QeZ** dk rkRi;Z Hkkjrh; vf/kfu;e] 1932 ds v/khu jftLVªhdr` fdlh QeZ ls vf/kfu;e la0a 9] 1932 gS] ¼10½ ^^QksjeSu** dk rkRi;Z ,sls O;fDr ¼ftlds vUrxZr QeZ Hkh gS½ ls gS] tks fpV djkj ds v/khu fpV ds lapkyu ds fy, mRrjnk;h gks] vkSj blds vUrxZr /kkjk 32 es a mfYyf[kr ifjfLFkfr;ks a es a fpV ds pyrs jgus ij QksjeSu ds d`R;ksa dk fuoZgu djus okyk dksbZ vU; O;fDr Hkh gSA ¼11½ ^^vijLd`r vfHknkrk** ds vUrxZr ,slk vfHknkrk ugha gS] ftlus fpV djkj dh “krksaZ d s vuqlkj ns; vfHknk;kas dk Hkqxrku djus es a O;frdze fd;k gks] ¼12½ ^^fofgr** dk rkRi;Z bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu cuk; s x;s fu;eks a }kjk fofgr ls gSA ¼13½ ^^fofgr izkf/kdkjh** dk rkRi;Z viuh&viuh vf/kdkfjrk ds Hkhrj ijxuk eftLVªsV ¼dk;iZ kyd½ l s gS] ¼14½ ^^iqjLdkj /kujkf”k** dk rkRi;Z fpV dh /kujkf”k vkSj NwV ds chp vUrj dh /kujkf”k ls gS] vkSj fdlh fVdV ds Hkkx dh n”kk es a fVdV ds Hkkx ds vuqikr es a fpV dh /kujkf”k vkSj NwV ds chp vUrj dh /kujkf”k ls gS] vkSj tgka iqjLdkj /kujkf”k udn ls fHkUu izdkj ls ns; gks] ogka iqjLdkj /kujkf”k dk ewY; mlds ns; gksus d s le; dk ewY; gksxk] ¼15½ ^^iqjLd`r vfHknkrk** dk rkRi;Z ,sls vfHknkrk ls gS] ftls iqjLdkj dh /kujkf”k feyh gks] tks mldk gdnkj gks] 41 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 3À ¼16½ ^^jftLVªkj** dk rkRi;Z /kkjk 53 ds v/khu fu;qDr jftLVªkj ls gS vkSj blds vUrxZr ml /kkjk ds v/khu fu;qDr vkSj bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu muds lHkh ;k fdUgha d`R;ks a dk fuoZgu djus ds fy;s mlds }kjk izkf/kdr` dksbZ vij] la;qDr] mi ;k lgk;d jftLVªkj gS] ¼17½ ^^vfHknkrk** ds vUrxZr ,slk O;fDr gS ftlds ikl fVdV dk Hkkx gks] vkSj fyf[kr leuqns”ku }kjk ;k fof/k dh fdz;k }kjk fVdV ;k mlds Hkkx dk vUrfjrh Hkh gS] ¼18½ ^^fVdV** dk rkRi;Z fpV es a vfHknkrk ds va”k ls gSA v/;k; 2 XkBu rFkk jftLVªhdj.k 3&& ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e }kjk ;k blds v/khu vU;Fkk micfU/kr ds flok;] dksbZ mi fof/k;ks a dk O;fDr dksbZ fpV rc rd u rks izkjEHk djsxk vkSj u lapkfyr djsxk tc rd fd mlus jftLVªhdj.k ,slh lkekU; mifof/k;kas dks] ftuds v/khu fofHkUu fpV vkofl;ka pyk;h tkuh gksa] jftLVªkj ds le{k jftLVªhd`r` u djk fn;k gksA ¼2½ jftLVªhdj.k ds iz;kstukFkZ fpV vkofy;ks a dh lkekU; mifof/k;kas] tks QksjeSu }kjk gLrk{kfjr rFkk de ls de nks Lkf{k;kas }kjk vuqizekf.kr gks]a jftLVªkj ds le{k nkf[ky dh tk;xhA ¼3½ jftLVªkj& ¼d½ ;g lek/kku gks tkus ij fd mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu mlds le{k nkf[ky dh xBZ lkekU; mi&fof/k;ka bl vf/kfu;e ;k rn~/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eks a ls vlaxr ugha gS vkSj fpV dk lapkyu djus ds fy;s QksjeSu leqfpr O;fDr gS] mi&fof/k;kas dh jftLVªh dj ldsxk vkSj QksjeSu dks jftLVªhdj.k dk izek.k&Ik= ns ldsxk] ;k ¼[k½ mu dkj.kks a ls tks vfHkfyf[kr fd;s tk;saxs] jftLVªhdj.k djus ls bUdkj dj ldsxkA ¼4½ mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds [k.M ¼2½ ds v/khu viuh “kfDr dh O;kidrk ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk] jftLVªkj fdUgha ,slh lkekU; mifof/k;ks a dk jftLVªhdj.k djus ls bUdkj dj nsxk] ftlesa vfHknkrk ls fyf[kr :Ik ls bl ckr dk djkj djus dh O;oLFkk u gks fpV QaM es a vfHknk; dh fdLrs a ekfld gksxa h vkSj vfHknkrkvks a ls izR;sd ekl es a izkIr fpV dh /kujkf”k dk] NwV dkVus ds Ik”pkr~ tks fpV dh /kujkf”k ds rhl izfr”kr ls vf/kd u gksxh] Hkqxrku iqjLd`r vfHknkrk dks fd;k tk;xk vkSj QksjeSu dks deh”ku nsus ds Ik”pkr tks fpV dh /kujkf”k ds ikap izfr”kr ls vf/kd u gksxk] NwV vfHknkrkvks a es a vkuqikfrd forj.k ds fy;s miyC/k gksxhA ¼5½ jftLVªkj mi fof/k;kas dh ,d izfrfyfi j[k yxs k vkSj nwljh izfrfyfi QksjeSu dks bl Ik`’Bkadu ds lkFk ykSVk nsxk fd mi fof/k;ka jftLVªhdr` dj nh xbZ gSaA ¼6½ fdlh lafonk] nLrkost ;k rRle; izo`Rr fdlh vU; fof/k es a fdlh ckr dks gksrs gq, Hkh] QksjeSu vkSj vfHknkrk ds chp djkj ds vuqPNsnks a es a vUrfoZ’V dksbZ ,slk djkj ftles a dkVus ds Ik”pkr~ fpV dh lEiw.kZ /kujkf”k iqjLd`r vfHknkrk dks Hkqxrku djus dh O;oLFkk ugha g]S “kwU; gkxs kA 42 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 4&7À 4&& dksbZ Hkh O;fDr ,slk dksbZ uksfVl] ifji=] fooj.k&if=-dk ;k vU; nLrkost ml fpV ds ftldh mi ftles a fdlh fpV dh “krZs a rFkk fucU/ku fn;s x;s gks a ;k ftlls turk dks fdlh fpV es a fof/k;ka a jftLVªhd`r ugha dh xbzZ gS] vfHknk; ds fVdVks a ds fy, vfHknk; djus ds fy, vkeaf=r fd;k x;k gks] rc rd u rks tkjh djsxk fy;s vkeaf=r djus dk vkSj u izdkf”kr djsxk tc rd fd og /kkjk 3 ds v/khu jftLVªhd`r lekU; mi fof/k;ks a ds izfr’ks/k v/khu fdlh fpV ls lEc) u gksA 5&& IkzR;sd fpV&djkj QksjeSu }kjk] rFkk vfHknkrkvks a vFkok vfHknkrkvks a }kjk fpV&djkj dk izk:i fpV&djkj dk fyf[kr :Ik es a rnFk Z lE;d~ :Ik ls izkf/kdr` fdlh O;fDr }kjk lE;d~ :Ik ls gLrk{kfjr vkSj nks lkf{k;kas }kjk vuqizekf.kr nks izfr;ks a es a gksxk] rFkk mlesa fuEufyf[kr fof”kf’V;ka gksxa h] vFkkZr~ %& ¼1½ izR;sd vfHknkrkvks a dk iwjk uke vkSj LFkk;h uSokfld irk] ¼2½ izR;sd vfHknkrk }kjk /k`r fVdVks a dh la[;k] ¼3½ fdLrks a dh la[;k vkSj izR;sd fdLr ds fy, izR;sd fVdV ds lEcU/k esa ns; /kujkf”k( ¼4½ fpV ds izkjEHk vkSj lekIr gksus dk fnukad] ¼5½ iqjLdqr vfHknkrk vfHkfuf”pr djus dk <ax] ¼6½ ml NwV dh /kujkf”k] ftls iqjLd`r vfHknkrk dks fdlh fd”r es a NksM+uk iM+xs k] ¼7½ og <ax] ftlds vuqlkj vkSj og vuqikr] ftles a ykHkka”k] QksjeSu dk deh”ku vkSj vU; O;;ks a ds] fn; dksbZ gks]a :Ik es a NwV forj.kh; gks]a ¼8½ og fnukad] le; rFkk LFkku tgka ij fpV Mªk dh tk;xh] ¼9½ ;fn fpV&djkj ds v/khu QksjeSu fpV dh /kujkf”k dk gdnkj gks rks og fdLr] ftl ij QksjeSu fpV dh /kujkf”k feyxs h] ¼10½ vuqeksfnr cSd] ftles a ;k ftues a bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kks a ds v/khu QksjeSu }kjk fpV dh /kujkf”k tek dh tk;xh] ¼11½ og jhfr] ftlds vuqlkj pfV ml n”kk esa tkjh j[kh tk;xh tc ,sls QksjeSu dh] tks ,d O;fDr gks] e`R;q gks tk; ;k og fod`r&fpRr dk vU;Fkk vleFk Z gks tk;] vkSj ¼12½ ,slh vU; fof”kf’V;ak] tks fofgr dh tk;aAa 6&& ¼1½ izR;sd fpV&djkj] vkSj mles a /kkjk 9 ds v/khu fd;s x;s izR;sd ifjroZu fpV&djkj dk nkf[ky ;k ifjo)Zu dks] mldh fn~olh; izfr lfgr jftLVªkj ds ikl nkf[ky fd;k tk;xk] ftls fd;k tkuk /kkjk 9 ds v/khu djkj ds jn~n fd;s tkus dh] ;fn dksbZ gks] lwpuk Hkh nh tk;xhA ¼2½ jftLVªkj fpV&djkj dks j[k yxs k vkSj fpV&djkj] ifjorZu ;k ifjo)Zu dh fn~orh; izfr QksjeSu dks bl Ik`’Bkadu ds lkFk yksVk nsxk fd fpV&djkj] ifjorZu ;k ifjo)Zu nkf[ky dj fn;k x;k gSaA 7&& ¼1½ dksbZ O;fDr fdlh fpV dks uhyke djus ;k mls Mªk djus dk dk; Z rc rd fpV&dkjckj izkjEHk djuk izkjEHk djsxk tc rd fd mlus jftLVªkj ls izkjEHk djus dk izek.k&Ik= izkIr u dj fy;k gksA 43 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 8&11À ¼2½ jftLVªkj] ;g lek/kku gks tkus ij fd fpV dh mifof/k;ka lE;d~ :Ik ls jftLVªhd`r dh xbZ gS vkSj fpV&djkj] ftlds vUrxZr mlesa ifjorZu ;k ifjo)Zu] ;fn dksbZ gks] Hkh gS] nkf[ky dj fn;k x;k vkSj /kkjk 114 ds v/khu visf{kr izfrHkwfr QksjeSu }kjk ns nh xbZ gS] izkjEHk djus dk izek.k&Ik= nsxkA 8&& ¼1½ QksjeSu] /kkjk 7 es a fufnZ’V izkjEHk djus dk izek.k&Ik= izkIr djus ds mi fof/k;ks a vkSj fpV& Ik”pkr~ ;Fkk”kDr “kh?kz fdUrq fpV ds izFke ckj Mªk fd;s tkus ds fnukad rd] u fd mlds djkj dh izfr;ks a dk vfHknkrkvks a dks fn;k Ik”pkr~ izR;sd vfHknkrk dks fpV dh mi fof/k;kas dh vkSj fpV&djkj dh izfr] tks mlds tkuk }kjk “kq) izfrfyfi izekf.kr gks] nsxkA ¼2½ QksjeSu] fpV dh izFke fdLr Mªk fd;s tkus okys ekjk ds vuqorhZ ekl es a iUnzg fnu ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj ds le{k bl vk”k; dk ,d izek.k&Ik= nkf[ky djsxk fd mlus mi/kkjk ¼1½ d s micU/kks a dk vuqikyu dj fn;k gSA 9&& QksjeSu vkSj fpV ds lHkh vfHknkrkvks a dh fyf[kr lgefr ds flok; fpV&djkj es a ifjorZu fpV&djkj es a u rks ifjorZu ;k ifjo)Zu fd;k tk;xk vkSj u mls jn~n fd;k tk;xkA 10&& ¼1½ izR;sd ekl es a vfHknkrkvks a ds lkekU; fudk; dh ,d lkekU; cSBd cSBd fofgr jhfr ls gksxhA ¼2½ viqjLd`r vkSj vlanRr iqjLd`r vfHknkrkvks a dh la[;k ds ;ksx ds iPphl izfr”kr dh ekax ij QksjeSu }kjk fofgr jhfr ls vfHknkrkvks a ds lkekU; fudk; dh fo”ks’k cSBd cqykbZ tk;xhA 11&& ¼1½ izR;sd Mªk dh dk;oZ kfg;ka bl iz;kstu ds fy;s j[kh iqfLrdk es a Dk;Zokfg;ks a dk dk;Zo`Rr vfHkfyf[kr dh tk;asxh vkSj ml ij QksjeSu vkSj leLr mifLFkr vfHknkrkvks a }kjk gLrk{kj fd, tk;asxsA ml ij iqjLd`r vfHknkrk ;k mlds izkf/kdr` vfHkdrkZ }kjk Hkh gLrk{kj fd;k tk;xkA ¼2½ ,slh dk;oZ kfg;ks a ds vfHkys[k es a fuEufyf[kr ckrs a Li’V :Ik ls nh tk;sxa h %&^ ¼,d½ og fnukad vkSj le; tc dk;oZ kfg;ks a izkjEHk gqbZ vkSj lekIr gqbZ vkSj og LFkku tgka Mªk gqvk Fkk] ¼nks½ fpV dh ftl fof”k’V fdLr dh dk;oZ kfg;ak vfHkfyf[kr dh tk;as] mldh la[;k] ¼rhu½ mifLFkr vfHknkrkvks a ds uke] ¼pkj½ og O;fDr ;k os O;fDr tks fof”k’V fdLr es a iqjLdkj dh /kujkf”k dk gdnkj gks tk; ;k gks tk;s]a ¼ik¡p½ NVw dh /kujkf”k] ¼N%½ iwoZorhZ fdLr ds ckjs es a iqjLdkj dh /kujkf”k ds fuLrkj.k vkSj fdlh iwoZorhZ fdLr ds ckjs esa vlnRr iqjLdkj dh /kujkf”k] ;fn dksbZ gks ds fuLrkj.k ds lEcU/k es a iw.kZ fof”kf’V;ka] vkSj ¼lkr½ ,slh vU; fof”kf’V;ka] tks fofgr dh tk;aA 44 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 12&14À 12&& IkzR;sd QksjeSu] ml ekl ds] ftles a ,d gh fpV dh ,d ;k vf/kd fd”rs a dk;Zo`Rr dh izfrfyfi dk vFkok fdlh vU; fpV dh ,d ;k vf/kd fd”rs a Mªk dh tk;as] vuqorhZ ekl esa iUnzg fnu ds jftLVªkj ds le{k nkf[ky fd;k tkuk Hkhrj jftLVªkj ds le{k ,slh lHkh fd”rks a ds Mªk ds lEcU/k es a /kkjk 11 esa fufnZ’V vfHkys[k dh izfrfyfi] tks QksjeSu }kjk “kq) izekf.kr gks] nkf[ky djsxkA v/;k; 3 QksjeSu 13&& dksbZ QksjeSu fdlh ,d le; es a fdUgha ,slh fpVks a dk lapkyu ugha djsxk] fpV dk ewY; ftudh dqy /kujkf”k QksjeSu dh “kq) vkfLr;ks a ds izpkl izfr”kr ls vf/kd gkAs Li’Vhdj.k %& bl /kkjk ds iz;kstukFkZ QksjeSu dh “kq) vkfLr;ks a dk vo/kkj.k djus es a mlds }kjk izLrqr izfrHkwfe dh /kujkf”k dks vyx dj fn;k tk;xk] ;fn ,slh /kujkf”k vfHknkrkvks a ls vfxze :Ik es a izkIr vfHknku dh /kujkf”k gksA 14&& ¼1½ izR;sd QksjeSu fdUgha fpV&vkofy;ks a ds lEcU/k es a /kkjk 7 es a fufnZ’V QksjeSu }kjk izfrHkwfe dk izkjEHk djus d s izek.k&Ik= ds fy;s vkosnu djus d s iwoZ && fn;k tkuk ¼d½ fpV ds mfpr lapkyu ds fy;s vU; vfHknkrkvks a ds Ik{k esa ;k muds U;klr% ,d cU/k&Ik= fu’ikfnr djsxk] ftles a ,slh lEifRr dks Hkkfjr djsxk] tks jftLVªkj ds lUrks’kkuqlkj fpV dh /kujkf”k ds nqxqus ds cjkcj /kujkf”k dks olwy djus d s fy;s Ik;kZIr gks] ;k ¼[k½ fdlh vuqeksfnr cSad es a fpV dh /kujkf”k ds cjkcj /kujkf”k tek djsxk ;k fpV dh /kujkf”k ds Ms<+ xqus ls vU;uw vafdr ewY; dh /kujkf”k ljdkjh izfrHkwfr;ks a es a fofu;ksftr djsxk vkSj bl izdkj tek dh xbZ /kujkf”k ;k ljdkjh izfrHkwfr;ka jftLVªkj ds Ik{k esa vUrfje] ftls og fpV ds lE;d~ lapkyu ds fy;s izfrHkwfr ds :Ik es a U;klr% j[kxs k % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd tgka txe lEifRr ds :Ik es a Hkkfjr dh tk; og dsoy ml izdkj dh taxe lEifRr dks gh] tks fofgr dh tk;] bl izdkj Hkkfjr fd;k tk;xs k vkSj ,slh taxe lEifRr dks ,slh jhfr ls vkSj ,sls O;fDr ;k vf/kdkjh ds le{k ftls fofgr fd;k tk;] tek fd;k tk;xkA ¼2½ tgka QkSjeSu ,d ls vf/kd fpV lapkfyr djrk gS ogka og izR;sd fpV ds lEcU/k es a mi/kkjk ¼1½ d s micU/kks a ds vuqlkj izfrHkwfr nsxkA ¼3½ dEiuht ,sDV] 1956 dh /kkjk 520 ds micU/kks a ds v/khu jgrs gq,] mi/kkjk ¼1½ ,sDV la[;k 1] 1956 ds v/khu QksjeSu }kjk nh xbZ izfrHkwfr fdlh fMxzh ds fu’iknu ds fy;s ;k vU;Fkk rc rd dqdZ u dh tk;xh& ¼d½ tc rd fd fpV lekIr u dj nh tk; vkSj lHkh vfHknkrkvks a ds nkoksa dh iw.kZr% rqf’V u dj nh tk;] ¼[k½ tc rd fd jftLVªkj ;k fdlh vU; vf/kdkjh dks bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu QksjeSu }kjk ns; lHkh ns;ks a dk Hkqxrku dj fn;k x;k gks] ¼x½ tgka ns; iqjLd`r /kujkf”k iqjLd``r vfHknkrk ds O;frdze ds dkj.k fpV lekIr fd;s tkus ds Ik”pkr~ Hkh] vlanRr jgs a rks tc rd fd QksjeSu fpV&djkj es a mfYyf[kr fdlh vuqeksfnr cSad esa ,slh /kujkf”k tek u dj ns vkSj bl izdkj tek djus dh fyf[kr lalwpuk iqjLd`r vfHknkrk dks u ns nsA 45 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 15&16À ¼4½ jftLVªkj fpV lekIr dj fn;s tkus ds Ik”pkr~ vkSj viuk ;g lek/kku djus ds Ik”pkr~ fd mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds [k.M ¼1½ ls ¼3½ es a mfYyf[kr vis{kkvks a dk vuqikyu fd;k x;k gS] mi/kkjk ¼1½ es a fufnZ’V izfrHkwfr ds :Ik es a Hkkfjr lEifRr dks fueqZDr dj nsxk vFkok udn izfrHkwfr ;k ljdkjh izfrHkwfr;ks a dks fueqZDr djus dk vkns”k nsxk] vkSj ,slk djus es a og ,slh izfdz;k dk vuqlj.k djsxk] tks fofgr dh tk;A ¼5½ jftLVªkj fdlh QksjeSu ds vkosnu ij] mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds v/khu izfrHkwfr fueqZDr djus ds ctk; ml mlh QksjeSu }kjk lapkfyr dh tkus okyh fdlh vU; fpV ds lEcU/k es a izfrHkwfr ds :Ik es a Lohdkj dj ldsxkA ;fn bl izdkj Lohdkj dh x;h izfrHkwfr dk ewY; ;k mldh /kujkf”k mi/kkjk ¼1½ es a fufnZ’V ewY; ;k /kujkf”k ls de gks rks jftLVªkj ml deh dks iwjk djus ds fy, QksjeSu ls vfrfjDr izfrHkwfr nsus dh vis{kk djsxkA ;fn ,slh izfrHkwfr dk ewY; ;k mldh /kujkf”k visf{kr ewY; ;k /kujkf”k ls vf/kd gS rks jftLVªkj ,sls vkf/kD; fueqDr dj nsxkA ¼6½ rRi”pkr~ izo`Rr fdlh vU; fof/k esa fdlh izkf/kdr` ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] bl /kkjk ds v/khu nh xbZ izfrHkwfr ds lEcU/k es a QksjeSu fpV ds pkyw jgus ds nkSjku dksbZ laO;ogkj ugha djsxk] vkSj mlds lEcU/k es a QksjeSu }kjk vUrj.k] Hkkj] cU/kd ;k vU; foYyaxe ds :Ik esa dh xbZ dk;oZ kgh “kwU; gksxhA 15&& bl vf/kfu;e vFkok rn~/khu cuk; s x;s fu;eks a ds micU/kks a ds v/khu jgrs gq,] QksjeSu ds vf/kdkj QksjeSu && ¼d½ fpV&djkj esa fdlh izfrdwy micU/k ds u gksus ij] fpV&djkj esa rnFkZ fofufnZ’V fdLr ij fpV dh /kujkf”k ikus dk] ¼[k½ fpV dh /kujkf”k ds ikap izfr”kr ls vuf/kd mrus deh”ku ;k ikfjJfed dk] tks fpV djkj es a fuf”pr fd;k tk;] ¼x½ vfHknkrkvks a ls lHkh va”knku izkIr vkSj olwy djus dk] ¼?k½ Hkkoh vfHknk;ks a dk lE;d :Ik ls Hkqxrku djus ds fy;s fdlh iqjLd`r vfHknkrk ls Ik;kZIr izfrHkwfr dh ekax djus dk] Li’Vhdj.k & bl [k.M ds iz;kstukFkZ dksbZ izfrHkwfr Ik;kZIr dgh tk;xh ;fn iqjLd`r vfHknkrk }kjk ns; /kujkf”k ls izfrHkwfr dk ewY; ,d&frgkbZ ls vf/kd gks] ;k ;fn izfrHkwfr LFkkoj laifRr ds :Ik es a gks rks ewY; M~;ks<s ls vf/kd gk(s ¼³½ O;frdzeh vfHknkrkvks a ds LFkku ij nwljs vfHknkrk j[kus dk( vkSj ¼p½ ,sls lHkh vU; dk; Z djus dk] tks fpV ds lE;d~ vkSj leqfpr lapkyu ds fy;s vko”;d gks] gdnkj gksxkA 16&& ¼1½ QkSjeSu] iqjLd`r vfHknkrk }kjk Hkkoh vfHknk;kas