Government Code — Part 88 | GOV — United States — California law | Esheria

Government Code

Part 88 of 107 · provisions 17,401–17,600

This act is named the Government Code.

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About this statute

This section defines key terms used in the CalSavers retirement savings title. This section creates the CalSavers Retirement Savings Board and sets rules for how the board, program administrator, and staff must operate. This section creates the CalSavers Retirement Savings Trust, assigns the board to administer it, requires the board to split trust money into a program fund and an administrative fund, and gives the Treasurer and the board investment-related powers. It also caps administrative fund spending at 1% of the total program fund after six years from implementation and exempts certain securities from specified Corporations Code sections. The CalSavers Retirement Savings Program must include one or more payroll deduction IRA arrangements, as determined by the board. The board has broad authority over the trust, including contracts, investments, staff, insurance, cooperation, and rulemaking.

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Provisions of Government Code

Showing 200 of 21,333

  1. 68606.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    In counties with an exemplary delay reduction program, the presiding judge must select and identify enough judges for the program, including at least four judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68606. In each of the counties in which an exemplary delay reduction program is established, the presiding judge shall, (a) select a sufficient number of judges for the program that will provide, consistent with the size of the court, an adequate basis for determining the effectiveness of the methods for reducing delay specified in this article; and (b) identify the particular judges who will participate in the program. However, a minimum of four judges shall be included in the program. Each presiding judge may select, and is encouraged to select, all the judges of the superior court or the branch of a superior court as the judges of an exemplary delay reduction program. This section shall cease to be operative on July 1, 1992. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. Inoperative July 1, 1992, by its own provisions.)
  2. 68607.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    Judges must actively manage litigation to reduce delay, keep cases moving, and limit continuances.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68607. In accordance with this article and consistent with statute, judges shall have the responsibility to eliminate delay in the progress and ultimate resolution of litigation, to assume and maintain control over the pace of litigation, to actively manage the processing of litigation from commencement to disposition, and to compel attorneys and litigants to prepare and resolve all litigation without delay, from the filing of the first document invoking court jurisdiction to final disposition of the action. The judges of the program shall, consistent with the policies of this article: (a) Actively monitor, supervise and control the movement of all cases assigned to the program from the time of filing of the first document invoking court jurisdiction through final disposition. (b) Seek to meet the standards for timely disposition adopted pursuant to Section 68603. (c) Establish procedures for early identification of cases within the program which may be protracted and for giving those cases special administrative and judicial attention as appropriate, including special assignment. (d) Establish procedures for early identification and timely and appropriate handling of cases within the program which may be amenable to settlement or other alternative disposition techniques. (e) Adopt a trial setting policy which, to the maximum extent possible, schedules a trial date within the time standards adopted pursuant to Section 68603 and which schedules a sufficient number of cases to ensure efficient use of judicial time while minimizing resetting caused by overscheduling. (f) Commence trials on the date scheduled. (g) Adopt and utilize a firm, consistent policy against continuances, to the maximum extent possible and reasonable, in all stages of the litigation. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3.)
  3. 68607.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    A case may not be removed from a delay reduction program because someone filed a Section 170.6 challenge.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68607.5. No action or proceeding may be removed from a delay reduction program because of a challenge filed under Section 170.6 of the Code of Civil Procedure. (Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3.)
  4. 68608.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    Juvenile, probate, and domestic relations cases may not be assigned to a delay reduction program; judges may impose authorized sanctions when lesser sanctions would likely be ineffective.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68608. (a) Juvenile, probate, and domestic relations cases shall not be assigned to a delay reduction program, and cases which have been assigned to a judge or judges for all purposes based on subject matter need not be assigned to the program. (b) Judges shall have all the powers to impose sanctions authorized by law, including the power to dismiss actions or strike pleadings, if it appears that less severe sanctions would not be effective after taking into account the effect of previous sanctions or previous lack of compliance in the case. Judges are encouraged to impose sanctions to achieve the purposes of this article. (c) This section shall become operative July 1, 1992. (Repealed (Jan. 1, 1991) and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. Section operative July 1, 1992, by its own provisions.)
  5. 68609.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    The presiding judge must assign certain cases to an exemplary delay reduction program, and program judges may impose sanctions to enforce it.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68609. (a) The presiding judge of each superior court with an exemplary delay reduction program shall assign a pro rata share of new cases, and an appropriate number of existing cases, to the program, and these cases shall thereafter be handled by the judges of the program for all purposes. (b) Juvenile, probate, and domestic relations cases shall not be assigned to an exemplary delay reduction program, and cases which have been assigned to a judge or judges for all purposes based on subject matter need not be assigned to the program. (c) No case shall be removed from an exemplary delay reduction program because of a challenge filed under Section 170.6 of the Code of Civil Procedure. (d) In order to enforce the requirements of an exemplary delay reduction program and orders issued in cases assigned to it, the judges of the program shall have all the powers to impose sanctions authorized by law, including the power to dismiss actions or strike pleadings, if it appears that less severe sanctions would not be effective after taking into account the effect of previous sanctions or previous lack of compliance in the case. Judges are encouraged to impose sanctions to achieve the purposes of this article. (e) This section shall cease to be operative on July 1, 1992. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. Inoperative July 1, 1992, by its own provisions.)
  6. 68609.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    Each court and the Judicial Council must adopt rules allowing arbitration of certain “Uninsured Motorist” cases.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68609.5. Each court and the Judicial Council, under subdivision (b) of Section 68619, shall adopt rules to allow for the arbitration of cases designated by the court as “Uninsured Motorist” in which an action is filed against a defendant who is an uninsured motorist and the plaintiff’s claim is subject to an arbitration provision. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3.)
  7. 68610.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    The Judicial Council may prepare and run a training program for judges on administering the delay reduction program.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68610. The Judicial Council, in conjunction with other interested groups as it determines appropriate, may prepare and administer a program, consistent with the policies and requirements of this article, for the training of judges in administering the delay reduction program. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3.)
  8. 68612.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    Judges must develop, publish, and regularly explain the program’s procedures, standards, and policies, and the Judicial Council may help or adopt them statewide.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68612. Judges shall, in consultation with the bar of the county to the maximum extent feasible develop and publish the procedures, standards, and policies which will be used in the program, including time standards for the conclusion of all critical steps in the litigation process, including discovery, and shall meet on a regular basis with the bar of the county in order to explain and publicize the program and the procedures, standards, and policies which shall govern cases assigned to the program. The procedures, standards, and policies to be used in the program shall be filed, distributed, and maintained pursuant to Section 68071 and the California Rules of Court, and shall also be published for general distribution. In its discretion, the Judicial Council may assist in the development of, or may develop and adopt, any or all of such procedures, standards, or policies on a statewide basis. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3.)
  9. 68613.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    The Judicial Council may receive and spend available funds for the programs created by this article.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68613. The Judicial Council may receive and expend on the programs established by this article any funds available from county, state, or federal government or other sources which may be available for such purposes. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3.)
  10. 68614.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    A presiding judge may direct judges outside an exemplary delay reduction program to use the delay-reduction methods in Section 68607.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68614. Nothing in this article is intended to prevent a presiding judge from directing the use of the methods of delay reduction specified in Section 68607 by judges who are not part of an exemplary delay reduction program. This section shall cease to be operative on July 1, 1992. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. Inoperative July 1, 1992, by its own provisions.)
  11. 68615.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    The Judicial Council may, at its discretion, contract out performance of duties imposed by this article.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68615. In its discretion, the Judicial Council may contract out for performance of any of the duties imposed by this article. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3.)
  12. 68616.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    Court delay-reduction rules cannot set shorter deadlines than the minimum time periods listed here.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68616. Delay reduction rules shall not require shorter time periods than as follows: (a) Service of the complaint within 60 days after filing. Exceptions, for longer periods of time, (1) may be granted as authorized by local rule, and (2) shall be granted on a showing that service could not reasonably be achieved within the time required with the exercise of due diligence, consistent with the amount in controversy. (b) Service of responsive pleadings within 30 days after service of the complaint. The parties may stipulate to an additional 15 days. Exceptions, for longer periods of time, may be granted as authorized by local rule. (c) Time for service of notice or other paper under Sections 1005 and 1013 of the Code of Civil Procedure, and time to plead after service of summons under Section 412.20 of the Code of Civil Procedure, shall not be shortened, except as provided in those sections. (d) Within 30 days of service of the responsive pleadings, the parties may, by stipulation filed with the court, agree to a single continuance not to exceed 30 days. It is the intent of the Legislature that these stipulations not detract from the efforts of the courts to comply with standards of timely disposition. To this extent, the Judicial Council shall develop statistics that distinguish between cases involving, and not involving, these stipulations. (e) A status conference, or similar event, other than a challenge to the jurisdiction of the court, shall not be required to be conducted sooner than 30 days after service of the first responsive pleadings, or 30 days after expiration of a stipulated continuance, if any, pursuant to subdivision (d). (f) Title 4 (commencing with Section 2016.010) of Part 4 of the Code of Civil Procedure shall govern discovery, except in arbitration proceedings. (g) A case shall not be referred to arbitration prior to 210 days after the filing of the complaint, exclusive of the stipulated period provided for in subdivision (d). Any rule adopted pursuant to this article shall not contravene Sections 638 and 639 of the Code of Civil Procedure. (h) Unnamed (DOE) defendants shall not be dismissed or severed prior to the conclusion of the introduction of evidence at trial, except upon stipulation or motion of the parties. (Amended by Stats. 2010, Ch. 131, Sec. 2. (AB 1894) Effective January 1, 2011.)
  13. 68617.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    The Judicial Council must submit a report to the Legislature and the Governor by October 30, 2002.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68617. On or before October 30, 2002, the Judicial Council shall submit a report to the Legislature and the Governor regarding the effectiveness of the Centers for Complex Litigation established pursuant to the Budget Act of 1999. The report shall examine, among other things, the number of complex cases filed, the impact of the centers on case and calendar management, and the impact on the trial courts, the attorneys, and the parties, and shall make recommendations to the Legislature and the Governor. (Added by Stats. 1999, Ch. 67, Sec. 11. Effective July 6, 1999.)
  14. 68619.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    The Judicial Council must review local delay reduction rules and adopt uniform delay reduction rules for courts in delay reduction programs.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68619. (a) The Judicial Council shall review all local delay reduction rules adopted by courts and any revisions or new rules adopted by them and make recommendations to the courts of revisions so that these rules are consistent, to the extent desirable, with other court rules. (b) The Judicial Council shall adopt uniform delay reduction rules which shall apply to any court that adopts a delay reduction program pursuant to Section 68618. This subdivision shall cease to be operative on July 1, 1992. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3.)
  15. 68620.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. )

