行政訴訟法

This provision states that administrative litigation is intended to protect people’s rights, ensure lawful exercise of administrative power, and enhance judicial functions.

Disputes about election recall matters may be brought as administrative litigation under this Act, unless another law provides otherwise.

當事人原則上要先預納裁判費；未繳時，審判長可命其限期繳納，逾期則行政法院可駁回相關聲請。

無資力負擔訴訟費用的當事人，可以聲請訴訟救助；行政法院應裁定准許，但如果明顯沒有勝訴希望，就不在此限。

申請訴訟救助，應向受訴行政法院提出；申請人還要釋明自己沒有資力負擔訴訟費用。

If a person is granted litigation aid, they are temporarily exempt from paying litigation fees.

This section applies the listed Civil Procedure Act provisions to this section by reference.

This provision assigns certain disputes to the local administrative court as first-instance court when the amounts are at or below NT$1.5 million, and lets the Judicial Yuan raise that amount by order to NT$10 million if needed.

提起行政訴訟時，起訴狀要向行政法院提出，並載明當事人、起訴聲明、訴訟標的及原因事實。

This provision sets deadlines for bringing certain lawsuits and bars filing after three years in specified cases.

This provision requires the administrative court to dismiss a plaintiff’s case in listed situations, but if the defect can be corrected, the presiding judge must first set a correction period.

行政法院原則上要把訴狀送達被告；也可以命被告用答辯狀表示意見。

審判長在適合進行言詞辯論時，應儘速訂定言詞辯論期日；原則上，該期日距訴狀送達至少要有10日的就審期間，但有急迫情形時不在此限。

前二條的訴訟，依其性質，適用關於撤銷、確認或給付訴訟的規定。

When the subject matter of a pending case is transferred to a third person, the case is not affected. With both parties’ consent, the third person may take over the litigation. If only the other side disagrees, the transferor or the third person may ask the administrative court to allow the takeover. The administrative court must promptly notify the third person in writing if it learns of the transfer. After an administrative appeal decision, the transferee may bring an action to revoke the administrative disposition if the legal relationship underlying the subject matter has been transferred.

訴狀送達後，原告原則上不得變更原訴或追加其他訴，但經被告同意或行政法院認為適當時例外；若屬法定情形，法院應准許。

被告原則上可在言詞辯論終結前，於本訴繫屬的行政法院提起反訴，但撤銷訴訟、課予義務訴訟及不相關或另屬他院管轄的請求，不得提起；原告也不能再對反訴提起反訴。

原告在判決確定前可以撤回全部或一部分訴訟，但若會妨礙公益則例外；被告已進行本案言詞辯論時，撤回還要取得被告同意。

If the administrative court finds a withdrawal of the prior lawsuit would harm the public interest, it must reject the withdrawal by ruling.

This provision requires a court to continue or transfer a case when changes to the claim move all or part of it into another procedure or court’s jurisdiction.

This section applies specified Civil Procedure Act provisions to this section.

原處分或決定通常不會因提起行政訴訟而停止執行；行政法院在符合特定條件時可以裁定停止執行。

前條規定適用於確認行政處分無效的訴訟。

在停止執行的原因消失，或其他情事變更時，行政法院可以依職權或依聲請撤銷停止執行的裁定。

An appeal may be filed against a ruling on suspension of execution or on revoking a suspension of execution.

If a civil or criminal case depends on whether an administrative disposition is invalid or unlawful, the issue must be decided through administrative litigation procedures. If that administrative procedure has already started, the civil or criminal court must pause its trial until that procedure is finally resolved.

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Deleted provision.

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Deleted provision.