dk lE;d~ :Ik ls Hkqxrku QksjeSu ds drZO; djus ds fy;s Ik;kZIr izfrHkwfr fn;s tkus ij mls iqjLdkj /kujkf”k dk Hkqxrku djus ds fy;s ck/; gksxk % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd iqjLdkj vfHknkrk iqjLdkj /kujkf”k dk lHkh Hkkoh vfHknk;kas dks dkVus ds Ik”pkr~] fdlh izdkj dh izfrHkwfr ds fcuk rRdky Hkqxrku fd;s tkus dh ekax djus dk gdnkj gksxk] vkSj ,slh n”kk es a QksjeSu vlyh fdLr ds fnukad ds iwoZ] fpV&djkj es a mfYyf[kr fdlh vuqeksfnr cSad es a bl izdkj dkVs x;s Hkkoh vfHknk; dh /kujkf”k tek djsxk] vkSj og bl izdkj tek /kujkf”k dks flok; Hkkoh vfHknk; ds Hkqxrku ds fy;s] ugha fudkysxkA 46 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 17&20À ¼2½ ;fn iqjLd`r vfHknkrk ds O;fDrdze ds dkj.k fdUgha nksuks a ds lEcU/k es a ns; iqjLdkj /kujkf”k vkxkeh Mªk ds fnukad ds iwoZ vlanRr jg tk;] rks QksjeSu fpV&Q.M djkj es a mfYyf[kr fdlh vuqeksfnr cSad es a rRdky tek djsxk vkSj bl izdkj tek djus dh lalwpuk fyf[kr :Ik es a iqjLd`r vfHknkrk vkSj jftLVªkj dks nsxkA ¼3½ izR;sd iqjLdkj /kujkf”k ds Hkqxrku] mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu Hkkoh vfHknk;ks a dh /kujkf”k dks tek djus] vkSj mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu iqjLdkj /kujkf”k dks tek djus dh lalwpuk vkxkeh Mªk ds le; vfHknkrk dks nh tk;xh] vkSj ,sls Hkqxrku ;k tek dh fof”kf’V;ka Mªk dh dk;Zokfg;ks a ds vfHkys[k es a ntZ dh tk;saxhA ¼4½ QksjeSu fdlh ,slh /kujkf”k ls] ftlds fy;s og /kkjk 15 ds [k.M ¼d½ vkSj ¼[k½ ds v/khu gdnkj gS] vf/kd dksbZ /kujkf”k vius fy;s fofu;ksftr ugha djsxk % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd QksjeSu ml C;kt ds flok;] tks mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu ;k /kkjk 24 ds v/khu dh xbZ tek ij tks] cSadks a es a tek fdlh /kujkf”k ij izksn~Hkwr gksus okys C;kt dks] vius fy;s fofu;ksftr dj ldsxkA 17&& IkzR;sd QksjeSu ,sls jftLVj vkSj y[s kk&cfg;ka] ,sls izi= es a j[kxs k] tks fofgr jftLVj vkSj y[s kk cfg;ka fd;s tk;sAa 18&& ¼1½ izR;sd QksjeSu ,slh jhfr ls vkSj ,sls le; ds Hkhrj tks fofgr fd;k rqyu i= vf/kfu;e la0 tk;] y[s kk&vof/k ls lEcfU/kr rqyu&Ik=] tks ;k rks dEiuht ,sDV] 1956 ds v/khu 1] 1956 dEifu;ks a ds y[s kk&ijh{kdksa ds :Ik es a dk;Z djus ds fy;s lE;d :Ik ls vfgZr y[s kk ijh{kdksa }kjk ;k /kkjk 53 dh mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu fu;qDr fpV y[s kk&ijh{kdksa }kjk lE;d~ :Ik ls ys[kk ijhf{kr gks] rS;kj djsxk vkSj jftLVªkj ds le{k nkf[ky djsxkA ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ es a fufnZ’V rqyu&Ik= es]a & ¼d½ mlds }kjk lapkfyr lHkh fpVks a dh vkfLr;ks a vksj nkf;R;ks a dh laf{kfIr gksxh( ¼[k½ ,slh fof”kf’V;ka nh tk;sxh] ftuls ;g izdV gks fd mDr vkfLr;ks a vkSj nkf;Roks a dk Lo:Ik D;k gS vkSj mu vkfLr;ks a dk ewY; fdl izdkj fudkyk x;k gS( vkSj ¼x½ ,slh vU; fof”kf’V;ka gkxs h tks fofgr dh tk;Aa 19&& ¼1½ izR;sd QksjeSu vfHknkrkvks a dks ns; /kujkf”k dk y[s kk&tks[kk mUgas nsus ds vfHknkrkvks a ds izfr fy;s mRrjnk;h gksxkA QksjeSu dk nkf;Ro ¼2½ tgka ,d ls vf/kd QksjeSu gkas rks mues a ls izR;sd la;a qDr vkSj Ik`Fkdr% ;k ;fn QksjeSu dksbZ QeZ gks rks mlds Hkkxhnkjksa es a ls izR;sd la;qDr vkSj Ik`Fkdr% vkSj ;fn QksjeSu dksbZ fuxe gks rks og fuxe] fpV ls mn~Hkwr gksus okyh ck/;rkvks a ds laca/k es a vfHknkrkvks a ds izfr mRrjnk;h gksxkA 20&& ¼1½ tgka fpV es a QksjeSu ds :Ik esa ,d ls vf/kd O;fDr gks rks mues a ls dkbs Z QksjeSu dk izR;kg`r gksuk Hkh fpV lekIr gksus rd mlls izR;kg`r ugha gksxk tc rd fd bl izdkj izR;kg`r gksus ds lEcU/k es a lHkh viqjLd`r vfHknkrkvks a vkSj vlanRr iqjLd`r vfHknkrkvks a }kjk lEefr u ns nh tk; vkSj ,slh laifRr fn;s tkus ds fnukad ls pkSng fnu ds Hkhrj “ks’k QksjeSuks a }kjk ,slh lgefr dh ,d “kq) izfr nkf[ky u dj nh tk;A ¼2½ QksjeSu dk ,sls izR;kgj.k ls /kkjk 14 ds v/khu nh x;h izfrHkwfr ij dksbZ izHkko ugha iMsxkA 47 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 21&23À v/;k; 4 viqjLd`r vfHknkrk 21&& izR;sd viqjLd`r vfHknkrk visu vfHknk; dk Hkqxrku fpV&djkj esa viqjLd`r vfHknkrk mfYyf[kr le; vkSj LFkku ij djsxk vkSj ,slk Hkqxrku djus ij QksjeSu ls jlhn ikus dk vfHknku dk Hkqxrku djsxa s vkSj jlhn izir djsxa sA gdnkj gksxkA 22&& ¼1½ ¼d½ ,sls viqjLd`r vfHknkrk dk uke] tks fpV&djkj dh “krksZ a ds O;frdzeh vfHknkrkvks a dk vuqlkj vius vfHknku dk Hkqxrku djus esa O;frdze] djrk gS] vfHknkrkvks a dh lwph es a gVk;k tkuk gVk;k tk ldsxkA ¼[k½ uke dk bl izdkj gVk;k tkuk] mlds fnukad lfgr] QksjeSu }kjk j[kh tkus okyh O;frdzeh vfHknkrkvks a dh iqfLrdk es a ntZ fd;k tk;xkA ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu O;frdzeh vfHknkrk dk uke gVk; s tkus ds fnukad ls pkSng fnu ds Hkhrj QksjeSu %& ¼d½ bl rF; dk uksfVl ,sls O;frdzeh vfHknkrk dks nsxk] vkSj ¼[k½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds [k.M ¼[k½ esa fufnZ’V jftLVj es a izfrf’V dh ,d “kq) izfr jftLVªkj ds le{k nkf[ky djsxkA ¼3½ vfHknkrkvks a dh lwph es a viuk uke gVk; s tkus ls {kqC/k dksbZ O;fDrdzeh vfHknkrk] gVk; s tkus dk uksfVl lalwfpr fd;s tkus ds lkr fnu ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj dks vihy dj ldrk gSA ¼4½ jftLVªkj Ik{kdkjks a dks lquokbZ dk volj nsus ds Ik”pkr~ vihy ij ,slk vkns”k ns ldrk gS] ftls og mfpr le>s vkSj jftLVªkj dk fofu”p; vfUre gksxkA 23&& ¼1½ QksjeSu vfHknkrkvks a dh lwph es a ,sls O;frdzeh vfHknkrk ds LFkku ij] vfHknkrk dk izfrLFkkuh ftldk uke /kkjk 22 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu ,slh lwph ls gVk fn;k x;k gks] fdlh O;fDr dks izfrLFkkfir dj ldsxk % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd ,slk izfrLFkkiu rc rd ugha fd;k tk;xk tc rd fd /kkjk 22 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds [k.M ¼d½ ds v/khu O;frdzeh vfHknkrk dks fn;s uksfVl ds rkehy fd;s tkus d s fnukad ls iUnzg fnu O;rhr u gks tk;aA ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ es a fufnZ’V izR;sd izfrLFkkiu dks mlds fnukad lfgr] /kkjk 22 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds [k.M ¼[k½ es a fufnZ’V iqfLrdk es a ntZ fd;k tk;xk vkSj QksjeSu ,slh izR;sd izfof’V dh ,d “kq) izfr] ,sls izfrLFkkiu ds fnukad ls pkSng fnu ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj ds le{k] bl izek.k&Ik= ds lkFk nkf[ky djsxk fd fpV dh mifof/k;ks a dh vkSj fpV&djkj dh izfr] tks “kq) izfr ds :Ik es a izekf.kr gks] izfrLFkkfir vfHknkrk dks ns nh xbZ gSA ¼3½ izfrLFkkfir vfHknkrk ls olwy fd;s x;s vfHknk; ds lHkh cdk;k dks] ftles a ls QksjeSu }kjk vfxze nh xbZ /kujkf”k dks ?kVk fn;k tk;xk] fpV&djkj es a mfYyf[kr fdlh vuqeksfnr cSad es a jftLVªkj ds uke vxyh fdLr ds fnukad ds iwoZ QksjeSu }kjk tek fd;k tk;xkA Li’Vhdj.k& bl mi/kkjk ds iz;kstukFkZ ^^vfHknkuks a ds cdk;k** dk rkRi;Z izfrLFkkfir vfHknkrk ls olwy dh x;h lHkh iwoZorhZ fd”rks a ls gksxkA 48 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 24&26À 24&& ¼1½ tgka fd dksbZ izfrLFkkfir vfHknkrk iqjLdkj /kujkf”k vkgfjr djrk gS] O;frdzeh vfHknkrk dks ns; ogka O;frdzeh vfHknkrk vius va”knkuks a dks] ,slh dVkSrh;kas ds v/khu jgrs gq,] ftldh /kujkf”k ds lEcU/k es a fdl izdkj dk;Zokgh dh O;oLFkk fpV&djkj es a dh tk; vkSj tks fdlh Hkh n”kk es a ,sls O;frdzeh vfHknkrk }kjk igy s tk;xh ls izkIr ykHkka”k ls vf/kd u gksxh] olwy djus dk gdnkj gksxkA ¼2½ O;fDrdeh vfHknkrk }kjk ekax fd;s tkus ij vkSj mlds }kjk lE;d~ :Ik ls gLrk{kfjr vfHkLohd`fr fu’ikfnr djus ij] QksjeSu jftLVªkj dks lHkh dVkSfr;ka djus ds Ik”pkr~ ns; /kujkf”k dh lwpuk nsxk vkSj jftLVªkj ,sls O;frdzeh vfHknkrk ds Ik{k esa pSd ;k Mªk¶V tkjh djsxkA ¼3½ ;fn O;frdzeh vfHknkrk mi;qZDr vfHkLohd`fr nsus es a vlQy jgrk gS rks QksjeSu O;frdzeh vfHknkrk dks ns; /kujkf”k] vxyh fd”r ds fnukad ds iwoZ] fdlh vuqeksfnr cSad es a tek djsxk] vkSj bl izdkj tek djus ds rF; dh fyf[kr lalwpuk O;frdzeh vfHknkrk vkSj jftLVªkj dks nsxkA bl izdkj tek dh xbZ /kujkf”k QksjeSu }kjk O;frdzeh vfHknkrk dks Hkqxrku fd;s tkus ls fHkUu fdlh vU; iz;kstu ds fy;s ugha fudkyh tk;xhA v/;k; 5 iqjLd`r vfHknkrk 25&& IkzR;sd iqjLd`r vfHknkrk] lHkh Hkkoh vfHknk;kas dh dVkSfr;ka fd;s fcuk IkqjLd`r vfHknkrk izfrHkwfr iqjLdkj dh /kujkf”k yus s ds iwoZ] QksjeSu dks Ik;kZIr izfrHkwfr nsxk vkSj QksjeSu ,slh izfrHkwfr nsxk dks Hkkoh vfHknk;kas dk lE;d~ Hkqxrku djus ds fy;s ysxk] vkSj ;fn QksjeSu iqjLd`r vfHknkrk gS ;k /kkjk 15 ds [k.M ¼d½ ds v/khu fpV dh /kujkf”k vkgfjr djrk gS rks og jftLVªkj ds lUrks’kkuqlkj Hkkoh vfHknk;kas d s lE;d~ Hkqxrku ds fy;s izfrHkwfr nsxk % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd QksjeSu ls fHkUu dksbZ iqjLd`r vfHknkrk] ftudh izfrHkwfr dks QksjeSu }kjk Ik;kZIr izfrHkwfr ds :Ik es a Lohdkj u fd;k tk;] ml fnukad ls tc og iqjLd`r vfHknkrk gks tk;] rhu ekl ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj dks vihy dj ldsxk] tks Ik{kdkjks a dks lquokbZ dk volj nsus ds Ik”pkr~ vihy ij ,slk vkns”k ns ldsxk ftls og mfpr le>s]a vkSj ml fo’k; es a mldk fofu”p; vfUre gksxkA 26&& IkzR;sd iqjLd`r vfHknkrk fpV&djkj es a mfYyf[kr le; vkSj LFkku rFkk IkqjLd`r vfHknkrk fu;fefr fnukadks a ij viuk vfHknku fu;fer :Ik ls nsxk vkSj ,slk u djus ij og lHkh Hkkoh :Ik ls vfHknk; nsxk vfHknk;kas dk lesfdr :Ik es a rRdky Hkqxrku djus dk nk;h gksxk % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd QksjeSu fdlh O;frdzeh iqjLd`r vfHknkrk dh vksj ls vfHknk; dh /kujkf”k izfrekl rc rd nsxk tc rd fd ,sls O;fDrdzeh iqjLd`r vfHknkrk ds cdk;k dk lesfdr Hkqxrku vkSj lHkh Hkkoh fdLrs a olwy u gks tk;s a vkSj ml /kujkf”k dks QksjeSu ,sls iqjLd`r vfHknkrk dh vksj ls vius }kjk fn;s x;s vfHknk; dks dkVus ds Ik”pkr~ jftLVªkj ds y[s k s es a tek djsxkA 49 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 27&30À 27&& ¼1½ ;fn Hkkoh vfHknk;kas ds lesfdr Hkqxrkuks a ds fy, QksjeSu }kjk yk;s x;s Lkesfdr Hkqxrku dh fdlh okn es]a O;fDrdzeh iqjLd`r vfHknkrk okn dh lquokbZ ds fy;s fu;r fnukad dks ;k olwyh vkSj mldk fuLrkj.k mlds iwoZ] ml fnukad rd ds vfHknk;kas dk cdk;k vkSj fpV&djkj es a mlds fy;s O;ofLFkr nj ls ;k ckjg izfr”kr izfro’kZ lk/kkj.k C;kt dh nj ls] bles a ls tks Hkh de gks] ml ij C;kt nsus vkSj QksjeSu dks Hkqxrku ds fy;s okn&O;; nsus dks lger gks ;k U;k;ky; esa ns rks] fdlh izfrdwy lafonk ds gksrs gq, Hkh U;k;ky; rnuqlkj fMdzh ikfjr djsxk % izfrcU/k ;g gS fd ;fn dksbZ ,slk okn opu&Ik= ij gks rks bl mi/kkjk ds v/khu dksbZ fMdzh rc rd ikfjr ugha dh tk;sxh tc rd fd ,sls opu&Ik= esa Li’V :Ik ls ;g of.kZr u gks fd rn~/khu ns; /kujkf”k fpV ds vfHknk;kas d s Hkqxrku ds lEcU/k es a gSA ¼2½ izfrHkwfr ds :Ik esa izLrqr dh x;h lEifRr ;k mlds fdlh Hkkx es a fgr j[kus okyk dksbZ O;fDr mi/kkjk ¼1½ d s v/khu Hkqxrku djus dk gdnkj gksxkA ¼3½ ¼d½ QksjeSu }kjk Hkkoh vfHknk;kas ds fy;s olwy fd;s x;s lHkh lesfdr Hkqxrku fdlh vuqeksfnr cSada es a vkxkeh fdLr ds fnukad ds iwoZ tek fd;s tk;asxs vkSj mUgas dsoy Hkkoh vfHkn;ks a ds Hkqxrku ds fy;s gh fudkyk tk ldrk gS ( ¼[k½ tgka dksZ lEifRr lesfdr Hkqxrku ds cny s esa Lohdkj dh tk; rks og Hkkoh vfHknk;kas d s lE;d~ Hkqxrku ds fy, izfrHkwfr ds :Ik eaas cuh jgsxhA v/;k; 6 vUrj.k 28&& ¼1½ iqjLd`r vfHknkrkvks a ls vfHknk; yus s ds QksjeSu ds vf/kdkjks a dk vUrj.k QksjeSu ds vf/kdkjks a ds jftLVªkj dh fyf[kr iwoZ Lohdf`r ds fcuk ugha fd;k tk;xkA vUrj.k ij fucZU/ku ¼2½ dksbZ ,slk viqjLd`r vfHknkrk ;k vlanRr iqjLd`r vfHknkrk] tks ;g nkok djrk gSk fd fdlh ,sls vUrj.k ls mlds fgr ij izfrdwy izHkko iM+xs k] vUrj.k dks vikLr djus ds fy;s jftLVªkj dks vkosnu dj ldrk gS] vkSj jftLVªkj rnFkZ lek/kku gks tkus ij] mu dkj.kks a ls tk s vfHkfyf[kr fd;s tk;sxa s] mls vikLr dj ldrk gSA ¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu fdUgha Hkh dk;Zokfg;ksa es a ;g lkfcr djus dk Hkkj vUrfjrh ij gksxk fd vUrj.k ls fdlh vfHknkrk ds] ftlus ml ij vk{ksi fd;k gks] fgr ij dksbZ izfrdwy izHkko iM+us dh lEHkkouk ugha gAS 29&& fdlh viqjLd`r vfHknkrk }kjk fpV es a mlds vf/kdkjks a dk izR;sd vUrj.k ViqjLd`r vfHknkrk ls fyf[kr :Ik es a gksxk tks de ls de nks lkf{k;kas }kjk lE;d~ :Ik ls vuqizekf.kr gksxk vkSj vf/kdkj dk vUrj.k fyf[kr :I es a gksxk QksjeSu dks izLrqr fd;k tk;xkA 30&& /kkjk 29 ds v/khu izR;sd vUrj.k dks QksjeSu }kjk ekU;rk nh tk;xh] tc QksjeSu }kjk vUrj.k dks rd fd og ;g u le>s fd vUrfjrh “kks/k{ke ugha gS vFkok vUrj.k ls rRle; izo`Rr ekU;rk nsuk fdlh fof/k ds micU/k foQy gkrs s gSaA 50 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 31&35À 31&& /kkjk 28 ;k /kkjk 29 es a fufnZ’V izR;sd vUrj.k Qksjesu }kjk fpV iqfLrdk es a IkqfLrdk es a vUrfjfr;ks a ds rqjUr ntZ fd;k tk;xk vkSj QksjeSu] ,slh izfof’V djus ds fnukad ls pkSng fnu ds Hkhrj uke ntZ djuk ,slh izfof’V dh ,d “kq) izfr jftLVªkj dks izLrqr djsxk] ftlds lkFk ;g izek.k&Ik= gksxk fd fpV dh mifof/k;kas vkSj fpV&djkj dh izfr] tks “kq) izfr ds :Ik es a izekf.kr gks] lEcn~/k vUrfj.kh dks ns nh xbZ gSA v?;k; 7 fpVks a dh lekfIr 32&& ¼1½ tgka ,sls fdlh QksjeSu dh] tks O;fDr gS] e`R;q gks tk; ;k og fod`r dfri; n”kkvks a es a fpVks a fpRr dk ;k vU;Fkk vleFk Z gks tk; rks fpV dks fpV&djkj ds micU/kks a ds vuqlkj] tgka dks tkjh j[kus ds fy;s micU/k djkj es a ,slh O;oLFkk gks] tkjh j[kk tk ldrk gSA ¼2½ ,sls fdlh QksjeSu dh n”kk es a tks QeZ] gks] ;fn fdlh Hkkxhnkj dh e`R;q gks tk; ;k og fod`r fpRr dk ;k vU;Fkk leFk Z gks tk; rks fpV&djkj esa fdUgha izfrdwy micU/kks a ds u gksus ij fpV dks lekIr gqvk ugha le>k tk;xk vkSj mRrjthoh Hkkxhnkj fpV dk lapkyu djsxk ;k djsaxsA 33&& dksbZ fpV lekIr gqbZ le>h tk;xh &&&& fpV dh lekfIr ¼d½ tc fpV&djkj esa fu;r vof/k lekIr gks xbZ gks] ijUrq ;g rc tc fd lHkh vfHknkrkvks a dks ns;ks a dk Hkqxrku iwjk dj fn;k x;k gks] ;k ¼[k½ tc lHkh viqjLd`r rFkk vlanRr iqjLd`r vfHknkrk fpV lekIr djus ds fy;s fyf[kr :Ik es a lEefr ns vkSj ,slh lEefr dh izfr /kkjk 34 dh vis{kkuqlkj nkf[ky dj nh tk;] ;k ¼x½ tc ,sls QksjeSu dh] tks O;fDr gks] e`R;q gks tk; ;k og fod`r fpRr dk ;k vU;Fkk vleFk Z gks tk; vkSj fpV&djkj es a fpV dks tkjh j[kus dh O;oLFkk u gks ;k tc QksjeSu tks fd QeZ gS] ds Hkkxhnkj dh e`R;q gks tk; ;k og fod`r fpRr dk ;k vU;Fkk vleFk Z gks tk; vkSj fpV&djkj es a ,slh n”kk esa fpV dks cUn dj nsus dh O;oLFkk gksA 34&& /kkjk 20 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ;k /kkjk 33 ds [k.M ¼[k½ es a mfYyf[kr izR;sd jftLVªkj ds le{k lEefr lEefr dh] mlds fnukad lfgr] ,d “kq) izfr] ,slh lEEefr fn;s tkus ds fnukad ls pkSng nkf[ky djuk fnu ds Hkhrj QkSjeSu ;k “ks’k QksjeSu ;k QksjeSuksa }kjk jftLVªkj