The Human organ transplantation act 1994

F.No. S. 12011/07/2016-MS Government of India Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Department of Health and Family Welfare Medical Services Section Nirman Bhawan, New Delhi Dated the 21st August, 2017 CIRCULAR The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has been receiving several references/petitions regarding am endm ent of “The Human Organs and Tissues Transplantation Act, 1994 (as amended in 2011)”. Therefore, it has been decided to solicit public opinion/com m ents with regard to am endm ent in the said Act before the process of am endm ent is initiated in this Ministry. Accordingly, an Explanatory Note is being uploaded. 2. The opinion/com m ents may be sent by email to amendmenUhola@gmail.com preferably by 25th September, 2017. The comments received after this period will not be taken into consideration. (Sunil Kumar) Under Secretary to the Govt, of India Tel: 23061436 Enel: 1. Explanatory Note 2. Copy of THOTA F.No. S. 12011/07/2016-M S Government of India Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Departm ent of Health and Family Welfare Medical Services Section Subject:- Expansion of definition of ‘near relatives1 under Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 1994 and their am endm ent thereof- Regarding Transplantation of Human Organs Act was enacted in 1994 with the objective of regulation of removal, storage and transplantation of hum an organs for therapeutic purposes and for the prevention of commercial dealings in hum an organs. This Act was subsequently amended by Transplantation of Human Organs (Amendment) Act, 2011 and the title was revised as Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 1994. 2. The said am endm ent Act inter alia amended the clause (i) of Section 2 of the Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 1994 which provides for the definition of “near relative” according to which “near relative” m eant “spouse, son, daughter, father, mother, brother or sister.” Subsequently, vide the am endm ent Act, the definition of “near relative” was expanded “grandfather, grandmother, grandson or granddaughter3’ were also included in the definition of “near relative”. Thus, as per clause (i) of the am endm ent Act, 2011, near relative m eans "spouse, son, daughter, father, mother, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother, grandson, or granddaughter.” 3. During the course of time, it has been observed that the expansion of definition of near relatives” has not led to any significant increase in availability of living donors as grandparents are either too old to donate or can’t donate due to some adverse medical condition, and grand children are usually too young to donate organs. Thus demand for organs outweighs their supply. This Ministry has been receiving a num ber of grievances concerning to the ‘Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 1994’ oi which majority are requests for organs due to non-availability of near relative donor or blood group mismatch with near relative. 4. Further, in recent times there have been increased incidents of organ trading. This can also be attributed to mismatch between supply and demand of organs. Thus, it is felt that the definition of ‘near relatives’ requires to be expanded further so as to increase the availability of living organ donors. 5. In light of the same, the Government of India is considering to expand the definition of near relative and amend the section 2(1) by including the following: (i) step father, step mother; (ii) step brother, step sister, step son, step daughter and their spouses; (iii) spouses of sons and daughters of recipient; (iv) brothers and sisters of recipient’s spouse and their spouses; (v) brothers and sisters of recipient’s parents and their spouses; (vi) first cousins [having common grandparent(s)] of the recipient and their spouses; 6. In view of the above, before reaching to any conclusion, it has been decided to solicit public opinion/com m ents with regard to am endm ent in the said Act. It is requested that the com m ents/suggestion in this regard may be sent to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare by email on amendmentthotaffl gmail.com, 7. Apart from suggestions/com m ents in respect of the above amendm ent suggestions/com m ents may also be sent for am endm ent in other sections of the said Act, if any, for making the transplant procedure simpler and easier. THE TRANSPLANTATION OF HUMAN ORGANS AND TISSUES ACT, 1994 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS CHAPTER I Preliminary Sections !. Short title, application and commencement. 2. Definitions. CHAPTER II AUTHORITY FOR THE REMOVAL OF HUMAN ORGANS OR TISSUES OR BOTH 3. Authority for removal of human organs or tissues or both. 4. Removal of human organs or tissues or both not to be authorised in certain cases. 5. Authority for removal of human organs or tissues or both in case of unclaimed bodies in hospital or prison. 6. Authority for removal of human organs or tissues or both from bodies sent for post-mortem examination for medico-legal or pathological purposes. 7. Preservation of human organs or tissue or both. 8. Savings. 9. Restrictions on removal and transplantation of human organs or tissues or both. CHAPTER III Regulation of hospitals 10. Regulation of hospital conducting the removal, storage or transplantation of human organs or tissue or both. 1 I. Prohibition of removal or transplantation of human organs or tissues or both for any purpose other than therapeutic purpose. 12. Explaining effects, etc., to donor and recipient. CHAPTER IV Appropriate Authority 13. Appropriate Authority. 13A. Advisory Committees to advise Appropriate Authority. 13B. Powers of Appropriate Authority. 13C. National Human Organs or tissues or both and Tissues Removal and Storage Network. 13D. National registry. CHAPTER V Registration of hospitals 14. Registration of hospitals engaged in removal, storage or transplantation of human organs or tissues or both. 14A. Registration of Tissue Bank. 15. Certificate of registration. 16. Suspension or cancellation of registration. 17. Appeals. 1 CHAPTER VI Offences and penalties Sections 18. Punishment for removal of human organ without authority. 19. Punishment for commercial dealings in human organs. 19A. Punishment for illegal dealings in human tissues. 20. Punishment for contravention of any other provision of this Act. 21. Offences by companies. 22. Cognizance of offences. CHAPTER VII Miscellaneous 23. Protection of action taken in good faith. 24. Power to make rules. 25. Repeal and savings. 