原告如有準備言詞辯論的必要，應提出準備書狀；被告則應在就審期間過半之前提出答辯狀。

行政法院在認為有必要時，可以在言詞辯論前或辯論時採取若干程序處置，包括命當事人到場、要求提出文書或物件、進行勘驗鑑定、通知證人或鑑定人，以及調查證據。

當事人必須就訴訟關係作事實與法律陳述，且不得以文件取代口頭陳述；必要時可朗讀文件的必要部分。

行政法院在訴訟關係人不懂中文、法官不懂其方言，或訴訟關係人有聽覺、聲音或語言障礙時，應使用通譯；在後一種情形，也可以改用文字發問或文字陳述。

行政法院原則上在言詞辯論期日調查證據；當事人應依規定聲明所用的證據。

審判長負責開始、指揮並終結言詞辯論，並宣示行政法院裁判；對不服從指揮者，得禁止其發言。

行政法院要依職權調查事實，當事人要配合；審判長要確保當事人能充分辯論，並可要求其陳述、聲明證據或補充不明確內容。

審判長可先徵詢當事人意見，再限期命當事人陳述事實、指出證據方法，或提出依法有提出義務的文書、物件。

行政法院必要時可以命司法事務官向當事人說明事實與法律事項；法院若要把該專業知識作為裁判基礎，必須先給當事人辯論機會。

行政法院要作囑託，通常由審判長來辦；如果本法另有規定，則依另定規定。凡依本法使受命法官為行為的，也由審判長指定。

If multiple separately filed cases arise from the same or similar factual or legal cause, the administrative court may order combined oral argument and may then decide them together.

行政法院書記官應製作言詞辯論筆錄，並記載規定事項。

言詞辯論筆錄應記載辯論要領，並把列出的事項記載清楚。

This provision assigns administrative-court jurisdiction for lawsuits involving public juristic persons, their agencies as defendants, private juristic persons and similar groups, and foreign juristic persons and similar groups.

行政法院書記官可以在關係人對筆錄有異議時更正或補充筆錄；以機器記錄言詞辯論的實施辦法由司法院訂定。

行政法院在適當時，得用可即時傳送聲音與影像的設備進行審理；相關通知、筆錄與需簽名文書也要依本條方式處理。

受命法官在進行準備程序時，相關的法院或審判長權限規定準用之。

This section applies the listed Civil Procedure Act provisions mutatis mutandis.

行政法院應依職權調查證據。

行政法院即使遇到對造已自認的事實，仍應調查其他必要證據。

If a party intentionally destroys, hides, or makes evidence hard to use in order to obstruct the other side, the administrative court may treat the other side’s related claims or facts as true. Before judgment, the court must give the parties a chance to argue.

Except where this Act says otherwise, Article 277 of the Code of Civil Procedure applies to this section.

If the administrative court does not know a custom or foreign current law, the parties must prove it. The administrative court may also investigate it on its own initiative.

行政法院可以委託普通法院或其他機關、學校、團體調查證據。

行政法院在認為適當時，可以指定一名庭員為受命法官，或囑託其他行政法院指定法官調查證據。

This provision sets where an administrative lawsuit is heard, mainly by the administrative court at the defendant’s domicile or residence, with fallback rules if that court cannot act.

在特定證據調查情形下，行政法院書記官應製作調查證據筆錄；受託法官作成的調查證據筆錄，應送交受訴行政法院。

證據調查結果原則上要讓當事人知悉並在言詞辯論時陳述；如在受訴行政法院外調查證據，審判長可改命書記官朗讀證據筆錄。

Unless another law provides otherwise, anyone must serve as a witness in another person’s administrative litigation.

證人依法通知後無正當理由不到場，行政法院可以處罰鍰；再次通知仍不到場時，還可以再罰並拘提。

行政法院在證人不能到場或有其他必要情形時，可以到證人所在處所訊問；證人以書狀陳述時，通常仍要具結並附結文，必要時法院也可再通知其到場說明。

Questioning certain public officials or former officials about confidential official matters requires consent from the supervising authority or legislative body, and that consent cannot be refused unless state secrets would be harmed.

A witness may refuse to testify if the testimony could expose the witness or certain related persons to criminal prosecution or disgrace.

Witnesses may refuse to testify in the listed cases, unless their duty of confidentiality has already been removed.