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    Superior courts must set up delay reduction programs for limited civil cases, and the Judicial Council may help develop statewide procedures, standards, or policies.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. The Trial Court Delay Reduction Act [68600 - 68620] ( Article 5 repealed and added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1232, Sec. 3. ) ## 68620. (a) Each superior court shall establish a delay reduction program for limited civil cases in consultation with the local bar that is consistent with the provisions of this article. In its discretion, the Judicial Council may assist in the development of, or may develop and adopt, any or all procedures, standards, or policies for a delay reduction program for limited civil cases in superior courts on a statewide basis which are consistent with the provisions of the Trial Court Delay Reduction Act. (b) Actions and proceedings subject to the provisions of Chapter 5.5 (commencing with Section 116.110) of Title 1 of Part 1 of the Code of Civil Procedure or provisions of Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 1159) of Title 3 of Part 3 of the Code of Civil Procedure may not be assigned to or governed by the provisions of any delay reduction program established pursuant to this section. (c) It is the intent of the Legislature that the civil discovery in actions and proceedings subject to a program established pursuant to Article 2 (commencing with Section 90) of Chapter 5.1 of Title 1 of Part 1 of the Code of Civil Procedure shall be governed by the times and procedures specified in that article. Civil discovery in these actions and proceedings is not affected by the provisions of any delay reduction program adopted pursuant to this section. (Amended by Stats. 2003, Ch. 149, Sec. 28. Effective January 1, 2004.)
  16. 68630.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    This section says court fee waiver procedures should protect access to court for people who cannot afford fees and should be fair, accessible, and not delay court access.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68630. The Legislature finds and declares all of the following: (a) That our legal system cannot provide “equal justice under law” unless all persons have access to the courts without regard to their economic means. California law and court procedures should ensure that court fees are not a barrier to court access for those with insufficient economic means to pay those fees. (b) That fiscal responsibility should be tempered with concern for litigants’ rights to access the justice system. The procedure for allowing the poor to use court services without paying ordinary fees must be one that applies rules fairly to similarly situated persons, is accessible to those with limited knowledge of court processes, and does not delay access to court services. The procedure for determining if a litigant may file a lawsuit without paying a fee must not interfere with court access for those without the financial means to do so. (c) That those who are able to pay court fees should do so, and that courts should be allowed to recover previously waived fees if a litigant has obtained a judgment or substantial settlement. (Added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2009. Operative July 1, 2009, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 462.)
  17. 68631.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    The court must grant an initial fee waiver when the applicant meets the stated eligibility and application requirements, but the court can later reconsider, withdraw, or recover waived fees in specified circumstances.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68631. An initial fee waiver shall be granted by the court at any stage of the proceedings at both the appellate and trial court levels if an applicant meets the standards of eligibility and application requirements under Sections 68632 and 68633. An initial fee waiver excuses the applicant from paying fees for the first pleading or other paper, and other court fees and costs, including assessments for court investigations under Section 1513, 1826, or 1851 of the Probate Code, as specified in rules adopted by the Judicial Council, unless the court orders the applicant to make partial payments under subdivision (c) of Section 68632, subdivision (d) of Section 68636, or subdivision (e) of Section 68637. Under circumstances set forth in Section 68636, the court may reconsider the initial fee waiver and order the fee waiver withdrawn for future fees and costs or deny the fee waiver retroactively. At the end of the case, the court may recover fees and costs that were initially waived under circumstances set forth in Section 68637. Upon establishment of a conservatorship or guardianship, the court may collect all or part of any fees waived pursuant to this section and Section 68632 from the estate of the conservatee or ward, if the court finds that the estate has the ability to pay the fees, or a portion thereof, immediately, over a period of time, or under some other equitable agreement, without using moneys that normally would pay for the common necessaries of life for the applicant and the applicant’s family. (Amended by Stats. 2014, Ch. 913, Sec. 23. (AB 2747) Effective January 1, 2015.)
  18. 68631.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    For these cases, the petitioner must complete all required forms and provide all information required under this article.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68631.5. For purposes of this article, a conservatee, ward, or person for whom a conservatorship or guardianship is sought, shall be deemed the “applicant,” and the conservator, guardian, or person or persons seeking to establish the conservatorship or guardianship shall be deemed the “petitioner.” In those cases, the petitioner is responsible for completing all forms and providing all information required under this article. (Added by Stats. 2014, Ch. 913, Sec. 24. (AB 2747) Effective January 1, 2015.)
  19. 68632.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    This section sets who may get an initial waiver of court fees and costs based on benefits, income, or inability to pay, and requires the Judicial Council to publish the income table used for that test.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68632. Permission to proceed without paying court fees and costs because of an applicant’s financial condition shall be granted initially to all of the following persons: (a) An applicant who is receiving public benefits under one or more of the following programs: (1) Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and State Supplementary Payment (SSP) (Article 5 (commencing with Section 12200) of Chapter 3 of Part 3 of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code). (2) California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids Act (CalWORKs) (Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11200) of Part 3 of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code) or a federal Tribal Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (Tribal TANF) grant program (Section 10553.25 of the Welfare and Institutions Code). (3) Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (Chapter 51 (commencing with Section 2011) of Title 7 of the United States Code) or the California Food Assistance Program (Chapter 10.1 (commencing with Section 18930) of Part 6 of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code). (4) County Relief, General Relief (GR), or General Assistance (GA) (Part 5 (commencing with Section 17000) of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code). (5) Cash Assistance Program for Aged, Blind, and Disabled Legal Immigrants (CAPI) (Chapter 10.3 (commencing with Section 18937) of Part 6 of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code). (6) In-Home Supportive Services (IHSS) (Article 7 (commencing with Section 12300) of Chapter 3 of Part 3 of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code). (7) Medi-Cal (Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 14000) of Part 3 of Division 9 of the Welfare and Institutions Code). (8) California Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC Program) (Article 2 (commencing with Section 123275) of Chapter 1 of Part 2 of Division 106 of the Health and Safety Code). (9) Unemployment compensation (Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 1251) of Part 1 of Division 1 of the Unemployment Insurance Code). (b) (1) An applicant whose monthly income is 200 percent or less of the current poverty guidelines updated periodically in the Federal Register by the United States Department of Health and Human Services under the authority of paragraph (2) of Section 9902 of Title 42 of the United States Code or a successor statute or regulation. (2) The Judicial Council shall annually publish a table establishing the threshold monthly household income for a fee waiver pursuant to paragraph (1) that is adjusted for household family size to be used with form FW-001. (3) Monthly income for purposes of paragraph (1) shall not include veterans disability service-connected compensation. (c) An applicant who, as individually determined by the court, cannot pay court fees without using moneys that normally would pay for the common necessaries of life for the applicant and the applicant’s family. Only if a trial court finds that an applicant under this subdivision can pay a portion of court fees, or can pay court fees over a period of time, or under some other equitable arrangement, without using moneys that normally would pay for the common necessaries of life for the applicant and the applicant’s family, the court may grant a partial initial fee waiver using the notice and hearing procedures set forth in paragraph (5) of subdivision (e) of Section 68634. “Common necessaries of life,” as used in this article, shall be interpreted consistently with the use of that term in paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 706.051 of the Code of Civil Procedure, as that paragraph read prior to January 1, 2012. (d) A person who files a petition for appointment of a fiduciary in a guardianship or conservatorship, or files pleadings as the appointed fiduciary of a conservatee or ward, when the financial condition of the conservatee or ward meets the standards for a fee waiver pursuant to subdivision (a), (b), or (c). (Amended by Stats. 2025, Ch. 646, Sec. 1. (SB 54) Effective January 1, 2026.)
  20. 68633.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    This section sets what an applicant must include in a fee-waiver application, what supporting documents are not required at submission, and how the court must keep the financial information confidential.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68633. (a) An applicant for an initial fee waiver under subdivision (a) of Section 68632 shall complete, under penalty of perjury, a Judicial Council application form requiring the applicant to list his or her current street address, or another address where the court can contact the applicant, occupation, employer, and the type of public benefits that he or she is receiving. At the time the application is submitted, the applicant shall not be required to provide documents supporting receipt of public benefits, to provide evidence of identity, to submit to interviews regarding the applicant’s financial circumstances, to be physically present to file the application, or to fill out additional parts of the application form. (b) An applicant for an initial fee waiver under subdivision (b) of Section 68632 shall complete, under penalty of perjury, both of the following: (1) A Judicial Council application form requiring the applicant to provide his or her current street address, or another address where the court can contact the applicant, occupation, and employer. (2) A financial statement showing monthly or yearly income as determined under rules, and on forms, adopted by the Judicial Council. At the time the application is submitted, the applicant shall not be required to provide documents to prove income, dependents, or expenses, to provide evidence of identity, to submit to interviews regarding the applicant’s financial circumstances, to be physically present to file the application, or to fill out additional parts of the application form. (c) An applicant for an initial fee waiver under subdivision (c) of Section 68632 shall complete, under penalty of perjury, both of the following: (1) A Judicial Council application form requiring the applicant to provide his or her current street address, or another address where the court can contact the applicant, occupation, and employer. (2) A financial statement showing monthly or yearly income and expenses and a summary of assets and liabilities as determined under rules, and on forms, adopted by the Judicial Council. At the time the application is submitted, the applicant shall not be required to provide documents to prove income, dependents, or expenses, to provide evidence of identity, to submit to interviews regarding the applicant’s financial circumstances, or to be physically present to file the application. (d) The clerk shall provide forms adopted by the Judicial Council pursuant to this article without charge to any person who requests those forms or indicates that he or she is unable to pay any court fees or costs. An applicant shall not be required to complete any form as part of his or her application under this article other than those forms adopted by the Judicial Council. (e) An applicant for an initial fee waiver shall be informed that, at a later date, the court may require proof of receipt of benefits or financial information to verify eligibility, as provided in Section 68636, and that a trial court may seek reimbursement of initially waived fees under circumstances set forth in Section 68637. This notice requirement is satisfied if the information is provided on the Judicial Council fee waiver application form. (f) Financial information provided by an applicant shall be kept confidential by the court. No person shall have access to the application except the court, authorized court personnel, and any person authorized by the applicant. No person shall reveal any information contained in the application except as authorized by law. Any hearing regarding whether to grant or deny a fee waiver request shall be held in camera, and the court shall exclude all persons except court staff, the applicant, those present with the applicant’s consent, and any witness being examined. The fact that an applicant’s fees and costs have been initially waived and the amount of the waived fees and costs are not confidential. The Judicial Council shall adopt procedures to keep the financial information confidential and to consider a request seeking that confidential information. (g) Counsel representing an applicant who is filing in a general jurisdiction civil case pursuant to an agreement that counsel will advance litigation costs shall indicate that agreement on the application form. The court shall set a hearing to determine whether or not the applicant is able to pay court fees without using moneys that normally would pay for the common necessaries of life. This subdivision does not apply if the applicant is represented by counsel for, or affiliated with, a qualified legal services project, as defined in Section 6213 of the Business and Professions Code. (Added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2009. Operative July 1, 2009, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 462.)
  21. 68634.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    This section sets rules for how trial courts process initial fee waiver applications.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68634. (a) This section applies to the processing and determination of fee waiver applications in the trial courts. (b) All applications for an initial fee waiver shall be accepted for filing. If an applicant submits an application without providing all required information to complete the form, the clerk may request that the applicant supply the omitted information, but shall not refuse to file the application, or refuse to file any pleadings accompanying the application, on the ground that the fee has not been paid. The clerk shall not request that the applicant furnish information that is not required on the Judicial Council fee waiver application form. At the time the application is submitted, the clerk shall not request that the applicant provide documents to support the information other than those required under Section 68633. (c) If a person has filed an application for an initial fee waiver, the person shall be permitted to file his or her pleading or other papers immediately, without paying any fees. (d) The court may delegate to the clerk the authority to grant applications for an initial fee waiver that meet the standards of eligibility and application requirements set forth in Sections 68632 and 68633. The court shall not delegate to a clerk the authority to deny or to partially grant an application for an initial fee waiver. (e) The fee waiver application shall be determined without regard to the substance of the applicant’s pleading or other paper filed, if any. On review of an application for an initial fee waiver the court shall take the following actions, as applicable: (1) Grant the application if the information provided on the application establishes that the applicant meets the criteria for eligibility and application requirements set forth in Sections 68632 and 68633. (2) Deny the application if the application is incomplete. If the application is denied on this basis, the applicant shall be given notice of the specific reason for denial and a reasonable opportunity to submit a revised application. (3) Deny the application if the information provided on the application conclusively establishes that the applicant is not eligible for an initial fee waiver under Section 68632 on the grounds requested. If the application is denied on this basis, the applicant shall be given notice of the specific reason for denial and a reasonable opportunity to request a hearing. The applicant may submit additional information at the hearing. (4) Set an eligibility hearing if the court has good reason to doubt the veracity of the factual statements in the application. The applicant shall be given 10 days’ notice of the hearing and the specific reason the court doubts the veracity of the factual statements. The court may require that specified, reasonably available, additional information be provided concerning the truthfulness of the factual statements in the application, but shall not require submission of information that is not related to the criteria for eligibility and application requirements set forth in Sections 68632 and 68633. (5) Set an eligibility hearing if the information provided on the application does not establish that the applicant meets the criteria for eligibility and application requirements set forth in Sections 68632 and 68633, but that information does not conclusively establish that the applicant is not eligible for an initial fee waiver on the grounds requested. The applicant shall be given 10 days’ notice of the hearing and the specific reason why the court has not granted the application. The court may require that specified, reasonably available, additional information be provided, but shall not require submission of information that is not related to the criteria for eligibility and application requirements set forth in Sections 68632 and 68633. After notice and an opportunity to be heard, the court may require an applicant under subdivision (c) of Section 68632 to pay a portion of court fees, or to pay court fees over a period of time or under some other equitable arrangement that meets the criteria of subdivision (c) of Section 68632. The court shall give a written statement of reasons if an application is denied in whole or in part. (f) An application for an initial fee waiver is deemed granted five court days after it is filed, unless before that time, the court gives notice of action on the application as provided in subdivision (e). Any delay by the court in processing an application to initially waive court fees and costs does not count against any time limits affecting the pleadings or other papers that the applicant timely filed. (g) If an application is denied in whole or in part, the applicant shall pay the court fees and costs that ordinarily would be charged, or make the partial payment as ordered by the court, within 10 days after the clerk gives notice of the denial, unless within that time the applicant submits a new application or requests a hearing under subdivision (e). If the applicant does not pay on time, the clerk shall void the papers that were filed without payment of the court fees and costs. (h) A person who applies for an initial fee waiver shall indicate whether he or she has filed a prior application for an initial fee waiver in the same case within the previous six months and shall attach a copy, if one is reasonably available. (Added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2009. Operative July 1, 2009, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 462.)
  22. 68634.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    This section sets the process for fee waiver applications in appellate courts and limits what the clerk and court may ask for or do.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68634.5. (a) This section applies to the processing and determination of fee waiver applications in the appellate courts. (b) All completed applications for a fee waiver shall be accepted for filing. If an application is submitted without all required information filled out on the form, the clerk may return the application to the applicant and request that the applicant supply the omitted information, but shall not refuse to file any paper accompanying the application on the ground that the application is incomplete or the fee has not been paid. The clerk shall not request that the applicant furnish information that is not required on the Judicial Council fee waiver application form. At the time the application is submitted, the clerk shall not request that the applicant provide documents to support the information other than those required under Section 68633. (c) A person shall be permitted to file his or her papers immediately, even if the person does not present the filing fee, or an application for, or order granting, a fee waiver. (d) The court may delegate to the clerk the authority to grant applications for a fee waiver that meet the standards of eligibility and application requirements set forth in Sections 68632 and 68633. The court shall not delegate to a clerk the authority to deny an application for a fee waiver. (e) The fee waiver application shall be determined without regard to the substance of any other paper filed by the applicant. On review of an application for a fee waiver, the court shall take the following actions, as applicable: (1) Grant the application if the information provided on the application establishes that the applicant meets the criteria for eligibility and application requirements set forth in Sections 68632 and 68633. (2) Deny the application if the application is incomplete. If the application is denied on this basis, the applicant shall be given notice of the specific reason for denial and a reasonable opportunity to submit a revised application. (3) Deny the application if the information provided on the application conclusively establishes that the applicant is not eligible for a fee waiver under Section 68632 on the grounds requested. If the application is denied on this basis, the applicant shall be given notice of the specific reason for denial and a reasonable opportunity to submit additional information related to the criteria for eligibility and application requirements. (4) If the court concludes that there is a substantial evidentiary question regarding the applicant’s eligibility, the court: (A) May require the applicant to provide specified, reasonably available, additional information concerning the factual statements in the application, but shall not require submission of information that is not related to the criteria for eligibility and application requirements set forth in Sections 68632 and 68633. (B) May set a hearing to consider evidence concerning the applicant’s eligibility. (C) Shall give a written statement of reasons if an application is denied. (f) An application for a fee waiver is deemed granted five court days after it is filed, unless before that time, the court gives notice of action on the application as provided in subdivision (e). (g) If an application is denied, the applicant shall pay the court fees and costs that ordinarily would be charged within 10 days after the clerk gives notice of the denial, unless within that time, the court grants a fee waiver based on a new application or additional information provided by the applicant under subdivision (e). The clerk shall notify the applicant of the consequences for failure to pay the court fees. (h) A person who applies for an initial fee waiver shall indicate whether he or she has filed a prior application for a fee waiver in the same case and shall attach a copy, if one is reasonably available. (Added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2009. Operative July 1, 2009, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 462.)
  23. 68635.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    Inmate fee waivers for trial court fees are limited: eligible inmates must provide specified application information, pay partial fees, and make monthly payments, but they cannot be blocked from filing solely for lack of assets.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68635. (a) This section applies only to waivers of trial court fees. (b) Notwithstanding any other provision of this article, a person who is sentenced to the state prison or confined in a county jail shall pay the full amount of the trial court filing fees and costs to the extent provided in this section. (c) To apply for an initial fee waiver, a person who is sentenced to the state prison or confined in a county jail shall complete, under penalty of perjury, a Judicial Council application form giving the current address of the inmate and a statement that he or she is incarcerated, together with a statement of account for any moneys due to the inmate for the six-month period immediately preceding the application. The form shall be certified by the appropriate official of the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation or a county jail. (d) When the pleadings or other papers are filed, the court shall assess and, if funds exist, collect as partial payment, a partial filing fee of 20 percent of the greater of either of the following: (1) The average monthly deposits to the inmate’s account. (2) The average monthly balance in the inmate’s account for the six-month period immediately preceding the application. (e) After the initial filing fee is partially paid, the inmate shall make monthly payments of 20 percent of the preceding month’s income credited to the inmate’s account. The Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, or a county jail, shall forward payments from this account to the clerk of the court each time the amount in the account exceeds ten dollars ($10) until the filing fees are paid in full. (f) The fees collected by the court under this section shall not exceed the amount of the fees that would be charged to a person who is not incarcerated. (g) The court may delegate to a clerk the authority to process requests for fee waivers from inmates under this section. (h) An inmate shall not be prohibited from filing pleadings or other papers solely because the inmate has no assets and no means to partially pay the initial filing fee. (Added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2009. Operative July 1, 2009, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 462.)
  24. 68636.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    A person who got a court fee waiver must tell the court within 5 days if financial circumstances change in a way that affects ability to pay; the court may then review the waiver and require notice, evidence, payment, or a hearing in specified situations.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68636. (a) After the court has granted an initial fee waiver in whole or in part, and before final disposition of the case, the person who received the initial fee waiver shall notify the court within five days of any change in financial circumstances that affects his or her ability to pay all or a portion of the court fees and costs that were initially waived. (b) If, before or at the time of final disposition of the case, the court obtains information, including information derived from the court file, suggesting that a person whose fees and costs were initially waived is not entitled to a fee waiver, or that the person’s financial condition has changed so that he or she is no longer eligible for a fee waiver, the court may require the person to appear at a court hearing by giving the applicant no less than 10 days’ written notice of the hearing and the specific reasons why the initial fee waiver might be reconsidered. The court may require the person to provide reasonably available evidence, including financial information, to support his or her eligibility for the fee waiver, but shall not require submission of information that is not related to the criteria for eligibility and application requirements set forth in Sections 68632 and 68633. The court shall not conduct a hearing pursuant to this subdivision more often than once every six months. (c) At the time of final disposition of the case, the court may give notice that a person whose fees and costs were initially waived is required to appear at a court hearing by giving the applicant no less than 10 days’ written notice of the hearing. The court may require the person to provide reasonably available evidence, including financial information, to support his or her eligibility for the fee waiver, but shall not require submission of information that is not related to the criteria for eligibility and application requirements set forth in Sections 68632 and 68633. (d) In conducting a hearing under subdivision (b) or (c), if the court determines that the person was not entitled to the initial fee waiver at the time it was granted, the court may order the waiver withdrawn retroactively. The court may order the person to pay to the court immediately, or over a period of time, all or part of the fees that were initially waived. The court shall give the person a minimum of 10 court days to begin paying the full or partial fees. (e) In conducting a hearing under subdivision (a), (b), or (c), if the court determines that the person’s financial circumstances have changed since the grant of the initial fee waiver or partial initial fee waiver, the court may order the fee waiver withdrawn prospectively from the time that the person no longer was eligible for a fee waiver. The court may order the person to pay to the court immediately, or over a period of time, all or part of the fees that were waived since the time that the person no longer was eligible for a fee waiver. The court may order the person to begin paying all or part of the court fees assessed for future activities in the case. The court shall give the person a minimum of 10 court days to begin paying the full or partial fees. (f) If the court obtains information suggesting that a litigant whose fees and costs were initially waived is obtaining court services in bad faith, or for an improper purpose such as to harass or cause unnecessary delay, or to needlessly increase the costs of litigation, the court may give notice that the litigant is required to appear at a court hearing to consider whether limitations should be placed on court services for which fees were initially waived. (Added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2009. Operative July 1, 2009, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 462.)
  25. 68637.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    This section says how waived trial court fees and costs can be recovered or enforced in certain cases, including judgments, dismissals, settlements, and some family law matters.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68637. (a) This section applies only to waivers of trial court fees. (b) (1) If a party whose trial court fees and costs were initially waived is a prevailing party within the meaning of Section 1032 of the Code of Civil Procedure, the judgment or dismissal entered in favor of the party whose fees and costs were initially waived shall include an order requiring that the party against whom judgment or dismissal has been entered pay to the court the waived fees and costs. The court may refuse to enter a partial or full satisfaction of a judgment until an accompanying order requiring payment of waived fees and costs has been satisfied. (2) A party petitioning the court to enter satisfaction of judgment shall declare, under penalty of perjury, that any order requiring payment of waived fees and costs has been satisfied. (3) This subdivision does not apply to any of the following: (A) Unlawful detainer cases. (B) Family law matters, for which recovery of fees is subject to subdivisions (d) and (e). (C) Cases in which the judgment or dismissal is entered against a party whose fees and costs were initially waived. (c) If a party in a civil case whose trial court fees and costs were initially waived recovers ten thousand dollars ($10,000) or more in value by way of settlement, compromise, arbitration award, mediation settlement, or other recovery, the waived fees and costs shall be paid to the court out of the settlement, compromise, award, or other recovery. (1) The court shall have a lien on any settlement, compromise, award, or other recovery in the amount of all the court fees and costs initially waived. (2) The waived fees and costs shall first be paid to the court before the party whose fees and costs were initially waived receives anything of value under the settlement, compromise, award, or other recovery. (3) Notice of the lien shall be given to the parties under rules and on forms adopted by the Judicial Council, and the Judicial Council shall provide by rule the procedures by which a party subject to a lien may determine the amount of the lien. (4) The court may refuse to enter a petition for dismissal in the case until the lien is satisfied. A party filing a petition for dismissal shall declare, under penalty of perjury, that the lien has been paid, or that any settlement, compromise, award, or other recovery has a value of less than ten thousand dollars ($10,000). (5) In a case in which an initial waiver of fees and costs was granted, or if a petition to dismiss the case is filed without the declaration, the court may issue an order to show cause why the lien should not be enforced and why the court should not enter a judgment making the parties jointly and severally liable to the court for initially waived fees and costs. (d) If a judgment or an order to pay support is entered in a family law case, the trial court shall consider, based on the information in the court file, whether a party who did not receive a fee waiver has the ability to pay all or part of the other party’s waived fees. Any order for the payment of the other party’s waived fees shall be made payable only after all current support and all accrued arrears owed by the party who did not receive the fee waiver have been paid. If the court orders payment of the other party’s waived fees, and the party required to pay is not present in court at the time judgment is entered, the party required to pay shall be given notice and an opportunity for a hearing to request that the court set aside the order to pay fees. A request for a hearing shall be made in writing within 30 days after service of the notice of the court order. If a request for hearing is made, the order for payment of initially waived fees shall not be enforced until after the hearing. (e) If a judgment is entered in a family law case, the trial court shall consider, based on the information in the court file, whether a party’s circumstances have changed so that it is reasonable to require a party who received an initial fee waiver to pay all or part of the fees that were initially waived. In making this determination, the court shall use the criteria for eligibility set forth in Section 68632. In considering whether a child or spousal support order constitutes a change of circumstances allowing the party to pay fees, the court also shall consider the likelihood that the support obligor will remit the payments ordered by the court. If a support order is the primary basis for the court’s finding of changed circumstances, the court shall order the support obligor to pay the previously waived fees subject to the provisions of subdivision (d). When the court orders the party to pay all or part of the fees that were initially waived, the party required to pay shall be given notice and an opportunity for a hearing to request that the court set aside the order to pay fees. A request for a hearing shall be made in writing within 30 days after service of the notice of the court order. If a request for hearing is made, the order for payment of initially waived fees shall not be enforced until after the hearing. (Added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2009. Operative July 1, 2009, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 462.)
  26. 68638.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    The trial court may enforce payment of initially waived fees and costs and may issue enforcement documents for specified amounts, including a $25 administrative fee.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68638. (a) The trial court may execute on any order for payment of initially waived fees and costs in the same manner as on a judgment in a civil action. The court may issue an abstract of judgment, a writ of execution, or both, for all of the following: (1) Recovery of the initially waived fees and costs as ordered. (2) Fees for issuing the abstract of judgment, writ of execution, or both. (3) A twenty-five-dollar ($25) fee for administering this subdivision. (4) An amount due to levying officers for serving and collecting on the judgment that will all be added to the writ of execution. (b) Upon collection, the initially waived fees and costs, the fees for issuing the abstract of judgment and writ of execution, and the twenty-five-dollar ($25) administrative fee shall be remitted to the court. Thereafter, the amount due to the levying officers for serving and collecting on the judgment shall be paid. (Added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2009. Operative July 1, 2009, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 462.)
  27. 68639.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    An initial fee waiver expires 60 days after the case ends by judgment, dismissal, or another final disposition.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68639. An initial fee waiver shall expire 60 days after the judgment, dismissal, or other final disposition of the case. (Added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2009. Operative July 1, 2009, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 462.)
  28. 68640.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    The Judicial Council may adopt a court rule allowing certain litigants to pay court fees in installments.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68640. The Judicial Council may adopt a rule of court to allow litigants who are not eligible for a fee waiver to pay court fees in installments. (Added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2009. Operative July 1, 2009, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 462.)
  29. 68641.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. )