2 THE ERANSPLAN FATION OF 3[HUMAN ORGANS AND TISSUES] ACT. 1994 Act No. 42 of 1994 An Act to provide for the regulation of removal, storage and transplantation of [human organs and tissues for therapeutic purposes and for the prevention oPf commercial dealings in human organs and tissues] and for matters connected therewith or incidental WHEREAS it is expedient to provide for the regulation of removal, storage and transplantation of l£ V C X n s ^tissues or°both][ ,heraPei"i<: P“'P0SeS f°r ■ * « * " °f ^ wi,h respm ,o -ny °f ,ht and whereas inpursuance of clause (I) of article 252 of the Constitution, resolutions have been r l 1 2 3! a. ^ °USeS °f.tlie Legfslatures of the St^es of Goa, Himachal Pradesh and Maharashtra to e effect that the matters aforesaid should be regulated in those States by Parliament by law; Be it enacted by Parliament in the Forty-fifth Year of the Republic of India as follows:- CHAPTERI Preliminary 3n aPP,icati0« and commencement. (7) This Act may be called the Transplantation of [Human Organs and Tissues] Act, 1994. (2) It applies, in the first instance, to the whole of the States of Goa, Himachal Pradesh and Maharashtra and to all the Union territories and it shall also apply to such other State which adopts this Act by resolution passed in that behalf under clause (1) of article 252 of the Constitution. (3) It shall come into force in the States of Goa, Himachal Pradesh and Maharashtra and in all the riion territories on such date as the Central Government may, by notification, appoint and in any other State which adopts this Act under clause (7) of article 252 of the Constitution, on the date of such adoption; and any reference in this Act to the commencement of this Act shall, in relation to any State or Union territory, means the date on which this Act comes into force in such State or Union territory, 2. Definitions.—in this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— (a) ‘advertisement” includes any form of advertising whether to the public generally or to any section of the public or, individually to selected persons; ' (b) Appropriate Authority’ means the Appropriate Authority appointed under section 13; (c) Authorisation Committee” means the committee constituted under clause (a) or clause (b) of sub-section (4) of section 9; (d) “brain-stem death" means the stage at which all functions of the brain-stem have permanently and irreversibly ceased and is so certified under sub-section (6) of section 3; (e) deceased person means a person in whom permanent disappearance of all evidence of life occurs, by reason of brain-stem death or in a cardio-pulmonarv sense, at any time after live birth has taken place; 1. Subs, by Act 16 of 2011. s. 2. for “human organs for therapeutic purposes and for the prevention of commercial dealings in human organs’ (w.e.f. 10-1 -2014). 2. Subs, by s. 4. ibid, for “human organs” (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 3. Subs, by s. 3. ibid., for “11100311 Organs'" (w.e.f 10-1-2014). 4' sec 'S IT " ]" 5, vWeN°tir,Cati0n No' S-°- dated the 4th February, 1995. see Gazette of India, Extraordinary, Pari II. 3 (/) “donor” means any person, not less than eighteen years of age, who voluntarily authorises the removal of any of his human organs for therapeutic purposes under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) of section 3; (g) “hospital” includes a nursing home, clinic, medical centre, medical or teaching institution for therapeutic purposes and other like institution; {/?) “human organ” means any part of a human body consisting of a structured arrangement of tissues which, if wholly, removed, cannot be replicated by the body; \(ha) “Human Organ Retrieval Centre” means a hospital,— (/) which has adequate facilities for treating seriously ill patients who can be potential dortours of organs in the event of death; and (ii) which is registered under sub-section (/) of section 14 for retrieval of human organs; (lib) “minor” means a person who has not completed the age of eighteen years;] 2[(j) -‘near relative” means spouse, son, daughter, father, mother, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother, grandson or granddaughter;] (/') “notification” means a notification published in the Official Gazette; (k) “payment” means payment in money or money’s worth but does not include any payment for defraying or reimbursing— (/) the cost of removing, transporting or preserving (lie ’[human organ or tissue or both] to be supplied; or (//) any expenses or loss of earnings incurred by a person so far as reasonably and directly attributable to his supplying any human organ from his body; (/) “prescribed” means prescribed by rules made under this Act; (m) “recipient” means a person into whom any ’[human organ or tissue or both] is, or is proposed to be, transplanted; («) “registered medical practitioner” means a medical practitioner who possesses any recognised medical qualification as defined in clause (h) of section 2 of the Indian Medical Council Act, 1956 (102 of 1956), and who is enrolled on a State Medical Register as defined in clause (£) of that section; (o) “therapeutic purposes” means systematic treatment of any disease or the measures to improve health according to any particular method or modality;4*** 5[(oa) “tissue” means a group of cells, except blood, performing a particular function in the human body; (ob) “Tissue Bank” means a facility registered under section I4A for carrying out any activity relating to the recovery, screening, testing, processing, storage and distribution of tissues, but does not to include a Blood Bank;] (p) “transplantation” means the grafting of any human organ from any living person or deceased person to some other living person for therapeutic purposes; 5[(c/) “transplant co-ordinator” means a person appointed by the hospital for co-ordinating all matters relating to removal or transplantation of human organs or tissues or both and for assisting the authority for removal of human organs in accordance with the provisions of sections 3.] * 2 3 4 5 ]. Ins. by Act !6of2011, s. 5 (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 2. Subs, by s. 5. ibid., for clause (r) (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 3. Subs, by s. 4. ibid., for “human organ” (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 4. The word "and” omitted by s. 5. ibid, (w.e.f. 10-1-2014), 5. Ins. by s. 5, ibid, (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 4 CHAPTER II AU THORII Y FOR THE REMOVAL OF '[HUMAN ORGANS OR TISSUES OR BOTH] 3. Authority for removal of '[human organs or tissues or both],--(/) Any donor mav in such manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed, authorise the removal, before his death 0 a,y thuman or£an or tIssue 0!' both] of his body for therapeutic purposes. ’ [(1A) For the purpose of removal, storage or transplantation of such human organs or tissues or both as may be prescnbed, ,t shall be the duty of the registered medical practitioner worldng in a hosph^ .n consultation with transplant co-ordinator, it such transplant co-ordinator is available,— ’ (0 to ascertain from the person admitted to the Intensive Care Unit or from his near relative that hoh authonsed at any time before his death the removal of any human organ or tissue or such mhurtatfon, " 'he h°Spi,alShal1 proceed 10 obain ,he -lolimenlalion for aw ii')m 'T ,n0 SUCh aUlh0rily as referred ,0 in sub-seclion (2) was made by such person, to make aware