審判長在訊問前，或在知道有人得拒絕證言時，應先告知該人。

證人若無正當理由說明就拒絕作證，或在拒絕作證的裁定確定後仍拒絕作證，行政法院得裁定處新臺幣三萬元以下罰鍰。

審判長原則上要在訊問前命證人個別具結，並在具結前告知具結義務與偽證處罰；有疑義時，可在訊問後再行具結。

Lawsuits about real estate expropriation, requisition, or allocation fall under the administrative court at the property's location. Other lawsuits about public-law rights or legal relationships involving real estate may also be heard by that court.

Civil-servant employment-related lawsuits may be heard by the administrative court at the civil servant’s place of duty.

公法上保險事件訴訟，可由原告是被保險人或受益人的情況下，向其住居所地或從事職業活動所在地的行政法院提起；原告是投保單位時，則可由其主事務所或主營業所所在地的行政法院管轄。

涉及原住民或原住民族部落公法上權利或法律關係的訴訟，原則上可由原告的原住民住居所地或核定部落所在地的行政法院管轄。

未滿十六歲，或因精神或其他心智障礙而不理解具結意義及效果的人作證時，不得令其具結。

Certain witnesses may be excused from taking the oath declaration.

證人如果就與自己或第一百四十五條所列之人有直接利害關係的事項受訊問，可以拒絕具結。

第148條的規定，適用於證人拒絕具結的情況。

當事人可以聲請審判長對證人發問，也可以先向審判長陳明後自行發問；審判長對不當發問得限制或禁止，對此有異議時行政法院應裁定。

行政法院應發給證人法定日費及旅費；證人訊問完畢後也可以請求。

This provision says that appraisal testimony is governed by the Act’s rules on witness testimony, unless another rule provides otherwise.

符合條件的鑑定人，原則上有義務在行政訴訟中擔任鑑定人，並在選任前或發現後立即揭露指定資訊。

鑑定人不得拘提。

If an appraiser refuses to appraise, the administrative court may exempt the appraisal duty if it considers the reason proper.

在特定無法確定或難以公平審判的情況下，直接上級行政法院應依當事人聲請或受訴行政法院請求指定管轄。

鑑定人可以請求合理報酬，並可就必要費用請求預先酌給；對前兩項請求的裁定可以抗告。

When the administrative court commissions an agency, school, or group to give expert opinion or review, the referenced rules apply, and the explanation of the expert report is made by the person designated by that agency, school, or group.

行政法院在認為必要時，可以向從事相關學術研究的人徵詢訴訟中的專業法律意見，書面或到庭陳述都可以。裁判前要先告知當事人，讓他們辯論。

當事人必須提出特定文書。

行政法院可以調取公務員或機關掌管的文書；如果機關是當事人，還有提出文書的義務。除非會妨害國家高度機密，否則不得拒絕。

If a party without justified reason fails to comply with an order to produce a document, the administrative court may treat the other side’s claim or the fact to be proved by that document as true. Before judgment, the party must be given an opportunity to argue.

使用第三人持有的文書作為聲明書證時，應向行政法院聲請命第三人提出文書，或指定舉證人提出的期間。

行政法院在認為事實重要且聲請正當時，應以裁定命第三人提出文書，或訂出由舉證人提出文書的期間。

This provision says that rules on a third person’s duty to produce documents are applied mutatis mutandis.

第三人無正當理由不遵從提出文書命令時，行政法院得裁定新臺幣三萬元以下罰鍰；必要時，還可以採取強制處分。

Administrative court jurisdiction is determined by the time the lawsuit is filed.

第三人可以請求負擔提出文書的費用；前項情形並準用第一百五十五條的規定。

行政法院可以命當事人或第三人提出文書，供核對筆跡或印跡之用。

If there is no suitable handwriting for comparison, the administrative court may order the person who created the document to write specified text for comparison.

Rules about documents also apply to non-document objects that have the same effect. If a document or such object can only be presented with technology, or producing the original is factually difficult, a written version showing the content may be submitted instead, together with proof that it matches the original.

Articles 164 to 170 apply mutatis mutandis to inspections.

保全證據的聲請，起訴後向受訴行政法院提出；起訴前向受訊問人住居地或證物所在地的地方行政法院提出。緊急時，起訴後也可以向前項地方行政法院聲請。

行政法院在保全證據時，可以命司法事務官協助調查證據。

This section says the listed Civil Procedure Act provisions apply here as well.