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    The Judicial Council must adopt rules and forms for uniform procedures to implement this article.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 6. Waiver of Court Fees and Costs [68630 - 68641] ( Article 6 added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. ) ## 68641. The Judicial Council shall adopt rules and forms to establish uniform procedures to implement this article, including, but not limited to, procedures for all of the following: (a) Considering and determining applications to proceed without paying court fees and costs at every stage of the proceedings, including at the trial and appellate levels of the court. (b) Prescribing the court fees and costs that may be waived at every stage of the proceedings. (c) Giving notice of lien and hearings for reconsideration and recovery of initially waived fees and costs. (d) Collecting waived fees and costs. (e) Requesting a hearing when an application is denied. (f) Any other procedures necessary to implement the provisions of this article. (Added by Stats. 2008, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2009. Operative July 1, 2009, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 462.)
  30. 68645.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. )

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    The Judicial Council must develop, phase in, and statewide deploy an online tool for infraction and ability-to-pay determinations. Defendants, their designees, or attorneys may access it upon certification.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. ) ## 68645. The Judicial Council shall develop an online tool for adjudicating infraction violations, including ability-to-pay determinations. The Judicial Council shall implement the tool on a phased schedule and shall make this tool available statewide on or before June 30, 2024. A defendant, a designee of the defendant, or the defendant’s attorney, may, upon certification, access the online tool. A defendant shall not be compelled to use this online tool. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 257, Sec. 9. (AB 177) Effective September 23, 2021.)
  31. 68645.1.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. )

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    A court may let defendants resolve eligible infraction cases by technology, and must immediately send the required certificate to the DMV when certain online plea or bail-forfeiture actions occur.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. ) ## 68645.1. For all infraction violations for which a personal appearance is not required, a court may allow defendants to agree to forfeit bail, plead guilty or nolo contendere, request an ability-to-pay determination, or otherwise adjudicate matters through the use of technology. (a) The date that the defendant agrees to forfeit bail, plead guilty, or plead nolo contendere shall be reported as the date of conviction for all purposes. (b) If a defendant requests an ability-to-pay determination, the matter shall be considered adjudicated for purposes of that determination when the defendant agrees to forfeit bail or pleads guilty or nolo contendere. (c) When a defendant agrees to forfeit bail, plead guilty or nolo contendere through the online tool, or requests an ability-to-pay determination, the defendant has appeared within the meaning of subdivision (a) of former Section 40509 and subdivision (a) of former Section 40509.5 of the Vehicle Code, and the court shall immediately file with the Department of Motor Vehicles the required certificate to recall any failure to appear notifications that have been sent for the citation. (Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 800, Sec. 2. (AB 2746) Effective January 1, 2023.)
  32. 68645.15.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. )

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    A defendant’s request for an online ability-to-pay determination cannot affect eligibility to attend traffic violator school.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. ) ## 68645.15. A defendant’s request for an ability-to-pay determination through the online tool shall not impact their eligibility to attend traffic violator school pursuant to Section 42005 of the Vehicle Code. (Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 191, Sec. 1. (SB 1096) Effective January 1, 2023.)
  33. 68645.2.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. )

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    Courts must offer online ability-to-pay determinations using the Judicial Council tool, and they cannot charge an administrative fee for requesting one or joining an installment plan.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. ) ## 68645.2. (a) By June 30, 2024, every court shall offer online ability-to-pay determinations using the tool developed by the Judicial Council. The following shall apply to ability-to-pay determinations made pursuant to this article: (1) The defendant has the burden of establishing the inability to pay. Courts shall establish criteria for the determination of an inability to pay, and, in doing so, shall consider certain factors including, at a minimum, all of the following: (A) Receipt of any of the public benefits listed in subdivision (a) of Section 68632. (B) A monthly income of 125 percent or less of the current poverty guidelines, as updated periodically in the Federal Register by the United States Department of Health and Human Services pursuant to Section 9902 of Title 42 of the United States Code. (2) The court has discretion to make an order consistent with the defendant’s present and reasonably discernible future financial circumstances. Except as provided for in paragraph (4), the court is not required to make express findings as to the factors bearing on the determination or the amount it orders payable by the defendant. (3) Based on any ability-to-pay determination, a court may do any of the following: (A) Waive or reduce the sum of the total amount due for an infraction violation. Notwithstanding any other law, if the total amount due is reduced, the revenues collected shall be distributed on a pro rata basis. (B) Extend the time for payment or provide for payment on an installment plan, including those amounts due after any reduction under subparagraph (A). (C) Allow the defendant to complete community service in lieu of the total amount due. If a defendant qualifies for a reduction in the total amount due, the court may allow the defendant to complete the community service in lieu of the payment on the reduced amount. (D) Suspend the total amount due in whole or in part. (E) Offer an alternative disposition. (4) The online tool shall recommend a reduction of 50 percent or more of the total amount due for all defendants who are in receipt of benefits described in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1). The court shall make express findings if it deviates from the online tool recommendation by ordering a defendant to pay an amount greater than the recommendation pursuant to this paragraph. (5) The online tool shall recommend a payment of no more than twenty-five dollars ($25) per month for a defendant who is eligible for a reduction pursuant to paragraph (3) and requests an installment plan. (6) For purposes of this section, the “total amount due” is the sum of the base fine, penalty assessments, civil assessments, and fees, including mandatory fees, owed and unpaid by the defendant. (7) As feasible, courts shall notify defendants of the result of the ability-to-pay determination within 30 days. (8) A defendant is not required to submit bail or pay any fines or fees prior to an ability-to-pay determination. (9) A court or county shall not charge an administrative fee to an individual for requesting an ability-to-pay determination or participating in an installment payment plan, on a nondelinquent or delinquent account, ordered pursuant to this chapter. (10) A court or county may recover costs associated with the administration of all installment payment plans ordered under this chapter through a comprehensive collection program pursuant to subdivision (d) of Section 1463.007 of the Penal Code. Recovered costs shall not exceed thirty-five dollars ($35) per nondelinquent installment plan approved. (b) If a court is using the online tool, paragraphs (1) to (3), inclusive, and paragraphs (6) to (10), inclusive, of subdivision (a) apply to all ability-to-pay determinations conducted through means other than the online tool, which includes paper submissions or in-person applications. When an ability-to-pay determination is made through means other than the online tool, the court shall follow the recommendations stated in paragraphs (4) and (5) of subdivision (a), but may deviate from the recommendation in paragraph (4) of subdivision (a), as provided therein. (c) The online tool shall provide information in English, Spanish, and any other languages the Judicial Council chooses. (d) This section does not preclude a court that has not yet adopted online ability-to-pay determinations from adopting procedures or local rules in accordance with this section, unless the Judicial Council adopts rules of court or forms for purposes of this section. (Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 131, Sec. 100. (AB 1754) Effective January 1, 2024.)
  34. 68645.3.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. )

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    Courts may let an online tool verify a defendant’s public benefits, but only with the defendant’s consent.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. ) ## 68645.3. (a) A court may allow the online tool to electronically verify through encrypted transmittal whether the defendant receives public benefits, defined as any of the public benefits listed in subdivision (a) of Section 68632, by accessing a statewide, county, or other political subdivision of the state database, including the State Department of Social Services. (b) The court shall obtain the defendant’s consent before the online application may electronically verify benefits. (c) The online application process shall inform the defendant of all of the following information: (1) A defendant has the burden of establishing the defendant’s inability to pay. (2) The online verification is one of the possible means of substantiating the inability to pay. (3) Other accepted means of verifying inability to pay. (4) A defendant may upload other evidence in addition to or in lieu of the verification results. (d) If the court is unable to verify that a defendant receives benefits as described in this section, the defendant may submit other evidence of an inability to pay to the court. (e) Each court, by adopting a local rule, may authorize the clerk of the court to make ability-to-pay determinations. If a court authorizes the clerk of the court to make those determinations, both of the following apply: (1) The determinations shall be based on specified criteria as established by the court and posted on its internet website. The criteria may include whether the defendant is receiving public benefits, including those listed in subdivision (a) of Section 68632. The court may establish criteria that waive or reduce the sum of the base fine, penalty assessments, civil assessments, and fees, including mandatory fees, owed by the defendant, by a specified amount, by a specified percentage, or by other specified criteria. (2) If the clerk of the court denies the reduction, the defendant has the right to a review of the decision by a judicial officer in the trial court. (Added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. (AB 143) Effective July 16, 2021.)
  35. 68645.4.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. )

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    A court may offer online trials for eligible infractions, and if it does, defendants must elect that option before the appearance date unless extended. The court generally cannot require advance bail, and the defendant loses the right to a trial de novo for an online-trial election.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. ) ## 68645.4. (a) A court may offer trials by declaration through an online tool for all infractions for which a personal appearance is not required. If a court offers online trials pursuant to this section, all of the following shall apply, notwithstanding Section 40902 of the Vehicle Code: (1) A defendant shall elect to have an online trial prior to the appearance date indicated on the notice to appear, unless the court grants the defendant an extension, or the court permits the defendant to have a trial at a later date. (2) If a defendant elects to have a trial through the online tool pursuant to this section, the court shall not require the defendant to submit bail in advance, unless the court makes express findings as to why a particular defendant shall be required to submit bail. (3) Testimony and other relevant evidence may be introduced in the form of a notice to appear, a business record or receipt, a sworn declaration of the arresting officer, and a sworn declaration by the defendant. (4) If a defendant elects to have a trial through the online tool pursuant to this section, the defendant shall not have a right to a trial de novo. (b) If a court elects to offer online trials pursuant to this section, it shall also make trials by written declaration available to defendants, and paragraphs (1) to (4), inclusive, of subdivision (a) shall apply to all trials by written declaration. (c) A court may adopt local rules or forms to be consistent with this section, and the rules and forms shall govern proceedings pursuant to this section unless the Judicial Council adopts rules of court or forms for purposes of this article. (Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 57, Sec. 8. (AB 199) Effective June 30, 2022.)
  36. 68645.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. )

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    The Judicial Council must report to the Legislature on ability-to-pay determinations for infraction violations on a set schedule, and include specified data from participating courts.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. ) ## 68645.5. (a) No later than February 1, 2022, and annually until February 1, 2025, the Judicial Council shall provide to the Legislature a report including the following information from participating courts that have adopted online ability-to-pay determinations for infraction violations: (1) Total number of infraction filings. (2) Total number of ability-to-pay requests made through: (A) The online tool. (B) Other locally established ability-to-pay procedures. (3) Demographic information on defendants using the online tool as reported by the defendant, including but not limited to, income level, public benefits status, race or ethnicity or both, when feasible, and ZIP Code. (4) The total amount of initial fines and fees assessed for individuals making ability-to-pay requests. (5) The total amount of adjusted fines and fees recommended by the online tool. (6) The total amount of fines and fees ordered through: (A) The online tool. (B) Other locally established ability-to-pay procedures. (7) Of the total amount of fines and fees ordered, the total amount collected from: (A) Online requests. (B) Requests via locally established ability-to-pay procedures. (8) The number of payment plans ordered through the online tool. (9) The number of online trials by declaration conducted in participating courts. (b) The Judicial Council shall submit the report required pursuant to subdivision (a) in compliance with Section 9795. (c) In the report due to the Legislature on February 1, 2023, and in addition to the information required in subdivision (a), the Judicial Council shall provide information on the first seven pilot courts, including implementation challenges, the overall effectiveness of the programs in these courts, and how those pilots informed the implementation in subsequent courts. (Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 57, Sec. 9. (AB 199) Effective June 30, 2022.)
  37. 68645.7.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. )

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    The Department of Finance and the Judicial Council must estimate and manage funding for the ability-to-pay program, and trial courts must provide required data to the Judicial Council.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2. The Judicial Council [68500 - 68645.7] ( Chapter 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Ability to Pay Program [68645 - 68645.7] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. ) ## 68645.7. (a) On or before January 10 of each year, the Department of Finance, in consultation with the Judicial Council, shall estimate the level of funding needed to backfill the judicial branch for the amount reduced based upon the ability-to-pay determinations granted to defendants pursuant to this article. The estimate shall be developed by the Department of Finance, in conjunction with the Judicial Council, and based on the data provided to the Judicial Council by the trial courts as required in subdivision (b). The Department of Finance shall distribute the funds to the judicial branch appropriated for that purpose in the annual Budget Act or any other act approved by the Legislature. The department shall publish its estimate and transmit it to the Legislature at the time of the submission of the Governor’s Budget pursuant to Section 12 of Article IV of the California Constitution. (b) The Judicial Council shall collect data from the trial courts necessary to request funding from the Department of Finance for the purposes of subdivision (a). Only trial courts that provide data in accordance with the method required by the Judicial Council are eligible for this funding. (Added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 8. (AB 143) Effective July 16, 2021.)
  38. 68650.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.1. Civil Legal Representation [68650 - 68651] ( Chapter 2.1 added by Stats. 2009, Ch. 457, Sec. 6. )

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    This chapter is known as the Sargent Shriver Civil Counsel Act and may be cited by that name.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.1. Civil Legal Representation [68650 - 68651] ( Chapter 2.1 added by Stats. 2009, Ch. 457, Sec. 6. ) ## 68650. This chapter shall be known, and may be cited, as the Sargent Shriver Civil Counsel Act. (Added by Stats. 2009, Ch. 457, Sec. 6. (AB 590) Effective January 1, 2010.)
  39. 68651.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.1. Civil Legal Representation [68650 - 68651] ( Chapter 2.1 added by Stats. 2009, Ch. 457, Sec. 6. )