to that person or near relative for option to authorise or decline for donation of human organs or tissues or both; 0i <mi) to require the hospital to inform in writing to the Human Organ Removal Centre for removal storage or transplantation of human organs or tissues or both of the donor identified in clauses (/) anci (/"/) in such manner as may be prescribed (IB) The duties mentioned under clauses (/) to (Hi) of sub-section (l A) from such date, as mav be prescribed, shall also apply in the case of a registered medical practitioner working in an Intensive Care Unit in a hospital which is not registered under this Act for the purpose of removal, storage or transplantation of human organs or tissues or both.] 11 a,y donor bad, in writing and in the presence of two or more witnesses at least one of whom is a near relative of such person), unequivocally authorised at any time before his death the removal ot any human organ of his body, after his death, for therapeutic purposes the person lawfully in possession of the dead body of the donor shall, unless he has any reason to believe that the donor had subsequently revoked the authority aforesaid, grant to a registered medical practitioner aU.reasonable facilities for the removal, for therapeutic purposes, of that -[human organ or tissue or both] from the dead body of the donor. (j ) Where no such authority as is referred to in sub-section (2), was made by any person before his death but no objection was also expressed by such person to any of his '[human organs or tissues or both] being used after his death tor therapeutic purposes, the person lawfully in possession of the dead body o such peison may, unless he has reason to believe that any near relative of the deceased person has objection to any of the deceased person’s '[human organs or tissues or both] being used for therapeutic purposes, authorise the removal of any '[human organ or tissue or both] of the deceased person for its use for therapeutic purposes. (4) The authority given under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) or, as the case may be. sub-section (3) shall be sufficient warrant for the removal,? for therapeutic purposes, VoJIf tIIhILe “L[hJJuUmII laanii oigan oi tissue or both]; but no such removal shall be made by any person other than the registered medical practitioner: ’ & [Provided that a technician possessing such qualifications and experience, as may be prescribed may enucleate a cornea.] (5) W here any [human organ or tissue or both] is to be removed from the body of a deceased person, the registered medical practitioner^ shall satisfy himself, before such removal, by a personal examination ol the body from which any “[human organ or tissue or both] is to be removed, that life is extinct in such body or, where it appears to be a case of brain-stem death, that such death has been certified under sub-section (6). (6) Where any "[human organ or tissue or both] is to be removed from the body of a person in the event of his brain-stem death, no such removal shall be undertaken unless such death is certified, in such 1 2 3 1. Subs, by Act ol 16 ot 201 I. s. 4. for "human organs" (w.e.f. 10-1 -2014). 2. Subs, by s. 4, ibid., for "human organ" (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 3. Ins. by s. 6, ibid, (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). S form and in such manner and on satisfaction of such conditions and requirements as maybe prescribed, by a Board of medical experts consisting of the following, namely:— (ii) the registered medical practitioner in charge of the hospital in which brain-stem death lias occurred; (//) an independent registered medical practitioner, being a specialist, to be nominated by the registered medical practitioner specified in clause (i), from the panel of names approved by the Appropriate Authority; (iii) a neurologist or a neurosurgeon to be nominated by the registered medical practitioner specified in clause (i), from the panel of names approved by the Appropriate Authority; '*** ^[Provided that where a neurologist or a neurosurgeon is not available, the registered medical practitioner may nominate an independent registered medical practitioner, being a surgeon or a physician and an anaesthetist or intensivist subject to the condition that they are not members of the transplantation team for the concerned recipient and to such conditions as may be prescribed;] (;v) the registered medical practitioner treating the person whose brain-stem death has occurred. (7) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (3), where brain-stem death of any person, less than eighteen years of age, occurs and is certified under sub-section (6), any of the parents of the deceased person may give authority, in such form and in such manner as may be prescribed, for the removal of any '[human organ or tissue or both] from the body of the deceased person. 4. Removal of* 2 3 4|human organs or tissues or both] not to be authorised in certain eases. (7) No facilities shall be granted under sub-section (2) of section 3 and no authority shall be given under sub-section (2) of that section for the removal of any ’ [human organ or tissue or both] from the body of a deceased person, if the person required to grant such facilities, or empowered to give such authority, has reason to believe that an inquest may be required to be held in relation to such body in pursuance of the provisions of any law for the time being in force. (2) No authority for the removal of any ’[human organ or tissue or both] from the body of a deceased person shall be given by a person to whom such body has been entrusted solely for the purpose of interment, cremation or other disposal. 5. Authority for removal of 4[human organs or tissues or both] in case of unclaimed bodies in hospital or prison.—(7) In the case of a dead body lying in a hospital or prison and not claimed by any of the near relatives of the deceased person within forty-eight hours from the time of the death of the concerned person, the authority for the removal of any ’[human organ or tissue or both] from the dead body which so remains unclaimed may be given, in the prescribed form, by the person in charge, for the time being, of the management or control of the hospital or prison, or by an employee of such hospital or prison authorised in this behalf by the person in charge of the management or control thereof. (2) No authority shall be given under sub-section (7) if the person empowered to give such authority lias reason to believe that any near relative of the deceased person is likely to claim the dead body even though such near relative has not come forward to claim the body of the deceased person within the time specified in sub-section (7). 