票據法

This provision defines “票據” as including 匯票, 本票, and 支票.

A person who signs a negotiable instrument in an agent’s name without authority, and an agent who acts beyond authority, must bear the responsibility for the instrument.

票據清償時，執票人要交出票據；如有拒絕證書，也要一併交出。若另有利息或費用，執票人還要出具收據和償還計算書。背書人清償時，可以塗銷自己及其後手的背書。

匯票金額部分獲承兌時，清償未獲承兌部分的人可以要求執票人在匯票上記明原因，另外開立收據，並交出匯票謄本及拒絕承兌證書。

有追索權者可以把匯票開成以發票人、前背書人或其他票據債務人為付款人的見票即付匯票；但如果另有約定，就不適用。

執票人和背書人依第一百零二條發匯票時，金額要按見票即付匯票的市價來定。

If the bill holder does not take required action within the statutory or agreed period, the holder loses recourse rights against prior parties.

因不可抗力而無法按期提示時，執票人要儘速通知發票人、背書人及其他票據債務人；障礙解除後要立即向付款人提示。若事變延續到到期日後滿三十日，執票人可以直接行使追索權，且不必提示或作成拒絕證書。

執票人請求時，由拒絕承兌地或拒絕付款地的法院公證處、商會或銀行公會作成拒絕證書。

作成人必須在拒絕證書中記載列明事項，並簽名、蓋作成機關印章。

A protest certificate must be made on the bill or its attached sheet.

A refusal certificate other than a payment refusal certificate must be copied from the bill of exchange or its transcript, and the copy must be made on that transcript or its attached slip.

票據欠缺法定應記載事項原則上無效，但另有規定者除外；善意取得且記載完整的執票人可以依票據文義行使權利，票據債務人不得以原先欠缺記載事項抗辯無效；除金額外的記載可在交付前由原記載人改寫，但須在改寫處簽名。

If a bill’s acceptance or payment is refused and the original bill has not been returned, the refusal certificate must be made on the copy or its attached slip.

A refusal certificate must be made by continuing the last existing entry on the bill, copy, or transcript; if it is made on an attached slip, it must also be signed across the seam.

對數人行使追索權時，只需要作成一份拒絕證書。

拒絕證書作成人應把證書原本交給執票人，並另做全文抄本存放在事務所。

匯票受款人可以自費請求發票人發行複本；受款人以外的執票人請求複本時，必須依次經由前手請求，且前手要在各複本上作同樣背書。

A copy must reproduce the same text, be marked as a copy, and be numbered; otherwise it is treated as an independent bill of exchange.

If one duplicate copy is paid, the other copies lose effect. The acceptor is liable for any accepted copy not taken back. An endorser who transfers copies to two or more people is liable for copies endorsed but not recovered. If all copies are endorsed to the same person, the endorser may ask the holder to surrender all copies when repayment is made, unless the holder has provided a guarantee or security.

If one copy of a bill is sent for presentment for acceptance, the other copies must state the recipient’s name or business name and address. The holder may ask the recipient to return the copy received, and if the recipient refuses, the holder may not exercise recourse unless a protest proves the stated matters.

執票人有權作成匯票謄本；謄本須標明為謄本、抄錄原本全部事項，並在原本記載已作成謄本。

送出原本供提示承兌的人，應在謄本上記明原本接收人的姓名或商號及住址。匯票有此記載時，執票人可以請求接收人交還原本；若接收人拒絕交還，執票人必須以拒絕證書證明已曾請求交還且未獲交還，才可行使追索權。

If a negotiable instrument includes matters not regulated by this Act, those matters have no effect on the instrument.

本票要由發票人簽名，並記載法定事項；若漏寫到期日、受款人、發票地或付款地，法律會依本條補充認定。

本票發票人負的責任，和匯票承兌人相同。

持票人要向發票人提示這種到期票據，請其簽名並記載見票字樣與日期；若發票人拒簽，持票人要在期限內請求作成拒絕證書。

執票人在向本票發票人行使追索權時，可以先聲請法院裁定，再進行強制執行。

This article says several bill-of-exchange rules apply to promissory notes, except for the listed excluded provisions.

支票須載明列出的事項並由發票人簽名；未記載受款人或發票地時，法律提供補充方式。

發票人必須依支票文字內容，擔保支票支付。

支票的付款人只能是第四條所定的金融業者。

支票原則上限於見票即付；如果有相反記載，該記載無效。票載發票日前，執票人不得提示付款。

If payment is made by cheque transfer or by offset, it is treated as payment by cheque.