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    The Judicial Council must create and fund court programs that provide counsel in certain civil cases for eligible low-income people, and it may accept donations for those grants.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.1. Civil Legal Representation [68650 - 68651] ( Chapter 2.1 added by Stats. 2009, Ch. 457, Sec. 6. ) ## 68651. (a) Legal counsel shall be appointed to represent low-income parties in civil matters involving critical issues affecting basic human needs in those specified courts selected by the Judicial Council as provided in this section. (b) (1) Subject to funding specifically provided for this purpose pursuant to subdivision (e) of Section 70626 and donations provided pursuant to subdivision (e), the Judicial Council shall develop one or more programs in selected courts pursuant to a competitive grant process and a request for proposals. Programs authorized under this section shall provide representation of counsel for low-income persons, regardless of their citizenship or immigration status, who require legal services in civil matters involving housing-related matters, domestic violence and civil harassment restraining orders, probate conservatorships, guardianships of the person, elder abuse, or actions by a parent to obtain legal or physical custody of a child, as well as providing court procedures, personnel, training, and case management and administration methods that reflect best practices to ensure unrepresented parties in those cases have meaningful access to justice, and to gather information on the outcomes associated with providing these services, to guard against the involuntary waiver of those rights or their disposition by default. These programs should be designed to address the substantial inequities in timely and effective access to justice that often give rise to an undue risk of erroneous decision because of the nature and complexity of the law and the proceeding or disparities between the parties in education, sophistication, language proficiency, legal representation, access to self-help, and alternative dispute resolution services. In order to ensure that the scarce funds available for the programs are used to serve the most critical cases and the parties least able to access the courts without representation, eligibility for representation shall be limited to clients whose household income falls at or below 200 percent of the federal poverty level. Programs shall impose asset limitations consistent with their existing practices in order to ensure optimal use of funds. (2) (A) In light of the significant percentage of parties who are unrepresented in family law matters, proposals to provide counsel in child custody cases should be considered among the highest priorities for funding. (B) Up to 20 percent of available funds shall be directed to programs regarding civil matters involving actions under the Family Code, subject to the priority set forth in subparagraph (A). This subparagraph shall not apply to distributions made pursuant to paragraph (3). (3) Amounts collected pursuant to subdivision (e) of Section 70626 in excess of the total amount transferred to the Trial Court Trust Fund in the 2011–12 fiscal year pursuant to subparagraph (E) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 68085.1 and subdivision (e) of Section 70626 shall be distributed by the Judicial Council without regard to subparagraph (B) of paragraph (2). Those amounts may be distributed by the Judicial Council as set forth in this subdivision. If the funds are to be distributed to new programs, the Judicial Council shall distribute those amounts pursuant to the process set forth in this subdivision. (4) Each program shall be a partnership between the court, a qualified legal services project, as defined by subdivision (a) of Section 6213 of the Business and Professions Code, that shall serve as the lead agency for case assessment and direction, and other legal services providers in the community who are able to provide the services for the program. The lead legal services agency shall be the central point of contact for receipt of referrals to the program and to make determinations of eligibility based on uniform criteria. The lead legal services agency shall be responsible for providing representation to the clients or referring the matter to one of the organizations or individual providers with whom the lead legal services agency contracts to provide the service. Funds received by a qualified legal services project shall not qualify as expenditures for the purposes of the distribution of funds pursuant to Section 6216 of the Business and Professions Code. To the extent practical, the lead legal services agency shall identify and make use of pro bono services in order to maximize available services efficiently and economically. Recognizing that not all indigent parties can be afforded representation, even when they have meritorious cases, the court partner shall, as a corollary to the services provided by the lead legal services agency, be responsible for providing procedures, personnel, training, and case management and administration practices that reflect best practices to ensure unrepresented parties meaningful access to justice and to guard against the involuntary waiver of rights, as well as to encourage fair and expeditious voluntary dispute resolution, consistent with principles of judicial neutrality. (5) The participating programs shall be selected by a committee appointed by the Judicial Council with representation from key stakeholder groups, including judicial officers, legal services providers, and others, as appropriate. The committee shall assess the applicants’ capacity for success, innovation, and efficiency, including, but not limited to, the likelihood that the program would deliver quality representation in an effective manner that would meet critical needs in the community and address the needs of the court with regard to access to justice and calendar management, and the unique local unmet needs for representation in the community. Programs approved pursuant to this section shall initially be authorized for a three-year period, commencing July 1, 2011, subject to renewal for a period to be determined by the Judicial Council, in consultation with the participating program in light of the program’s capacity and success. After the initial three-year period, the Judicial Council shall distribute any future funds available as the result of the termination or nonrenewal of a program pursuant to the process set forth in this subdivision. Programs shall be selected on the basis of whether, in the cases proposed for service, the persons to be assisted are likely to be opposed by a party who is represented by counsel. The Judicial Council shall also consider the following factors in selecting the programs: (A) The likelihood that representation in the proposed case type tends to affect whether a party prevails or otherwise obtains a significantly more favorable outcome in a matter in which they would otherwise frequently have judgment entered against them or suffer the deprivation of the basic human need at issue. (B) The likelihood of reducing the risk of erroneous decision. (C) The nature and severity of potential consequences for the unrepresented party regarding the basic human need at stake if representation is not provided. (D) Whether the provision of legal services may eliminate or reduce the potential need for, and cost of, public social services regarding the basic human need at stake for the client and others in the client’s household. (E) The unmet need for legal services in the geographic area to be served. (F) The availability and effectiveness of other types of court services, such as self-help. (G) (i) The program’s plan for providing service to all potential clients regardless of immigration status. (ii) When renewing grants for existing programs whose lead legal services agency is prohibited from serving certain persons on account of their citizenship or immigration status, the Judicial Council shall encourage the programs to explore ways to expand access to legal services for those persons, including potential opportunities for the lead legal services agency to contract with organizations or individual providers that are not subject to the same prohibition and to include them as a member of the local advisory committee. (iii) When selecting among new program proposals, the Judicial Council shall give additional consideration to programs that propose to establish or assist in the development of program elements that would newly provide access to legal services regardless of immigration status in that region. (6) Each applicant shall do all of the following: (A) Identify the nature of the partnership between the court, the lead legal services agency, and the other agencies or other providers that would work within the program. (B) Describe the referral protocols to be used, the criteria that would be employed in case assessment, why those cases were selected, the manner to address conflicts without violating attorney-client privilege when adverse parties are seeking representation through the program, and the means for serving potential clients who need assistance with English. (C) Describe how the program would be administered, including how the data collection requirements would be met without causing an undue burden on the courts, clients, or the providers, the particular objectives of the project, strategies to evaluate their success in meeting those objectives, and the means by which the program would serve the particular needs of the community, including how the program will provide representation to limited-English-speaking clients as well as whether and how the program will ensure that services are available to all individuals seeking services regardless of immigration status. (7) To ensure the most effective use of the funding available, the lead legal services agency shall serve as a hub for all referrals, and the point at which decisions are made about which referrals will be served and by whom. Referrals shall emanate from the court, as well as from the other agencies providing services through the program, and shall be directed to the lead legal services agency for review. That agency, or another agency or attorney in the event of conflict, shall collect the information necessary to assess whether the case should be served. In performing that case assessment, the agency shall determine the relative need for representation of the litigant, including all of the following: (A) Case complexity. (B) Whether the other party is represented. (C) The adversarial nature of the proceeding. (D) The availability and effectiveness of other types of services, such as self-help, in light of the potential client and the nature of the case. (E) Language issues. (F) Disability access issues. (G) Literacy issues. (H) The merits of the case. (I) The nature and severity of potential consequences for the potential client if representation is not provided. (J) Whether the provision of legal services may eliminate or reduce the need for, and cost of, public social services for the potential client and others in the potential client’s household. (8) If both parties to a dispute are financially eligible for representation, each proposal shall ensure that representation for both sides is evaluated. In these and other cases in which conflict issues arise, the lead legal services agency shall have referral protocols with other agencies and providers, such as a private attorney panel, to address those conflicts. (9) Each program shall be responsible for keeping records on the referrals accepted and those not accepted for representation, and the reasons for each, in a manner that does not violate privileged communications between the agency and the prospective client. Each program shall be provided with standardized data collection tools and shall be required to track case information for each referral to allow the evaluation to measure the number of cases served, the level of service required, and the outcomes for the clients in each case. In addition to this information on the effect of the representation on the clients, data shall be collected regarding the outcomes for the trial courts. (10) A local advisory committee shall be formed for each program, to include representatives of the bench and court administration, the lead legal services agency, and the other agencies or providers that are part of the local program team. The role of the advisory committee is to facilitate the administration of the local program and to ensure that the program is fulfilling its objectives. In addition, the committee shall resolve any issues that arise during the course of the program, including issues concerning case eligibility, and recommend changes in program administration in response to implementation challenges. The committee shall meet at least monthly for the first six months of the program, and no less than quarterly for the duration of the funding period. Each authorized program shall catalog changes to the program made during the three-year period based on its experiences with best practices in serving the eligible population. (c) The Judicial Council shall conduct a study to demonstrate the effectiveness and continued need for the programs established pursuant to this section and shall report its findings and recommendations to the Governor and the Legislature every five years, commencing June 1, 2020. The study shall report on the percentage of funding by case type and shall include data on the impact of counsel on equal access to justice and the effect on court administration and efficiency, and enhanced coordination between courts and other government service providers and community resources. This report shall describe the benefits of providing representation to those who were previously not represented, both for the clients and the courts, as well as strategies and recommendations for maximizing the benefit of that representation in the future. The report shall describe and include data, if available, on the impact of the programs on families and children. The report also shall include an assessment of the continuing unmet needs and, if available, data regarding those unmet needs. (d) This section does not negate, alter, or limit any right to counsel in a criminal or civil action or proceeding otherwise provided by state or federal law. (e) The Judicial Council may accept donations from public or private entities for the purpose of providing grants pursuant to this section. (Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 486, Sec. 1. (AB 2193) Effective January 1, 2023.)
  40. 68660.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. )

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    This section defines “center” and “board” for this chapter.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. ) ## 68660. As used in this chapter, “center” means the California Habeas Corpus Resource Center, and “board” means the board of directors of the center. (Amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 853, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 2000.)
  41. 68660.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. )

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    This chapter states its purposes and says it must be interpreted and administered consistently with them.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. ) ## 68660.5. The purposes of this chapter are to qualify the State of California for the handling of federal habeas corpus petitions under Chapter 154 of Title 28 of the United States Code, to expedite the completion of state habeas corpus proceedings in capital cases, and to provide quality representation in state habeas corpus for inmates sentenced to death. This chapter shall be construed and administered consistently with those purposes. (Added November 8, 2016, by initiative Proposition 66, Sec. 13.)
  42. 68661.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. )

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    The California Habeas Corpus Resource Center is created and given powers and duties to staff, support, and report on habeas corpus representation in capital cases.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. ) ## 68661. There is hereby created in the judicial branch of state government the California Habeas Corpus Resource Center, which shall have all of the following general powers and duties: (a) To employ up to 34 attorneys who may be appointed pursuant to Section 68662 to represent any person convicted and sentenced to death in this state who is without counsel, and who is determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be indigent, for the purpose of instituting and prosecuting habeas corpus petitions in the state and federal courts, challenging the legality of the judgment or sentence imposed against that person, subject to the limitations in Section 68661.1, and preparing petitions for executive clemency. Any such appointment may be concurrent with the appointment of the State Public Defender or other counsel for purposes of direct appeal under Section 11 of Article VI of the California Constitution. (b) To seek reimbursement for representation and expenses pursuant to Section 3006A of Title 18 of the United States Code when providing representation to indigent persons in the federal courts and process those payments via the Federal Trust Fund. (c) To work with the courts in recruiting members of the private bar to accept death penalty habeas corpus case appointments. (d) To recommend attorneys to the Supreme Court for inclusion in a roster of attorneys qualified as counsel in habeas corpus proceedings in capital cases, provided that the final determination of whether to include an attorney in the roster shall be made by the Supreme Court and not delegated to the center. (e) To establish and periodically update a roster of experienced investigators and experts who are qualified to assist counsel in habeas corpus proceedings in capital cases. (f) To employ investigators and experts as staff to provide services to appointed counsel upon request of counsel, provided that when the provision of those services is to private counsel, those services shall be pursuant to contract between appointed counsel and the center. (g) To provide legal or other advice to appointed counsel in habeas corpus proceedings as is appropriate when not prohibited by law. (h) To develop a brief bank of pleadings and related materials on significant, recurring issues that arise in habeas corpus proceedings in capital cases and to make those briefs available to appointed counsel. (i) To evaluate cases and recommend assignment by the court of appropriate attorneys. (j) To provide assistance and case progress monitoring as needed. (k) To timely review case billings and recommend compensation of members of the private bar to the court. (l) The center shall report annually to the people, the Legislature, the Governor, and the Supreme Court on the status of the appointment of counsel for indigent persons in habeas corpus capital cases, and on the operations of the center. The report shall list all cases in which the center is providing representation. For each case that has been pending more than one year in any court, the report shall state the reason for the delay and the actions the center is taking to bring the case to completion. (Amended November 8, 2016, by initiative Proposition 66, Sec. 14.)
  43. 68661.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. )

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    The center’s attorneys may represent certain indigent people sentenced to life without parole who were previously sentenced to death, and the center may also be appointed to represent a person for related purposes.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. ) ## 68661.5. (a) Attorneys employed by the center pursuant to Section 68661 may also represent any person sentenced to life without the possibility of parole in this state who was previously sentenced to death and who is determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be indigent. Representation of a person sentenced to life without the possibility of parole may be for the purpose of instituting and prosecuting habeas corpus petitions in the state and federal courts, challenging the legality of the judgment or sentence imposed against that person, subject to the limitations in Section 68661.1, and preparing petitions for executive clemency. Any such appointment may be concurrent with the appointment of the State Public Defender or other counsel for purposes of direct appeal. (b) The center may be appointed to represent a person pursuant to this section for the purpose of enabling the center’s attorneys to meet the qualifications for representation of death-sentenced persons pursuant to Rule 8.652 of the California Rules of Court, and to facilitate appointments pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 68661. (c) This section shall become inoperative on July 1, 2029, and, as of January 1, 2030, is repealed. (Added by Stats. 2024, Ch. 51, Sec. 8. (AB 170) Effective July 2, 2024. Inoperative July 1, 2029, by its own provisions. Repealed as of January 1, 2030, by its own provisions.)
  44. 68662.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. )

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    The superior court must offer to appoint counsel for a state prisoner under a capital sentence and then issue one of the listed orders.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. ) ## 68662. The superior court that imposed the sentence shall offer to appoint counsel to represent a state prisoner subject to a capital sentence for purposes of state postconviction proceedings, and shall enter an order containing one of the following: (a) The appointment of one or more counsel to represent the prisoner in proceedings pursuant to Section 1509 of the Penal Code upon a finding that the person is indigent and has accepted the offer to appoint counsel or is unable to competently decide whether to accept or reject that offer. (b) A finding, after a hearing if necessary, that the prisoner rejected the offer to appoint counsel and made that decision with full understanding of the legal consequences of the decision. (c) The denial to appoint counsel upon a finding that the person is not indigent. (Amended November 8, 2016, by initiative Proposition 66, Sec. 16.)
  45. 68663.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. )

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    Appointed counsel in capital postconviction proceedings may not have previously represented the prisoner at trial or on direct appeal, unless the prisoner and counsel expressly request continued representation.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. ) ## 68663. No counsel appointed to represent a state prisoner under capital sentence in state postconviction proceedings shall have previously represented the prisoner at trial or on direct appeal in the case for which the appointment is made, unless the prisoner and counsel expressly requests continued representation. (Added by renumbering Section 68653 (as added by Stats. 1997, Ch. 869, Sec. 3) by Stats. 1998, Ch. 485, Sec. 98. Effective January 1, 1999.)
  46. 68664.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. )

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    The center must be managed by an executive director, who is chosen by and serves at the will of the Supreme Court.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. ) ## 68664. (a) The center shall be managed by an executive director who shall be responsible for the day-to-day operations of the center. (b) The executive director shall be chosen by the Supreme Court. The executive director shall serve at the will of the Supreme Court. (c) The executive director shall ensure that all matters in which the center provides representation are completed as expeditiously as possible consistent with effective representation. (d) The executive director shall meet the appointment qualifications of the State Public Defender as specified in Section 15400. (e) The executive director shall receive the salary that shall be specified for the State Public Defender in Chapter 6 (commencing with Section 11550) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2. All other attorneys employed by the center shall be compensated at the same level as comparable positions in the Office of the State Public Defender. (Amended November 8, 2016, by initiative Proposition 66, Sec. 17.)
  47. 68665.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. )

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    The Judicial Council and the Supreme Court must adopt mandatory competency standards for appointing counsel in death penalty direct appeals and habeas corpus proceedings, and must review them as needed.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. ) ## 68665. (a) The Judicial Council and the Supreme Court shall adopt, by rule of court, binding and mandatory competency standards for the appointment of counsel in death penalty direct appeals and habeas corpus proceedings, and they shall reevaluate the standards as needed to ensure that they meet the criteria in subdivision (b). (b) In establishing and reevaluating the standards, the Judicial Council and the Supreme Court shall consider the qualifications needed to achieve competent representation, the need to avoid unduly restricting the available pool of attorneys so as to provide timely appointment, and the standards needed to qualify for Chapter 154 of Title 28 of the United States Code. Experience requirements shall not be limited to defense experience. (Amended November 8, 2016, by initiative Proposition 66, Sec. 18.)
  48. 68666.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. )

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    The Supreme Court may pay counsel for certain death-penalty appeals and related postconviction proceedings, set expense limits up to $50,000, and the section says flat-fee hiring is not prohibited.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.3. California Habeas Corpus Resource Center [68660 - 68666] ( Heading of Chapter 2.3 amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 69, Sec. 14. ) ## 68666. (a) The Supreme Court may compensate counsel representing indigent defendants in automatic appeals arising out of a judgment of death or for state postconviction proceedings in those cases, at a rate of at least one hundred twenty-five dollars ($125) per allowable hour, as defined by the court’s Payment Guidelines for Appointed Counsel Representing Indigent Criminal Appellants. However, nothing in this section is intended to prohibit the hiring of counsel under a flat-fee arrangement. (b) The Supreme Court may set a guideline limitation on investigative and other expenses allowable for counsel to adequately investigate and present collateral claims of up to fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) without an order to show cause. (c) It is the intent of the Legislature that payments to appointed counsel be made within 60 days of submission of a billing. (Amended by Stats. 2007, Ch. 738, Sec. 21. Effective January 1, 2008.)
  49. 68701.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68701 - 68704] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