6. Authority for removal of 4[human organs or tissues or both] from bodies sent for post-mortem examination for medico-legal or pathological purposes. Where the body of a person has been sent for post-mortem examination— (a) for medico-legal purposes by reason of the death of such person having been caused by accident or any other unnatural cause; or (/?) for pathological purposes. I The word “and" omitted by Acl 16 of 2011, s. 6 {w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 2. Ins. by s. 6, ibid, (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 3. Suhs. by s. 4. ibid., for’‘human organ" (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 4. Subs, by s. 4, ibid., for "human organs" (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 6 ta H fT “ T T ! ukndJeflhiS AM ,0 8ive aulh°ri* for ,he re"1°''al of a"J '[human organ or ,issue or will „mT SLIChd“ dbod:v ma>'-lf he has reason to believe that such '[human organ orteue or both] w not be required for the purpose for which such body I,as been sent for post-mortem examination authorise the removal, for therapeutic purposes, of that '[human organ or hssue ™ bothT of me deceased person provided that he is satisfied that the deceased person had not expressed before his eath any objection to any of his “[human organs or tissues or both] being used, for therapeutic purposes after his death or, where he had granted an authority for the use of any of his S n organs o before his deaih. Pl'rp°SeS' after his death’ such aathoi% had not been revoked by him 7. Preservation of ’[human organs or tissues or both].—After the removal of any ‘[human orean oi tissue o[ both] from the body of any person, the registered medical practitioner* shall take such steps foi the preservation of the [human organ or tissue or both] so removed as may be prescribed. i 8‘ Swings.—(7) Nothing in the foregoing provisions of this Act shall be construed as rendering unlawful any dealing with the body or with any pan of the body of a deceased person if such dealing would have been lawful if this Act had not been passed. S nr h2hi^eithTi th,e F anl of facility or authority for the removal of any '[human organ or tissue T i , y °fa deC6aSed PerS°n inaccordance with the provisions of this Act nor the removal oil any [human organ or tissue or both] from the body of a deceased person in pursuance of (45 ofT860)^ Shai be deemed t0 bean offence punishable under section 297 of the Indian Penal Code 9. Restrictions on removal and transplantation of 2 3[human organs or tissues or both] -(1) Save as otherwise provided in sub-section (5), no [human organ or tissue or both] removed from the body of a donor before Ins death shall be transplanted into a recipient unless the donor is a near relative of the r cci pient. J(1A) Where the donor or the recipient being near relative is a foreign national, prior approval of the botIr°nSatl0n C°mmittee Sha11 be reclu,red before removing or transplanting human organ or tissue or Provided that the Authorisation Committee shall not approve such removal or transplantation if the recipient is a foreign national and the donor is an Indian national unless they are near relatives. (ID) No human organs or tissues or both shall be removed from the body of a minor before his death toj the pin pose of transplantation except in the manner as may be prescribed. (1C ) No human organs or tissues or both shall be removed from the body of a mentally challenge person before his death for the purpose of transplantation. Explanation.—For the purpose of this sub-section,— (/) the expression “mentally challenged person” includes a person with mental illness or mental retardation, as the ease may be: (//) the expression “mental illness” includes dementia, schizophrenia and such oilier mental condition that makes a person intellectually disables; (/7Y) thc^ expression “mental retardation” shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in c ausc {>) of section 2 oi the Persons With Disabilities (Equal Opportunities. Protection of Right and Full Participation) Act, 1995 (I of 1996).] (2) Where any donor authorises the removal of any of his ■'[human organs or tissues or both] after his death under sub-section (2) of section 3 or any person competent or empowered to give authority for the removal of any ] [human organ or tissue or both] from the body of any deceased person authorises such removal, the [human organ or tissue or both] may be removed and transplanted into the body of any recipient who may be in need of such '[human organ or tissue or both]. (J) It any donor authorises the removal of any of his 2[human organs or tissues or both] before his death under sub-section (/) of section 3 for transplantation into the body of such recipient, not being a near relative, as is specified by the donor by reason of affection or attachment towards the 1. Subs, by Acl 16 ol 2011. s. 4 for“human organ”(w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 2. Subs, by s. 4, ibid., for “human organs” (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 3. Ins. by s. 7, ibid, (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 7 recipient or for any other special reasons, such '[human organ or tissue or both] shall not be removed and transplanted without the prior approval of the Authorisation Committee. 2[(3A) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (i), where— (a) any donor lias agreed to make a donation of his human organ or tissue or both before his death to a recipient, who is his near relative, but such donor is not compatible biologically as a donor for the recipient; and (,b) the second donor has agreed to make a donation of his human organ or tissue or both before his death to such recipient, who is his near relative, but such donor is not compatible biologically as a donor for such recipient; then (c) the first donor who is compatible biologically as a donor for the second recipient and the second donor is compatible biologically as a donor of a human organ or tissue or both tor the first recipient and both donors and both recipients in the aforesaid group of donor and recipient have entered into a single agreement to donate and receive such human organ or tissue or both according to such biological compatibility in the group. the removal and transplantation of the human organ or tissue or both, as per the agreement referred to above, shall not be done without prior approval of the Authorisation Committee.] 3 [(4) 0) The composition of the Authorisation Committee shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government from time to time. (/?) The State Government and the Union territories shall constitute, by notification, one or more Authorisation Committee consisting of such members as may be nominated by the State Government and the Union territories on such terms and conditions as may be specified in the notification for the purposes of this section.] (5) On an application jointly made, in such form and in such manner as may be prescribed, by the donor and the recipient, the Authorisation Committee shall, after holding an inquiry and after satisfying itself that the applicants have complied with all the requirements of this Act and tile rules made thereunder, grant to the applicants approval for the removal and transplantation of the human organ. (6) If, after the inquiry and after giving an opportunity to the applicants of being heard, the Authorisation Committee is satisfied that the applicants have not complied with the requirements of this Act and the rules made thereunder, it shall, for reasons to be recorded in writing, reject the application for approval. CHAPTER III REGULATION OF HOSPITALS 10. Regulation of hospitals conducting the removal, storage or transplantation of 4[human organs or tissues or both].