行政法院在特定情況下應裁定停止行政訴訟程序；在其他涉及民事、刑事或其他行政爭訟的情況下，也可以在相關爭訟終結前停止程序。

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行政法院在特定案件中聲請憲法法庭宣告所適用法規違憲時，應裁定停止訴訟程序。

當具有一定資格、以自己名義代他人進行訴訟的人喪失資格或死亡時，訴訟程序在同一資格的人承受前會停止。

本節準用民事訴訟法列舉的多項條文。

在有訴訟代理人時，第一百七十九條的規定不適用；行政法院也可以斟酌情形裁定停止訴訟程序。

訴訟程序當然停止後，依法可以承受訴訟的人應立即聲明承受；對造當事人也可以聲明承受訴訟。

在訴訟程序當然停止或裁定停止期間，行政法院和當事人都不得進行本案的訴訟行為；但若在言詞辯論終結後才當然停止，仍可宣示基於該辯論的裁判。

當事人可以合意停止訴訟程序，但若影響公益維護，則不適用。

除了前條第3項裁定外，合意停止訴訟程序的當事人，若在聲明合意停止後4個月內不續行訴訟，視為撤回起訴；續行後再合意停止，僅能一次。

If both sides miss a hearing date without good reason, the case is treated as stayed unless public-interest protection requires otherwise.

This section applies specified Civil Procedure Act provisions to this section.

This provision says court rulings are to be made by order, except cases that this Act requires to be decided by judgment.

This provision says administrative litigation is generally decided through oral argument unless otherwise provided, a judge who did not take part in the argument basis may not join the decision, rulings may be made without oral argument, and before such a ruling interested persons may be asked to make statements in writing or orally.

行政法院裁判時，應綜合辯論與證據，依經驗與論理判斷事實；在損害已證明但金額難證明時，法院可依全案情況酌定金額，並在判決中寫明形成心證的理由。

法官在有特定關聯情形時，應自行迴避，並且不得執行職務。

If an administrative lawsuit has reached the stage where it can be decided, the administrative court must issue a final judgment.

行政法院可在案件的一部分或多項請求中，對已達可裁判程度者先作一部終局判決；合併辯論的數宗訴訟中，符合相同條件者也準用。

The administrative court may issue an interlocutory judgment when separate claims or defenses are ready for judgment.

在行政訴訟進行中，如果程序爭執已達可裁判程度，行政法院得先行裁定。

在涉及公益維護的行政訴訟中，如果雙方當事人在言詞辯論期日都無正當理由不到場，行政法院可以依職權調查事實，且不經言詞辯論直接判決。

當事人在辯論期日到場但不辯論，法律上視同未到場；同一規定也適用於第四十九條之一第一項事件中，當事人的訴訟代理人未到場的情形。

行政法院對有理由的起訴原則上應作勝訴判決，對無理由的起訴應以判決駁回；撤銷訴訟如變更原處分或決定，不得作出對原告更不利的判決。

In certain administrative litigation cases, the administrative court may order the agency to take measures to restore the original status, or may confirm the administrative disposition as unlawful.

在撤銷訴訟中，如果爭議的行政處分涉及金錢或其他代替物的給付或確認，行政法院可以用確定不同金額的給付或不同的確認來替代。

行政法院在撤銷訴訟中，若認為撤銷或變更原處分/決定會嚴重損害公益，得駁回原告之訴；但仍應在判決主文中宣示原處分或決定違法。

When the administrative court issues the judgment under the previous article, it must, based on the plaintiff’s request, order the defendant agency to compensate the damage caused by an unlawful disposition or decision. If the plaintiff did not make that request, the plaintiff may sue for compensation within one year after the previous judgment becomes final.

People involved in public law disputes may bring an administrative lawsuit under this Act, unless another law provides otherwise.

