Section 2. Interpretation Section 2(1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires— "actuary" means— (a) a Fellow of the Institute of Actuaries in England or of the Faculty of Actuaries in Scotland or of the Society of Actuaries of the United States of America; or (b) such other person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") having actuarial knowledge as the Commissioner ("the officer appointed under;") may, on the application of a member of the insurance industry ("an insurer,reinsurer,broker,agent, insurance surveyor,risk manager, loss assessor,loss adjuster and claims settling agent, whether registered under this Act or not;") , approve; "admitted asset" deleted by ActNo. 22 of 2017, s. 2(a) ; "admitted liability" deleted by ActNo. 22 of 2017, s. 2(a) ; "Advisory Board" deleted by ActNo. 11 of 2006, s. 2(a) ; "affairs" , in relation to a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") or to a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") associated with another person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") , includes— (a) the promotion, formation, membership, control, trading, dealings, business and property of the person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") ; (b) the ownership of shares in, debentures of and interests made available by the person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") ; (c) matters concerned with the ascertainment of the persons who are or have been financially interested in the success or failure, or apparent success or failure, of the person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") or are or have been able to control or to influence materially the policy of the person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") ; and (d) the circumstances under which a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") acquired or disposed of, or became entitled to acquire or dispose of, shares in, debentures of or interests made available by the person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") ; "agent" means a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") , not being a salaried employee of an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") who, in consideration of a commission, solicits or procures insurance business for an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") or broker ("an intermediary involved with the placing of insurance business with an insurer or reinsurer for or in expectation of payment by way of brokerage commission for or on behalf of an insurer, policyholder or proposer for insurance or reinsurance and includes a medical insurance provider;") ; "appointed date" means the date specified in section 1 for the coming into force of this Act; "assessment report" means any report in respect of a claim; "asset" includes any property, security, item or interest of a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") ; "auditor" has the meaning assigned to it under section 3(1) of the Companies Act ( Cap. 486 ); "Authority" means the Insurance Regulatory Authority established by section 3 ; "bank" has the meaning assigned to it in the Banking Act ( Cap. 488 ); "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Authority ("the Insurance Regulatory Authority established by;") constituted under section 3B ; "bond investment business" deleted by ActNo. 28 of 2019, s. 2(a)(i) ; "broker" means an intermediary ("a person who in the course of any business or profession invites other persons to make offers or proposals or to take other steps with a view to entering into contracts of insurance with an insurer, but does not include a person who merely publishes invitations on behalf of, or to the order of, some other person;") involved with the placing of insurance business with an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") or reinsurer ("a person who carries on reinsurance business and includes a retrocessionaire;") for or in expectation of payment by way of brokerage commission for or on behalf of an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") , policyholder or proposer for insurance or reinsurance and includes a medical insurance provider ("an intermediary, other than a broker, concerned with the placing of medical insurance business with an insurer for, or in expectation of, payment by way of a commission, fee or other remuneration;") ; "Cabinet Secretary" means the Cabinet Secretary for the time being responsible for the National Treasury; "capital adequacy ratio" means a measure of the available capital in relation to the required capital; "certified" means certified by a principal officer ("an officer appointed under;") to be true and correct, a true copy or a correct translation (as the case may be) by endorsement on or attached to the document ("accounts, deeds, letters, writings, books and any other records of information, however compiled, recorded or stored and whether in written or printed form, on microfilm or in any other form;") to be certified; " Chairperson" means the person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") for the time being presiding over the Board ("the Board of Directors of the Authority constituted under;") of Directors or other governing body of the member of the insurance industry ("an insurer,reinsurer,broker,agent, insurance surveyor,risk manager, loss assessor,loss adjuster and claims settling agent, whether registered under this Act or not;") ; "child’s advancement policy" means a policy effected, before a child has attained the age of eighteen years, by