—(/) On and from the commencement of this Act,— (a) no hospital, unless registered under this Act, shall conduct, or associate with, or help in, the removal, storage or transplantation of any '[human organ or tissue or both;] (b) no medical practitioner or any other person shall conduct, or cause to be conducted, or aid in conducting by himself or through any other person, any activity relating to the removal, storage or transplantation of any ’[human organ or tissue or both] at a place other than a place registered under this Act;5*** 1 2 3 4 5 1. Subs, by Act 16 of 2011, s. 4, for “human organ” (w.e.f 10-1-2014). 2. Ins. by s. 7. ibid, (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 3. Subs, by s. 7, ibid,, for Sub-section (4) (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 4. Subs, by s. 4, ibid,, for “human organs” (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 5. The word “anil” omitted by s. 8. ibid, (w.e.f. 10-1 -2014) 8 (O no place including a hospital registered under sub-section (7) of section 15 shall be used or cause to be used by any person for the removal, storage or transplantation of any [human organ or tissue or both] except for therapeutic purposes; 2[and] ' [(d) no Tissues Bank, unless registered under this Act, shall carry out any activity relation to the i ecovery, screening, testing, processing, storage and distribution of tissues.] S (2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (7), the eyes or the ears may be removed at ny place from the dead body of any donor, for therapeutic purposes, by a registered medical practitioner. Explanation.-For the purposes of this sub-section, “ears’1 includes ear drums and ear bones. 11. Prohibition of removal or transplantation of '[human organs or tissues or bothl for -mv theTemova! f '! ^ purposes— No donor and ™ person empowered to give authority for e removal of any human organ shall authorise the removal of any '[human organ or tissue or bothl for any purpose other than therapeutic purposes. 12. Explaining effects, etc., to donor and recipient — No registered medical practitioner shall undertake the removal or transplantation of any '[human organ or tissue or both] unless he has explained, in such manner as may be prescribed, all possible effects, complications and hazards connected with the removal and transplantation to the donor and the recipient respectively. CHAPTER IV appropriate Authority 13. Appropriate Authority.—(7) The Central Government shall appoint, by notification, one ° ct °re offlcers as Appropriate Authorities for each of the Union territories for the purposes of this (2) ' The State Government shall appoint, by notification, one or more officers as Appropriate Authorities for the purposes of this Act. (J) The Appropriate Authority shall perform the following functions, namely:— (0 to grant registration under sub-section (7) of section 15 or renew registration under sub-section (J) of that section; (//) to suspend or cancel registration under sub-section (2) of section 16; [0‘0 to enforce such standards, as may be prescribed,— (.4) lor hospitals engaged in the removal, storage or transplantation of any human organ: (B) for Tissue Banks engaged in recovery, screening, testing, processing, storage and distribution of tissues;] (iv) to investigate any complaint of breach of any of the provisions of this Act or any of the rules made thereunder and take appropriate action; to inspect Tissue Banks periodically;] (G to inspect hospitals periodically for examination of the quality of transplantation and the follow-up medical care to persons who have undergone transplantation and persons from whom organs are removed; and (w) to undertake such other measures as may be prescribed. 7[13A- Advisory Committees to advise Appropriate Authority.—(7) The Central Government and and the State Governments, as the case may be, by notification, shall constitute an Advisory Committee tor a period of two years to aid and advise the Appropriate Authority to discharge its functions. 1. Subs, by Acl 16 ol 2011, s. 4. lor “human organ" (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 2. The word “and" ins by s. 8. ibid, (w.e.f. I0-f-20l4). 3. Ins. by s. 8, ibid, (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 4. Subs, by s. 4. ibid., for “human organs” (w.e.f. 10-1-20141, 5. Subs, by s. 9, ibid., % clause (Hi) (w.e.f 10-1-2014). 6. Ins. by s. 9, ibid, (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 7. Ins. by s. 10, ibid, (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 9 (2) The Advisory Committee shall consist of— (a) one administrative expert not below the rank of Secretary to the State Government, to be nominated as Chairperson of the Advisory Committee; (b) two medical experts having such qualifications as may be prescribed, (c) one officer not below the rank of a Joint Director to represent the Ministry or Department of Health and Family Welfare, to be designated as Member-Secretary; (d) two eminent social workers of high social standing and integrity, one of whom shall be from amongst representatives of women’s organisation; (e) one leaal expert who has held the position of an Additional District Judge or equivalent; (J) one person to represent non-governmental organisations or associations which are working in the field of organ or tissue donations or human rights; (g) one specialist in the field of human organ transplantation, provided he is not a member of the transplantation team. (d) The terms and conditions for appointment to the Advisory Committee shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government. 13B. Powers of Appropriate Authority.—The Appropriate Authority shall for the purposes of this Act have all the powers of a civil court trying a suit under the Code ot Civil Procedure, 1908 (Sot 1908) and, in particular, in respect of the following matters, namely:— (o) summoning of any person who is in possession of any information relating to violation ot the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder; (ft) discovery and production of any document or material object; (c) issuing search warrant for any place suspected to be indulging in unauthorised removal, procurement or transplantation of human organs or tissues or both; and (d) any other matter which may be prescribed. 13C. National Human Organs and Tissues Removal and Storage Network....The Central Government may, by notification, establish a National Human Organs and Tissues Removal and Storage Network at one or more places and Regional Network in such manner and to perform such functions, as may be prescribed. 13D. National registry.