民事訴訟法第33條至第38條的規定，適用於本節。

行政法院在這類案件中必須依不同情況作成裁判：不合法的訴訟裁定駁回；無理由的訴訟判決駁回；有理由且事證明確的，命行政機關作成原告申請的行政處分；有理由但事證未明確或涉及裁量的，命行政機關依判決法律見解作成決定。

行政法院在行政機關依裁量權作成的行政處分，若其作為或不作為逾越權限或濫用權力時，得予撤銷。

If a party waives or admits the claim during oral proceedings, and the party has disposal power and the matter does not involve the public interest, the administrative court may enter judgment against that party based on the waiver or admission.

在公法上契約成立後，若情事變更且原效果顯失公平，行政法院可依當事人聲請，判決增減給付或變更、消滅原有效果。

判決要公告；經言詞辯論的判決原則上要宣示，但當事人明示或未在宣示期日到場者例外。

宣示或公告後，當事人可以不等送達，就依該判決進行訴訟行為。

行政法院在判決宣示後受該判決拘束；未宣示的，於公告主文後亦同。

After oral argument concludes, the ruling must be announced; if a party is expressly absent on the announcement date or does not appear that day, notice by public announcement is used instead. A ruling terminating the litigation must also be publicly announced.

裁定宣示後，或未宣示而經公告或送達後，對該裁定的行政法院、審判長、受命法官或受託法官具有拘束力；但指揮訴訟或另有規定者除外。

A judgment must record specified items in the judgment document, including the parties, representatives or agents, oral-argument completion date if there was oral argument, the main text, facts, reasons, date, and administrative court.

前二條規定也適用於行政法院的司法事務官、書記官及通譯。

A judgment copy must be served on the parties, and an electronic copy requires the recipient’s consent except for persons in detention facilities, for whom electronic service is not allowed.

A judgment that is not appealable is not affected by an incorrect notice.

A judgment becomes final when the appeal period expires, unless a lawful appeal is filed within that period. If the judgment cannot be appealed, it becomes final when declared, or when the main text is announced if it is not declared.

A matter decided in a final judgment has binding effect.

確定判決原則上對當事人以外的特定人也有拘束力。

A judgment that revokes or changes the original disposition or decision is effective against third parties too.

撤銷或變更原處分或決定的判決，對相關機關有拘束力；機關若須重新作成處分或決定，應依判決意旨辦理。

This provision says certain Civil Procedure Act rules apply to rulings mutatis mutandis.

This section applies the listed Civil Procedure Act provisions to this section.

行政法院可以在符合條件時進行和解，受命法官或受託法官也可以主持和解；第三人經許可可以參加和解。

自然人、法人、中央及地方機關、非法人之團體都有當事人能力。

為試行和解時，可以要求當事人、法定代理人、代表人或管理人本人到場。

If a trial settlement is reached, a settlement record must be made, and the original record must be served on the parties and any third party who joined the settlement within 10 days.

If a settlement is reached, its effect follows the rules in Articles 213, 214, and 216.

If a settlement has grounds that make it invalid or revocable, the parties may ask to continue the trial.

請求繼續審判原則上要在和解成立後的三十日內提出；若無效或得撤銷的原因較晚知悉，期間自知悉時起算。

行政法院對不合法的繼續審判請求，應以裁定駁回；對顯無理由者，得不經言詞辯論以判決駁回。

If a settlement is changed because a party requests continuation of the trial, the provisions of Article 282 apply mutatis mutandis.

If a settlement between a party and a third person has grounds making it invalid or revocable, the party may sue the original administrative court to declare the settlement invalid or to revoke it.

第二百二十四條至第二百二十六條的規定，適用於前條第一項的情形。

This section applies the rules in Civil Procedure Act Articles 377-1, 377-2, and Article 380(3) as applicable.

行政法院在符合條件時，可以在訴訟進行中把案件移付調解，並可在必要時讓第三人參與調解或通知第三人參加。

法院或法官先選任一至三名調解委員先行調解；在合適或必要時，法官可到場或直接主持調解；當事人對調解委員人選有異議時，法官可另行選任。

行政法院要先列冊適合擔任調解委員的人選；司法院負責訂定其資格、任期、聘任、解任、揭露事項及費用標準。

本節適用第85條、第87條第2項、第3項、第130條之1、第220條、第221條第2項、第3項，以及第222條至第228條之1的規定。

本節準用民事訴訟法所列條文的規定。

Certain administrative litigation cases use the simplified procedure, and the local administrative court is the first-instance court.