a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") other than the child, which contains both of the following provisions— (a) provision for payment of a sum not exceeding the premiums paid and accumulated with interest to the executors, administrators or assigns of the child on his death before attaining the vesting age ; (b) provision for payment of a sum to the child or his assigns on his attaining an age not less than the vesting age ; "claims settling agent" means a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") who engages in the business of settling or negotiating insurance claims under policies issued by insurers whether in Kenya or outside Kenya; "Commissioner" means the officer appointed under section 3E ; "Company" means the Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Limited ; "contract of insurance" includes a contract of reinsurance; "Corporation" repealed by ActNo. 7 of 1997, s. 13 ; "court" means the High Court; "dependent" , in relation to a company, means— (a) that another company, either alone or with any associate, is entitled to exercise or control the exercise of one-third or more of the voting power at any general meeting of the first-mentioned company; or (b) that the first-mentioned company is a dependent of a company which is that other company’s dependent; "director" means a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") occupying the position of a director by whatever name he may be called; "document" includes accounts, deeds, letters, writings, books and any other records of information, however compiled, recorded or stored and whether in written or printed form, on microfilm or in any other form; "financial institution" has the meaning assigned to it in the Banking Act ( Cap. 488 ) and includes a mortgage finance company within the meaning of that Act; "financial year" means the calendar year; "general insurance business" means insurance business of any class or classes not being long term insurance business ; "gross direct premium" means the premium ("the consideration for the granting of an annuity;") after deductions of discounts, refunds and rebates of premium ("the consideration for the granting of an annuity;") written by an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") excluding any reinsurance premium ("the consideration for the granting of an annuity;") accepted and before deduction of— (a) any premium ("the consideration for the granting of an annuity;") payable in respect of mandatory cessions falling under section 145 of this Act; (b) any other reinsurance premium ("the consideration for the granting of an annuity;") ceded; "gross liability" means liability before deducting any part of it which is re-insured; "gross premium" means the premium ("the consideration for the granting of an annuity;") after deduction of discounts, refunds and rebates of premium ("the consideration for the granting of an annuity;") but before deduction therefrom of any premium ("the consideration for the granting of an annuity;") paid or payable by an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") for reinsurance ceded, and includes premiums receivable by the insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") under reinsurance contracts accepted by the insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") ; "group life insurance and group business" means insurance on the lives of groups of persons formed for purposes other than that of purchasing a group life insurance policy ; "index-based insurance" means an insurance contract— (a) under which the liability of the insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") to make a payment to the policyholder is triggered by, and the amount of that payment is determined in accordance with, one or more indices, rather than on an assessment of the policyholder's actual loss; and (b) where the payment is designed to provide a level of compensation, although not necessarily an indemnity, to the policyholder in respect of either or both of the following— (i) losses, including consequential losses, that the policyholder is expected to suffer; or (ii) costs, including mitigation costs, that the policyholder is expected to incur, in the event that payment is triggered by the index; "industrial life assurance business" deleted by ActNo. 28 of 2019, s. 2(a) (ii) ; "insurance business" means the business of undertaking liability by way of insurance (including reinsurance) in respect of any loss of life and personal injury and any loss or damage, including liability to pay damage or compensation, contingent upon the happening of a specified event, and includes— (a) the effecting and carrying out by a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") not carrying on a banking business, of contracts for fidelity bonds, performance bonds, administration bonds, bail bonds or customs bonds or similar contracts of guarantee, being contracts effected by way of business (and not merely incidental to some other business carried out by the person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") effecting them) in return for the payment of one or more premiums; (b) the effecting and carrying out, by a body (not being a body carrying on a banking business) that carries on business which is insurance business apart from this paragraph, of capital redemption contracts; (c) the effecting and carrying out of contracts to pay annuities on human life; (d) takaful insurance business based on group participation guaranteeing each of the members against defined loss or damage; (e) micro-insurance business ; (f) social insurance schemes; and any business incidental to insurance business as so defined but does not include— (i) business in relation to the benefits provided by a friendly society or trade union for its members or their dependants; (ii) business in relation to the benefits provided for its members or their dependants by an association of employees; (iii) deleted by ActNo. 