—The Central Government shall maintain a national registry of the donors and recipients of human organs and tissues and such registry shall have such information as may be prescribed to an ongoing evaluation of the scientific and clinical status of human organs and tissue.] CHAPTER V REGISTRATION OF HOSPITALS 14. Registration of hospitals engaged in removal, storage or transplantation of '[human organs or tissues or both].—(7) 1 2 3[No hospital (including Human Organ Retrieval Centre)] shall commence any activity relating to the removal, storage or transplantation ot any [human oigan oi tissue or both] for therapeutic purposes after the commencement of this Act unless such hospital is duly registered under this Act: Provided that every hospital engaged, either^ partly or exclusively, in any activity relating to the removal, storage or transplantation of any ''[human organ or tissue or both] toi therapeutic purposes immediately before the commencement of this Act, shall apply for registration within sixty days from the date of such commencement: Provided further that every hospital engaged in any activity relating to the removal, storage oi transplantation of any '[human organ or tissue or both] shall cease to engage in any such activity on the expiry of three months from the date of commencement of this Act unless such hospital has applied for registration and is go registered or till such application is disposed of, whichever is eailier. 1. Subs, by Act of 16 oT2011. s. 4. for “human organs” (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 2. Subs, by s. 11. ibid., for "‘No hospital” (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 3. Subs, bv s. 4, ibid, for “human organ” (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 10 {2) Every application for registration under sub-section (J) shall he made m a Authority in such torn, ,„d in such ™„„cr and shah he , £ £ £ such "hnsnit: !105Pita' Sha" be registered L1[lder this Act unless the Appropriate Authority is satisfied that mann! P ,r 'n-a P°Slt'0n t0 pr°V‘de such specialised services and facilities, possess) such skilled manpower and equipments and maintain such standards as may be prescribed. [(4) No hospital shall be registered under this Act, unless the Appropriate Authority is satisfied that prescribed!] 3 tr3nSP'ant C0°rdmat0r having such qualifications and expedience as may be 2[14A. Registration of Tissue Bank.—{/) No Tissue Bank shall, after the commencement of the toTeP imcove,nv ™ ° rganS (Amendment> Act, 2011 (16 of 2011), commence any activity relating !e g ^ X d « th 1 sA c ^ nS' Pr0C6SSing’ St°rage and d"tnbmi0n of ^ it is duly Provided that any facility engaged, either party or exlusiveiy, in any activity relating to the recovery screening, testing, processing, storage and distribution of tissues immediately before the commencemern the Transplantation ol Human Organs (Amendment) Act, 2011 (16 of 2011). shall apply for registration as Tissues Bank within sixty days from the date of such commencement: Ptovided further that such facility shall cease to engage in any such activity on the expiry of three A° 'S i l Z ot “ "’« > = " > of the Transplantation of Human Organs (Amendement) f ; 7° . (\6 of 2°M)’ un ess such Tissae Bank has applied for registration and is so registered, or till such application is disposed of, whichever is earlier, (2) Every application for registration under sub-section (J) shall be made to the Appropriate Aulhoi itv in such form and ,n such manner and shall be accompanied by such fees as may be prescribed. th atch ’°T?SU rSS* Sha" bC regiStered UIlder this Act l,nfess the Appropriate Authority is satisfied hat such fissue Bank is m a position to provide such specialised service and facilities, possess such skilled manpower and equipments and maintain such standards as may be prescribed.] ~ 15‘C^rtlfici,te of registration.—(/) The Appropriate Authority shall, after holding an inquiry and after satisfyingitself that the applicant has complied with all the requirements of this Act and the rules made thereunder, [grant to the hospital or to the tissue Bank, as the case may be,] a certificate of registration in such form, for such period and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed. (2) If, after the inquiry and after giving an opportunity to the applicant of being heard, the Appiopnate Authority is satisfied that the applicant has not complied with the requirement of this Act and the rules made thereunder, it shall, for reasons to be recorded in writing, reject the application for regisiraiion. (3) Eveiy certificate ol registration shall be renewed in such manner and on payment of such fees as may be prescribed. 16. Suspension or cancellation of registration.-*/) The Appropriate Authority may SU0 mo,\l °f on comPlaint> [SSue a llotlce to any '[hospital or Tissue Bank, as the case may be,] to show cause why its registration under this Act should not be suspended or cancelled for the reasons mentioned in the notice. (2) Ifi after giving a reasonable opportunity of being heard to the '[hospital or Tissue Bank as the case may be,] the Appropriate Authority is satisfied that there has been a breach of any of the provisions ol this Act or the rules made thereunder, it may, without prejudice to any criminal action that it may take against such [hospital or Tissue Bank, as the case may be,] suspend its registration for such period as it may think tit or cancel its registration: 1. Ins. by Act [6 of 20 It, s, 11 (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 2. Ins. by s. 12, ibid, (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 3. Subs, by s. 13, ibid., for “grant lo the hospital" (w.e.f 10-1 -2014). 4. Subs, by s. 14. ibid., for “hospital” (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 11 Provided that where the Appropriate Authority is of the opinion that it is necessary or expedient so to do in the public interest, it may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, suspend the registration ot any '[hospital or Tissue Bank, as the case may be,] without issuing any notice. 17. Appeals.—Any person aggrieved by an order of the Authorisation Committee rejecting an application for approval under sub-section (6) of section 9, or any hospital 2[or Tissue Bank, as the case may be,] aggrieved by an order of the Appropriate Authority rejecting an application for registration under sub-section (2) of section 15 or an order of suspension or cancellation of registration under sub-section (2) of section 16, may, within thirty days from the date of the receipt of the order, prefer an appeal, in such manner as may be prescribed, against such order to— (?) the Central Government where the appeal is against the order of the Authorisation Committee constituted under clause (a) of sub-section (4) of section 9 or against the order of the Appropriate Authority appointed under sub-section (/) of section 13; or (ii) the State Government, where the appeal is against the order of the Authorisation Committee constituted under clause (b) of sub-section (-/) of section 9 or against the order of the Appropriate Authority appointed under sub-section (2) of section 13. CHAPTER VI Offences and penalties 18. Punishment for removal of human organ without authority.