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    This section defines “commission,” “masters,” and “judge” for this chapter.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68701 - 68704] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68701. As used in this chapter, “commission” means the Commission on Judicial Performance provided for in Section 8 of Article VI of the Constitution, “masters” means special masters appointed by the Supreme Court pursuant to rules adopted by the Judicial Council, and “judge” means a judge who is the subject of an investigation or proceeding under Section 18 of Article VI of the Constitution. (Amended by Stats. 1982, Ch. 454, Sec. 81.)
  50. 68701.1.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68701 - 68704] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

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    The commission must take all reasonable steps to determine the existence or extent of alleged judicial misconduct.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68701 - 68704] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68701.1. In order to protect the public, enforce rigorous standards of judicial conduct, and maintain public confidence in the integrity and independence of the judicial system, the commission shall take all reasonable steps to determine the existence or extent of alleged judicial misconduct. (Added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 9. (AB 143) Effective July 16, 2021.)
  51. 68701.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68701 - 68704] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

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    The Commission on Judicial Performance may investigate retired judges serving on senior judge status and may end that status for incapacity or failure to perform duties.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68701 - 68704] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68701.5. Notwithstanding Section 68701, the Commission on Judicial Performance may investigate the conduct or performance of any retired judge serving on senior judge status pursuant to rules adopted by the Judicial Council. The commission also shall have the power to order a retired judge’s senior judge status terminated for incapacity or any failure to carry out the duties of the office, but in no instance shall the salary together with any Judges’ Retirement Law allowance paid for service or disability in any year exceed 100 percent of the current salary of the judge’s office from which the retired judge retired. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 10. (AB 143) Effective July 16, 2021.)
  52. 68702.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68701 - 68704] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

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    The commission may hire staff, experts, reporters, witnesses, and special counsel, and pay necessary expenses. If the commission asks, the Attorney General must act as its counsel.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68701 - 68704] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68702. The commission may employ such officers, assistants, and other employees as it deems necessary for the performance of the duties and exercise of the powers conferred upon the commission and upon the masters, may arrange for and compensate medical and other experts and reporters, may arrange for attendance of witnesses, including witnesses not subject to subpena, and may pay from funds available to it all expenses reasonably necessary for effectuating the purposes of Section 8 and Section 18 of Article VI of the Constitution, whether or not specifically enumerated herein. The Attorney General shall, if requested by the commission, act as its counsel generally or in any particular investigation or proceeding. The commission may employ special counsel from time to time when it deems such employment necessary. (Amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17.)
  53. 68703.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68701 - 68704] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

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    Commission members and masters may be reimbursed for necessary travel, board, and lodging expenses when incurred in performing their duties.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68701 - 68704] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68703. Each member of the commission and each master shall be allowed their necessary expenses for travel, board, and lodging incurred in the performance of their duties. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 11. (AB 143) Effective July 16, 2021.)
  54. 68704.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68701 - 68704] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

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    The commission’s acts are valid only if a majority of its members concur, and the commission must choose one of its members to be chairperson.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68701 - 68704] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68704. No act of the commission shall be valid unless concurred in by a majority of its members. The commission shall select one of its members to serve as chairperson. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 12. (AB 143) Effective July 16, 2021.)
  55. 68725.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Co-operation of Public Officers and Agencies [68725 - 68726] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

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    Certain California public bodies, officers, employees, and court officials must cooperate with the commission and give reasonable assistance and information for investigations or proceedings within the commission’s jurisdiction.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Co-operation of Public Officers and Agencies [68725 - 68726] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68725. State and local public bodies and departments, officers and employees thereof, and officials and attaches of the courts of this State shall co-operate with and give reasonable assistance and information to the commission and any authorized representative thereof, in connection with any investigations or proceedings within the jurisdiction of the commission. (Added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564.)
  56. 68726.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Co-operation of Public Officers and Agencies [68725 - 68726] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

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    County sheriffs and marshals must, when requested, serve process and carry out the commission’s lawful orders.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Co-operation of Public Officers and Agencies [68725 - 68726] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68726. It shall be the duty of the sheriffs and marshals in the several counties, upon request of the commission or its authorized representative, to serve process and execute all lawful orders of the commission. (Amended by Stats. 1996, Ch. 872, Sec. 69. Effective January 1, 1997.)
  57. 68750.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

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    The commission, the masters, and in some cases a commission member or master may administer oaths, inspect books and records, and issue subpoenas during investigations and formal proceedings.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68750. In the conduct of investigations and formal proceedings, the commission or the masters may (a) administer oaths; (b) order and otherwise provide for the inspection of books and records; and (c) issue subpoenas for the attendance of witnesses and the production of papers, books, accounts, documents and testimony relevant to any such investigation or formal proceeding. The power to administer oaths, to issue subpoenas, or to make orders for or concerning the inspection of books and records may be exercised by a member of the commission or a master, unless the commission shall otherwise determine. (Added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564.)
  58. 68751.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

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    A person does not have to attend as a witness in an investigation or proceeding under this chapter unless they are a resident of the state when served.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68751. In any investigation or formal proceeding in any part of the State, the process extends to all parts of the State. A person is not obliged to attend as a witness in any investigation or proceeding under this chapter unless the person is a resident within the state at the time of service. (Amended by Stats. 1981, Ch. 792, Sec. 1.)
  59. 68752.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

    Verify source ↗

    If someone ignores a subpoena, the commission or masters may ask the superior court to compel compliance, and the court must order appearance, testimony, or production.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68752. If any person refuses to attend or testify or produce any writings or things required by any subpoena, the commission or the masters may petition the superior court for the county in which the hearing is pending for an order compelling the person to attend and testify or produce the writings or things required by the subpoena before the commission or the masters. The court shall order the person to appear before it at a specified time and place and then and there show cause why the person has not attended or testified or produced the writings or things as required. A copy of the order shall be served upon the person. If it appears to the court that the subpoena was regularly issued, the court shall order the person to appear before the commission or the masters at the time and place fixed in the order and testify or produce the required writings or things. Upon failure to obey the order, the person shall be dealt with as for contempt of court. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 13. (AB 143) Effective July 16, 2021.)
  60. 68753.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

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    The commission or masters may order a deposition in a pending investigation or formal proceeding, and the court process for petition, order, subpoena, and return must follow the section’s stated steps.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68753. In any pending investigation or formal proceeding, the commission or the masters may order the deposition of a person residing within or without the state to be taken in such form and subject to such limitations as may be prescribed in the order. If the judge and counsel for the commission do not stipulate as to the manner of taking the deposition, either the judge or counsel may file in the superior court a petition entitled “In the Matter of Proceeding of Commission on Judicial Performance No. ________ (state number),” and stating generally, without identifying the judge, the nature of the pending matter, the name and residence of the person whose testimony is desired, and, directions, if any, of the commission or masters, asking that an order be made requiring that person to appear and testify before a designated officer. Upon the filing of the petition, the court may make an order requiring that person to appear and testify. A subpoena for the deposition shall be issued by the clerk and the deposition shall be taken and returned, in the manner prescribed by law for depositions in civil actions. If the deposition is that of a person residing or present within this state, the petition shall be filed in the superior court of the county in which the person resides or is present; otherwise in the superior court of any county in which the commission maintains an office. (Amended by Stats. 1982, Ch. 454, Sec. 82.)
  61. 68754.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

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    Most witnesses are entitled to the same attendance fees and mileage as witnesses in civil cases, and the commission must pay those amounts from funds appropriated for its use.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68754. Each witness, other than an officer or employee of the state or a political subdivision or an officer or employee of a court of the state, shall receive for their attendance the same fees and all witnesses shall receive the same mileage allowed by law to a witness in civil cases. The amounts shall be paid by the commission from funds appropriated for the use of the commission. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 14. (AB 143) Effective July 16, 2021.)
  62. 68755.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

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    Costs may not be awarded in proceedings before the commission, masters, or the Supreme Court.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68755. No award of costs shall be made in any proceeding before the commission, masters, or Supreme Court. (Added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564.)
  63. 68756.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. )

    Verify source ↗

    The commission can obtain relevant nonpublic court records for judicial performance matters, and the court must process requests, disclosure petitions, notice, objections, and protective orders under specified deadlines.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Investigations and Hearings [68750 - 68756] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 564. ) ## 68756. (a) Notwithstanding any other law, the commission shall be given access, on an ex parte basis, to all nonpublic records of court proceedings, including confidential sealed records and transcripts, relevant to the performance of any judge, former judge, or subordinate judicial officer (hereafter, collectively, judicial officer) within the commission’s jurisdiction under Sections 18 and 18.1 of Article VI of the Constitution. The commission shall make a written request to the court in which the proceedings occurred. The court shall file the request under seal. Access to the requested records shall be provided within 15 days of the written request. (b) (1) If the commission or the judicial officer who is the subject of the commission’s investigation or proceeding intends to publicly disclose any nonpublic records or information obtained pursuant to subdivision (a), the commission or judicial officer shall petition the court that granted access to the records or another court that has jurisdiction, for authorization to disclose. The petition, filed under seal, shall identify the records or information to be disclosed and the reason for disclosure. To the extent that it does not unduly lessen the evidentiary value of the records or otherwise defeat the purpose of disclosure, the petitioner shall redact from the records names and other identifying information. (2) The court shall grant the petition if it determines that there is good cause for disclosure. The court may issue protective orders, including further redaction of names or other identifying information, to the extent that they do not unduly lessen the evidentiary value of the records or otherwise defeat the purpose of disclosure. Within 15 days after the filing of a petition, the court may order the petitioner to give notice of the intended disclosure to any person who may be adversely affected by the disclosure. Any person who has been provided notice pursuant to this section may, within 20 days of service of the notice, file an objection to the intended disclosure with the court and serve the objection on the petitioner. (3) The court shall grant or deny the petition in whole or in part, stating its reasons therefore, within 15 days of a timely objection, or the expiration of time for filing an objection if no objection is filed, or within 15 days of the filing of the petition for which no notice is required. (c) Access to, and disclosure of, records under this section shall not be limited by any court order sealing those records. (d) Persons entitled to file an objection to the intended disclosure shall not include the judge, former judge, or subordinate judicial officer who is the subject of the commission’s investigation or disciplinary proceedings, unless the judge, former judge, or subordinate judicial officer was a party or parent, guardian, or conservator of a party in the underlying action. A request or petition filed under this section shall not be considered or ruled on by a judicial officer who is the subject of the commission’s investigation or disciplinary proceedings related to the requested information. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 15. (AB 143) Effective July 16, 2021.)
  64. 68770.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Committee to Review the Operations and Structure of the Commission on Judicial Performance [68770 - 68772] ( Article 4 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 16. )

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    This section creates the Committee to Review the Operations and Structure of the Commission on Judicial Performance in state government.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Committee to Review the Operations and Structure of the Commission on Judicial Performance [68770 - 68772] ( Article 4 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 16. ) ## 68770. The Committee to Review the Operations and Structure of the Commission on Judicial Performance is hereby created in state government. (Added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 16. (AB 143) Effective July 16, 2021.)
  65. 68771.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Committee to Review the Operations and Structure of the Commission on Judicial Performance [68770 - 68772] ( Article 4 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 16. )

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    This section sets the committee’s membership, requires it to appoint a chairperson, and allows it to create subcommittees and operating rules.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Committee to Review the Operations and Structure of the Commission on Judicial Performance [68770 - 68772] ( Article 4 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 16. ) ## 68771. (a) The committee shall consist of 15 members who are the following: (1) The director of the commission. (2) The chair of the commission. (3) A current or former public member of the commission. (4) The legal adviser to the commission. (5) Two public members appointed by the Senate Committee on Rules. (6) Two public members appointed by the Speaker of the Assembly. (7) Seven members appointed by the Governor. (A) Two active judges, one of whom shall be a justice of a court of appeal. (B) Three members of the public. (C) One director of a judicial conduct commission from another state that is similar in population to the State of California. (D) One law professor or other person who is recognized as an expert in judicial ethics, who may be an active or retired attorney or judge. (b) The committee shall appoint a chairperson and establish any subcommittees and operating rules it deems appropriate. (c) For purposes of this section, the following terms have the following meanings: (1) “Attorney” means a person who is an active licensee and has been admitted to the State Bar of California for at least 10 years. (2) “Member of the public” means a person who is not a judicial officer or former judicial officer, has never been a licensee of the State Bar or admitted to practice before any court in the United States, and who complies with the provisions of Section 450 of the Business and Professions Code. (Added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 16. (AB 143) Effective July 16, 2021.)
  66. 68772.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Committee to Review the Operations and Structure of the Commission on Judicial Performance [68770 - 68772] ( Article 4 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 16. )

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    The committee must study the commission, hold public hearings, and submit a written report with recommendations by March 30, 2023.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 2.5. Commission on Judicial Performance [68701 - 68772] ( Heading of Chapter 2.5 amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 56, Sec. 93. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Committee to Review the Operations and Structure of the Commission on Judicial Performance [68770 - 68772] ( Article 4 added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 16. ) ## 68772. The committee shall study and make recommendations for changes in the operations and structure of the commission that would improve the commission’s ability to carry out its mission to protect the public, enforce rigorous standards of judicial conduct, and maintain public confidence in the integrity and independence of the judiciary. (a) As part of its study pursuant to this section, the committee shall, at a minimum, do all of the following: (1) Review and consider the following: (A) All findings and recommendations of the California State Auditor in Audit 2016-137. (B) The existing structure and operations of the commission. (C) The existing structures and operations of judicial discipline commissions of other states that are similar in population to the State of California. (2) Hold at least two hearings to accept comments from the public about possible changes in the operations and structure of the commission that would improve the commission’s ability to carry out its mission to protect the public, enforce rigorous standards of judicial conduct, and maintain public confidence in the integrity and independence of the judiciary. (A) Hold at least one hearing, prior to the committee completing its study or formulating its tentative recommendations pursuant to this section, to allow the committee to accept the public’s suggestions for possible changes in the operations and structure of the commission. (B) Hold at least one hearing, after completing its study and formulating its tentative recommendations for possible changes in the operations and structure of the commission but prior to completing its study pursuant to subdivision (b), to allow the committee to accept the public’s comments about its tentative recommendations. The committee shall provide the public with notice of its tentative recommendations in advance of the hearing by, among other methods, providing a copy of the tentative recommendations to any person who provides contact information to the committee and either requests to be notified of the committee’s tentative recommendations, or provides written suggestions for possible changes in the operations and structure of the commission pursuant to subparagraph (A), and transmitting the tentative recommendations to the commission in a time period that allows the commission to post the tentative recommendations on its internet website at least 10 calendar days prior to the hearing. (C) The public meetings described in this subparagraph shall comply with the Bagley-Keene Open Meeting Act (Article 9 (commencing with Section 11120) of Chapter 1 of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code). (3) Study and make recommendations whether any of the following should be changed in order to improve the commission’s ability to carry out its mission to protect the public, enforce rigorous standards of judicial conduct, and maintain public confidence in the integrity and independence of the judiciary: (A) The number of commission members. (B) The allocation of appointments to the commission among the appointing authorities. (C) The structure of the commission. (D) The appropriate discipline and remedies available to the commission when it imposes discipline. (E) The policies and procedures governing the commission’s operations. (F) Whether the commission currently has adequate financial and personnel resources. (G) What, if any, specific funding is necessary to support any recommended improvements to the commission. (H) Whether changes to the Constitution and statutes of the State of California, Rules of Court, and rules of the commission are needed. (4) Seek input on its study from all of the following: (A) All three branches of government. (B) Judges. (C) Attorneys admitted to the State Bar of California. (D) Members of the commission. (E) The public. (b) All members of the committee shall serve without compensation. Members of the committee shall be reimbursed for their necessary expenses, including expenses for travel, food, and lodging, incurred in connection with their committee duties. (c) Support for the committee shall be provided by staff of the commission. (d) The committee shall complete its study and provide a written report about its findings and recommendations no later than March 30, 2023, to the following: (1) The Governor. (2) The commission. (3) The Supreme Court. (4) The President pro Tempore of the Senate and the Chair of the Senate Committee on Judiciary. (5) The Speaker of the Assembly and the Chair of the Assembly Committee on Judiciary. (6) The public, including by providing the report to the commission, so that the commission may make the report available on the commission’s internet website. (Added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 79, Sec. 16. (AB 143) Effective July 16, 2021.)
  67. 68801.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68801 - 68807] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