票據債務人不得用自己和發票人或前手之間的抗辯來對抗執票人；但如果執票人取得票據是出於惡意，則不受此限制。

支票的執票人應在法定期限內向付款人提示付款。

票據執票人在提示付款遭拒時，可以向前手行使追索權；但必須在拒絕付款日或之後五日內請求作成拒絕證書。

執票人如果未在法定期限內提示付款，或未在拒絕付款日後五日內請求作成拒絕證書，對發票人以外的前手會喪失追索權。

執票人在行使追索權時，可以請求自付款提示日起的利息；如果沒有約定利率，則按年利六釐計算。

提示期限過後，發票人仍要對執票人負責；但如果執票人怠於提示而造成發票人損失，執票人要賠償，且賠償額不得超過票面金額。

發票人在第一百三十條所定期限內，不得撤銷付款委託。

付款人於提示期限過後，原則上仍可付款；但在發票人撤銷付款委託或已發行滿一年時，不在此限。

付款人存款或信用契約不足支付支票金額時，可以只支付部分金額；執票人應在支票上記明實收金額。

付款人在支票上簽名並記載照付、保付或同義字樣後，負有與匯票承兌人相同的付款責任；發票人及背書人因此免責。

平行線支票只能依規定向金融業者付款；執票人與發票人也有特定處理方式。

以惡意、重大過失、無對價或不相當對價取得票據的人，不得享有票據上的權利；後者也不得主張優於前手的權利。

If a person pays in violation of Article 139, that person must compensate the damage, but the compensation cannot exceed the cheque amount.

發票人在無存款餘額、未經允許墊借、超過可用金額，或在期限內故意提回存款等情形下，致支票不獲支付時，可能受刑罰；相關移送法院辦法由中央主管機關訂定。

依前條規定處罰的案件，不適用刑法第56條。

在特定資金足以支付支票金額時，付款人應負支付責任；但若已收到發票人破產宣告通知，則不適用。

Several provisions on bills of exchange apply to checks, subject to listed exceptions.

This provision is marked as deleted.

本法的施行細則由行政院訂定。

This Act takes effect on the date it is promulgated.

Forging a note or a signature on it does not affect the validity of any genuine signature.

票據被變造時，簽名在變造前的人依原文負責；簽名在變造後的人依變造後文義負責。

If a signature or notation on a bill is erased without the bill right holder’s intent, the bill’s validity is not affected.

票據喪失時，票據權利人可以提出止付通知；但提出後5日內，還要向付款人提出已聲請公示催告的證明。

票據遺失時，票據權利人可以聲請公示催告；程序開始後，聲請人可在提供擔保後請求支付已到期票據金額，不能提供擔保時可請求依法提存；未到期票據則可在提供擔保後請求給予新票據。

A bill of exchange is a document where the drawer orders the drawee to pay a fixed amount unconditionally to the payee or holder on a specified due date.

為行使或保全票據上權利時，相關行為應先在票據指定處所為之；沒有指定處所的，改在營業所；沒有營業所的，改在住所或居所。

票據關係人為行使或保全票據上權利時，相關行為原則上要在營業日的營業時間內進行。

票據權利與追索權須在法定期間內行使，逾期會因時效消滅；即使票據債權消滅，執票人仍可在所受利益限度內向發票人或承兌人請求償還。

票據餘白不夠記載時，可以黏單延長；黏單後的第一記載人要在騎縫上簽名。

匯票必須記載指定事項，且由發票人簽名。

The drawer may name itself or the payer as payee, and may also make itself the payer. If a bill of exchange does not name a payee, the bearer may fill in the blank with itself or another person as payee, turning it into an order bill.

發票人可以在付款人之外，另外記載一人為擔當付款人，並且也可以在付款地記載一人為預備付款人。

發票人可以記載付款處所，且該付款處所是在付款地。

發票人可以記載票據金額的利息及利率；如果沒有寫明利率，則適用年利六釐。

發票人原則上要依匯票文義擔保承兌及付款；但可依特約免除擔保承兌，且該特約應載明於匯票。

A promissory note is a note issued by the issuer for a specified amount, payable unconditionally by the issuer on a specified due date to the payee or holder.

匯票通常依背書及交付轉讓；無記名匯票可只依交付轉讓。若記名匯票發票人記載禁止轉讓，則不得轉讓。

這條規定背書的做法、記名背書與空白背書的判斷方式，並允許背書人記載背書日期。

A bill endorsed in blank may be transferred by delivery, and it may also be transferred by blank endorsement or registered endorsement.

If the last endorsement on a bill is a blank endorsement, the holder may fill in the blank with himself or another person as endorsee, convert it to an endorsement to order, and transfer it again.