ds le{k nkf[ky dh tk;xs hA 35&& /kkjk 33 [k.M ¼d½ vkSj ¼[k½ es fufnZ’V n”kkvks a ds flok; ------ viqjLd`r vfHknkrkvks a ds va”knku dk ykSVk;k tkuk ¼1½ izR;sd viqjLd`r vfHknkrk] tc rd fd fpV&djkj es a vU;Fkk O;oLFkk u dh x;h gks] fpV dh lekfIr ij] mlds }kjk izkIr ykHkka”k dks] ;fn dksbZ gks] dkVs fcuk viuk va”knku okil ikus dk gdnkj gksxk % 51 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 36&39À IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd dksbZ O;fDr ftls fdlh viqjLd`r vfHknkrk ds vf/kdkj /kkjk 29 ds v/khu vUrfjr fd;s tk;]s vius va”knkuks a ds vfrfjDr] tc rd fd fpV&djkj es a vU;Fkk O;oLFkk u dh xbZ gks] ,sls viqjLd`r vfHknkrk }kjk fn;s x;s va”knkuks a dks okil ikus d s fy;s gdnkj gksxkA ¼2½ ;fn fpV&djkj es a ewyr% fu;r fnukad ds iwoZ fnukad dks fpV lekIr gks tk; rks viqjLd`r vfHknkrk dk nkok ml fnukad ls mn~Hkwr le>k tk;xk tc mls bl izdkj lekIr djus dk uksfVl izkIr gksA 36&& Tkgka fpV ds lEcU/k es a QksjeSu }kjk _.k ns; gks vkSj mlds }kjk vU; _.k vfHknkrkvks a ds ns; fpV Hkh gks ogka vfHknkrkvks a dks ns; fpV lEcU/kh _.k fpV vkfLr;ks a ij izFke Hkkj gksaxsA vkfLr;ks a ij izFke Hkkj gksxa s v/;k; 8 nLrkost dk fujh{k.k 37&& izR;sd QksjeSu] ikap #I; s ls vuf/kd ,slh Qhl tks fpV&djkj es a fofufnZ’V QksjeSu vfHknkrkvks a dks dh tk;] nsus ij] viqjLd`r rkk vlanRr iqjld`r vfHknkrkvks a dks fpV Mªk fd;s tkus ds fpV ds vfHkys[kks a dk ijh{k.k djus dh vuqKk lHkh fnu vFkok ,sls fnu rFkk ,sls le; ds Hkhrj ftldh fpV&djkj es a O;oLFkk dh tk;] nsxk iqjLd`r vfHknkrkvks a ls fy;s x;s ;k vfHknkrk dh gSfl;r ls Lo;a QksjeSu }kjk izLrqr fd;s x;s izfrHkwfr&Ik=ksa vkSj nLrkostks]a jlhnks a rFkk vU; vfHkys[kks a vkSj lHkh fpV&vfHkys[kks a dk ftlds vUrxZr y[s kk&okfg;ka] ikl&rqyu&Ik= vkSj ykHk&ghu dk ys[kk rFkk ,sls vU; vfHkys[k] ftuls fpV ;kstuk dh okLrfod foRrh; fLFkfr iznf”kZr gks] Hkh gS] fujh{k.k djus ds fy;s lHkh ;qfDr;qDr lqfo/kk;s a nsxkA 38&& fpV lEcU/kh lHkh vfHkys[k QksjeSu }kjk vfody :Ik es a ifjjf{kr fd;s QkSjeSu }kjk fpV tk;xass s vkSj fpV lekIr gksus d s fnukad ls N% o’kZ dh vof/k ds fy;s j[k s tk;asxsA vfHkys[kks a dk ifjj{k.k 39&& ¼1½ jftLVªkj ;k mlds }kjk rnFk Z izkf/kdr` dksbZ vf/kdkjh fpV&iqfLrdkvks a fpV iqfLrdkvks a dk vkSj fpV lEcU/kh lHkh vfHkys[kks a dk fujh{k.k dj ldrk gSA fujh{k.k rFkk vfHkys[kks a dk fujh{k.k ¼2½ izR;sd QksjeSu jftLVªkj ;k mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu izkf/kdr` vf/kdkjh ds le{k ,sls le; vkSj LFkku ij] tSlh og vis{kk djs]a fpV&iqfLrdkvks a vkSj vfHkys[kks a dks izLrqr djus d s fy;s ck/; gksxk vkSj mls dksbZ vU; lwpuk] ftldh og vis{kk djs] nsxk % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd ,slk fujh{k.k QksjeSu ds Hkw&x`gkfn ij fd;k tk ldrk gS] ;fn og vfxze :Ik ls ,slh Qhl ns] tks fujh{k.k ds fy;s fofgr dh tk; % vxzsrj izfrcU/k ;g gS fd ;fn QksjeSu caSafdx dEiuh; ,sDV] 1949 esa ;FkkifjHkkf’kr ,sDV la- 10] 1949 dksbZ csdjkjh dEiuh gks rks ,slk fujh{k.k dsoy dEiuh ds Hkw&xzgkfn ij vkSj dsoy dk;Z fnol dks gh fd;k tk;xk vkSj ,slk QksjeSu ,slh Qhl nsxk] tks fujh{k.k ds fy;s fofgr dh tk;A 52 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 40À ¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ es a mfYyf[kr dksbZ vf/kdkjh vius le{k izLrqr dh xbZ fdUgha y[s kk&cfg;ks a ;k nLrkostks a dks ,slh vof/k ds fy;s ftls og mfpr le>s] ifjcn~/k dj ldrk gS vkSj viuh vfHkj{kk es a j[k ldrk gS % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd ,slk vf/kdkjh& ¼d½ ys[kk&cfg;ks a ;k vU; nLrkostks a dks ifjcn~/k djus d s vius dkj.kks a dks vfHkfyf[kr fd;s fcuk ,slk ugha djsxk] ;k ¼[k½ flok; Ik;kZIr rFkk viokfnr dkj.kks a ds tks vfHkfyf[kr fd;s tk;saxs] vodk”k ds fnu dks vioftZr djrs gq, iUnzg fnu ls vf/kd vof/k ds fy, vkSj jftLVªkj ls fHkUu vf/kdkjh dh n”kk esa jftLVªkj ls rnFk Z fyf[kr vuqeksnu fy, fcuk viuh vfHkj{kk es a fdUgha ,slh iqfLrdkvks a ;k nLrkostks a dks ugha j[kxs kA v/;k; 9 fpVks a dk ifjlekiu 40&& fpV ,sls fofgr izkf/kdkjh }kjk] ftldh ml LFkku ij tgka fpV jftLVªhdr` fpV dc ikfjlekfIkr dh dh x;h gks] vf/kdkfjrk gks] ifjlekfIkr dh tk ldrh gS] ;fn&&& tk ldrh gS ¼d½ fpV /kkjk 33 ds [k.M ¼x½ d s v/khu lekIr gks x;h gS] ;k ¼[k½ QksjeSu /kkjk 14 es a fofufnZZ’V izfrHkwfr nsus es a lQy jgrk gS ;k ;fn og mlds lEcU/k es a ,slk dk; Z djrk gS] ftlls izfrHkwfr ds Lo:Ik ;k mlds ewY; lkfRod :Ik ls g`kl gks ldrk gks] ;k ¼x½ QksjeSu bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kks a ds vuqlkj dh /kujkf”k tek djus es a vlQy jgrk gS ;k ¼?k½ fofgr izkf/kdkjh ds lUrks’kkuqlkj ;g fl) gks tk; fd QksjeSu vfHknkrkvks a dks ns; /kujkf”k dk Hkqxrku djus es a vleFk Z gS] ;k ¼³½ fpV ds fdlh vfHknkrk dks ns; /kujkf”k;ks a ds lEcU/k es a mlds Ik{k es a fdlh U;k;ky; dh fMdzh ;k vkns”k ij tkjh fd;k x;k fu’iknu ;k vU; vknsf”kdk iw.kZr% ;k vkaf”kd :Ik es a ykSVk nh tkrh gS] ;k ¼p½ ;g lkfcr gks tk;s fd iqjLdkj vfHknkrkvks a ls izR;kHkwfr;ka yus s ds ekey s es a QksjeSu dh vksj ls diV ;k nqLlaf/k dh x;h gS] ;k ¼N½ QksjeSu us Hkkoh vfHknk;kas ds fy, Ik;kZIr izR;ko`fr fn;s fcuk] vfHknkrk dh gSfl;r ls iqjLdkj dh /kujkf”k fofu;ksftr dh gS] ;k ¼t½ ;g vU;Fkk U;k;laxr vkSj lkE;ksfpr gks fd fpV ifjlekfIkr dj nh tkuh pkfg,A Li’Vhdj.k %& [k.M ¼?k½ ds iz;kstukFkZ ;g vo/kkfjr djus es a fd D;k QksjeSu vfHknkrkvks a dks ns; /kujkf”k;ka nsus es a vleFk Z gS] fofgr izkf/kdkjh fpV ds lEcU/k es a mlds lekfJr rFkk Hkkoh nkf;Roks a dks /;ku es a j[kxs k % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd dEiuht ,sDV] 1956 ds vUrxZr fdlh dEiuh }kjk lapkfyr fpV dsoy ml U;k;ky; }kjk] ftldk ml vf/kfu;e ds v/khu vf/kdkfjrk gks] ifjlekfir dh tk ldrh gSA 53 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 41&46À 41&& fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s ;FkkfLFkfr fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; dks Ikfjlekiu ds fy;s vkosnu fdlh viqjLd`r vfHknkrk ;k vlanRr iqjLd`r vfHknkrk }kjk ;k jftLVªkj }kjk vkosnu&Ik= ;kfpdk ds :Ik es a fn;k tk;sxkA flfoy izfdz;k lafgrk] 1908 }kjk fofgr jhfr ls gLrk{kfjr rFkk lR;kfir gksxh] vkSj mles a ,slh fof”kf’V;ka gkxs h tks fofgr dh tk;as % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd /kkjk 40 ds [k.M ¼?k½ ;k [k.M ¼t½ d s v/khu fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s dkbs Z vkosnu rc rd ugha fn;k tk ldsxk tc rd fd ,slh ;kfpdk & ¼d½ ,sls viqjLd`r vfHknkrkvks a rFkk vlanRr iqjLd`r vfHknkrkvks a }kjk ftuds fpV es a vfHknk;kas dk ;ksx leLr viqjLd`r vfHknkrkvks a rFkk vlanRr iqjLd`r vfHknkrkvks a }kjk vlanRr /kujkf”k ds iPphl izfr”kr ls de u gks] ;k ¼[k½ jftLVªkj }kjk ;k mldh iwoZ Lohdf`r ls] izLrqr u dh tk;A Li’Vhdj.k %& bl izfrcU/kkRed [k.M ds iz;kstukFkZ] fVdV ds fHkUuka”k dk vfHknkrk dsoy ml fHkUuka”k rd gh vfHknkrk le>k tk;xs kA 42&& /kkjk 40 rFkk 41 esa fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s fnokyk ;k lekiu fufgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; }kjk /kkjk 40 ds v/khu dksbZ ;kfpdk xzg.k ugha dh tk;xh] ifjlekiu dk;Zokfg;ksa dks oftZr djsxh ;fn QksjeSu dks fnokfy;k U;k; fu.khZr djus ds fy;s izkfofU”k;y bUlkyosUlh ,sDV] 1020 ds v/khu mldh fo#) dk;Zokfg;ks a fopkjk/khu gks vFkok tgka QksjeSu dksbZ dEiuh gks] dEiuht ,sDV] 1956 ds v/khu ml dEiuh ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s mlds fo:n~/k dk;oZ kfg;ka fopkj/khu gksA 43&& fdlh fpV ds ifjlekiu dk vkns”k mu lHkh vfHknkrkvks a ds Ik{k es a izofrZr Ikfjlekiu vkns”k dk gksxk] ftUgas fpV ls /kujkf”k;ka ns; gks vkSj og ifjlekiu ds fy;s vkosnu izLrqr fd;s tkus izkjEHk vkSj izHkko ds le; ls izHkkoh le>k tk;sxkA 44& fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky;] QksjeSu ds ;k fdlh ,sls vfHknkrk ds ftls fpV vUrfje fjlhoj rFkk vU; ds lEcU/k es a /kujkf”k ns; gks] vkosnu ij] bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fpV ds ifjlekiu ds dk;Zokfg;ksa dk jksdk tkuk fy;s vkosnu Ik= izLrqr fd;s tkus ds Ik”pkr fdlh Hkh le;] varfje fjlhoj fu;qDr fd;s tkus dk vFkok fpV ds lEcU/k esa ns; /kujkf”k dh olwyh ds fy;s QksjEkSu ds fo#) lafLFkr fdlh ckn ;k dk;oZ kgh es a vxzsrj dk;oZ fg;ks a dks ,slh “krksaZ ij ftUgs a fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; mfpr le>s] jksdus dk vkns”k ns ldrk gSA 45&& vkosnu dh lquokbZ ij fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; mls [kpZ lfgr ;k fcuk vkosnu&Ik= dh lquokbZ [kpZ ds [kkfjt dj ldrk gS vFkok l”krZ ;k fcuk “krZ ds lquokbZ LFkfxr dj ldrk gS ;k ij U;k;ky; dh “kfDr;ka vUrfje vkns”k ;k dksbZ vU; vkns”k ns ldrk gS] tSlk og mfpr le>sA 46&& fpV ds ifjlekiu dk vkns”k fn;s x;s tkus ij fpV dh lEiw.kZ vkfLr;ka mu forj.k ds fy;s fpV vfHknkrkvks a es a forj.k ds fy;s] ftUgas fpV ds laca/k es a /kujkf”k;ka ns; gks] ;FkkfLFkfr] fofgr vkfLr;ka fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; es a fufgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; es a fufgr gks tk;sxh vkSj ,slh fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; fjlhoj gksxa h fu;qDr djsxk rFkk bl fo’k; es a ,sls vkns”k nsxk] tks og mfpr le>sA 54 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 47&51À 47&& Tkgka fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k fdlh U;k;ky; }kjk dksbZ ifjlekiu vkns”k fn;k Ikfjlekiu ds vkns”kks a ij x;k gks] ogka fpV ds lEcU/k es a vfHknkrk dks ns; /kujkf”k dh olwyh ds fy;s vfHknkrk }kjk ckn vkfn dk #d tkuk QksjeSu ds fo#) dksbZ okn ;k vU; fof/kd dk;oZ kfg;kaa flok; fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; dh vuqefr ls vkSj ,slh “krksZ a ij ftUgas fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; vf/kjksfir djs]a u rks tkjh j[kh tk;asxh vkSj u izkjEHk dh tk;asxhA 48&& ¼1½ ifjlekiu vkns”k ds fn;s tkus ij] ifjlekiu dk;oZ kfg;ksa ds ;kph dk vkns”k dh izfr jftLVªkj vkSj fjlhoj dk ;g drZO; gksxk fd os vkns”k dh ,d izfr] vkns”k fn;s tkus ds fnukad ls ds ikl nkf[ky dh tk;xh ,d Hkkx ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj ds le{k nkf[ky djsa % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd jftLVªkj ,sls ;kph ;k fjlhoj ds fyf[kr vkosnu ij] Lofoosdkuqlkj] ,slh dksbZ izfr nkf[ky djus ds fy;s iUnzg fnu ls vuf/kd dk vkSj le; ns ldrk gSA ¼2½ ifjlekiu vkns”k dh izfr nkf[ky djus ij jftLVªkj fpV ls lEcfU/kr viuh iqfLrdkvks a es a mlds ckjs es a ntZ djsxk vkSj mls ljdkjh xtV es a vf/klfwpr djsxkA 49&& ¼1½ tgka fpV ds ifjlekiu dh dk;oZ kfg;ks a ds fopkjk/khu jgus ds nkSjku QksjeSu ds fnokfy;k gksus QksjeSu fnokfy;k U;k;fu.khZr fd;k tk; vFkok tc QksjeSu dksbZ dEiuh gks ml dEiuh ij ifjlekiu dk;Zokfg;ks a dk LFkxu vkSj fnokyk dks dEiuht ,sDV] 1956 ds v/khu ifjlekiu dk vkns”k fn;k tk; rks bl vf/kfu;e ds fo’k;d dk;Zokfg;ks a dk v/khu ifjlekiu dk;Zokfg;ka lekIr gks tk;asxh] vkSj /kkjk 36 vkSj 44 ds micU/kks a ds v/khu vUrj.k jgrs gq,] fpV vkfLr;ks a dk forj.k] ;FkkfLFkfr] fnokyk fo’k;d U;k;ky; ;k dEiuh dks ifjlekfir djus okys U;k;ky; }kjk fd;k tk;xkA ¼2½ tgka QksjeSu ds fo#) fnokyk fo’k;d dk;oZ kfg;ka fofHkUu U;k;ky;ks a es a fopkjk/khu gks rks mDr U;k;ky; fdUgha dk;Zokfg;ks a dks ,d U;k;ky; ls nwljs U;k;ky; dks vUrfjr dj ldrk gSaA 50&& ¼1½ tgka fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s fn;k x;k vkosnu [kkfjt dj fn;k RkqPN ;k rax djus oky s tk; vkSj fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; dk ;g lek/kku gks tk; fd vkosnu rqPN ;k rax vkosnu ds fy, izfrdj djus okyk gS rks fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; vkosnd ds fo#) ikap lkS #Ik;s ls vuf/kd mruh /kujkf”k vf/kfu.khZr dj ldrk gS] ftls og vkosnu vkSj mlds lEcU/k esa dk;oZ kfg;ksa ds dkj.k QksjeSu dh gqbZ {kfr ;k C;; ds fy;s QksjeSu dks fn;k tkus okyk ;qfDr;qDr izfrdj le>s] vkSj ,slh /kujkf”k bl izdkj olwy dh tk;xh ekuks a vfHkfu.kZ; dksbZ fMdh gksA ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu izfrdj ds vfHkfu.kZ; ls izfrdj dk dksbZ Ik`Fkd okn oftZr gks tk;sxkA 51&& ¼1½ dksbZ O;fDr] tks fpV ds ifjlekiu dh dk;oZ kfg;ks a es]a fofgr izkf/kdkjh vihy djus dk vf/kdkj ;k mPp U;k;ky; ls fHkUu fdlh U;k;ky; ds fofu”p; ;k vkns”k ls O;fFkr gks] ,sls fofu”p; ;k vkns”k ds fnukad ls nks ekl dh vof/k ds Hkhrj mPp U;k;ky; dks vihy dj ldrk gS] ftldk ml ij fofu”p; vfUre gksxkA ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds micU/kks a ds v/khu jgrs gq,] ,slh dk;oZ kfg;ks a es a fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; dk izR;sd fofu”p; ;k vkns”k vfUre gksxkA 55 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 52&53À 52&& ¼1½ tgka bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fpV ifjlekfir djus ls bUdkj djus dk Ikfjlhek vkns”k fn;k tk; ogka viqjLd`r vfHknkrkvks a ds lEcU/k es a fpV dks mDr vkosnu&Ik= izLrqr djus ds fnukad ls ,sls vkns”k ds fnukad rd fuyfEcr le>k tk;xk] vkSj fpV djkj es a fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] ,sls fdlh viqjLd`r vfHknkrk dks tk s fijlekiu ds fy;s vkosnu izLrqr fd;s tkus ds fnukad dks O;fDrdzeh ugha Fkk] mlds [kkfjt fd;s tkus ds fnukad dks O;fDrdzeh ugha le>k tk;xs kA ¼2½ tgka bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fpV dks ifjlekfIr djus ls bUdkj djus dk vkns”k fn;k x;k gks] ogka ml okn ;k vkosnu ls] ftlds lEcU/k esa fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; dh vuqefr ys yh x;h gks] fHkUu fdlh ckn ;k fof/kd dk;oZ kfg;ksa ds fy;s tks yk;h x;h gks] ;k lafLFkr dh x;h gks] fofgr ifjlhek dky dh lax.kuk es a ls fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s vkosnu izLrqr djus ds fnukad ls mls bUdkj djus ds vkns”k ds fnukad rd dh vof/k fudky nh tk;xhA ¼3½ bl vf/kfu;e dh fdlh ckr ls ,slh “ks’k /kujkf”k ds fy,] ;fn dksbZ gks] tks vfHknkrk dks fpV ds ifjlekiu dh dk;oZ kfg;ks a es a vfUre ykHkka”k ?kksf’kr fd;s tkus ds Ik”pkr~ ns; gks] QksjeSu ds fo#) O;fDrxr :Ik ls okn ;k vkosnu }kjk dk;oZ kgh djus ds vfHknkrk ds vf/kdkj ij dksbZ izHkko ugha iM+xs k] vkSj fdlh ,sls ckn ;k vosnu ds fy;s fofgr ifjlhek dky dh lax.kuk es a ls fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s vkosnu izLrqr djus ds fnukad ls vfUre ykHkka”k ?kksf’kr fd;s tkus d s fnukad rd dh vof/k fudky nh tk;xs hA v/;k; 10 vf/kdkjh] fujh{k.k vkSj Qhl 53&& ¼1½ jkT; ljdkj] ljdkjh xtV esa] vf/klpw uk }kjk] fpV jftLVªkj vkSj jftLVªkj vkSj y[s kk& mrus vij] la;qDr] mi rFkk lgk;d jftLVªkj ftrus vko”;d gks]a fu;qDr dj ldrh gSA ijh{kd ¼2½ vij] la;qDr] mi ;k lgk;d jftLVªkj ds