    Verify source ↗

    Justices and officers of the Supreme Court are entitled to actual travel expenses when traveling to or from their residences for court business or to attend sessions.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68801 - 68807] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 68801. The justices and officers of the Supreme Court shall be allowed their actual traveling expenses in going to and from their respective places of residence upon the business of the court or to attend its sessions. (Added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206.)
  68. 68802.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68801 - 68807] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    If the state does not supply the Supreme Court with needed rooms and supplies, the court or any three justices may direct the Clerk/Executive Officer to provide them, and certified expenses must be paid from the State Treasury.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68801 - 68807] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 68802. If the state does not provide proper rooms in which to hold the court and for the accommodation of the officers of the court, together with attendants, furniture, fuel, lights, and stationery, suitable and sufficient for the transaction of business, the court, or any three justices, may direct the Clerk/Executive Officer of the Supreme Court to provide them. The expenses thereof, certified by any three justices to be correct, shall be paid out of the State Treasury. (Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 36, Sec. 10. (AB 452) Effective January 1, 2018.)
  69. 68803.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68801 - 68807] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Supreme Court’s clerk/executive officer controls the appropriated money, must spend it on proper vouchers, and must account for it annually to the Controller.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68801 - 68807] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 68803. A sufficient sum shall be annually appropriated out of any funds in the State Treasury not otherwise appropriated for the expenses certified pursuant to Section 68802 and to defray the traveling expenses of the justices and officers of the Supreme Court. The money so appropriated is subject to the order of the Clerk/Executive Officer of the Supreme Court. He or she shall disburse the money on proper vouchers, and account for it in annual settlements with the Controller on the first Monday of December of each year. (Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 92, Sec. 122. (SB 1289) Effective January 1, 2019.)
  70. 68806.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68801 - 68807] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Supreme Court may hire certain staff and marshals, and marshals have peace officer powers statewide.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68801 - 68807] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 68806. The Supreme Court may appoint and employ during its pleasure such phonographic reporters, assistants, secretaries, librarians, marshals, and other employees as it deems necessary for the performance of the duties and exercise of the powers conferred by law upon it and its members. The marshals shall have the powers of a peace officer in all parts of this state, as defined in Section 830.36 of the Penal Code. Except as in this chapter otherwise provided, the Supreme Court shall determine the duties and fix and pay the compensation of all those officers and employees. (Amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 891, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2000.)
  71. 68807.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68801 - 68807] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Supreme Court’s chapter-related salaries and expenses are paid from funds appropriated for its use, after court approval and Controller audit.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [68801 - 68807] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 68807. All salaries and expenses incurred under the provisions of this chapter by the Supreme Court shall be paid from the funds appropriated for its use, when approved by the order of the court and audited by the Controller. (Added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206.)
  72. 68843.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 2. The Chief Clerk [68843 - 68847] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Supreme Court must appoint a Clerk/Executive Officer, who serves at the Court’s pleasure, and the Clerk may appoint certain staff with approval from a majority of the Justices.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 2. The Chief Clerk [68843 - 68847] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 68843. The Supreme Court shall appoint a clerk, who shall be known as the Clerk/Executive Officer of the Supreme Court, and who shall serve at its pleasure. The Clerk/Executive Officer of the Supreme Court, with the approval of a majority of the Justices of the Supreme Court, shall appoint deputy clerks, librarians, secretaries, and other employees of the Supreme Court as are required. The Supreme Court shall determine the duties and, subject to subdivision (b) of Section 19825, fix and pay the compensation of these officers. (Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 36, Sec. 12. (AB 452) Effective January 1, 2018.)
  73. 68846.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 2. The Chief Clerk [68843 - 68847] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Supreme Court Clerk/Executive Officer must pay collected fees into the State Treasury for the General Fund and give the Controller a detailed monthly sworn account.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 2. The Chief Clerk [68843 - 68847] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 68846. The fees collected by the Clerk/Executive Officer of the Supreme Court shall be paid into the State Treasury to the credit of the General Fund. The Clerk/Executive Officer is responsible and in his or her settlement with the Controller shall account for, and be charged with, the full amount of all fees collected or chargeable and accruing in causes brought into the court for services rendered therein up to the time of each settlement. At the end of every month he or she shall pay the full amount into the State Treasury. At the end of every month he or she shall also render to the Controller, in a form as that officer prescribes, an account in detail, under his or her own oath, of all fees chargeable and accruing in causes brought into court and not included in his or her previous accounts rendered. (Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 36, Sec. 13. (AB 452) Effective January 1, 2018.)
  74. 68847.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 2. The Chief Clerk [68843 - 68847] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

    Verify source ↗

    The Clerk/Executive Officer of the Supreme Court must collect the specified fees in advance.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 2. The Chief Clerk [68843 - 68847] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 68847. The Clerk/Executive Officer of the Supreme Court shall collect in advance the fees specified in Article 4 (commencing with Section 68926) of this chapter. (Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 36, Sec. 14. (AB 452) Effective January 1, 2018.)
  75. 68900.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. The Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeal [68900 - 68905] ( Article 3 repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172. )

    Verify source ↗

    The Supreme Court must appoint the reporter of decisions for the Supreme Court and courts of appeal, plus any other needed assistants.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. The Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeal [68900 - 68905] ( Article 3 repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172. ) ## 68900. The Supreme Court shall appoint the reporter of the decisions of the Supreme Court and of the courts of appeal and such other assistants as required. Each officer provided for herein serves at the pleasure of the Supreme Court and, in addition to the duties prescribed by law, shall perform such duties as are required by the rules, orders, and practices of the Supreme Court. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172.)
  76. 68901.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. The Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeal [68900 - 68905] ( Article 3 repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172. )

    Verify source ↗

    The reporter of decisions for the Supreme Court and courts of appeal has an annual salary of $74,454, unless the Supreme Court sets a different amount with the Chairman of the Judicial Council’s approval.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. The Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeal [68900 - 68905] ( Article 3 repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172. ) ## 68901. The annual salary of the reporter of the decisions of the Supreme Court and of the courts of appeal is seventy-four thousand four hundred fifty-four dollars ($74,454) or as set by the Supreme Court, subject to the approval of the Chairman of the Judicial Council pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 19825. (Amended by Stats. 1991, Ch. 716, Sec. 1.)
  77. 68902.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. The Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeal [68900 - 68905] ( Article 3 repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172. )

    Verify source ↗

    Some Supreme Court, court of appeal, and superior court appellate division opinions may be published in the official reports, and the reports are published under the Supreme Court’s general supervision.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. The Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeal [68900 - 68905] ( Article 3 repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172. ) ## 68902. Such opinions of the Supreme Court, of the courts of appeal, and of the appellate divisions of the superior courts as the Supreme Court may deem expedient shall be published in the official reports. The reports shall be published under the general supervision of the Supreme Court. (Amended by Stats. 1998, Ch. 931, Sec. 248. Effective September 28, 1998.)
  78. 68903.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. The Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeal [68900 - 68905] ( Article 3 repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172. )

    Verify source ↗

    The official reports must be published under a contract made on behalf of the state by named California officials.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. The Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeal [68900 - 68905] ( Article 3 repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172. ) ## 68903. The official reports shall be published under a contract to be entered into on behalf of the state by the Chief Justice of California, the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the President of the State Bar, and the Reporter of Decisions, who shall serve as secretary. (Repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172.)
  79. 68904.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. The Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeal [68900 - 68905] ( Article 3 repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172. )

    Verify source ↗

    Before a contract is let, the Reporter of Decisions must advertise for proposals in specified newspapers, and must not have a pecuniary interest in the report volumes.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. The Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeal [68900 - 68905] ( Article 3 repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172. ) ## 68904. The contract shall be entered into with the person who agrees to publish and sell the official reports, for a period of not less than two nor more than seven years on the terms most advantageous to the state and to the public. Prior to the letting of such a contract, the Reporter of Decisions shall advertise for proposals for the publication of the reports pursuant to Section 6061 of this code in a daily paper in Sacramento, one in Los Angeles, and one in San Francisco. The Reporter of Decisions shall have no pecuniary interest in the volumes of reports. (Amended by Stats. 1979, Ch. 343.)
  80. 68905.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. The Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeal [68900 - 68905] ( Article 3 repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172. )

    Verify source ↗

    The contract must require the publisher to print and publish the volumes, sell copies to the state, keep enough copies available for six years, and post a $10,000 bond.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. The Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeal [68900 - 68905] ( Article 3 repealed and added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172. ) ## 68905. The contract shall require the publisher: (a) To print and publish each volume in the style stipulated in the contract within 60 days after the manuscript is delivered by the reporter. (b) To sell copies to the state for official use only at the price fixed in the contract. (c) To keep on hand and for sale at the price stipulated in the contract a sufficient number of each volume to supply all demands for six years after the publication. (d) To give bonds in the sum of ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for the fulfillment of the terms of the contract. (Added by Stats. 1967, Ch. 172.)
  81. 68915.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Transfer of Cases Appealed to the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68915- 68915.] ( Article 3.5 added by Stats. 1966, 1st Ex. Sess., Ch. 161. )

    Verify source ↗

    An appeal filed in the wrong court cannot be dismissed just for that reason; it must be transferred to the proper court and then handled as if it had been filed there originally.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3.5. Transfer of Cases Appealed to the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68915- 68915.] ( Article 3.5 added by Stats. 1966, 1st Ex. Sess., Ch. 161. ) ## 68915. No appeal taken to the Supreme Court or to a court of appeal shall be dismissed for the reason only that the same was not taken to the proper court, but the cause shall be transferred to the proper court upon such terms as to costs or otherwise as may be just, and shall be proceeded with therein, as if regularly appealed thereto. (Added by Stats. 1966, 1st Ex. Sess., Ch. 161.)
  82. 68926.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. )

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    This section sets filing fees for certain civil appeals and writ proceedings in the Supreme Court and courts of appeal, and lets the Judicial Council set payment rules and fee waivers in appropriate cases.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. ) ## 68926. (a) (1) The fee for filing a notice of appeal in a civil case appealed to a court of appeal is six hundred five dollars ($605). (2) The fee for filing a petition for a writ within the original civil jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is five hundred forty dollars ($540). (3) The fee for filing a petition for a writ within the original civil jurisdiction of a court of appeal is six hundred five dollars ($605). (b) (1) The fee for a party other than appellant filing its first document in a civil case appealed to a court of appeal is three hundred ninety dollars ($390). (2) The fee for a party other than petitioner filing its first document in a writ proceeding within the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is three hundred ninety dollars ($390). (3) The fee for a party other than petitioner filing its first document in a writ proceeding within the original jurisdiction of a court of appeal is three hundred ninety dollars ($390). (c) These fees are in full, for all services, through the rendering of the judgment or the issuing of the remittitur or peremptory writ, except the fees imposed by subdivision (b) of Section 68926.1 and Section 68927. The Judicial Council may make rules governing the time and method of payment of these fees, and providing for excuse therefrom in appropriate cases. A fee may not be charged in appeals from, nor petitions for writs involving, juvenile cases or proceedings to declare a minor free from parental custody or control, or proceedings under the Lanterman-Petris-Short Act (Part 1 (commencing with Section 5000) of Division 5 of the Welfare and Institutions Code). (Amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 41, Sec. 24. (SB 1021) Effective June 27, 2012.)
  83. 68926.1.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. )

    Verify source ↗

    An appellant filing certain appeals must deposit $100 with the originating court clerk and pay an additional $170 fee in specified filings.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. ) ## 68926.1. (a) (1) Upon filing a notice of appeal for which a fee is paid pursuant to Section 68926, the appellant shall deposit the sum of one hundred dollars ($100) with the clerk of the originating court. The deposit shall be credited against the amount chargeable for the preparation of the clerk’s transcript or any other appeal processing or notification. (2) The deposit shall be forfeited in the event of abandonment or dismissal of appeal prior to filing of the record in the reviewing court. (3) The amount charged for preparation of the transcript or any deposit that is forfeited shall be distributed to the court in which it was collected. (b) Upon filing a notice of appeal, a petition for a writ, or a petition for a hearing for which a fee is paid pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 68926 or subdivision (a) of Section 68927, the appellant shall pay an additional fee in the amount of one hundred seventy dollars ($170). Upon filing its first document for which a fee is paid pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 68926 or subdivision (b) of Section 68927, a party other than the appellant or petitioner is not required to pay this additional fee. The fees collected pursuant to this subdivision shall be transmitted to the State Treasury for deposit in the Appellate Court Trust Fund. (Amended by Stats. 2011, Ch. 193, Sec. 3. (AB 110) Effective August 30, 2011.)
  84. 68926.2.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. )

    Verify source ↗

    Court of appeal clerks must send $65 from each civil case fee to the State Treasury for a special California State Law Library account.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. ) ## 68926.2. (a) Notwithstanding any other law, sixty-five dollars ($65) of each fee collected in a civil case by the clerk of each court of appeal pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 68926 shall be paid into the State Treasury for deposit in a special account in the General Fund to be known as the California State Law Library Special Account, which is hereby established. (b) Moneys deposited in the California State Law Library Special Account shall be available for the support of the California State Law Library upon appropriation by the Legislature in the annual Budget Act. (c) It is the intent of the Legislature that this section shall apply retroactively to January 1, 2025. (d) This section shall become inoperative on July 1, 2030, and, as of January 1, 2031, is repealed. (Added by Stats. 2025, Ch. 9, Sec. 15. (AB 123) Effective June 27, 2025. Inoperative July 1, 2030, by its own provisions. Repealed as of January 1, 2031, by its own provisions.)
  85. 68927.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. )

    Verify source ↗

    This section sets filing fees for certain Supreme Court civil review filings and exempts some review petitions from any fee.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. ) ## 68927. (a) The fee for filing a petition for review in a civil case in the Supreme Court after a decision in a court of appeal is five hundred forty dollars ($540). (b) The fee for a party other than petitioner filing its first document in a civil case in the Supreme Court after a decision in a court of appeal is three hundred ninety dollars ($390). (c) A fee may not be charged for petitions for review from decisions in juvenile cases or proceedings to declare a minor free from parental custody or control or proceedings under the Lanterman-Petris-Short Act (Part 1 (commencing with Section 5000) of Division 5 of the Welfare and Institutions Code). (Amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 41, Sec. 25. (SB 1021) Effective June 27, 2012.)
  86. 68928.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. )

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    Copy fees for records or documents in the Supreme Court or a court of appeal clerk’s office are set at the prevailing commercial rate, and the courts may waive charges for copies of opinions for parties and other interested persons.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. ) ## 68928. The fee for copies of any record or document in the office of the Clerk/Executive Officer of the Supreme Court or the Clerk/Executive Officer of a court of appeal is the prevailing commercial rate as determined by the Clerk/Executive Officer. The Supreme Court and each court of appeal may waive the charge for copies of opinions furnished to parties to the litigation and other interested persons. (Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 36, Sec. 15. (AB 452) Effective January 1, 2018.)
  87. 68929.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. )

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    A fee of 5 cents per folio applies to comparing a document that requires a certificate, with a reduced rate of 1 cent per folio for certain corrected copies; this fee is added to the certificate fee.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. ) ## 68929. The fee for comparing any document requiring a certificate is five cents ($0.05) a folio, except that when the document to be compared was printed or typewritten from the same type or at the same time as the original on file and has been corrected in all respects to conform with it, such charge shall be one cent ($0.01) a folio. Such fee is in addition to the fee for the certificate. (Added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 873.)
  88. 68930.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. )

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    Each certificate issued under seal costs $1.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. ) ## 68930. The fee for each certificate under seal is one dollar ($1). (Added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 873.)
  89. 68931.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. )

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    No fee may be charged for administering oaths for verification of claims against the State.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. ) ## 68931. There shall be no fee for administering oaths for vertification of claims against the State. (Added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 873.)
  90. 68932.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. )

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    For services not covered elsewhere in this article, the fee must match the fee set by law for similar notary public services.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. ) ## 68932. For all other services not specified in this article the fee shall be the same as that prescribed by law for similar services by notaries public. (Added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 873.)
  91. 68933.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. )

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    The Appellate Court Trust Fund is created, certain court fees must be deposited into it, and the fund is used and allocated for the Supreme Court, courts of appeal, and the Judicial Council.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 3. The Supreme Court [68801 - 68933] ( Chapter 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Fees in the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal [68926 - 68933] ( Heading of Article 4 amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 380. ) ## 68933. (a) There is hereby established the Appellate Court Trust Fund, the proceeds of which shall be used for the purpose of funding the Supreme Court, courts of appeal, and the Judicial Council. (b) The fund, upon appropriation by the Legislature, shall be apportioned by the Judicial Council to the courts of appeal, the Supreme Court, and the Judicial Council, as determined by the Judicial Council, taking into consideration all other funds available to each and the needs of each, in a manner that promotes equal access to the courts, ensures the ability of the courts to carry out their functions, and promotes implementation of statewide policies. (c) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the fees listed in subdivision (d) shall all be transmitted for deposit in the Appellate Court Trust Fund within the State Treasury. (d) This section applies to all fees collected pursuant to Section 68926, excluding that portion subject to Section 68926.3; subdivision (b) of Section 68926.1; and Sections 68927, 68928, 68929, 68930, and 68932. (e) The Appellate Court Trust Fund shall be invested in the Surplus Money Investment Fund and all interest earned shall be allocated to the Appellate Court Trust Fund semiannually and used as specified in this section. (Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 34, Sec. 8. (SB 133) Effective June 30, 2023.)
  92. 6900.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11. Governmental Shareholders [6900 - 6901] ( Chapter 11 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 487. )

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    If a governmental body owns shares in a corporation and shareholders are voting on a resolution allowing cumulative voting for directors, the governmental body must vote its shares to allow cumulative voting.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11. Governmental Shareholders [6900 - 6901] ( Chapter 11 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 487. ) ## 6900. Whenever any governmental body is a shareholder of any corporation, and a resolution is before the shareholders which will permit or authorize cumulative voting for directors, such governmental body shall vote its shares to permit or authorize cumulative voting. As used in this section the term “governmental body” means the state, and any office, department, division, bureau, board, commission or agency thereof, and all counties, cities, districts, public authorities, public agencies and other political subdivisions or public corporations in the state. (Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 487.)
  93. 6901.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11. Governmental Shareholders [6900 - 6901] ( Chapter 11 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 487. )