A bill of exchange may be transferred to the drawer, acceptor, payer, or another liable party, and the transferee may transfer it again before it is due.

背書人可以記載在付款地的一人作為預備付款人。

An endorsement covering only part of a bill’s amount, or splitting the bill amount among several transferees, is ineffective; any condition written into an endorsement is treated as not written.

The holder of the instrument must prove their rights by a continuous chain of endorsements.

If the holder of an instrument intentionally erases an endorsement, the erased endorser and later endorsers before the erasure are exempt from liability.

The provisions of Article 29 also apply to endorsers.

This provision defines a check and defines which institutions count as financial institutions for this rule.

執票人以委任取款為目的背書時，應在匯票上記載；第一被背書人可行使匯票上一切權利，並可為同一目的再背書。

An endorsement made after maturity has only the effect of an ordinary assignment of a claim. If an endorsement has no date, it is presumed to have been made before maturity.

持票人可以在匯票到期日前，向付款人提示承兌。

付款人在匯票正面寫明承兌字樣並簽名；如果付款人只在票面簽名，也視為承兌。

Except for a sight bill, the drawer or endorser may write on the bill that acceptance may be requested and may set a period. The drawer may also prohibit requests for acceptance before a certain date.

見票後定期付款的匯票，必須在發票日起六個月內提示承兌。

Certain bills of exchange must have the acceptance date written by the payer at acceptance. If the date is omitted, the acceptance remains valid, and the holder may request a protest to prove the acceptance date.

付款人在執票人同意下，可以只承兌匯票的一部分；執票人必須把事由通知前手。附條件承兌會被視為拒絕，但承兌人仍要依所附條件負責。

付款人可以在執票人請求承兌時，請求延期承兌，但延期最多三日。

付款人可在承兌時指定擔當付款人；如果發票人已指定，付款人也可在承兌時塗銷或變更。

簽名在票據上的人，要依票據上寫明的內容負責；二人以上共同簽名時，負連帶責任。

付款人可在承兌時，把付款地的付款處所記載在匯票上。

付款人簽名承兌後，在把匯票交還執票人之前，仍可撤銷承兌；但如果已用書面通知執票人或匯票簽名人，就不能適用這個例外。

付款人承兌後要負付款責任；如果承兌人到期不付款，執票人可以直接請求支付第九十七條及第九十八條所定金額。

在特定條件下，執票人可以請求匯票上指定的預備付款人參加承兌；也可在執票人同意下，由非預備付款人或票據債務人以外的人指定票據債務人中的一人為被參加人辦理參加承兌。

參加承兌時，參加承兌人要在匯票正面記明指定事項並簽名。

A participant who is not acting on the respondent’s委託 must notify the respondent of the participation reason within four days after joining; if the participant delays notification and damage results, the participant must compensate for the damage.

執票人在允許參加承兌後，不得在到期日前行使追索權。被參加人及其前手則可在參加承兌後，向執票人支付第九十七條所定金額，並請求交付匯票及拒絕證書。

If the payer or drawee does not pay within the time limit in Articles 69 and 70, the accommodation acceptor must pay the amount set by Article 97.

匯票債務可以由保證人保證；但票據債務人不能作為保證人。

保證人必須在匯票或其謄本上記載指定事項並簽名。

A signature on a negotiable instrument may be replaced by a seal or stamp.

如果保證書沒有寫明被保證人，通常視為是替承兌人保證；如果還沒有承兌，則視為是替發票人保證。

保證人通常要負與被保證人相同的責任；即使被保證人的債務無效，保證人仍要負擔義務，但若無效是因方式欠缺，則例外。

If there are two or more guarantors, they are jointly and severally liable.

A guarantee may be given for only part of a bill’s amount.

保證人清償債務後，可以行使對承兌人、被保證人及其前手的追索權。

This provision sets how a bill’s maturity date is determined and provides acceleration rules for installment bills and agreed installment interest.

見票即付的匯票，以提示日作為到期日。

This provision sets how to calculate the maturity date for certain bills of exchange.

This article sets the maturity date rules for bills of exchange payable after a month, several months, or one-and-a-half months after issue or sight date, and defines what month-beginning, middle, and end mean on a bill.

持票人應在到期日或之後二日內作付款提示；票據載有擔當付款人時，應向該擔當付款人提示。

If the written amount and the numeral amount on a negotiable instrument do not match, the written amount controls.

Payment may be postponed with the holder’s consent, but only for up to three days after presentment.