lkekU; v/kh{k.k rFkk fu;a=.k ds v/khu bl vf/kfu;e ds varxZr jftLVªkj ds ,sls d`R;ks a dk fuoZgu djsxk] tks jftLVªkj rnFk Z fofufnZ’V djsA ¼3½ jftLVªkj mrus fpV y[s kk&ijh{kd fu;qDr dj ldrk gS] ftrus bl vf/kfu;e }kjk ;k blds v/khu fpV&ys[kk ijh{kdksa ij vf/kjksfir drZO;ks a ds fuoZgu ds iz;kstukFkZ vko”;d gksA ¼4½ tgka jftLVªkj dh ;g jk; gks fd fdlh fpV ds y[s k s mfpr :Ik ls j[k s ugha tkrs gSa vkSj y[s kksa dh y[s kk&ijh{kk dh tkuh pkfg;s] ogka ,sls y[s kks a dh fdlh fpV y[s kk&ijh{kd }kjk y[s kk&ijh{kk djuk mlds fy, fof/kiw.kZ gksxkA lEc) fpV ds QksjeSu dk ;g dRrZO; gksxk fd og fpV y[s kk&ijh{kd ds le{k fpV ls lEcfU/kr lHkh y[s kks]a iqfLrdkvks a rFkk vU; vfHkys[kks a dks izLrqr dj] mls ,slh lwpuk ns ftldh vis{kk dh tk;] vkSj mls ,slh lHkh lgk;rk rFkk lqfo/kk;s a ns]a tks vko”;d ;k ;qfDr;qDr gksa vkSj ftudh fpV ds y[s kks a dh ijh{kk djus d s lEcU/k es a vis{kk dh tk;A ¼5½ QksjeSu] mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds v/khu fpV ds y[s kks a dh ijh{kk ds fy, fpV&ijh{kdks a dks ,slh Qhl nsxk] tks fofgr dh tk;A 56 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 54&57À 54&& fpV jftLVªkj “kk”or mRrjkf/kdkjh okyk ,dy fuxe gksxk vkSj mldh ,d jftLVªkj ,dek= fu;e lkekU; eqnzk gksxh rFkk mls lEifRr vftZr djus] /kkj.k djus vkSj mldk fuLrkj.k djus gksxk dh “kfDr gksxh rFkk og vius fuxfer uke ls okn izLrqr dj ldsxk vkSj mlds fo#) okn izLrqr fd;k tk ldsxkA 55&& dksbZ O;fDr ,slh Qhl nsus ij] tks fofgr dh tk;& jftLVªkj ds dk;kZy; es a nLrkostks a dk fujh{k.k ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªkj }kjk j[k s x;s fdUgha nLrkostks a ;k vfHkys[k dk fujh{k.k dj ldrk gS] vkSj ¼2½ ,sls fdlh nLrkost ;k vfHkys[k dh izekf.kr izfr ;k mlls m)j.k ys ldrk gSA 56&& ¼1½ jftLVªkj dks && Qhl dk mn~xzg.k ¼d½ /kkjk 3 ds v/khu fpV dh mifof/k;kas d s jftLVªhdj.k] ¼[k½ /kkjk 7 ds v/khu dkjksckj izkjEHk djus dk izek.k&Ik= nsus] ¼x½ jftLVªkj ds le{k fpV djkj vkSj /kkjk 12] 22] 23] 31 vkSj 34 ds v/khu nLrkostks a dh izfrfyfi;ka nkf[ky djus] ¼?k½ /kkjk 55 ds v/khu nLrkostks a rFkk vfHkys[kks a dk fujh{k.k djus] ¼³½ /kkjk 55 ds v/khu nLrkostks a rFkk vfHkys[kksa dh izekf.kr izfrfyfi;ka ;k muls m)j.k yus s] ¼p½ QksjeSu ds y[s kksa dh y[s kk&ijh{kk djus vkSj y[s kk&ijh{kk izek.k&Ik= nsus] rFkk ¼N½ ,sls vU; fo’k;] tks fofgr fd;s tk,] ds fy;s ,slh Qhl nh tk;sxh tks fofgr dh tk;A ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu ns; Qhl lkj.kh ljdkjh xtV es a izdkf”kr dh tk;xs hA v/;k; 11 Ikzdh.kZ 57&& ¼1½ dksbZ QksjeSu] tks jftLVªkj ds ,sls vkns”k ls O;fFkr gks] ftlds }kjk ----- vihy ¼d½ /kkjk 3 mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu fpV dh mifof/k;kas dh jftLVªh djus ls budkj fd;k x;k gks] ¼[k½ /kkjk 7 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu izkjEHk djus dk izek.k&Ik= nsus ls bUdkj fd;k x;k gksA ¼x½ /kkjk 14 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds [k.M ¼d½ ds v/khu ;k /kkjk 25 ds v/khu izLFkkfir izfrHkwfr Lohdkj djus ls bUdkj fd;k x;k gks] ¼?k½ /kkjk 14 dh mi/kkjk ¼4½ ;k mi/kkjk ¼5½ ds v/khu izfrHkwfr ds :Ik es a Hkkfjr lEifRr dks fueqZDr djus ls ;k udn izfrHkwfr ;k ljdkjh izfrHkwfr;ks a dks fueqZDr djus dk vkns”k nsus ls bUdkj fd;k x;k gks] ;k 57 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 58&59À ¼M-½ /kkjk 28 dh mi/kkkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu vUrj.k dh Lohdf`r nsus ls bUdkj fd;k x;k gks] Okg ,slk vkns”k lalwfpr fd;s tkus ds rhu fnu ds Hkhrj jkT; ljdkj dks ;k ,sls vf/kdkjh ;k izkf/kdkjh dks] tks jkT; ljdkj }kjk rnFk Z jk”kDr gks] vihy dj ldrk gSA ¼2½ jkT; ljdkj ;k ;Fkk miq;ZDr ,slk vf/kdkjh] ;k izkf/kdkjh] vihykFkhZ vkSj jftLVªkj vFkok mlds izfrfuf/k dks lquokbZ dk volj nsus ds Ik”pkr~ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu vihy ij ,slk vkns”k ns ldrk gS ftls og mfpr le>s] vkSj bl izdkj fn;k x;k fofu”p; vfUre gksxkA 58&& jftLVªkj] Lofodsdkuqlkj vkSj /kkjk 22 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½] /kkjk 23 dh mi/kkjk dfri; ekeyks a es a foyEc ¼2½] /kkjk 31 ;k /kkjk 34 es a fofufnZ’V pkSng fnu dh vof/k ds Hkhrj fdlh QksjeSu }kjk dks miefiZr djus dh jftLVªkj dh “kfDr fyf[kr vkosnu nsus ij] QksjeSu dks Åij fufnZ’V fdUgha micU/kks a ds v/khu fdlh nLrkost dh izfr nkf[ky djkus d s fy;s iUnzg fnu ls vuf/kd dk vfrfjDr le; ns ldrk gSA 59&& ¼1½ tks dksbZ /kkjk 3] /kkjk 4 ;k /kkjk 7 ds fdUgha micU/kks a dk mYya?ku djsxk “kkfLr;ka vFkok mYya?ku fd;s tkus dk nq’izsj.kk djsxk] og dkjkokl ls ftldh vof/k nks o’kZ rd dh gks ldsxh ;k tqekZus ls tk s ikap gtkj #Ik;s rd gks ldsxk ;k nksuks a ls n.Muh; gksxkA ¼2½ dksbZ QksjeSu] tks ;fqDr ;qDr dkj.k ds fcuk& ¼d½ /kkjk 6 dh vis{kkuqlkj fpV&djkj ;k mles a fdlh ifjorZu ;k ifjo)Zu dks ;k /kkjk 12] /kkjk 22 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½ /kkjk 23 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½] /kkjk 31 ;k /kkjk 34 ds v/khu fdlh nLrkost dh izfr dks mls nkf[ky djus ds fy;s fofufnZ’V vof/k ds Hkhrj ;k bl izdkj nkf[ky djus ds fy;s /kkjk 58 ds v/khu vuqKkr vfrfjDr le; ds Hkhrj nkf[ky djus es a vlQy jgsxk] ;k ¼[k½ /kkjk 8] /kkjk 14 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ vkSj ¼6½] /kkjk 16] /kkjk 17] /kkjk 23] /kkjk 24] /kkjk 25] /kkjk 27 dh mi/kkjk ¼3½] /kkjk 31] /kkjk 37] /kkjk 38] /kkjk 39 vkSj /kkjk 53 dh mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds fdUgha micU/kks a dk vU;Fkk mYya?ku djsxk] ;k ¼x½ ml fnukad] le;

vkSj LFkku ds lEcU/k es a ftl ij fpV fudkyh tkuh gks] fpV&djkj dh fdUgha vis{kkvks a dk vuqikyu djus es a vU;Fkk vlQy jgsxk] Rkks og dkjkokl ls] ftldh vof/k ,d o’kZ rd dh gks ldsxh ;k tqekZus ls tk s ,d gtkj #Ik;s rd gks ldsxk ;k nksuks a ls n.Muh; gksxkA ¼3½ tks dksbZ ml vf/kfu;e ds fdUgha micU/kks a }kjk ;k muds fdUgha iz;kstuks a ds fy, visf{kr fdlh nLrkost es a tkucw> dj dksbZ feF;kk dFku djsxk] og dkjkokl] ftldh vof/k ,d o’kZ rd gks ldsxh ;k tqekZus ls tks ikap gtkj #Ik;k rd gks ldsxk ;k nksuks a ls n.Muh; gksxkA ¼4½ jftLVªkj] dk;oZ kfg;ka lafLFkr fd;s tkus ds iwoZ ;k mlds iz”pkr~ fdlh vijk/k ds “keu dj ldrk gS rFkk ,slh “keu Qhl] tks og mfpr le>s] izfrx`ghr dj ldrk gS vkSj rRi”pkr vijk/kh dks] ;fn og vfHkj{kk es a gks] mUeDq r dj fn;k tk;xs k vkSj mlds fo#n~/k dksbZ vxzsrj dk;oZ kfg;ka ugha dh tk;asxh % 58 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 60&65À IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd jftLVªkj mi/kkjk ¼1½ ;k mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu fdlh vijk/k dk “keu jkT; ljdkj ds vuqeksnu ds fcuk ugha djsxkA 60&& dksbZ U;k;ky; bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu n.Muh; vijk/k dk laKku jftLVªkj vijk/k dk laKku }kjk fyf[kr ifjokn ij gh djsxk] vU;Fkk ughaA 61&& bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu tqekZuk vf/kjksfir djus okyk U;k;ky; ;k /kkjk 59 TkqekZus dk mi;ksx dh mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds v/khu fdlh vijk/k dk “keu djus okyk jftLVªkj ;g funs”k ns ldrk gS fd olwy fd;k x;k lEiw.kZ tqekZuk ;k mldk dksbZ Hkkx dk;Zokfg;ks a ds [kpZ es a ;k mldk Hkqxrku djus d s izfr mi;ksx fd;k tk;A 62&& ¼1½ jftLVªkj] ,slh lgk;rk ls ftls og vko”;d le>s] fdlh ,sls LFkku es a fdlh LFkku es a izos”k djus ftlds ckjs es a mls ;g lUnsg gks fd ogka fdlh O;fDr }kjk bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kks a dk vkSj ryk”kh ysus rFkk nLrkost vkfn vfHkxzghr mYya?ku djds fpV dk lapkyu fd;k tk jgk gS ;k fd;k x;k gS] izos”k dj ldrk gS vkSj vkfn vfHkxzghr djus dh ,slh iqfLrdkvks]a jftLVjks]a ys[k s ;k vU; nLrkostks a dks tks ml LFkku ij feysa] fujh{k.k dj “kfDr ldrk gS % izfrcU/k ;g gS fd ;fn jftLVªkj ml LFkku ds dksbZ iqfLrdk] jftLVj y[s kk ;k nLrkost gVkrk gS rks og ml LFkku ds izHkkjh O;fDr dks jlhn nsxk] ftlesa bl izdkj gVkbZ xbZ iqfLrdk] jftLVj] y[s kk ;k nLrkost dk mYys{k gksxk % vxzsrj izfrcU/k ;g gS fd ml LFkku ls iqfLrdk,a] jftLVjks a y[s kks a rFkk nLrkostks a dks gVkus ds iUnzg fnu ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj ;k rks ,sls O;fDr ls iqfLrdkvks]a jftLVjks]a y[s kks a rFkk nLrkostks a dks tc mlds }kjk visf{kr gks] izLrqr djus ds fy;s ,slh izfrHkwfr] ftls og vko”;d le>s] yus s ds Ik”pkr~ mUgas ml O;fDr dks ftldh vfHkj{kk ls mUgas gVk;k x;k Fkk] ykSVk nsxk vFkok mudk fuLrkj.k djus ds fy;s ,slk vkns”k ns ldrk gS] tks mls U;k;laxr vkSj mi;qDr izrhr gksAa ¼2½ jftLVªkj dks] fdlh ,sls O;fDr dks ftlds ckjs es a mls ;g izrhr gks fd mlds ikl fdlh fpV ds lEcU/k es a dksbZ lwpuk gS] vius le{k mifLFkr gksus ;k dksbZ nLrkost izLrqr djus ;k izLrqr djkus dh vis{kk djus vkSj ,sls O;fDr dh “kiFk ij ijh{kk djus dk izkf/kdkj gksxkA ¼3½ jftLVªkj] fdlh Fkkus ds izHkkjh vf/kdkjh dh lgk;rk ds fy;s vkosnu dj ldrk gS vkj bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu vius drZO;ks a dk ikyu djus ds fy;s fdlh iqfyl izkf/kdkjh dks lkFk pyus vkSj lgk;rk nsus d s fy;s y s tk ldrk gSA 63&& fdlh fpV ds lEcU/k esa lHkh Hkqxrku] pkgs og QksjeSu }kjk fd;s tk, ;k Hkqxrku nLrkost }kjk vfHknkrk }kjk] fyf[kr :Ik es a nLrkostks a }kjk lkf{;r gksxa sA lkf{kIr gksxk 64&& dksbZ U;k;ky;] bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu mn~Hkwr gksus okys nkoks a ij ckjg Ckkjg izfr”kr ls vf/kd izfr”kr izfro’kZ lk/kkj.k C;kt l s vf/kd C;kt vf/kfu.khZr ugha djsxkA C;kt dh vuqKk ugha nh tk;sxhA 65&& bl vf/kfu;e ds iwoZorhZ micU/kks a es a fdlh ckr ls] fpV&djkj es a fn;s x;s dfri; ekeyks a es a vuqrks’k fdUgha micU/kks a ds fo#) dksbZ vuqrks’k nsus ds fy;s] ;fn os v;qfDrlaxr ;k fdlh fof/k ds nsus dh U;k;ky; dh “kfDRk micU/kks a ds izfrdwy gks]a U;k;ky; es a fufgr “kfDr;ks a ij dksbZ izHkko ugha iM+xs kA 59 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 66&69À 66&& bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªkj ;k fdlh vU; vf/kdkjh dks QksjeSu }kjk QksjEkSu }kjk ns; fdlh Qhl d s :Ik es a ns; leLr /kujkf”k;ka Hkw&jktLo ds cdk;k ds :Ik es a olwyh gksxhA /kujkf”k;ks a dh olwyh 67&& ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/k] vf/kfu;e ds izkjEHk ds iwoZ “kq: dh xbZ fpVks a vf/kfu;e dk ykxw gksuk ij bl izfrcU/k ds lkFk ykxw gksxa s fd ,slh fpVks a dh n”kk es a fpV vkjEHk ;k lapkfyr djus ds fy;s mRrjnk;h O;fDr ,sls izkjEHk ls rhu ekl ds Hkhrj bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa dk vuqikyu djsxa sA ¼2½ bl vf/kfu;e dh dksbZ ckr fdlh ,slh fpV ij] ftldh fpV&/kujkf”k] ;k tgka ,d gh QksjeSu }kjk ,d lkFk nks ;k mlls vf/kd fpVs a vkjEHk ;k lapkfyr dh tk,] rks ftudh fpV /kujkf”k dk ;ksx] ,d lkS #Ik;s ls vf/kd u gks] ykxw u gksxkA 68&& jkT; ljdkj] ljdkjh xtV esa vf/klpw uk izdkf”kr djds ,sls fdlh O;fDr NwV nsus dh “kfDr ;k fdlh oxZ ds O;fDr;ks a dks ;k ,slh fdlh fpV ;k fdlh oxZ dh fpVks a dks] ftu ij og vf/kfu;e ykxw gksrk gS] ,slh “krksaZ ds v/khu] ftUgas og mfpr le>s] blds lHkh ;k fdUgha micU/kks a ls NwV ns ldrh gS vkSj fdlh ,slh vf/klpw uk dk jn~n ;k ifj’d`r dj ldrh gSA 69&& ¼1½ jkT; ljdkj] ljdkjh xtV es a vf/klwpuk }kjk] bl vf/kfu;e ds fu;e cukus dh “kfDr iz;kstuks a dks dk;kZfUor djus d s fy;s fu;e cuk ldrh gSA ¼2½ fof”k’Vr% vkSj iwoZorhZ O;fDr dh O;kidrk ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk ,sls fu;eks a }kjk fuEufyf[kr dh O;oLFkk ;k fofu;eu fd;k tk ldrk gS % ------ ¼d½ fofgr fd;s tkus ds fy;s bl vf/kfu;e }kjk vfHkO;Drr% visf{kr ;k vuqKkr lHkh fo’k;] ¼[k½ og jhfr] ftlds vuqlkj vfHknkrkvks a ds lkekU; fudk; dh lkekU; vkSj fo”ks’k cSBd cqyk;h tk;xs h vkSj gksxha] ¼x½ og jhfr] ftlds vuqlkj vfHknkrkvks a ds lkekU; fudk; dh lkekU; vkSj mi fof/k;ka cukus] mudh jftLVªh djkus] mues a ifjorZu djus vkSj mUgs a fujkdr` djus es a vuqlfjr dh tkus okyh izfdz;k vkSj bl izdkj cukus] jftLVªhdj.k djkus] ifjorZu ;k fujkdj.k djus d s iwoZ iwjh dh tkus okyh “krsaZ] ¼?k½ os fof”kf’V;ka] tks izR;sd fpV&djkj es a nh tk;sxa h( ¼³½ /kkjk 14 ds v/khu izfrHkwfr dh iz;kstukFkZ vukt&fpV es a jftLVªkj }kjk vukt d s ewY;kadu dk <ax] ¼p½ os fucZU/ku rFkk “krZsa] ftuds v/khu jgrs gq, vkSj og jhfr] ftlds vuqlkj] /kkjk 14 ds v/khu QkSjeSu }kjk nh xbZ fdlh izfrHkwfr es a ifjorZu ;k mls izfrLFkkfir fd;k tk ldrk gS( ¼N½ /kkjk 14 ds v/khu QksjeSu }kjk nh x;h izfrHkwfr dks fu;qZDr djus ds fy;s jftLVªkj }kjk vuqlfjr dh tkus okyh izfd;k] ¼t½ QksjeSu }kjk jftLVjksa vkSj y[s kk&iqfLrdkvks a dk j[kk tkuk] jftLVªkj ds dk;kyZ ; es a iqfLrdkvks]a vfHkys[kks a vkSj nLrkostksa dh lqjf{kr vfHkj{kk vkSj ,slh iqfLrdkvks]a vfHkys[kks a vkSj nLrkostks a dks u’V djuk] ftudh vkxs vko”;drk u jg tk;] 60 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 69À ¼>½ v/;k; 9 ds v/khu fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s vuqlkfjr dh tkus okyh izfzdz;k] vkSj ¼´½ fpVks a ds rqyu Ik=ksa vkSj ykHk&gkfu ds ys[kksa dh y[s kk&ijh{kk vkSj y[s kk ijh{kk ds izek.k&Ik=A ¼3½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu cuk; s x;s lHkh fu;e] cuk; s tkus ds Ik”pkr~] ;Fkk”kD; “kh?kz] jkT; fo/kku eaMy d s izR;sd lnu ds le{k] tc mldk l= gks jgk gks] dqy rhl fnu dh vof/k Ik;ZUr tks] ,d l= ;k ,d ls vf/kd vkuqdzfed l=ks a es a gks ldsxh] j[k s tk;saaxs vkSj tc rd fd dksbZ ckn dk fnukad fu;r u fd;k tk;] xtV es a izdkf”kr gksus d s fnukad ls ,sls ifj’dkjks a ;k vfHk”kUw ;uks a ds v/khu gq, izHkkoh gksxa s] tks fo/kku e.My ds nksuks a lnu] mDr vof/k esa djus ds fy;s lger gks]a fdUrq bl izdkj dksbZ ifj’dkj ;k vfHk”kwU;u rn~/khu igy s dh xbZ fdlh ckr dk oS/krk ij izfrdwy izHkko u MkysxkA 61 THE UTTAR PRADESH CHIT FUNDS ACT 19751 [U. P. Act No. 53 of 1975] [Passed by the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council on August 7, 1975 and by the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly on August 5, 1975 Received the assent of the President on October 10, 1975 under article 201 of ‘the Constitution of India’, and was published in the Uttar Pradesh Gazette Extraordinary dated October 16, 1975] AN ACT to provide in, the interests of general public for the regulation of chit funds in the State and for matters connected therewith. It is hereby enacted in the Twenty-sixth Year of the Republic of India as follows : CHAPTER I Short title, 1. (1) This Act may be called the Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975. extent and (2) It extends to the whole of Uttar Pradesh. commencement (3) It shall come into force on such date as the State Government may, by notification in the Gazette, appoint in that behalf; and different dates may be appointed for different areas of the State and for different provisions of this Act. Definitions 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires----- (1) "approved bank" means a bank approved by' the State Government for the purposes of' this Act ; (2) "chit" means a " transaction, whether called chit fund, chit, kuri, or by any other name, by which its foreman enters. Into an agreement with a number of subscribers that everyone of them shall subscribe a certain sum or a certain quantity of grain or of any other goods by periodical installments for a number of specified periods equal to the number of subscribers and that each subscriber at some of. them in his or their turn as determined by lot or by auction or by tender or in such other manner, as may be provided for in the agreement, shall be entitled to a prize amount ; Explanation- A transaction is not a chit within the meaning of this, clause if in such transaction--- (a) some alone, but not all, of the subscribers get the prize amount without any liability to pay future subscriptions , or (b) all the subscribers get the whole of the chit amount by turns with a liability to pay future subscriptions : 1. For Statement of Objects-and Reasons, please see. U.P. Gazette, (Extraordinary), dated August 7, 1975. 