9 of 2003, s. 2 ; (iv) business in relation to a scheme or arrangement for the provision of benefits consisting of— (A) the supply of funeral, burial or cremation services, with or without the supply of goods connected with any such service; or (B) deleted by ActNo. 9 of 2003, s. 2 , and no other benefits, except benefits incidental to the scheme or arrangement; (v) business consisting of the effecting and carrying out, by a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") carrying on no other insurance business , of contracts of such description as may be prescribed, being contracts under which the benefits provided are exclusively or primarily benefits in kind; (vi) business declared by the Cabinet Secretary ("the Cabinet Secretary for the time being responsible for the National Treasury;") by notice in the Gazette not to be insurance business for the purposes of this Act; "insurance group" includes a registered insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") and its a subsidiary ("a subsidiary company as defined by section 4 of the Companies Act ();") , or an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") 's holding company, whether operating or non-operating, and its subsidiary ("a subsidiary company as defined by section 4 of the Companies Act ();") ; "insurance surveyors" means a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") who engages in surveying risks and in advising on the rate and terms and conditions of premiums including making suggestions for improvement of the risks; and, in the marine insurance business , includes a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") who surveys or assesses the losses on behalf of the insured; "Insurance Training and Education Trust" means the Insurance Training and Education Trust declared as such by instruments of the trustees dated 3rd May, 1988; "Insurance Training Levy" means the insurance training levy payable under section 197H ; "Insurance Premium Levy" means the insurance premium ("the consideration for the granting of an annuity;") levy payable under section 197A ; "insurer" means a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") , registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer ("a person who carries on reinsurance business and includes a retrocessionaire;") ; "intermediary" means a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") who in the course of any business or profession invites other persons to make offers or proposals or to take other steps with a view to entering into contracts of insurance with an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") , but does not include a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") who merely publishes invitations on behalf of, or to the order of, some other person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") ; "investigator" means the Commissioner ("the officer appointed under;") or an investigator appointed under section 9 ; "Kenya business" and "Kenya reinsurance business ("the business of undertaking liability to pay money to insurer or reinsurers in respect of contractual liabilities in respect of insurance business incurred by insurers or reinsurer and includes a retrocession;") " means insurance business carried on by an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") in respect of any person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") , human life, property or interest situated in Kenya, or in respect of which premiums are ordinarily payable in Kenya and include insurance business in respect of any vessel, hovercraft or aircraft registered or ordinarily located in Kenya and includes marine cargo insurance policies on all imports entering Kenya, including marine cargo insurance policies for commercial imports, but excludes marine cargo insurance policies issued on personal effects, goods and items imported into Kenya by returning residents or passengers entering Kenya for permanent or temporary residence; "Kenya Government securities" means securities charged on the revenue of the Government or guaranteed fully as regards principal and interest by the Government; "Kenya Reinsurance Corporation" repealed by ActNo. 7 of 1997, s. 13 ; "Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Limited" has the meaning assigned to it in section 2 of the Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Act ( Cap. 487A ); “licensing” means authorization under this Act to transact insurance business and includes renewal of licenses; "life assurance" and "life assurance business" mean the business of, or in relation to, the issuing of, or the undertaking of liability to pay money on death (not being death by accident or specified sickness only) or on the happening of any contingency dependent on the termination or continuance of human life (either with or without provision for a benefit under a continuous disability insurance contract), and include a contract which is subject to the payment of premiums for a term dependent on the termination or continuance of human life and any contract securing the grant of an annuity for a term dependent upon human life; "long term insurance business" includes insurance