This provision defines “litigants” as plaintiffs, defendants, and persons who join litigation under Articles 41 and 42.

If a claim is changed or partly withdrawn, the local administrative court must apply the ordinary administrative procedure or traffic adjudication procedure as appropriate, and must transfer the case to the competent high administrative court when part or all of the claim falls within that court’s jurisdiction.

A person who files a lawsuit orally must serve the transcript on the other party.

簡易訴訟程序原則上由獨任法官進行；若當事人一方的住所、辦公處所或主事務所等離法院太遠，行政法院應先徵詢意見，並可用遠距審理、巡迴法庭或其他便利方式處理。

In simplified litigation cases, once oral argument ends, the court must set the judgment date within two weeks, unless the case is complicated or there are special circumstances.

This provision allows the court to record only the gist of a judgment’s facts and reasons, and lets a local administrative court record the judgment’s main text and gist in the hearing or pronouncement record instead of issuing a separate written judgment.

This provision is marked as deleted.

（刪除）

Simplified litigation procedure still follows the ordinary litigation procedure rules, except where this chapter provides otherwise.

This provision is deleted.

This provision is deleted.

本章適用民事訴訟法第430條、第431條及第433條的規定。

This provision defines which cases count as “traffic adjudication events” and says certain other articles apply by analogy in those cases.

This provision defines which cases count as “detention petition events.”

收容聲請事件由地方行政法院作第一審管轄；前項事件由受收容人所在地的地方行政法院管轄，並不適用第十三條。

行政法院審理特定收容聲請時，應訊問受收容人，且移民署應到場陳述。

在行政法院裁定續予或延長收容後，受收容人及可提起收容異議的人，若認為收容原因已消滅、已無收容必要或有不應收容的情形，可以聲請法院停止收容。

行政法院如果認為聲請無理由，就應駁回；如果認為有理由，就應裁定釋放受收容人，或裁定續予收容、延長收容。

行政法院作成續予收容或延長收容裁定，原則上要在收容期間屆滿前當庭宣示，或以正本送達受收容人。

收容聲請事件的相關當事人若不服地方行政法院裁定，應在送達後5日內向管轄的高等行政法院提起抗告；對抗告法院裁定不得再抗告。

行政法院處理收容聲請事件時，原則上不適用第一編第四章第五節關於訴訟費用的規定，但依第九十八條之六第一項第一款徵收者除外；並且，除本章另有規定外，適用簡易訴訟程序。

人民、地方自治團體或其他公法人在認為都市計畫違法且會損害其權利或法律上利益時，可以依本章規定向管轄的高等行政法院提起訴訟，請求宣告都市計畫無效；但不得與不屬於本章程序的其他訴訟合併提起。

前條訴訟由都市計畫區所在地的高等行政法院專屬管轄。

交通裁決事件可由符合指定地點條件的地方行政法院管轄。

本章訴訟原則上應在都市計畫發布後一年內提起；如果違法原因是在發布後才發生，則從原因發生時起算。

高等行政法院收到起訴狀後，應把起訴狀繕本送達被告；被告收到後，須在二個月內重新檢討該都市計畫是否合法，並依情形補正、陳報、說明理由，以及向管轄的高等行政法院提出答辯狀和相關卷證文件。

高等行政法院審理都市計畫審查程序事件時，不適用前編第三章第四節關於訴訟參加的規定。

If an urban plan is declared invalid, ineffective, or unlawful and a third party’s rights or legal interests would be directly harmed, the high administrative court may order that third party to join the case, or allow participation on the third party’s request.

High administrative courts may order an interested third party to join a case if help to one party is necessary, and the interested third party may also apply to join.

高等行政法院審理都市計畫審查程序事件時，應通知都市計畫的擬定機關和發布機關在期日到場陳述意見；也可以通知受都市計畫影響的行政機關到場陳述意見。

在特定條件下，高等行政法院可以裁定停止都市計畫審查程序案件的訴訟程序。