Section 2. Interpretation Section In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires— "authorized race meeting" means a race meeting ("a gathering of the public or of the members of an association of persons to watch horse races or other races;") in respect of which a permit authorizing bookmaking to take place thereat has been issued under section 23 ; "betting premises" means premises ("any place, and in sections,,,,andalso includes any vessel;") to which the public has or may have access and which are kept or used (whether on one occasion or more than one) for the purpose of— (a) bets being made therein between persons resorting to the premises ("any place, and in sections,,,,andalso includes any vessel;") and the owner, occupier or keeper thereof, or any person using the premises ("any place, and in sections,,,,andalso includes any vessel;") , or any person procured or employed by or acting for or on behalf of the owner, occupier, keeper or person using the premises ("any place, and in sections,,,,andalso includes any vessel;") , or of any person having the care or management or in any manner conducting the business thereof; or (b) any money ("a cheque, bank note, postal order or money order;") or valuable thing being received by or on behalf of the owner, occupier, keeper or person aforesaid as or for the consideration for any assurance, undertaking, promise or agreement, express or implied, to pay or give, or for securing the paying or giving by some other person of, any money ("a cheque, bank note, postal order or money order;") or valuable thing on any horse race ("a pony race;") , or other race, fight, game, sport, lottery ("a sweepstake, a raffle and any scheme or device for the sale, gift, disposal or distribution of any property depending upon or to be determined by lot or chance, whether by the throwing or casting of dice, or by the withdrawing of tickets, cards, lots, numbers or figures, or by means of a wheel, or otherwise howsoever;") or exercise, or any other event or contingency; "betting transaction" includes the collection or payment of winnings ("winnings of any kind and a reference to the amount or to the payment of winnings shall be construed accordingly") on a bet and any transaction in which one or more of the parties is acting as a bookmaker ; "bookmaker" means a person who, whether on his own account or as servant or agent to another person, carries on, whether occasionally or regularly, the business of receiving or negotiating bets, or who in any manner holds himself out, or permits himself to be held out in any manner, as a person who receives or negotiates bets, so however that a person shall not be deemed to be a bookmaker by reason only of the fact— (a) that he carries on, or is employed in operating, a totalisator ("the instrument, machine or contrivance commonly known as a totalisator, or any other instrument, machine or contrivance of a similar nature, or a scheme for enabling any number of persons to make bets on any event or contingency whatsoever with one another or principles of a similar nature;") in respect of which a licence has been issued under section 18 ; or (b) that he carries on, or is employed in a business that is wholly concerned with, a pool betting scheme ("a scheme involving the receiving or negotiating of bets made by way of pool betting;") in respect of which a licence has been issued under section 22 ; "Collector" means the Commissioner-General appointed under the Kenya Revenue Authority Act ( Cap. 469 ); "coupon" , in relation to a pool betting scheme ("a scheme involving the receiving or negotiating of bets made by way of pool betting;") or proposed pool betting scheme ("a scheme involving the receiving or negotiating of bets made by way of pool betting;") , includes a document connected with, or designed to assist in the making of, a bet by way of pool betting ("the making of bets (other than bets made by means of totalisator ), whether the bets are made on the system known as a fixed odds betting or otherwise, by a number of persons on terms that the winnings of such of those persons as are winners shall be, or be a share of, or be determined by reference to, the stake money paid or agreed to be paid by those persons;") ; "game of chance" includes a game of chance and skill combined and a pretended game of chance or of chance and skill combined, but does not include an athletic game or sport; "gaming" means the playing of a game of chance ("a game of chance and skill combined and a pretended game of chance or of chance and skill combined, but does not include an athletic game or sport;") for winnings ("winnings of any kind and a reference to the amount or to the payment of winnings shall be construed accordingly") in money ("a cheque, bank note, postal order or money order;") or money ("a cheque, bank note, postal order or money order;") ’s worth; "gaming machine" means a machine for playing a game of chance ("a game of chance and skill combined and a pretended game of chance or of chance and skill combined, but does not include an athletic game or sport;") , being a game which requires no action by a player other than the actuation or manipulation of the machine; "gaming premises" means premises ("any place, and in sections,,,,andalso includes any vessel;") which are kept or used (whether on one occasion or more than one) for gaming ("the playing of a game of chance for winnings in money or money ’s worth;") , and to which the public has or may have access for the playing therein of a game of chance ("a game of chance and skill combined and a pretended game of chance or of chance and skill combined, but does not include an athletic game or sport;") , whether the game of chance ("a game of chance and skill combined and a pretended game of chance or of chance and skill combined, but does not include an athletic game or sport;") be an unlawful game ("a game of chance the chances of which are not alike favourable to all the players, including the banker or other person or persons by whom the game is managed or against whom the other players stake, play or bet;") or not; "gaming revenue" means gross turnover less the amount paid out to customers as winnings ("winnings of any kind and a reference to the amount or to the payment of winnings shall be construed accordingly") ; "horse race" includes a pony race; "instruments of gaming" means cards, dice, counters, coins, tickets, gaming ("the playing of a game of chance for winnings in money or money ’s worth;") tables, boards, boxes, or other things devised, or birds and animals used, for the purpose of gaming ("the playing of a game of chance for winnings in money or