business of all or any of the following classes— (a) life assurance ; (b) annuities; (c) pensions (personal pension or deposit administration); (d) group life; (e) group credit; (f) permanent health; (g) investment (unit link and linked investments or non-linked investments), and includes, in relation to any insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") , business carried on by the insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") as incidental to any such class of insurance business ; "loss adjuster" and "loss assessor" mean persons who do the business of assessing, investigating, negotiating and settling losses on behalf of the insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") or the insured; "management expenses" means expenses incurred in the administration of an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") which are not commission payable and, in the case of general insurance business ("insurance business of any class or classes not being long term insurance business;") , are not included in claims paid, claims outstanding, expenses for settling claims and expenses for settling claims outstanding; "managing agent" means a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") , firm or company entitled to the management of the whole affairs of an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") , by virtue of an agreement with the insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") , and under the control and direction of the directors except to the extent, if any, otherwise provided for in the agreement, and includes a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") , firm or company occupying that position, by whatever name called; "medical insurance provider" means an intermediary ("a person who in the course of any business or profession invites other persons to make offers or proposals or to take other steps with a view to entering into contracts of insurance with an insurer, but does not include a person who merely publishes invitations on behalf of, or to the order of, some other person;") , other than a broker ("an intermediary involved with the placing of insurance business with an insurer or reinsurer for or in expectation of payment by way of brokerage commission for or on behalf of an insurer, policyholder or proposer for insurance or reinsurance and includes a medical insurance provider;") , concerned with the placing of medical insurance business with an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") for, or in expectation of, payment by way of a commission, fee or other remuneration; "micro-insurance business" means insurance that is accessed by or accessible to the low income population, including the underserved markets provided by a variety of different entities and managed in accordance with generally accepted insurance principles; "member of the insurance industry" includes an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") , reinsurer ("a person who carries on reinsurance business and includes a retrocessionaire;") , broker ("an intermediary involved with the placing of insurance business with an insurer or reinsurer for or in expectation of payment by way of brokerage commission for or on behalf of an insurer, policyholder or proposer for insurance or reinsurance and includes a medical insurance provider;") , agent ("a person, not being a salaried employee of an insurer who, in consideration of a commission, solicits or procures insurance business for an insurer or broker;") , insurance surveyor, risk manager ("a person, his clients or employer with regard to a programme of minimizing losses arising through unforeseen events, and of minimizing the cost of such protection by physical or financial measures through insurance or any other means;") , loss assessor, loss adjuster and claims settling agent ("a person who engages in the business of settling or negotiating insurance claims under policies issued by insurers whether in Kenya or outside Kenya;") , whether registered under this Act or not; "net liability" means the liability assessed by an actuary at a valuation made by him and approved by the Commissioner ("the officer appointed under;") ; "net premium" means the balance of the gross premium ("the premium after deduction of discounts, refunds and rebates of premium but before deduction therefrom of any premium paid or payable by an insurer for reinsurance ceded, and includes premiums receivable by the insurer under reinsurance contracts accepted by the insurer;") after deduction therefrom of any premium ("the consideration for the granting of an annuity;") paid or payable by the insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") for reinsurance ceded; "non-operating holding company" means a company, other than the insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") , which has control of an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") and whose activities are limited to— (a) holding investments in its subsidiary ("a subsidiary company as defined by section 4 of the Companies Act ();") ; (b) holding property used by group members; (c) raising funds to— (i) invest in, or to provide support to its subsidiary ("a subsidiary company as defined by section 4 of the Companies Act ();") ; (ii) conduct its own activities; (iii) provide administrative functions to; (iv) support risk management; and (v) provide financial services for efficient operation of the group. "ordinary life assurance business" means life assurance business, being business of, or in relation to, the issuing of, or