—(1) Any person who renders his services to or at any hospital and who, for purposes of transplantation, conducts, associates with, or helps in any manner in, the removal of any human organ without authority, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to ’[ten years and with fine which may extend to twenty lakh rupees]. (2) Where any person convicted under sub-section (/) is a registered medical practitioner, his name shall be reported by the Appropriate Authority to the respective State Medical Council for taking necessary action including the removal of his name from the register of the Council for a period of‘’[three years] for the first offence and permanently for tire subsequent offence. 5[(J) Any person who renders his services to or at any hospital and who conducts, or associates with or helps in any manner in tire removal of human tissue without authority, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and with fine which may extend to five lakh rupees.] ■ 19. Punishment for commercial dealings in human organs.—Whoever— (a) makes or receives any payment for the supply of, or for an offer to supply, airy human organ; (b) seeks to find a person willing to supply for payment any human organ; (c) offers to supply any human organ for payment; or (d) initiates or negotiates any arrangement involving the making of any payment for the supply of, or for an offer to supply, any human organ; (<?) takes part in lire management or control of a body of persons, whether a society, firm or company, whose activities consist of or include the initiation or negotiation of any arrangement referred to in clause (c/); or if) publishes or distributes or causes to be published or distributed any advertisement,— (a) inviting persons to supply for payment of any human organ; (b) offering to supply any human organ for payment; or 1 2 3 4 5 1. Subs, by Act 16 of 2011, s. 14, for “hospital” (w.e.f. 10-1-20!4). 2. Ins. by s. 15, ibid, (w.e.f. I0-I-2UI4). 3. Subs, by s. 16, ibid., for “five years and with fine which may extend to ten thousand rupees” (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 4. Subs, by s. IG, ibid., for “two years” (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 5. Ins. by s. 16. ibid, (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 12 to tadatisfw f8 "le adVCr'iSer iS Wi"in8 t0 initiate 0r ne80tiate any [(g) abets in the preparation or submission of false documents including giving false affidavits to affect S1 ,ha<‘”e|donor is mati"8 <>*donation of the human organs, as a netr relafive o by ™„ of affection or attachment towards the recipient, y shad be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than 2[five years but which ^SLTe^eet" * ** ^ |19A. Punishment for illegal dealings in human tissues.—Whoever__ or (a) makes °r receives an>" Payment for the supply of, or for an offer to supply, any human tissue; (b) seeks to find a person willing to supply for payment and human tissue; or (c) offers to supply any human tissue for payment; or (d) initiates or negotiates any arrangement involving the making of any payment for the supply of, 01 for an offer to supply, any human tissue; or ‘ (e) takes part in the management or control of a body of persons, whether a society firm or consist °f °r inciude ",e ini“ ion °r — <*• “v (f) publishes or distributes or causes to be published or distributed any advertisement— (/) inviting persons to supply for payment of any human tissue; or (//) offering to supply any human tissue for payment; or (Hi) indicating that the advertiser is willing to initiate or negotiate any arrangement referred to m clause (a); or . m-'1 ,abftS in lhe PreParat'on or submission of false documents including giving false affidavits to establish that the donor is making the donation of the human tissues as a neai"relative or by reason of affection or attachment towards the recipient. shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shad not be less than one year but which may extend to three years and shad be liable to fine which shall not be less than five lakh rupees but which may extend to twenty-five lakh rupees.] 20. Punishment for contravention of any other provision of this Act.—Whoever contravenes any provision of this Act or any rule made, or any condition of the registration granted, thereunder for which no punishment is separately provided in this Act, shad be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to ■ [five years or with fine which may extend to twenty lakh rupees], 21. Offences by companies.— (/) Where any offence punishable under this Act has been committed by a company, every person who, at the time the offence was committed was in charge of and was responsible to, the company for the conduct of the business of the company as wed as the company, shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shad be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly; Provided that nothing contained in this sub-section shall render any such person liable to any punishment, il he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that be had exercised all due diligence to prevent tiie commission of such offence. (2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (/), where any offence punishable under this Act has been committed by a company and it is proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or connivance of. or is attributable to any neglect on the pail of, any director, manager, secretaryI. * 3 4 * I. Ins. by Act 16 of 201 1. s. 17 (w.e.f 10-1-2014). 2' n/nt-h°!' T SAb"' Wh,Ch ™'V eX,Cm‘ U’ Sewn years and silaN be lblble l« which shall not be less than ten thousand tupees but may extend to twenty thousand rupees”(w.e.f. 10-1-2014) 3. The proviso omitted by s. 17, ibid, (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 4, Ins. by s. IK. ibid, (w.e.f 10-1-2014). d. Subs, by s. 19. ibid., for “three years or with fine which may extend to five thousand rupees” (w.e.f 10-1-2014) 13 V* or other officer of the company, such director, manager, secretary or other otiicer shall also be deemed to be guilty of that offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly. Explanation.—For the purposes of this section,— (a) “company” means any body corporate and includes a firm or other association ot individuals; and (b) “director” in relation to a firm, means a partner in the firm. 22.