money ’s worth;") ; "licensed betting premises" means premises ("any place, and in sections,,,,andalso includes any vessel;") duly licensed in terms of this Act as premises ("any place, and in sections,,,,andalso includes any vessel;") wherein bets may be made and settled; "licensed gaming premises" means premises ("any place, and in sections,,,,andalso includes any vessel;") licensed under this Act as premises ("any place, and in sections,,,,andalso includes any vessel;") to which the public may resort for the purpose of gaming ("the playing of a game of chance for winnings in money or money ’s worth;") ; "licensee" means a person issued with a licence under any of sections 16 , 18, 22 and 46; "lottery" includes a sweepstake, a raffle and any scheme or device for the sale, gift, disposal or distribution of any property depending upon or to be determined by lot or chance, whether by the throwing or casting of dice, or by the withdrawing of tickets, cards, lots, numbers or figures, or by means of a wheel, or otherwise howsoever; "money" includes a cheque, bank note, postal order or money order; "newspaper" includes a journal, magazine or other periodical publication; "permit-holder" means the holder of a permit issued under any sections 23 , 36 , 39 , 54 and 58 ; "pool betting" means the making of bets (other than bets made by means of totalisator ("the instrument, machine or contrivance commonly known as a totalisator, or any other instrument, machine or contrivance of a similar nature, or a scheme for enabling any number of persons to make bets on any event or contingency whatsoever with one another or principles of a similar nature;") ), whether the bets are made on the system known as a fixed odds betting or otherwise, by a number of persons on terms that the winnings ("winnings of any kind and a reference to the amount or to the payment of winnings shall be construed accordingly") of such of those persons as are winners shall be, or be a share of, or be determined by reference to, the stake money ("a cheque, bank note, postal order or money order;") paid or agreed to be paid by those persons; "pool betting scheme" means a scheme involving the receiving or negotiating of bets made by way of pool betting ("the making of bets (other than bets made by means of totalisator ), whether the bets are made on the system known as a fixed odds betting or otherwise, by a number of persons on terms that the winnings of such of those persons as are winners shall be, or be a share of, or be determined by reference to, the stake money paid or agreed to be paid by those persons;") ; "premises" includes any place, and in sections 14 , 35 , 45 , 50 , 53 and 58 also includes any vessel; "racecourse" means a place used for the purpose of holding a race meeting ("a gathering of the public or of the members of an association of persons to watch horse races or other races;") ; "race day" means a day on which a race meeting ("a gathering of the public or of the members of an association of persons to watch horse races or other races;") is held; "race meeting" means a gathering of the public or of the members of an association of persons to watch horse races or other races; "tax" means any charges, fees, levies or impositions imposed under this Act; “terrorism financing” has the meaning assigned to it under the Prevention of Terrorism Act (Cap. 59B). "the Board" means the Betting Control and Licensing Board established by section 3 ; "the Principal Secretary" means the Principal Secretary of the Ministry for the time being responsible for Betting, Lotteries and Gaming; "ticket" , in relation to any lottery ("a sweepstake, a raffle and any scheme or device for the sale, gift, disposal or distribution of any property depending upon or to be determined by lot or chance, whether by the throwing or casting of dice, or by the withdrawing of tickets, cards, lots, numbers or figures, or by means of a wheel, or otherwise howsoever;") or proposed lottery ("a sweepstake, a raffle and any scheme or device for the sale, gift, disposal or distribution of any property depending upon or to be determined by lot or chance, whether by the throwing or casting of dice, or by the withdrawing of tickets, cards, lots, numbers or figures, or by means of a wheel, or otherwise howsoever;") , includes any document evidencing the claim of a person to participate in the chances of the lottery ("a sweepstake, a raffle and any scheme or device for the sale, gift, disposal or distribution of any property depending upon or to be determined by lot or chance, whether by the throwing or casting of dice, or by the withdrawing of tickets, cards, lots, numbers or figures, or by means of a wheel, or otherwise howsoever;") ; "to bet" means to wager or stake any money ("a cheque, bank note, postal order or money order;") or valuable thing by or on behalf of any person or, expressly or impliedly to undertake, promise or agree to wager or stake by or on behalf of any person, any money ("a cheque, bank note, postal order or money order;") or valuable thing on a horse race ("a pony race;") , or other race, fight, game, sport, lottery ("a sweepstake, a raffle and any scheme or device for the sale, gift, disposal or distribution of any property depending upon or to be determined by lot or chance, whether by the throwing or casting of dice, or by the withdrawing of tickets, cards, lots, numbers or figures, or by means of a wheel, or otherwise howsoever;") or exercise or any other event or contingency; "totalisator" means the instrument, machine or contrivance commonly known as a totalisator, or any other instrument, machine or contrivance of a similar nature, or a scheme for enabling any number of persons to make bets on any event or contingency whatsoever with one another or principles of a similar nature; "turf club" means a club or association or other body of persons (whether incorporated or unincorporated) established for the purpose of promoting, conducting and controlling the sport of horse racing; "unlawful game" means a game of chance ("a game of chance and skill combined and a pretended game of chance or of chance and skill combined, but does not include an athletic game or sport;") the chances of which are not alike favourable to all the players, including the banker or other person or persons by whom the game is managed or against whom the other players stake, play or bet; "winnings" includes winnings of any kind and a reference to the amount or to the payment of winnings shall be construed accordingly. [Act No. 10 of 1981 , Sch., Act No. 10 of 1987 , s. 40, Act No. 4 of 1999 , s. 44, Act No. 9 of 2000 , s. 66, Act No. 38 of 2016 , s. 79.]