the undertaking of liability under, ordinary life policies; "ordinary life policy" means a policy of life assurance other than a policy of industrial life assurance ; "person" includes a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme; "policy" — (a) in relation to ordinary life assurance business ("life assurance business, being business of, or in relation to, the issuing of, or the undertaking of liability under, ordinary life policies;") or industrial life assurance business , includes an instrument evidencing a contract to pay an annuity upon human life; (b) in relation to bond investment business , includes a bond, certificate, receipt or other instrument evidencing the contract with insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") ; and (c) in relation to other classes of business, includes an instrument under which there is for the time being an existing liability already accrued or under which any liability may accrue; "policy-holder" means the person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") who for the time being is the legal holder of the policy for securing the contract with the insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") ; "premium" includes the consideration for the granting of an annuity; "principal officer" means an officer appointed under section 68 ; "registration" deleted by ActNo. 10 of 2023, Sch. "regulations" and "rules" mean regulations and rules made under this Act; "reinsurer" means a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") who carries on reinsurance business ("the business of undertaking liability to pay money to insurer or reinsurers in respect of contractual liabilities in respect of insurance business incurred by insurers or reinsurer and includes a retrocession;") and includes a retrocessionaire ("a person reinsuring a reinsurer;") ; "reinsurance business" means the business of undertaking liability to pay money to insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") or reinsurers in respect of contractual liabilities in respect of insurance business incurred by insurers or reinsurer ("a person who carries on reinsurance business and includes a retrocessionaire;") and includes a retrocession ("the reinsurance of reinsurance business accepted by a reinsurer;") ; "related" , in relation to an insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") , means— (a) a dependant of that insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") ; (b) a company of which the insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") is a dependant; or (c) a dependant of a company of which the insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") is a dependant; "retrocession" means the reinsurance of reinsurance business ("the business of undertaking liability to pay money to insurer or reinsurers in respect of contractual liabilities in respect of insurance business incurred by insurers or reinsurer and includes a retrocession;") accepted by a reinsurer ("a person who carries on reinsurance business and includes a retrocessionaire;") ; "retrocessionaire" means a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") reinsuring a reinsurer ("a person who carries on reinsurance business and includes a retrocessionaire;") ; "risk manager" means a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") , his clients or employer with regard to a programme of minimizing losses arising through unforeseen events, and of minimizing the cost of such protection by physical or financial measures through insurance or any other means; "significant owner" means a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") who directly or indirectly holds more than ten percent of the controlling or beneficial interest in a person ("a company, corporate body (whether incorporated by or under statute or statutory authority), association, association of underwriters, fund, natural person, partnership and scheme;") licenced under this Act; "statutory fund" means the fund established under section 45 ; "subsidiary" means a subsidiary company as defined by section 4 of the Companies Act ( Cap. 486 ); "tax" deleted by ActNo. 11 of 2006, s. 2(b) ; "Tribunal" means the tribunal established under section 169 ; "vesting age" means— (a) the age of eighteen years; or (b) an age of not less than ten years on or after the attainment of which by the child it is specified in the policy that sums payable in respect of the policy by the insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") who issued it shall be paid to the child or his executors, administrators or assigns. Section 2(2) An insurer ("a person, registered under this Act, who carries on insurance business and includes a reinsurer;") shall be deemed to be carrying on business of a particular class so long as any liability in respect of that class of business remains unsatisfied and is not otherwise provided for, and shall be subject to all the provisions of this Act, save as is specifically provided in any other section thereof, in relation to that class of business. [Act No. 18 of 1986 , Sch., Act No. 12 of 1987 , s. 2, Act No. 9 of 1989 , Second Sch., Act No. 20 of 1989 , Sch., Act No. 7 of 1997 , s. 13, Act No. 4 of 1999 , s. 72, Act No. 9 of 2003 , s. 2, Act No. 11 of 2006 , s. 2, Act No. 57 of 2012 , s. 31, Act No. 1 of 2014 , s. 2, Act No. 14 of 2015 , Act No. 19 of 2015 , s. 31, Act No. 50 of 2016 , s. 2, Act No. 11 of 2017 , Sch., Act No. 22 of 2017 , s. 2, Act No. 11 of 2019 , s. 2, Act No. 28 of 2019 , s. 2 (a)(b), Act No. 8 of 2021 , s. 55, Act No. 10 of 2023 , Sch.]