62 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 2] Illustration-- There are 100 subscribers to a chit and the subscription by each of them is Rs. 10. All the subscribers get by turns Rs. 1,000 being the whole of the chit amount and are liable to pay future subscriptions. The transaction falls within clause (b) at the above Explanation and is not a chit; (3) "chit agreement" means a document containing the articles of agreement between the foreman and the subscribers relating to the chit; (4) "chit amount" means the sum total of the subscriptions payable by all the suscribers for any installment of a chit without any deduction for discount or otherwise ; (5) "defaulting subscriber" means a subscriber who has defaulted in the payment of subscriptions due according to the terms of the chit agreement; (6) "discount" means the sum or the quantity of grain, or of other goods, as the case may be, which a prized subscriber is required under the terms of the chit agreement to forego and which set apart under the said agreement to meet the expenses of running the chit or for distribution among the subscribers or for both ; (7) "dividend" means the share of a subscriber in the discount available Under the chit agreement for rateable, distribution among the subscribers at any instalment of the chit; (8) "draw" with its grammatical variations, means ascertaining of the person or persons entitled to the prize amount at any instalment of a chit ; (9) "firm" means a firm' registered under the Indian Partnership Act, 1932; (10) "foreman" means the person (including a firm) who under the chit agreement is responsible for the conduct of the chit, and includes any other person discharging the functions of the foreman on continuation of the chit in, circumstances mentioned in section 32 ; (11) "non-prized subscriber" does not include a subscriber who has defaulted in the payment of subscriptions due according to the terms of the' chit agreement ; (12) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act ; (13) "prescribed authority" means the Sub-Divisional Magistrates (Executive) within their respective jurisdiction ; (14) "prize amount" means the difference between the chit amount and the discount, and, in the case of a fraction of a ticket, means the diqerence between the chit amount and the discount proportionate to the fraction of the ticket, and where the prize amount is payable otherwise than in cash. the value of the prize amount shall be the value at the time it becomes payable ; (15) "prized subscribers" means a subscriber who has either received or is entitled to the prize amount; 63 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 3] (16) "Registrar" means a Registrar appointed. under section 53, and includes any Additional, Joint, Deputy or Assistant Registrar appointed under that section and authorized by him to perform all or any of his functions under this Act ; (17) "subscriber" includes a person who holds a fraction of a ticket and also a transferee of a ticket or a fraction thereof by assignment in writing or by operation of law; (18) "ticket" means the share of a subscriber in a chit. CHAPTER II CONSTITUTION AND REGISTRATION Registration 3. (1) Save as otherwise provided by or under this Act, no person shall start or of by-laws conduct any chit unless he has registered with the Register the general bye- laws under which different chit series are to be operated. (2) For the purpose of registration, the general bye-laws of the chit series signed by the foreman and attested by not less than two witnesses shall be filed With the Registrar. (3) The Registrar may- (a) on being satisfied that the general bye-laws filed with him under sub- section (2) are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act or of the rules made thereunder and that the foreman is a proper person to conduct the chit, register the bye-laws and' issue to the foreman a certificate of registration: or (b) for reasons to be recorded, refuse the registration. (4) Without prejudice to the generality of his power under clause (ii) of sub- section (3) the Registrar shall refuse registration of any general bye-laws which do no provide for entering into an agreement in writing with the subscriber providing that the instalments of subscription to the chit fund shall be monthly and the chit amount received every month from the subscribers shall be paid to the prized subscriber after deducting the discount which shall not exceed thirty per cent of the chit amount and that the discount shall be available for rateable distribution among the subscribers of the chit after payment of the commission to the foreman which shall not exceed five per cent of the chit amount. (5) The Registrar shall retain a copy of the bye-laws and return the other copy to the foreman with an endorsement that the bye-laws have been registered. (6) Notwithstanding anything contained in any contract, document or in any other law for the time being in force, any agreement contained in the articles of agreement between the foreman and subscriber which does not provide for payment of the entire chit amount after deducting the discount to the prized subscriber shall be void . 64 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 4-7] Prohibition of 4. No person shall issue or publish any notice, circular, prospectus or other invitation for document containing the terms and conditions of any chit or inviting the subscription to public to subscribe for tickets in any chit unless the same relates to a chit chit of which covered by the general bye-laws which have been registered under section by-laws have 3. not been registered Form of chit 5. Every chit agreement shall be in duplicate duly signed the foreman and by agreement the subscribers or a person duly authorized that behalf in writing by the subscribers, and attested by two nesses, and it shall contain the following particulars, namely- (1) full name and permanent residential address of each subscriber, and attested by two witnesses and it shall contain the following particulars, namely--- (2) the number of tickets held by each subscriber; (3) the number of installments and the amount, payable in respect of each ticket for each installment; (4) the dates of commencement and termination of the chit; (5) the mode of ascertaining the prized-subscriber ; (6) the amount of discount which the prized subscriber, at any installment, has to forego; (7) the mode and proportion' in which the discount is distributable by way of dividend, foreman's commission and other expenses, if any; (8) the date, time and place at which the chit is to be drawn; (9) if under the chit agreement the foreman is entitled to the chit amount, the installment at which the foreman is to get the chit amount; (10) the approved bank or banks with which chit moneys shall be deposited by the foreman under the provisions of this Act; (11) the manner in which a chit shall be continued, where a foreman who is an individual dies or becomes of unsound mind; or is otherwise incapacitated; and, (12) such other particulars as may be prescribed. Filling of chit 6. (1) Every chit agreement, and every alteration in or addition to it made under agreement section 9, with its duplicate, shall be filed with the Registrar who shall also be informed about its cancellation, if any, made under section 9. (2) The Registrar shall retain the chit agreement and return the duplicate chit agreement, alteration or addition to the foreman with an endorsement that the chit agreement, alteration or addition, is filed. Commencement 7. (1) No person shall commence any auction or drawing of any chit unless he of chit business has obtained a certificate of commencement from the Registrar. 65 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 8-11] (2) The Registrar shall, on being satisfied that the bye-laws of the chit have been duly registered and that the chit agreement including alteration in or addition to it, if any, has been filed and the security required under section 14 has been, furnished by the foreman grant a certificate of commencement. Copies of bye- 8. (1) The foreman shall, as soon as may be, after he has obtained the certificate of laws and chit commencement referred to in section 7, but not later than the date of first agreement to drawing of the chit, furnish to every subscriber a copy of the bye-laws of be given to the chit and of the chit agreement certified by him to be a true copy. subscribers (2) The foreman shall, within fifteen days of the month succeeding the month in which the first installment of the chit is drawn, file with the Registrar a certificate to the effect that he has complied with the provisions of sub- section (1). Alteration of 9. The chit agreement shall not be altered, added or canceled except with the chit agreement consent in writing of the foreman and all the subscribers to the chit. Meeting 10. (1) A general meeting of the general body of subscribers shall be held each month in the prescribed manner. (2) A special meeting of the general body of the subscribers shall be convened by the foreman in the 'prescribed manner on the requisition of twenty-five per cent of the aggregate, of the number of the non-prized and unpaid prized subscribers. Minutes of 11. (1) The proceedings of every draw shall be recorded in a book to be kept for that proceedings purpose and shall be signed by the foreman and all the subscribers present. It shall also be signed by the prized subscriber or his authorised agent. (2) Such record of the proceedings shall state clearly- (a) the date and hour when the proceedings began and' ended' and the place where the drawing was held; (b) the number of the particular instalment of the chit of which proceedings are recorded; (c) the names of the subscribers present; (d) the person or persons who become entitled to the prize amount in the particular instalment; (e) the amount of discount; (f) full particulars regarding the disposal of the prize amount in respect of the preceding instalment and disposal of unpaid prize amount, if any, in respect of any previous instalment; and (g) such other particulars as may be prescribed. 66 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 12-14] Copy of 12 Every foreman shall, within fifteen days of the month succeeding the month minutes to be . in which one or more instalments of the same chit or one or more instalments filed with the of any other chit are drawn, file with the Registrar a copy of the record Registrar referred to in section 11 in respect of the draws at all such instalments and certified by the foreman to be true copy. Chapter III FOREMAN Value of chits 13 No foreman shall conduct at a time any chits the aggregate amount of which . exceeds fifty per cent of the net assets of the foreman. Explanation- In determining the net assets of a foreman for the purpose of this section the amount of security furnished by him shall be excluded if such amount is the amount of subscription received in advance from the subscribers. Security to be 14 (1) Every foreman shall, before applying for the certificate of commencement given by . referred to in section 7 in respect of any chit series------- foreman (a) execute a bond in favour of or in trust for the other subscribers for the proper conduct of the chit, charging property sufficient to the satisfaction of the Registrar for the realisation of twice the chit amount; or (b) deposit in an approved bank an amount equal to the chit amount or invest in Government securities of the face value of not less than one and half time the chit, amount and transfer the amount so deposited or the Government securities in favour of the Registrar to be held. in trust by him as security for the due conduct of the chit: Provided that, where moveable property is charged by way of security, only such kind of moveable property as may be prescribed shall be so charged and such moveable property shall be deposited in such manner and with such person or officer as may be prescribed. (2) Where a foreman conducts more than one chit, he shall furnish security in accordance with the provisions of sub-section (1) in respect of each chit. (3) Subject to the provisions of section 520 of the Companies Act, 1956, the security given by the foreman under sub-section (1) shall not be liable to be attached in execution of a decree or otherwise--- (a) until the chit is terminated and the claims of all the subscribers are fully satisfied; (b) until all dues payable by the foreman under this Act to the, Registrar or any other officer have been paid; (c) where owing to the default of the prized subscriber the prize amount due remains unpaid even after the termination of a chit until the foreman deposits such amount in an approved bank mentioned in the chit agreement and intimates in writing the fact of such deposit to the prized subscriber. 