Cognizance of offences.—(1) No court shall take cognizance of an offence under this Act except on a complaint made by— («) the Appropriate Authority concerned, or any officer authorised in this behalf by the Central Government or the State Government or, as the case may be, the Appropriate Authority; or; (b) a person who has given notice of not less than sixty days, in such manner as may be prescribed, to the Appropriate Authority concerned, of the alleged offence and of his intention to make a complaint to the court, (2) No court other than that of a Metropolitan Magistrate or a Judicial Magistrate of the first class shall try any offence punishable under this Act. (2) Where a complaint has been made under clause (6) of sub-section (2), the court may, on demand by such person, direct the Appropriate Authority to make available copies of the relevant records in its possession to such person. CHAPTER VII Miscellaneous 23. Protection of action taken in good faith.—(7) No suit, prosecution or other legal proceeding shall lie against any person for anything which is, in good faith done or intended to be done in pursuance of the provisions of this Act. (2) No suit or other legal proceeding shall lie against the Central Government or the State Government for any damage caused or likely to be caused for anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done in pursuance of the provisions of this Act. 24. Power to make rules.—(7) The Central Government may, by notification, make rules for carrying out the purposes of this Act. (2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:— (a) the manner in which and the conditions subject to which any donor may authorise removal, before his death, of any '[human organ or tissue or both] of his body under sub-section (1A) ot section 3; 2[(aa) the human organ or tissues or both in respect of which duty is cast on registered medical pracitioner the manner of obtaining documentation of authoirsation under clause (?) of sub-section 3; (ab) the manner of informing the Human Organ Retrieval Centre under clause (???) ot sub-section (lA) of section 3; (ac) the date from which duties mentioned in sub-section (l A) are applicable to registered medical practitioner working a unregistered hospital under sub-section (IB) of section 3; (ae) the qualification and experience of a technician under the proviso to sub-section (4) of section 3;] 1 2 1. Subs, by Acl of 16 of2011, s. 4 for “human organ’’ (w.e.f. 10-1-2014). 2. Ins. by $. 20, ibid, (w.e.f 10-1-2014), 14 (/>) the form and the manner in which a brain-stem death is to be certified and the conditions and requirements which are to be satisfied for that purpose under sub-section (6) of section 3; to hp[£ ? t'1e,COn?lti°ns f°r nomination of a surgeon or a physician and an anaesthetist or intensivist section 3 ^ ^ °f medlCal experts under the Proviso to clause (Hi) of sub-section (6) of (c) the form and the manner in which any of the parents may give authority in the case of S S E S E , # * for ,he remova' of any ,[huma" ”fea" - (d) the form in which authority for the removal of any 1 2[human organ or tissue or both! from an unearned dead body may be given by the person incharge of the management or control of the hospital oi prison under sub-section (/) of section 5; (e) the steps to be taken for the preservation of the '[human organ or tissue or both] removed horn the body of any person, under section 7; J \(ea)I the manner of removal of human organs or tissues or both from the body of a minor before nis death loi transplantation under sub-section (IB) of section 9; (cb) the composition of the Authorisation Committees under sub-section (4) of section 9;] (J) the form and the manner in which an application may be jointly made by the donor and the recipient under sub-section (5) of section 9; (g) the manner m which all possible effects, complications and hazards connected with the removal and transplantation is to be explained by the registered medical practitioner to the donor and the recipient under section 12; (h) the standards as are to be enforced by the Appropriate Authority for hospitals engaged in the removal storage or transplantation of any '[human organ or tissue or both] under clause (Hi) of sub-section (3) of section 13; (/) the other measures as the Appropriate Authority shall undertake in performing its functions under clause (vi) of sub-section (3) of section 13; [(ia) the qualifications of medical experts and the terms and conditions for appointment to Advisory committee under sub-sections (2) and (J) of section 13 A; ('*)the P°wer of the Appropriate Authority in any other matter under clause (d) of section 13B: (m) the manner of establishment of a National Human Organs and Tissues Removal and Storage Network and Regional Network and functions to be performed by them under section 13C; (id) the information in the national registry ot the donors and recipients of human organs and tissues and all information under section 13D;] (j) the form and the manner in which an application for registration shall be made and the tee which shall be accompanied, under sub-section (2) of section 14; (k) the specialised services and the facilities to be provided, skilled manpower and the equipments to be possessed and the standards to be maintained by a hospital for registration under sub-section (3) of section 14; ' [(ku) the qualifications and experience of a transplant co-ordinator under sub-section (4) of section 14; (kb) the form and the manner in which an application for registration shall be made and the fee which shall be accompanied, under sub-section (2) of section 14A; 1. Ins. by Ad 16 of2011, s. 20 (w.e.F. 10-1-2014). 2. Subs, by s. 4, ibid, for “human organ” (w.e.f. 10- i -2014). IS (.kc) the specialised service and the facilities to be provided, skilled manpower and the equipment to be possessed and the standards to be maintained by a Tissue Bank, under sub-section (J) of section 14A;] (/) the form in which, the period for which and the conditions subject to which certificate of registration is to be granted to a '[hospital or Tissue Bank], under sub-section (J) of section 15; (m) the manner in which and the fee on payment of which certificate of registration is to be renewed under sub-section (i) of section 15; («) the manner in which an appeal may be preferred under section 17; (o) the manner in which a person is required to give notice to the Appropriate Authority of the alleged offence and of his intention to make a complaint to the court, under clause (b) of sub-section (/) of section 22; and (p) any other matter which is required to be, or may be, prescribed. (J) Every rule made under this Act shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty days which may be comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions, and if, before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule or both Houses agree that the rule should not be made, the rule shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so. however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule. 25. Repeal and savings.—(l) The Ear Drums and Ear Bones (Authority for Use for Therapeutic Purposes) Act, 1982 (28 of 1982) and the Eyes (Authority for Use for Therapeutic Purposes) Act. 1982 (29 of 1982) are hereby repealed. (2) The repeal shall, however, not affect the previous operation of the Acts so repealed or anything duly done or suffered thereunder. 1. Subs, by Act 16 of 2011, s. 20. for “hospital" (w.e.f. 10-1-2014).