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    State agencies owning common stock must vote each proxy returned to a corporation, but may abstain from a corporate or shareholder proposal if they notify the corporation in writing.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11. Governmental Shareholders [6900 - 6901] ( Chapter 11 added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 487. ) ## 6901. Notwithstanding any other provision of the law, every state agency owning common stock shall, when returning proxies to a corporation, vote each proxy that is returned to the corporation. Nothing in this section shall prohibit a state agency owning common stock from abstaining on a corporate or shareholder proposal and notifying the corporation in writing of the state agency’s desire to abstain on a corporate or shareholder proposal. As used in this section “state agency” includes the state, the University of California, and any office, department, division, bureau, board, commission, agency, or pension or retirement system thereof. (Amended by Stats. 1981, Ch. 714, Sec. 163.)
  94. 69100.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    This section divides the state into six court of appeal districts and lists which counties belong to each district.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69100. The state is divided into six court of appeal districts designated and constituted as follows: (a) The Counties of San Francisco, Marin, Sonoma, Napa, Solano, Lake, Mendocino, Humboldt, Del Norte, Contra Costa, Alameda, and San Mateo shall constitute the First Appellate District. (b) The Counties of San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, and Los Angeles shall constitute the Second Appellate District. (c) The Counties of Siskiyou, Modoc, Trinity, Shasta, Lassen, Tehama, Plumas, Colusa, Glenn, Butte, Sierra, Sutter, Yuba, Nevada, Yolo, Placer, Sacramento, El Dorado, San Joaquin, Amador, Calaveras, Alpine, and Mono shall constitute the Third Appellate District. (d) The Counties of Inyo, San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, San Diego, and Imperial shall constitute the Fourth Appellate District. (e) The Counties of Stanislaus, Tuolumne, Merced, Mariposa, Madera, Fresno, Kings, Tulare, and Kern shall constitute the Fifth Appellate District. (f) The Counties of Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Monterey, and San Benito shall constitute the Sixth Appellate District. (Amended by Stats. 1981, Ch. 959, Sec. 1.)
  95. 69101.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Court of Appeal for the First Appellate District must have five divisions with four judges each and hold its regular sessions in San Francisco.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69101. The Court of Appeal for the First Appellate District consists of five divisions having four judges each, and shall hold its regular sessions at San Francisco. (Amended by Stats. 2000, Ch. 998, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2001.)
  96. 69102.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Second Appellate District Court of Appeal has eight divisions with four judges each, and its regular sessions are assigned between Los Angeles and specified counties.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69102. The Court of Appeal for the Second Appellate District consists of eight divisions having four judges each. One division shall hold its regular sessions in Ventura County, Santa Barbara County, or San Luis Obispo County, at the discretion of the judges of that division, and the other divisions shall hold their regular sessions at Los Angeles. (Amended by Stats. 2000, Ch. 998, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2001.)
  97. 69103.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Court of Appeal for the Third Appellate District has one division with 11 judges and must hold its regular sessions in Sacramento.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69103. The Court of Appeal for the Third Appellate District consists of one division having 11 judges and shall hold its regular sessions at Sacramento. (Amended by Stats. 2000, Ch. 998, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 2001.)
  98. 69104.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Court of Appeal for the Fourth Appellate District has three divisions, and each division must sit in a specified location with a set number of judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69104. The Court of Appeal for the Fourth Appellate District consists of three divisions. One division shall hold its regular sessions at San Diego and shall have 10 judges. One division shall hold its regular sessions in the San Bernardino/Riverside area and shall have eight judges. One division shall hold its regular sessions in Orange County and shall have eight judges. (Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 45, Sec. 5. (SB 847) Effective June 27, 2018.)
  99. 69105.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Court of Appeal for the Fifth Appellate District must have one division with 10 judges and hold its regular sessions at Fresno.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69105. The Court of Appeal for the Fifth Appellate District consists of one division having 10 judges and shall hold its regular sessions at Fresno. (Amended by Stats. 2000, Ch. 998, Sec. 5. Effective January 1, 2001.)
  100. 69106.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Sixth Appellate District Court of Appeal has one division with seven judges and must hold its regular sessions in San Jose.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69106. The Court of Appeal for the Sixth Appellate District consists of one division having seven judges and shall hold its regular sessions at San Jose. (Amended by Stats. 2000, Ch. 998, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2001.)
  101. 69107.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    When a new court of appeal district or division is created, the Governor must appoint at least three judges, and the initial judges must stagger their terms by lot.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69100 - 69107] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69107. Upon the creation of a new court of appeal district or division, the Governor shall appoint pursuant to subdivision (d) of Section 16 of Article VI of the Constitution three or more persons to serve as judges thereof as provided in the legislation creating the district or division. The judges of said district or division elected at the first general election at which they had the right to become candidates shall so classify themselves by lot that the term of office for at least one of them expires at the end of four years, at least one of them at the end of eight years, and at least one of them at the end of 12 years, and entry of such classification shall be made in the minutes of said district or division, signed by each of the judges thereof, and a duplicate thereof filed in the office of the Secretary of State. (Amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17.)
  102. 69141.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Officers and Employees [69141 - 69154] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Each court of appeal may appoint staff, set their duties and compensation, and pay salaries and expenses from appropriated appellate-court funds when approved by court order.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Officers and Employees [69141 - 69154] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69141. (a) Each court of appeal may appoint and employ during its pleasure a Clerk/Executive Officer of the Court of Appeal, and other phonographic reporters, assistants, secretaries, librarians, and other employees as it deems necessary for the performance of the duties and exercise of the powers conferred by law upon it and its members. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, each appellate court may determine the duties and, subject to subdivision (b) of Section 19825 of the Government Code, fix and pay the compensation of all of its officers and employees. (b) All salaries and expenses incurred under this section shall be paid from the funds appropriated for the use of appellate courts, when approved by order of the courts. (Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 92, Sec. 123. (SB 1289) Effective January 1, 2019.)
  103. 69143.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Officers and Employees [69141 - 69154] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The clerk of each court of appeal must collect the specified fees in advance.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Officers and Employees [69141 - 69154] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69143. The clerk of each of the courts of appeal shall collect in advance the fees specified in Article 4 (commencing with Section 68926) of Chapter 3 of this title. (Amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17.)
  104. 69154.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Officers and Employees [69141 - 69154] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Clerks of the courts of appeal must pay all collected fees into the State Treasury for the General Fund, and Section 68846’s settlement provisions also apply to clerks/executive officers of the courts of appeal.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4. The Courts of Appeal [69100 - 69154] ( Heading of Chapter 4 amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 17. ) ## ARTICLE 2. Officers and Employees [69141 - 69154] ( Article 2 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69154. All fees collected by the clerks of the courts of appeal shall be paid into the State Treasury to the credit of the General Fund. The provisions of Section 68846 relating to settlements by the Clerk/Executive Officer of the Supreme Court are applicable to the Clerks/Executive Officers of the courts of appeal. (Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 36, Sec. 17. (AB 452) Effective January 1, 2018.)
  105. 69202.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4.2. Appellate Court Facilities [69202 - 69206] ( Chapter 4.2 added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 1082, Sec. 2. )

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    The Judicial Council must annually recommend a spending amount for appellate court facilities to the Governor and Legislature.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4.2. Appellate Court Facilities [69202 - 69206] ( Chapter 4.2 added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 1082, Sec. 2. ) ## 69202. (a) The Judicial Council shall annually recommend to the Governor and the Legislature the amount proposed to be spent for the planning, renovation, and building of facilities for the appellate courts. (b) Facilities shall be subject to the State Building Construction Act of 1955 (commencing with Section 15800) and the Property Acquisition Law (commencing with Section 15850), except, notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Administrative Office of the Courts shall serve as the implementing agency upon the approval of the Department of Finance. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 1082, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  106. 69204.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4.2. Appellate Court Facilities [69202 - 69206] ( Chapter 4.2 added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 1082, Sec. 2. )

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    The Judicial Council has broad authority over appellate court facilities and must keep their funding separate from trial court facilities.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4.2. Appellate Court Facilities [69202 - 69206] ( Chapter 4.2 added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 1082, Sec. 2. ) ## 69204. The Judicial Council, as the policymaking body for the judicial branch, shall have the following responsibilities and authorities with regard to appellate court facilities, in addition to any other authority or responsibilities established by law: (a) Exercise full responsibility, jurisdiction, control, and authority as an owner would have over appellate court facilities, including, but not limited to, the acquisition and development of facilities. (b) Exercise the full range of policymaking authority over appellate court facilities, including, but not limited to, planning, construction, acquisition, and operation, to the extent not otherwise limited by the law. (c) Establish policies, procedures, and guidelines for ensuring that the appellate courts have adequate and sufficient facilities, including, but not limited to, facilities’ planning, acquisition, construction, design, operation, and maintenance. (d) Allocate appropriated funds for appellate court facilities maintenance and construction, subject to the other provisions of this chapter. (e) Prepare funding requests for appellate court facility construction, repair, and maintenance. (f) Implement the design, bid, award, and construction of all appellate court construction projects, except as delegated to others. (g) Provide for capital outlay projects that may be built with funds appropriated or otherwise available for these purposes, as follows: (1) Approve five year and master plans for each appellate court. (2) Establish priorities for construction. (3) Submit the cost of projects proposed to be funded to the Department of Finance for inclusion in the Governor’s budget. (h) Keep funding for appellate court facilities, whether for operation, planning, or construction, separate from funding for trial court facilities. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 1082, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  107. 69206.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4.2. Appellate Court Facilities [69202 - 69206] ( Chapter 4.2 added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 1082, Sec. 2. )

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    The Administrative Office of the Courts must carry out Judicial Council policies for appellate court facilities and may develop master plans and construct appellate court buildings.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 4.2. Appellate Court Facilities [69202 - 69206] ( Chapter 4.2 added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 1082, Sec. 2. ) ## 69206. The Administrative Office of the Courts shall have the following responsibilities and authority in addition to other responsibilities and authority granted by law or delegated by the Judicial Council: (a) Carry out the policies of the Judicial Council in regard to appellate court facilities, except as otherwise limited by the law. (b) Develop for Judicial Council approval the master plans for appellate court facilities in each court. (c) Construct appellate court buildings, including, but not limited to, selection of architects and contractors, except as otherwise limited by the law. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 1082, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  108. 6930.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11.5. Governmental Investors [6930 - 6934] ( Chapter 11.5 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1. )

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    This section defines several terms used in the chapter, including “governmental investor,” “soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangements,” “transaction cost,” and “responsible.”

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11.5. Governmental Investors [6930 - 6934] ( Chapter 11.5 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1. ) ## 6930. As used in this chapter: (a) “Governmental investor” means the Treasurer, the Teachers’ Retirement Board, and the Board of Administration of the Public Employees’ Retirement System. “Governmental investor” also means each county treasurer, each city treasurer, each public governing or investing body or public investing officer, who exercises investment discretion over public funds in excess of ten million dollars ($10,000,000) or over public pension or retirement funds in excess of ten million dollars ($10,000,000). (b) “Soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangements” means the brokerage and research services described by Section 28 (e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. Sec. 78bb(e)). (c) “Transaction cost” means the overall cost of the transaction, including, but not limited to, commissions, services, and the price of the securities. (d) “Responsible” means with the due diligence required of a fiduciary to examine a presented transaction for: necessity of soft dollar services provided and for commission cost; quality of the trade; quality of the broker-dealer’s research; the broker-dealer’s execution capabilities; and the broker-dealer’s quality of service. (Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1.)
  109. 6931.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11.5. Governmental Investors [6930 - 6934] ( Chapter 11.5 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1. )

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    Transactions or brokerage agreements for a governmental investor under a soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangement must be executed at the lowest responsible transaction cost available.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11.5. Governmental Investors [6930 - 6934] ( Chapter 11.5 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1. ) ## 6931. Each securities transaction or brokerage agreement carried out for a governmental investor pursuant to a soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangement, as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 6930, shall be executed at the lowest responsible transaction cost available. (Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1.)
  110. 6932.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11.5. Governmental Investors [6930 - 6934] ( Chapter 11.5 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1. )

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    Certain contracts with governmental investors must require the investment manager to keep detailed records and make specified disclosures about soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangements.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11.5. Governmental Investors [6930 - 6934] ( Chapter 11.5 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1. ) ## 6932. Any written contract entered into between a governmental investor and an investment manager on or after January 1, 1991, for the management of assets of a public fund or a public pension or retirement fund, which includes a soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangement, shall contain the following requirements: (a) The investment manager shall maintain complete and detailed records of all billed services provided pursuant to soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangements. (b) The services which may be provided by a broker-dealer pursuant to soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangements shall be clearly defined. (c) The investment manager shall, in the customer agreement letters with governmental investors, disclose: (1) A list of all billed services provided pursuant to soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangements with respect to investment transactions for the governmental investor. (2) The justification for providing each of those services. (3) The maximum percentage of the investment transactions of the governmental investor planned for use in soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangements. (4) An annual statement of all billed services provided during the previous year under soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangements with respect to investment transactions for the governmental investor. (5) A determination of whether each service provided under soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangements with respect to investment transactions for the governmental investor is proprietary or is being shared by other clients of the investment manager. (Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1.)
  111. 6933.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11.5. Governmental Investors [6930 - 6934] ( Chapter 11.5 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1. )

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    Soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangements are not subject to statutory competitive bidding requirements.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11.5. Governmental Investors [6930 - 6934] ( Chapter 11.5 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1. ) ## 6933. Soft dollar and directed brokerage arrangements are not subject to any statutory competitive bidding requirements. This section does not constitute a change in, but is declaratory of, existing law. (Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1.)
  112. 6934.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11.5. Governmental Investors [6930 - 6934] ( Chapter 11.5 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1. )

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    This chapter applies to contracts entered into, renewed, or extended on or after January 1, 1991.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 11.5. Governmental Investors [6930 - 6934] ( Chapter 11.5 added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1. ) ## 6934. This chapter shall apply to contracts entered into, renewed, or extended on and after January 1, 1991. (Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 709, Sec. 1.)
  113. 6950.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 12. Purchase of Interests and Rights in Real Property [6950 - 6954] ( Chapter 12 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658. )

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    Counties and cities may use public funds to acquire interests in real property to preserve open spaces and areas for public use and enjoyment.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 12. Purchase of Interests and Rights in Real Property [6950 - 6954] ( Chapter 12 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658. ) ## 6950. It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this chapter to provide a means whereby any county or city may acquire, by purchase, gift, grant, bequest, devise, lease or otherwise, and through the expenditure of public funds, the fee or any lesser interest or right in real property in order to preserve, through limitation of their future use, open spaces and areas for public use and enjoyment. (Added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658.)
  114. 69504.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69504 - 69508.5] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Each county superior court must buy and install the U.S. flag and the California Bear Flag in each superior courtroom.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69504 - 69508.5] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69504. The superior court of each county shall purchase and provide for the installation of the Flag of the United States and the Bear Flag of California in each superior courtroom in the county. (Amended by Stats. 2020, Ch. 210, Sec. 22. (AB 1984) Effective January 1, 2021.)
  115. 69505.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69504 - 69508.5] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Court travel-expense reimbursement procedures must be recommended, approved, followed, and paid from the court fund under this section.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69504 - 69508.5] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69505. Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, the following procedures shall apply for business-related travel expenses of judges and employees of the trial courts: (a) The Administrative Director of the Courts shall annually recommend policies and schedules for reimbursement of travel expenses and procedures for processing these requests, which shall be approved by the Judicial Council and shall be followed by the trial courts. (b) Each court shall develop a system for presentation and approval of requests that shall ensure that requests are reviewed in an impartial and appropriate manner and that conforms to the policies, schedules, and procedures approved by the Judicial Council. (c) The cost of the approved requests shall be paid from that court’s Trial Court Operations Fund. (Repealed and added by Stats. 2001, Ch. 824, Sec. 21. Effective January 1, 2002.)
  116. 69507.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69504 - 69508.5] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The presiding judge of each superior court may designate a judge to be available on non-weekend, non-holiday days to perform a marriage without fee.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69504 - 69508.5] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69507. The presiding judge of each superior court may designate a judge of the court to be available on days other than a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday to perform a marriage without fee. (Added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1589.)
  117. 69508.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69504 - 69508.5] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Judges of superior courts with three or more judges must choose a presiding judge, and that presiding judge must assign court business and set the order of business, subject to Judicial Council rules.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69504 - 69508.5] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69508. (a) The judges of each superior court having three or more judges, shall choose from their own number a presiding judge who serves as such at their pleasure. Subject to the rules of the Judicial Council, the presiding judge shall distribute the business of the court among the judges, and prescribe the order of business. (b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), the Judicial Council may provide by rule of court for the qualifications of the presiding judge. (Amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 344, Sec. 21. Effective September 7, 1999.)
  118. 69508.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69504 - 69508.5] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Courts with two judges must select a presiding judge each calendar year, using administrative qualifications and interest as the basis; if they cannot agree, the office rotates yearly starting with the senior judge.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 1. General Provisions [69504 - 69508.5] ( Article 1 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69508.5. (a) In courts with two judges a presiding judge shall be selected by the judges each calendar year and the selection should be on the basis of administrative qualifications and interest. (b) If a selection cannot be agreed upon, then the office of presiding judge shall be rotated each calendar year between the two judges, commencing with the senior judge. If the judges are of equal seniority, the first presiding judge shall be selected by lot. (c) Notwithstanding subdivisions (a) and (b), the Judicial Council may provide by rule of court for the qualifications of the presiding judge. (d) In a court with one judge, whether as the result of a vacancy in a judgeship or otherwise, a reference in a statute to the presiding judge means the sole judge of the court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 224. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  119. 6951.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 12. Purchase of Interests and Rights in Real Property [6950 - 6954] ( Chapter 12 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658. )