67 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 15-16] (4) The Registrar shall, after the termination of a chit and after satisfying himself that the requirement mentioned in clauses (i) to (iii) of sub-section (3) have been complied with, release the property charged by way of security or order the release of the cash security or the Government security referred to in sub- section (1), and in doing so, he shall follow such procedure as may be prescribed. (5) The Registrar may on the application of any foreman, instead of releasing the security under sub-section (4), accept the same as security in respect of any other chit conducted by the same foreman. If the value or amount of the security so accepted is less than the value or amount specified in sub-section (1), the Registrar shall require the foreman to furnish additional security to make up the deficiency, If the value or amount of such security is in excess of the value or amount required, the Registrar shall release such excess. (6) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any other law for the time being in force, the security furnished under this section shall not be dealt with by the foreman during the currency of the chit, and any dealing by the foreman with respect thereto, by way of transfer, charge, mortgage or other encumbrance, shall be void. Rights of 15. Subject to the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder, the foreman foreman shall be entitled- (a) in the absence of any provision in the chit agreement to the contrary, to obtain 'the chit amount at the installment specified in this behalf in the chit agreement ; (b) to such commission or remuneration not exceeding five percent of the chit amount as may be fixed in the chit agreement; (c) to receive and realize all contributions from the subscribers ; (d) to demand sufficient security 'from any prized subscriber for the due payment of future subscriptions : Explanation-- A security is said to be sufficient for the purposes of this clause if its value exceeds by one-third or if it consists of immoveable property, the value exceeds by one-half, the amount due from the prized subscriber ; (e) to substitute subscribers in the place of defaulters; and (f) to do all other acts that may be necessary for the due and proper conduct of the chit. Duties of 16. (1) A foreman shall, on the prized subscriber furnishing sufficient security for the a due payment of future subscriptions, be bound to pay him the prize amount : foreman Provided that the prized subscriber shall be entitled Ito demand immediate payment of the prize amount after deducting all future subscriptions without any security whatsoever, and in such case the foreman shall, before the date of the next succeeding installment, deposit in an approved bank mentioned in the chit agreement the amount of future subscriptions deducted as aforesaid, and he shall not withdraw the amount so deposited except for payment of future subscriptions. 68 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 17-20] (2) If owing to default of the prized subscriber the prize amount due in respect of any dues remains unpaid before the date of the next succeeding draw, the foreman shall deposit the same forth with in an approved bank mentioned in the Chit Fund Agreement and intimate, in writing, the fact of such deposit to the prized subscriber and the Registrar. (3) Every payment of the prize amount, the deposit of the amount of future subscriptions under sub-section (1) and the deposit of the prize amount under sub-section (2) shall be intimated to the subscribers at the next succeeding draw, and particulars of such payment or deposit entered in the record of the proceedings of that draw. (4) The foreman shall not appropriate for himself any amount in excess of what he is entitled to under Clause (a) and (b) of section 15 : Provided that the foreman may appropriate for himself the interest accruing on any amount deposited in banks except interest on deposits made under sub-section (2) or under section 24. Registers and 17. Every foreman shall keep such registers and books of account, and in such books of form, as may be prescribed. account Balance sheet 18. (1) Every foreman shall prepare and file with the Registrar in such manner and Act I of 1956 within such time as may be prescribed, a balance sheet relating to the period of account duly audited either by auditors duly qualified to act as auditors of companies under the Companies Act, 1956 or by a Chit Auditor appointed under sub-section (3) of section 53· (2) The balance sheet referred to in sub-section (1) shall: (a) contain a summary of the assets and liabilities of all chits conducted by him; (b) give such particulars as will disclose the nature of the said assets and liabilities and how the value of those assets has been arrived at; and (c) such other particulars as may be prescribed . Liability of a 19. (1) Every foreman shall be liable to account to the subscribers for the amounts foreman to the due to them. subscribes (2) Where there are more than one foreman, each one of them jointly and severally, or if the foreman is a firm, each one of the partners thereof jointly and severally and if the foreman is a Corporation, that Corporation shall be liable to the subscribers in respect of the obligations arising out of the chit. withdrawal of 20. (1) Where there are more than one person as foreman in a chit, none of them shall a foreman withdraw from it until the termination of the chit unless such withdrawal is consented to by all the non-prized subscribers and unpaid prized subscribers and a true copy of such consent has been filed by the remaining foreman within fourteen days of the date of such consent. (2) Such withdrawal shall not, however, affect the security given under section 14. 69 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 21-23] CHAPTER IV NON-PRIZED SUBSCRIBERS Non-prized 21. Every non-prized subscriber shall pay his subscription at the time and place subscribers to mentioned in the chit agreement and shall on such payment be entitled to a pay subs- receipt from the foreman. cription and obtain receipt Removal of 22. (1) (a) A non-prized subscriber who defaults in paying His subscription in defaulting accordance with the terms of the chit agreement shall be liable to have his subscribers name removed from the list of subscribers . (b) Every such removal shall, with the date. thereof, be entered in a book of defaulting subscribers to be maintained by the foreman: (2) The foreman shall within fourteen days from the removal of the name of a defaulting subscriber under sub-section (1)- (a) give a notice of this fact to such defaulting subscriber; and (b) file with Registrar a true copy of the en try in the register referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (1). (3) Any defaulting subscriber aggrieved by the removal of his name from the list of subscribers may, within seven days of the communication to him of the notice of removal appeal to the Registrar. (4) The Registrar may after giving the parties an opportunity of being heard, pass such orders on the appeal as he thinks fit and the decision of the Registrar shall be final. Substitution of 23. (1) A foreman may substitute in the list of subscribers any person in the place of a subscribers. defaulting subscriber whose name has been removed from such list under sub- section (1) of section 22 : Provided that no such substitution shall be made until the expiry of fifteen days from the date of the service of the notice given to the defaulting subscriber under clause (a) of sub-section (2) of section 22, (2) Every substitution referred to in sub-section (1) shall, with the date thereof, be entered in the book referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (1), of section 22, and a true copy of every such entry shall be filed by the foreman with the Registrar within fourteen days from the date of such substitution along with a certificate that a copy of the bye-laws of the chit and of the chit agreement certified as true copy has also been furnished to the substituted subscriber, (3) All arrears of subscriptions realized from the substituted subscriber, less any amount advanced by the foreman, shall, before the date of the next succeeding installment, be deposited by the foreman in an approved bank mentioned in the chit agreement, in the name of the Registrar. Explanation-- For the purposes of this sub-section, arrears of subscription's shall mean all the previous installments realized, from the substituted subscriber. 70 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 24-26] Amount due to 24. (1) Where a substituted subscriber draws the prize amount; the defaulting defaulting subscriber shall be entitled to recover his contributions subject to such subscriber how deductions as may be provided for in the chit agreement, which in no case dealt with shall exceed the dividend already received by such defaulting subscriber. (2) The foreman shall on demand made by the defaulting subscriber and on his executing an acknowledgement duly signed, inform the Registrar of the amount due after making all deductions and the Registrar shall issue a cheque or draft in favour of such defaulting subscriber. (3) If the defaulting subscriber fails to furnish the acknowledgement as aforesaid, the foreman shall, before the date of next succeeding instalment deposit in as approved bank the amount due to the defaulting subscriber, and intimate in writing the fact of such deposit to the defaulting subscriber and the Registrar, The amount so deposited shall not be withdrawn by the foreman for any purpose other than for payment to the defaulting subscriber. CHAPTER V PRIZED SUBSCRIBERS Prized 25. Every prized subscriber shall receiving before the prize amount without subscriber to deductions of all future subscriptions, furnish to the foreman sufficient give security security and the foreman shall take such security for the due payment of future subscriptions, and if the foreman is the prized subscriber or draws the chit amount under clause (a) of section 15, he shall furnish security for the due payment of future subscriptions to the satisfaction of the Registrar : Provided that a prized subscriber, other than the foreman, whose security is not being accepted as sufficient by the foreman, may within three months of the date on which he becomes the prized subscriber, appeal to the Registrar, who may, after giving the parties an opportunity of being heard, pass such orders on the appeal as he thinks fit, and his decision in the matter shall be final. Prized 26. Every prized subscriber shall pay his subscriptions regularly at the time subscriber to and the place and on the dates mentioned in the chit agreement, failing pay which, he shall be liable to make a consolidated payment of all the future subscriptions subscriptions at once : regularly Provided that the foreman shall pay the amount of subscription every month on behalf of any defaulting prized subscriber till the consolidated payment for arrears and all future interments are realized from such defaulting prized subscriber, which amount shall be deposited by the foreman in the account of the Registrar after deducting the subscription paid by him on behalf of such prized subscriber. 71 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 27-30] Recovery of 27. (1) If in a suit by a foreman for consolidated payment of future subscriptions, consolidated the defaulting prized subscriber, agrees to pay or pays into the court on or payment and before the date to which the suit is fixed for hearing the arrears of its disposal subscriptions till that date together with interest thereon at the rate provided for in the chit agreement or at twelve per cent per annum simple interest, whichever is lower, and the costs of the suit for payment to the foreman, then, notwithstanding any contract to the contrary, the court shall pass a decree accordingly: Provided that if any such suit is upon a promissory note, no decree shall be passed under this sub-section unless such promissory note expressly states that the amount due thereunder is towards payment of subscriptions to the chit. (2) Any person who holds an interest in the property furnished as security or any part thereof shall be entitled to make payment under sub-section (1). (3) (a) all consolidated payments of .future subscriptions realized by a foreman shall be deposited in an approved bank before the date of the next succeeding installment and may be withdrawn only for payment of future subscriptions. (b) where any property is accepted in lieu of the consolidated payment, it shall continue to remain as security for the due payment of future subscriptions. CHAPTER VI TRANSFER Restrictions on 28. (1) No transfer of the rights of a foreman to receive subscriptions from prized- transfer of subscribers shall be made without the previous sanction in writing of the rights of a Registrar. foreman (2) Any non-prized subscriber or unpaid prized subscriber claiming that his interest would be prejudicially affected by any such transfer, may apply to the Registrar for setting aside the transfer and the Registrar on being satisfied in that behalf may, for reasons to be recorded, set it, aside. (3) In any proceedings under sub-section (2) the burden of proving that the transfer is not likely to effect prejudicially the interest of any subscriber challenging it shall bean the transferee. Transfer of 29. Every transfer by a non-prized subscriber of his rights in the chit shall be in nonprized writing duly attested by at least two witnesses and shall be filed with the subscribers foreman. right to be in writing Recognition of 30. Every transfer under section 29 shall be recognized by the foreman, unless transfer by the he considers that the transferee is not solvent or the transfer is likely to foreman defeat the provisions of any law for the time being in force. 