付款人如對背書不連續的匯票付款，需自行負責；一般也不必認定背書簽名真偽或持票人是否為票據權利人，但若有惡意或重大過失則例外。

執票人可以拒絕到期前的付款；如果付款人提前付款，付款人要自行負責。

執票人不得拒絕一部分之付款。

付款人付款時，可以要求執票人簽名記載收訖並交出票據；部分付款時，也可以要求在票上記載已收金額並另給收據。

A bill of exchange may be paid in the currency used at the place of payment if the stated currency is not normally used there, unless the parties agreed otherwise.

如果執票人未在第六十九條所定期限內提示付款，票據債務人可以依法提存匯票金額；提存費用由執票人負擔。

參加付款應在執票人可以行使追索權時進行，最遲不得晚於拒絕證明作成期限的最後一天。

Anyone may participate in payment. If the holder refuses such payment, they lose recourse rights against the person paid for and later holders.

票據持有人在特定未付款情形下，必須先向參加承兌人或預備付款人提示付款，並在未獲清償時請求作成拒絕付款證書；違反前述程序可能喪失追索權。

A signature by a person without capacity or with limited capacity on a negotiable instrument does not affect the validity of the other signatures.

多個參加付款者同時存在時，能免除最多債務的人有優先權；故意違反前項規定的參加付款者，會喪失對相關人的追索權。

參加付款應以被參加人應支付金額的全部為之。

For payment by intervention, the fact of payment must be recorded in the protest certificate.

參加付款後，執票人要把匯票和收款清單交給參加付款人；如果有拒絕證書，也要一併交付。

A participating payer acquires the holder’s rights against the acceptor, accommodated payer, and prior indorsers, but cannot transfer those rights by endorsement.

匯票到期未獲付款時，執票人在完成行使或保全票據權利後，可以對背書人、發票人及其他債務人行使追索權。

匯票在全部或一部分未獲承兌或付款，或無法提示承兌或付款時，執票人應請求作成拒絕證書。

拒絕承兌證書要在提示承兌期限內作成；拒絕付款證書要在拒絕付款日當日或之後五日內作成，但若執票人允許延期付款，則改為在延期屆滿日或之後五日內作成。

在作成拒絕承兌證書後，不必再為付款提示，也不必再請求作成付款拒絕證書。

執票人通常要在拒絕證書作成後四日內通知背書人、發票人及其他匯票債務人拒絕事由；若有特約免除作成拒絕證書，則在拒絕承兌或拒絕付款後四日內通知。背書人收到前項通知後，也要在四日內通知其前手。

An agent who signs an instrument without stating that they are acting for a principal is responsible on the instrument.

發票人、背書人及匯票上其他債務人，可以在第八十九條所定通知期限前，免除執票人的通知義務。

Notices may be given by any method. If someone claims they gave notice within the Article 89 deadline, they must prove it. A notice sent by mail is treated as notified if the address on the envelope is correct.

If force majeure prevents a notice from being sent within the Article 89 deadline, it must be sent within four days after the obstacle ends.

未在第八十九條規定期限內通知的人，仍可以行使追索權；但如果因遲延通知造成損害，應負賠償責任，且賠償額不得超過匯票金額。

發票人或背書人可以記載，免除作成拒絕證書；在發票人作此記載時，執票人可不請求作成拒絕證書並行使追索權。

即使匯票記載免除作成拒絕證書，執票人仍須在所定期限內提示承兌或付款；主張未提示的人，負舉證責任。

發票人、承兌人、背書人及其他票據債務人，對執票人負連帶責任；執票人可向其中一人、數人或全部行使追索權。

執票人對匯票債務人行使追索權時，可以請求被拒絕承兌或付款的票據金額、約定利息或依年利六釐計算的利息，以及拒絕證書、通知和其他必要費用。

A person who pays under Article 97 may demand from the acceptor or prior parties the amount paid, interest on that amount, and necessary expenses. The drawer has the same claim against the acceptor if the drawer is the person who paid under Article 97.

A holder may not seek recourse against prior parties when the holder is the drawer, and may not seek recourse against later parties to the endorsement when the holder is the endorser.

This chapter is titled “General Provisions.”

Section heading: Refusal Certificate.

Section 11 heading: “Duplicate copies.”

This is a section heading for “謄本” (transcripts/copies).

This is a chapter heading for promissory notes.

This chapter is titled “Checks.”

This is a chapter heading for supplementary provisions.

This provision is a chapter heading for “Bills of Exchange.”

This chapter concerns invoices and forms.

This is a section heading for endorsements.

Section heading only: “Chapter 46 — Section 3 Acceptance.”

This provision is a section heading titled “參加承兌”.

This provision is a section heading for “Guarantee.”

This is the heading for Section 6, “Expiry date.”

This is a section heading for payments.

This chapter is titled “Participation Payments.”

This chapter is titled “Recourse Rights.”