72 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 31-35] Entry of 31. Every transfer referred to in section 28 or section 29 shall be entered by the transferee’s foreman in the books of the chit forthwith, and a true copy of such entry name in the shall be filed by the foreman with the Registrar within fourteen days from book the date of making such entry along with a certificate that a copy of the bye- law's of the chit and the chit agreement certified as true copy have been furnished to the transferee concerned. CHAPTER VII TERMINATION OF CHITS Provisions for 32. (1) Where the foreman who is an individual dies or becomes of unsound mind continuation of or is otherwise incapacitated. the chit may be continued in accordance with chits in certain the provisions of the chit agreement where the agreement so provides. cases (2) In the case of a foreman which is a firm if a partner dies, becomes of unsound mind or is otherwise incapacitated the chit shall not be deemed to have terminated and the surviving partner or partners shall conduct the chitin the absence of any provisions to the contrary in the chit agreement. Termination of 33. A chit shall be deemed to have terminated- chit (a) when the period fixed in the chit agreement has expired, provided payment of dues to all the subscribers has been completed ; or (b) when all the non-prized and unpaid prized subscribers consent in writing to the termination of the chit and a copy of such consent is filed as required by section 34; or (c) when a foreman, who is an individual, dies, becomes of unsound mind or is otherwise ,incapacitated, and the chit agreement does not provide for the continuation of the chit or when the partner of a foreman which is firm dies or becomes of unsound mind or is otherwise incapacitated and the chit agreement provides for the discontinuation. of the chit in such an event. Filling of 34. A true copy of every consent mentioned in sub-section (1) of section 20 or consent with in clause (b) of section 33 with the date of such consent, shall be filed by Registrar the foreman or by the remaining foreman or foremen with the Registrar within fourteen days from the date of such consent. Refund of non- 35. Except in the cases referred to in clauses, (a) and (b) of section 33 -- prized (1) every non-prized subscriber shall, unless otherwise provided for in the subscribers contributions chit agreement, be entitled to get back his contribution at the termination of the chit without deduction for dividend, if any, received by him : 73 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 36-39] Provided that any persons to whom the rights of a non-prized subscriber are transferred under section 29, shall in addition to his own contributions, be entitled, unless otherwise provided for in the chit agreement, to get back the contributions made by such non prized subscriber ; (2) if the chit terminates on a date earlier than the date originally fixed in the chit agreement, the non-prized subscriber's, claim shall be deemed to have arisen on the date on which he has received a notice of such termination. Subscribers 36. Where there are debts due from the foreman of a chit in relation thereto and dues to be first also other debts due from him, the chit debts due to, the subscribers shall be charge on chit first charge on the chit assets. assets Chapter VIII INSPECTION OF DOCUMENTS Foreman to 37. Every foreman shall, on payment of such fee not exceeding five rupees as allow may be specified in the chit agreement, allow non prized and unpaid prized subscribers to subscribers all reasonable facilities on all days of drawing of chits or, on examine chit such days and within such hours as may be provided for in the chit records agreement for the inspection of security bonds and documents, receipts and other records taken from the prized subscribers or furnished by the foreman himself in his capacity as a subscriber and all chit records including books of account and pass books, the balance-sheets and profit and loss accounts and such other records as may show the actual financial position of the chit scheme. Preservation of 38. All records pertaining to a chit shall be preserved in tact by the foreman chit records by and, kept for a period of six years from the date of the termination of the foreman chit. Inspection of 39. (1) The Registrar or any other officer authorized by him in this behalf may chit books and inspect the chit books and all records relating to the chit. records (2) Every foreman shall be bound to produce the chit books and records before the Registrar or the officer authorised under sub section (1) at such time and place as he may require and shall furnish to him any other information as he may require : Provided that such inspection may be made at the premises of the foreman if he pays in advance such fees as may be prescribed for the inspection : Provided further that if the foreman is a banking company as defined in the Banking Companies Act, 1949, such inspection shall be made only at the premises of the Company and only on a working day and such foreman shall pay such fees as may be prescribed for the inspection. 74 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 40] (3) Any officer mentioned in sub-section (1) may impound and retain in his custody for such period as he thinks fit any books of account or other documents produced before him : Provided that such officer shall not -- (a) impound any books of account or other documents with out recording his reasons for so doing; or (b) retain in his custody any such books or documents for a period exceeding fifteen days excluding days falling on holidays save for adequate and exceptional reasons to be recorded and in the case of an officer other than the Registrar, without obtaining the written approval of Registrar in that behalf. CHAPTER IX WINDING UP OF CHITS When chit may 40. A chit may be wound up by the prescribed authority having jurisdiction be wound up over the place where the chit has been registered- (a) if the chit has terminated under clause (c) of section 33; or (b) if the foreman fails to give the security specified, in section 14 or it he commits any such act in respect thereto as is calculated to impair materially the nature of the security or the value thereof; or (c) if he fails to deposit the chit money in accordance with the provisions of this Act; or (d) if it ispr6vedto the satisfaction of the prescribed authority that the foreman is unable to pay the amounts due to the subscribers ; or (e) if execution or other process issued on a decree or order of any court in favour of any subscriber in respect of amounts due to him from the chit is returned unsatisfied in whole or in part ; or (f) if it is proved that there has been fraud or collusion on the part of the foreman in the matter of taking securities from prized subscriber; or (g) if the foreman has appropriated the prize amount in his capacity as a subscriber without furnishing sufficient security for future subscriptions; or (h) if it Is otherwise just and equitable that the chit should be wound up. Explanation-- For the purposes of clause (d), in determining whether the foreman is unable to pay the amounts due to the subscribers, the prescribed authority, shall take into account his contingent and prospective liabilities in respect of the chit : Provided that a chit conducted by a company within, the meaning of the Companies Act, 1956, may be wound up only by the Court having jurisdiction under that Act. 75 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 41-46] Windings up 41. The application to the prescribed authority or court, as the case may be, for the winding up of a chit shall be by a petition presented by any non-prized application subscriber or unpaid prized subscriber or by the Registrar, signed and verified in the manner prescribed by the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, and shall contain such particulars as may be prescribed : Act v of 1908 Provided that no application for the winding up of a chit under clause (d) or clause (h) of section 40 shall the unless such petition is presented---- (a) by such non-prized subscriber and unpaid prized subscribers whose subscriptions to the chit amount in the aggregate to not less than twenty-five per cent of the amounts contributed by all the non-prized subscriber and unpaid prized subscriber; or (b) by or with the previous sanction of the Registrar. Explanation-- For the purposes of the proviso, a subscriber of a fraction of a ticket shall be deemed to by a subscriber only to the extent of such fraction. Insolvency or 42. Notwithstanding anything contained in sections 40 and 41, no petition for liquidation a the winding up of a chit shall be entertained by the prescribed authority or a bar to court under section 40 if proceedings under the Provincial Insolvency Act, winding up 1920, are pending against the foreman for adjudicating him an insolvent or proceedings where the foreman is a company, if proceedings for winding up the company are pending against such company under the Companies Act, 1956. Commencem 43. An order for the winding up of a chit shall operate in favour of all the ent and effect subscribers to whom amounts are due from the chit and it shall be deemed to winding up to have effect from the time of the presentation of the application for the order winding up. Interim 44. The prescribed authority or court may, upon the application of the foreman Receiver and or of any subscribers to whom amounts are due in respect of the chit at any stay of other time after the presentation of the application for the winding up of a chit proceedings under this Act, make an order for the appointment of an Interim Receiver or an order staying further proceedings in any suit or proceeding instituted against the foreman for the realisation of amounts due in respect of the chit upon such terms as the prescribed authority or court thinks fit. Power of 45. On hearing the application, the prescribed authority or court may dismiss it court on with or without costs or adjourn the hearing conditionally or hearing the unconditionally or make an interim order or any other order as it may deem application fit. Chit assets to 46. On the making of an order for the winding up of a chit, the entire chit assets vest in shall vest in the prescribed authority or court, as the case may be, for prescri-bed distribution amongst the subscribers to whom amounts are due in respect of authority or the chit and such prescribed authority or court shall appoint a Receiver and court for pass such other orders in the matter as it deems fit. distribution 76 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 47-51] Suits, etc. 47. Where a winding up order has been made by the prescribed authority or a stayed on court, no suit or other legal proceedings shall be continued or commenced winding against the foreman by a subscriber for the realization of amounts due to him in up orders respect of the chit except with the leave of the prescribed authority or court and on such terms as the prescribed authority or court may impose. Copy of 48. (1) On the making of the winding up order, it shall be the duty of the petitioner in order to be the winding up proceedings and of the Receiver to file with the Registrar a filed with copy of the order, within one month from the date of the making of the order; Registrar Provided that the Registrar may upon application in writing by such petitioner or Receiver, allow, in his discretion, further time not exceeding fifteen days for the filing of any such copy.

(2) On the filing of a copy of the Winding up order, the Registrar shall make an entry thereof in his books relating to the chit and shall notify the same in the official Gazette. Stay of 49. (1) Where during the pendency of the proceedings for the winding up of a chit, the winding up foreman is adjudicated an insolvent or when the foreman is a company, the proceedings company has been ordered to be wound up under· the Companies Act, 1956, on the winding up proceedings under this Act, shall cease, and the distribution of insolvency the chit assets shall subject to the provisions contained in section 36 and 44, be foreman and made by the insolvency court or the court winding up the company; as the case transfer of may be. in- solvency (2) Where insolvency proceedings against the foreman are pending in different proceedings courts, the High Court may transfer any proceedings from one court to another. Compensati 50. (1) Where an application presented for winding up a chit is dismissed and the on for prescribed authority or court is satisfied that the application is frivolous or frivolous or vexatious, the prescribed authority or court may award against the applicant vexatious such amount, not exceeding five hundred rupees, as it considers to be application reasonable compensation to the foreman for the expense or injury caused to him by the application and the proceedings thereon, and such amount may be relised as if the award were a decree. (2) The award of compensation under sub-section (1) shall bar any separate suit for compensation. Right of 51. (1) Any person aggrieved by a decision or order of the prescribed authority or of a appeal court other than the High Court in proceedings for winding up a chit may, within a period of two months from the date of such decision or order prefer an appeal to the High Court. (2) Subject, to the provisions of sub-section (1) every decision or, order of the prescribed authority or Court in such proceedings shall be final. 77 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 52-53] Limitation 52. (1) Where an order refusing-to wind up a chit, has been made under this Act, the chit shall be deemed to have been under suspension from the date of the presentation of the application to the date of such order in respect of non- prized subscribers, and notwithstanding anything contained in the chit agreement, no non-prized subscriber who was not a defaulter on the date of the presentation of the-application for winding up shall be deemed to be a defaulter on the date of its dismissal. (2) Where an order refusing to wind up a chit has been made under this Act, in computing the period of limitation prescribed for any suit or other legal proceedings other than a suit or an application in respect of which the leave of the prescribed authority or Court, has been obtained, which might have, been brought or instituted, the period from the date of the presentation of the, application to the date of the order refusing to wind up the chit shall be excluded. (3) Nothing contained in this Act, shall affect the right of the subscriber to proceed by, suitor application against the foreman personally for the balance, if any, of the amount due to him after the declaration of the final dividend in proceedings for winding up the chit, and in computing the period of limitation prescribed for any such suit or application the period from the date of the presentation of the application for winding up the chit to the date of the declaration of the final dividend shall be excluded. CHAPTER X OFFICER, INSPECTION AND FEES Registrar and 53. (1) The State Government may be notification in the official Gazette, appoint a Auditors Registrar of Chits, and as many Additional, Joint, Deputy, and Assistant Registrar as may be necessary. (2) An Additional, Joint, Deputy, or Assistant Registrar Will perform under the general superintendence and control of the Registrar such functions of the Registrar under this Act as the Registrar may specify in that behalf. (3) The Registrar may appoint as many Chit Auditors as may be necessary for the purpose of discharging the duties imposed upon the Chit Auditors by or under this Act. (4) Where the Registrar is of the opinion that the accounts of any, chit are not properly maintained and that such accounts should be audited, it shall be Lawful for him to have such accounts audited by a Chit Auditor. It shall be the duty of the foreman of the chit concerned to produce before the Chit Auditor all accounts, books and other records relating to the chit, to furnish rum with Such information as may be required, arid to afford him all such assistance and facilities as may be necessary or reasonable and as may be required in regard to the audit of the accounts of the chit. (5) The foreman shall pay to the Chit Auditors such fees as may be prescribed for the audit of the account of chit under sub section (4). 78 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 54-57] Registrar to be 54. The Registrar of Chits shall be a corporate sole having perpetual succession corporate sole and common seal with the power to acquire hold and dispose of property, and may sue and be sued in his corporate name. Inspection of 55. Any person may, on payment of such fees as may be prescribed---- documents in (i) inspect any documents or record kept by the Registrar under this Act; and the Registrar office (ii) obtain a certified copy or extract of any such document on record. Levy of fees 56. (1) There shall be paid to the Registrar such fees as may be prescribed; for -- (a) the registration of the bye-laws of a chit under section 3; (b) the grant of a certificate. of commencement under section 7; (c) filing with the Registrar of the chit agreement and copies of the documents under sections 12, 22, 23,. 31 and 34 ; (d) the inspection of documents and record under section 55: (e) the certified. copies or extracts of documents and records under section 55; (f) the audit of the accounts of the foreman and the issue of an audit certificate; and (g) such other matters as may be prescribed. (2) A table of the fees payable under sub-section (1), shall be published in the official Gazette. CHAPTER XI MISCELLANEOU Appeals 57. (1) Any foreman aggrieved by an order of the Registrar- (a) refusing to register the bye-laws of a chit under sub section (3) of section 3; (b) refusing to grant a certificate of commencement under sub-section (2) of section (7) ; (c) refusing to accept the security offered under clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 14 or under section 25 ; (d) refusing to release the property charged by -way of security or to order the release of the cash security or the Government securities under sub-section (4) or sub-section (5) of section 14 ; or 79 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 58-59] (e) refusing sanction for transfer under sub-section (1) of section 28 may, within thirty days of the communication to him of such order, appeal to the State Government or to such officer or authority as may be empowered by the State Government in that behalf. (2) The State Government or such officer or authority, aforesaid may after giving the applicant and the Registrar or his representative an opportunity of being heard, pass such orders on the appeal under sub-section (1) as it or he thinks fit and the decision so given shall be final. Powers of 58. The Registrar may, in his 'discretion and upon an application in writing by Registrar to any foreman made within the period of fourteen days specified in sub-section condone (2) of section 22, sub-section (2) of section 23, section, 31 or section 34, delay in allow to the foreman further time not exceeding fifteen days to file a copy of certain cases any document under any of the provisions referred to above. Penalties 59. (1) Whoever contravenes or abets the contravention of any of the provisions of section 3 section 4 or section 7 shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years or with fine which may extend to five thousand rupees or with both. (2) Any foreman who without reasonable cause- (a) fails to file the chit agreement or any. alteration in or addition to it 'as required by section 6 or a copy of any document under section 12, sub- section (2) of section 22, sub-section (2) of section 23, section 31 or section 34 within the period specified for such filing or within the further time allowed under section 58 for such filing ; or (b) otherwise contravenes any of the provisions of section 8, sub-sections (1) and (6) of section 14, section' 16, section 17; section 18, section 22, section 23, section 24, section 25, sub-section (3) of section 27, section 31, section 37, section 38, section 39 and sub-section (4) of section 53 ; or (c) otherwise fails to comply with any of the requirements of the chit agreement regarding the date, time and place at which the chit is to be drawn ; shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees or with both. (3) Whoever in any document required by or for purposes of, any of the provisions of this Act willfully makes a false statement shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year or with fine which may intend to five thousand rupees or with both, (4) The Registrar may either before or after the institution of proceedings compound by offence under this Act and accept-such composition fee as .he thinks fit, and thereupon the accused, if in custody, shall be discharged and no further proceedings shall be taken against him : 80 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 60-65] Provided that no offence under sub-section (1) or sub-section (3) shall, be compounded by the Registrar without the approval of 'the State Government. Cognizance of 60. No court shall take cognizance of any offence punishable under this Act offences except on a complaint in writing by the Registrar. Application of 61. The court imposing any fine under this Act or the Registrar compounding an fines offence under sub-section (4) of section 59 may direct that the whole or any part of the fine realized may be applied in or towards payment' of the costs of the proceedings . Power to enter 62. (1) The Registrar may, with such assistance as he considers necessary, enter and search any anyplace where he suspects any person is conducting or has conducted any place and seize chit in contravention of the provisions of this Act and inspect the books; documents etc registers; accounts or other documents that may be found in such place : Provided that if the. Registrar, removes from the place any book, register, account or document he shall give to the person in charge of the place a receipt describing the book register account or document so removed by him: Provided further that within fifteen days of the removal of the books, registers accounts and documents from the place the Registrar shall either return them to the person from' whose custody they were removed after taking from such person such security as he considers necessary for the production of the books, registers, accounts and documents when required by him or may pass such orders as to their disposal as appear just and convenient to him. (2) The Registrar shall have authority to require any person who appears to him to have any information regarding and chit to attend before him or to produce or cause to be produced any document and to examine such person on oath. (3) The Registrar may apply for assistance to in charge of a police station and take any police officer to and assist him in performing his duties under this Act. Payment to be 63. All payments in respect of a chit, whether by the foreman or by the evidenced by subscriber shall be evidenced by documents in writing. document Interest at more 64. No court shall award interest on claims arising under this Act at more than than twelve twelve per cent per annum simple interest. percent not to be allowed Power of court 65. Nothing contained in the foregoing provisions of this Act shall affect; the to grant relief powers vested in a court to grant any relief against any of the provisions in certain cases contained in the Chit agreement if the same be unconscionable or opposed to the provisions of any law. 81 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 66-69] Recovery of 66. All amounts· due from a foreman to the Registrar or any other officer under amounts due this Act by way of' any fee shall be recoverable as arrears of land revenue. from a foreman Application of 67. (1) The provisions of this Act shall apply also to all chits started before the the Act commencement of the Act provided that in the case of such Chits the persons responsible for starting or conducting the chit shall comply with the provisions of this Act Within three months from such commencement. (2) Nothing in this Act shall apply in respect of any chit the chit amount of which or where two or more chits are started or conducted simultaneously by the same foreman, the aggregate of the chit amounts of which does not exceed one hundred rupees. Power to 68. The State Government may, by notification published in the official Gazette, exempt exempt any person or class of persons to whom or any chit or class of chits to which, this Act applies from all or any of its provisions subject to such conditions as it may think fit and may cancel or modify any- such notification. Power to make 69. (1) The State Government may by notification in the official Gazette make rules rules for carrying out the purposes of this Act. (2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power such rules may provide fat or regulate- : (a) all matters expressly required or allowed by this Act to be prescribed; (b) the manner in which general and special meetings of the general body of the subscribers shall be convened and held; (c) the matters in respect of which provision shall be made in the bye-laws of a chit and the, procedure to be followed in making, registering; altering and abrogating bye-laws and the conditions to be satisfied prior to such making registration, alteration in abrogation; (d) the particulars which every chit agreement shall contain ; (e) the method of valuation of grains by the Registrar in a grain chit for the purposes of security under section 14; (f) the restriction and conditions subject to which and the manner in which, any security given by a foreman under section 14 may be changed or substituted ; (g) the procedure to be followed by the Registrar for the release of security given by the foreman under section 14 ; (h) the maintenance of registers and cooks of accounts by the foreman, the safe custody of Looks, records and documents in the Registrar's office and also for the destruction of such books, records and documents as need no longer be kept; 82 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 69] (i) the procedure to be followed for the winding up of a chit under Chapter IX; and (j) the auditing of the balance-sheets and profits and loss accounts of' chits and the audit certificates. (3) All rules under this Act shall as soon as may be after they are made, be laid before each House of the State Legislature while it is in session, for a total period of thirty days in its one session or more than one successive sessions and shall unless some later date is appointed take effect from the date of their publication in the Gazette subject to such modifications or annulments as the two Houses of the Legislature may during the said period agree to make, so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to anything previously done thereunder. -----------------------------------------------