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    The Legislature states that urban development is reducing open areas and spaces, including areas with scenic or aesthetic value, and that preserving them can benefit urban and metropolitan development.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 12. Purchase of Interests and Rights in Real Property [6950 - 6954] ( Chapter 12 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658. ) ## 6951. The Legislature finds that the rapid growth and spread of urban development is encroaching upon, or eliminating, many open areas and spaces of varied size and character, including many having significant scenic or esthetic values, which areas and spaces if preserved and maintained in their present open state would constitute important physical, social, esthetic or economic assets to existing or impending urban and metropolitan development. (Added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658.)
  120. 6952.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 12. Purchase of Interests and Rights in Real Property [6950 - 6954] ( Chapter 12 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658. )

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    This section states that counties and cities may use public funds or acquire interests in real property to conserve open spaces and areas within their jurisdictions.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 12. Purchase of Interests and Rights in Real Property [6950 - 6954] ( Chapter 12 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658. ) ## 6952. The Legislature hereby declares that it is necessary for sound and proper urban and metropolitan development, and in the public interest of the people of this State for any county or city to expend or advance public funds for, or to accept by, purchase, gift, grant, bequest, devise, lease or otherwise, the fee or any lesser interest or right in real property to acquire, maintain, improve, protect, limit the future use of or otherwise conserve open spaces and areas within their respective jurisdictions. (Added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658.)
  121. 6953.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 12. Purchase of Interests and Rights in Real Property [6950 - 6954] ( Chapter 12 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658. )

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    The Legislature declares that acquiring real property interests for open-space preservation is a public purpose, and counties or cities may buy or otherwise acquire specified property interests for that purpose.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 12. Purchase of Interests and Rights in Real Property [6950 - 6954] ( Chapter 12 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658. ) ## 6953. The Legislature further declares that the acquisition of interests or rights in real property for the preservation of open spaces and areas constitutes a public purpose for which public funds may be expended or advanced, and that any county or city may acquire, by purchase, gift, grant, bequest, devise, lease or otherwise, the fee or any lesser interest, development right, easement, covenant or other contractual right necessary to achieve the purposes of this chapter. Any county or city may also acquire the fee to any property for the purpose of conveying or leasing said property back to its original owner or other person under such covenants or other contractual arrangements as will limit the future use of the property in accordance with the purposes of this chapter. (Added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658.)
  122. 6954.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 12. Purchase of Interests and Rights in Real Property [6950 - 6954] ( Chapter 12 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658. )

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    This section defines “open space” or “open area” for this chapter.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 1. GENERAL [100 - 7931.000] ( Title 1 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## DIVISION 7. MISCELLANEOUS [6000 - 7599.200] ( Division 7 enacted by Stats. 1943, Ch. 134. ) ## CHAPTER 12. Purchase of Interests and Rights in Real Property [6950 - 6954] ( Chapter 12 added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658. ) ## 6954. For the purposes of this chapter an “open space” or “open area” is any space or area characterized by (1) great natural scenic beauty or (2) whose existing openness, natural condition, or present state of use, if retained, would enhance the present or potential value of abutting or surrounding urban development, or would maintain or enhance the conservation of natural or scenic resources. (Added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1658.)
  123. 69560.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Reduction of Number of Judges in Superior Court [69560- 69560.] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1966, 1st Ex. Sess., Ch. 161. )

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    If the Legislature reduces the number of superior court judges in a county or city and county, the first vacant judge offices up to that reduced number are treated as abolished.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 2.5. Reduction of Number of Judges in Superior Court [69560- 69560.] ( Article 2.5 added by Stats. 1966, 1st Ex. Sess., Ch. 161. ) ## 69560. If the Legislature diminishes the number of judges of the superior court in any county or city and county, the offices which first become vacant, to the number of judges diminished, shall be deemed to be abolished. (Added by Stats. 1966, 1st Ex. Sess., Ch. 161.)
  124. 69580.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The superior court in Alameda County has 67 judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69580. In the County of Alameda there are 67 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 17, Sec. 18. (AB 103) Effective June 27, 2017.)
  125. 69580.3.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Alpine County, there are two superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69580.3. In the County of Alpine there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 229. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  126. 69580.7.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

    Verify source ↗

    In Amador County, there are two superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69580.7. In the County of Amador there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 230. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  127. 69581.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

    Verify source ↗

    Butte County has 10 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69581. In the County of Butte there are 10 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 231. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  128. 69581.3.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

    Verify source ↗

    Calaveras County has two superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69581.3. In the County of Calaveras there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 232. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  129. 69581.7.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

    Verify source ↗

    In Colusa County, the superior court has two judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69581.7. In the County of Colusa there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 233. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  130. 69582.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Contra Costa County has 33 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69582. In the County of Contra Costa there are 33 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 234. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  131. 69582.3.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Del Norte County, the superior court has two judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69582.3. In the County of Del Norte there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 235. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  132. 69582.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In El Dorado County, the superior court has six judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69582.5. In the County of El Dorado there are six judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 236. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  133. 69583.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Fresno County has 36 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69583. In the County of Fresno there are 36 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 237. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  134. 69583.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Glenn County, there are two superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69583.5. In the County of Glenn there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 238. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  135. 69584.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Humboldt County has seven superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69584. In the County of Humboldt there are seven judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 239. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  136. 69584.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Imperial County, the superior court has nine judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69584.5. In the County of Imperial there are nine judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 240. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  137. 69584.7.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Inyo County, the superior court has two judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69584.7. In the County of Inyo there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 241. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  138. 69585.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Kern County has 33 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69585. In the County of Kern there are 33 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 242. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  139. 69585.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Kings County, the superior court has seven judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69585.5. In the County of Kings there are seven judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 243. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  140. 69585.7.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Lake County, the superior court has four judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69585.7. In the County of Lake there are four judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 244. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  141. 69585.9.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Lassen County, there are two superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69585.9. In the County of Lassen there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 245. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  142. 69586.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Los Angeles County has 429 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69586. In the County of Los Angeles there are 429 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 246. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  143. 69587.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Madera County has seven Superior Court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69587. In the County of Madera there are seven judges of the Superior Court. (Amended by Stats. 2003, Ch. 62, Sec. 164. Effective January 1, 2004.)
  144. 69588.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Marin County, the Superior Court has 10 judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69588. In the County of Marin there are 10 judges of the Superior Court. (Amended by Stats. 2003, Ch. 62, Sec. 165. Effective January 1, 2004.)
  145. 69588.3.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Mariposa County has two superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69588.3. In the County of Mariposa there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 249. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  146. 69588.7.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Mendocino County, the superior court has eight judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69588.7. In the County of Mendocino there are eight judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 250. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  147. 69589.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Merced County has six superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69589. In the County of Merced there are six judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 251. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  148. 69589.3.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Modoc County, the superior court has two judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69589.3. In the County of Modoc there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 252. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  149. 69589.7.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In the County of Mono, the superior court has two judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69589.7. In the County of Mono there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 253. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  150. 69590.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Monterey County, the superior court has 18 judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69590. In the County of Monterey there are 18 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 254. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  151. 69590.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Napa County, the superior court has six judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69590.5. In the County of Napa there are six judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 255. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  152. 69590.7.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

    Verify source ↗

    Nevada County has six superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69590.7. In the County of Nevada there are six judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 256. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  153. 69591.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Orange County has 109 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69591. In the County of Orange there are 109 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 257. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  154. 69591.3.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Placer County, the superior court has nine judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69591.3. In the County of Placer there are nine judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 258. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  155. 69591.7.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

    Verify source ↗

    In Plumas County, the superior court has two judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69591.7. In the County of Plumas there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 259. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  156. 69592.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Riverside County, the superior court has 53 judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69592. In the County of Riverside there are 53 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 45, Sec. 6. (SB 847) Effective June 27, 2018.)
  157. 69593.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Sacramento County has 52 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69593. In the County of Sacramento there are 52 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 261. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  158. 69593.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In San Benito County, the superior court has two judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69593.5. In the County of San Benito there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 262. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  159. 69594.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    San Bernardino County has 65 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69594. In the County of San Bernardino there are 65 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 17, Sec. 20. (AB 103) Effective June 27, 2017.)
  160. 69595.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    San Diego County has 128 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69595. In the County of San Diego there are 128 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 264. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  161. 69596.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In the City and County of San Francisco, the superior court has 50 judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69596. In the City and County of San Francisco there are 50 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 266. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  162. 69598.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    San Joaquin County has 26 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69598. In the County of San Joaquin there are 26 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 267. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  163. 69598.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    San Luis Obispo County has 11 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69598.5. In the County of San Luis Obispo there are 11 judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 268. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  164. 69599.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In San Mateo County, the superior court has 26 judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69599. In San Mateo County there are 26 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 269. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  165. 69599.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Santa Barbara County has 19 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69599.5. In the County of Santa Barbara there are 19 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 270. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  166. 69600.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Santa Clara County, the superior court has 77 judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69600. In the County of Santa Clara there are 77 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 17, Sec. 21. (AB 103) Effective June 27, 2017.)
  167. 69600.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Santa Cruz County, the superior court has 10 judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69600.5. In the County of Santa Cruz there are 10 judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 272. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  168. 69601.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Shasta County, the superior court has nine judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69601. In the County of Shasta there are nine judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 273. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  169. 69601.3.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Sierra County has two superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69601.3. In the County of Sierra there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 274. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  170. 69601.7.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Siskiyou County, the superior court has four judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69601.7. In the County of Siskiyou there are four judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 275. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  171. 69602.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The County of Solano has 16 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69602. In the County of Solano there are 16 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 276. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  172. 69603.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Sonoma County has 16 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69603. In the County of Sonoma there are 16 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 277. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  173. 69604.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Stanislaus County, the superior court has 17 judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69604. In the County of Stanislaus there are 17 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 278. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  174. 69604.3.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Sutter County, the superior court has five judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69604.3. In the County of Sutter there are five judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 279. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  175. 69604.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Tehama County, the superior court has four judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69604.5. In the County of Tehama there are four judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 280. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  176. 69604.7.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Trinity County, there are two superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69604.7. In the County of Trinity there are two judges of the superior court. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 281. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  177. 69605.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Tulare County has 16 superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69605. In the County of Tulare there are 16 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 282. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  178. 69605.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Tuolumne County, the superior court has four judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69605.5. In the County of Tuolumne there are four judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 283. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  179. 69606.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Ventura County, the superior court has 28 judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69606. In the County of Ventura there are 28 judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 284. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  180. 69610.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    In Yolo County, the superior court has nine judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69610. In the County of Yolo there are nine judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 288. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  181. 69611.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The County of Yuba has five superior court judges.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69611. In the County of Yuba there are five judges of the superior court. (Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 289. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  182. 69614.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Judicial Council must report and provide judge-needs assessments to the Legislature and the Governor on specified schedules.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69614. (a) Upon appropriation by the Legislature in the 2006–07 fiscal year, there shall be 50 additional judges allocated to the various superior courts pursuant to the uniform criteria described in subdivision (b) for determining the need for additional superior court judges. (b) The judges shall be allocated, in accordance with the uniform standards for factually determining additional judicial need in each county, as updated and approved by the Judicial Council, pursuant to the Update of Judicial Needs Study, based on the following criteria: (1) Court filings data averaged over a period of three years. (2) Workload standards that represent the average amount of time of bench and nonbench work required to resolve each case type. (3) A ranking methodology that provides consideration for courts that have the greatest need relative to their current complement of judicial officers. (c) (1) The Judicial Council shall report to the Legislature and the Governor on or before November 1 of every even-numbered year on the factually determined need for new judgeships in each superior court using the uniform criteria for allocation of judgeships described in subdivision (b), as updated and applied to the average of the prior three years’ filings. (2) On or before November 30, 2011, the Judicial Council shall provide to the Legislature a special assessment of the need for new judgeships in the family law and juvenile law assignments for each superior court. (3) The Judicial Council shall report, beginning with the report due to the Legislature on November 1, 2012, on the implementation and effect of subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 69615. (Amended by Stats. 2014, Ch. 311, Sec. 2. (AB 2745) Effective January 1, 2015.)
  183. 69614.2.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    If the Legislature appropriates money in the 2007–08 fiscal year, 50 additional judges must be allocated to county superior courts under the stated criteria.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69614.2. Upon appropriation by the Legislature in the 2007–08 fiscal year, there shall be 50 additional judges allocated to the various county superior courts, pursuant to the uniform criteria described in subdivision (b) of Section 69614, as updated and approved by the Judicial Council. (Amended by Stats. 2014, Ch. 311, Sec. 3. (AB 2745) Effective January 1, 2015.)
  184. 69614.3.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The section sets a schedule for allocating the 100 additional judges to county superior courts, subject to legislative appropriation.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69614.3. Upon appropriation by the Legislature, the 100 additional new judges provided for in Sections 69614 and 69614.2 shall be allocated to the various county superior courts, pursuant to the following appointment schedule: (a) On or before June 30, 2008, 40 additional judges shall be appointed. (b) On or after July 1, 2008, 10 additional judges shall be appointed. (c) On or after June 1, 2009, 50 additional judges shall be appointed. (d) Notwithstanding subdivision (c), Item 0250-101-0932 in Section 2.00 of the Budget Act of 2018 (Chs. 29 and 30, Stats. 2018) allocates two of the 50 judgeships to the County of Riverside, effective July 1, 2018, thereby reducing the total number of judges to be allocated to 48. (e) Notwithstanding subdivision (c), Item 0250-101-0932 in Section 2.00 of the Budget Act of 2019 allocates 25 of the 48 judgeships effective in the 2019–20 fiscal year, thereby reducing the total number of judgeships to be allocated to 23. (Amended by Stats. 2020, Ch. 370, Sec. 187. (SB 1371) Effective January 1, 2021.)
  185. 69614.4.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Two vacant judgeships are moved from Santa Clara to Riverside, and two from Alameda to San Bernardino, with the Judicial Council responsible for carrying out the transfers.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69614.4. (a) Notwithstanding any other law, two vacant judgeships from the Superior Court of the County of Santa Clara shall be reallocated to the Superior Court of the County of Riverside, and two vacant judgeships from the Superior Court of the County of Alameda shall be reallocated to the Superior Court of the County of San Bernardino. (b) The Judicial Council shall determine which specific vacancies shall be transferred between counties pursuant to this section and take all necessary steps to effectuate each transfer. (c) The term of the judgeships specified in this section shall begin on January 2, 2018. (d) A court in which a vacant judgeship is reallocated shall not have the court’s funding allocation reduced or any of its funding shifted or transferred as a result of, or in connection with, the reallocation of a vacant judgeship pursuant to this section. (Added by Stats. 2017, Ch. 17, Sec. 22. (AB 103) Effective June 27, 2017.)
  186. 69614.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Twenty-six additional superior court judgeships are authorized, but only if appropriated, and the Judicial Council must allocate them to county superior courts.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69614.5. Twenty-six additional superior court judgeships are authorized, subject to appropriation. These positions shall be allocated by the Judicial Council to the various county superior courts, in accordance with the uniform criteria described in subdivision (b) of Section 69614, as updated and approved by the Judicial Council. (Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 482, Sec. 2. (SB 75) Effective January 1, 2024.)
  187. 69615.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    This section sets out a plan to convert certain subordinate judicial officer positions in eligible superior courts into judgeships, with conditions, notice requirements, and legislative ratification.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69615. (a) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this section to restore an appropriate balance between subordinate judicial officers and judges in the trial courts by providing for the conversion, as needed, of subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships in courts that assign subordinate judicial officers to act as temporary judges. The Legislature finds that these positions must be converted to judgeships in order to ensure that critical case types, including family, probate, and juvenile law matters, can be heard by judges. (b) (1) The Legislature finds that because of the unique nature of family and juvenile law matters, including the long-lasting impact of decisions in these cases, particularly on vulnerable children, whenever possible, these cases should be presided over by judges, who are accountable to the public. (2) The Legislature also finds that a Judicial Council study concluded that public trust and confidence in the courts are strongest when the public believes that the decisionmaking processes used by the court are fair and allow each litigant a reasonable opportunity to be heard by the court. In order to improve the public perception of procedural fairness in family law and juvenile law matters, it is necessary that cases be heard by judges whenever possible. (3) It is therefore the intent of the Legislature, in allowing the conversion of up to 10 additional subordinate judicial officer positions, as provided in subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c), to expedite the timeline for ensuring that family and juvenile law matters are presided over by judges. (c) (1) (A) Sixteen subordinate judicial officer positions in eligible superior courts, as determined and approved by the Judicial Council on February 23, 2007, pursuant to uniform criteria for determining the need for converting existing subordinate judicial officer positions to superior court judgeships, shall be converted to judgeships as set forth in paragraph (2). (B) Upon subsequent authorization by the Legislature, 146 subordinate judicial officer positions in eligible superior courts, as determined by the Judicial Council pursuant to uniform criteria for determining the need for converting existing subordinate judicial officer positions to superior court judgeships, shall be converted to judgeships as set forth in paragraphs (2) and (3), except that no more than 16 subordinate judicial officer positions may be converted in any fiscal year. (C) Notwithstanding subparagraph (B), up to 10 additional subordinate judicial officer positions in eligible superior courts may be converted to superior court judgeships in any fiscal year. Each additional position may be converted to a judgeship only if the conversion will result in a judge being assigned to a family law or juvenile law assignment previously presided over by a subordinate judicial officer. The additional conversions authorized by this subparagraph are subject to the requirements of paragraph (3). (2) The positions for conversion shall be allocated each fiscal year pursuant to uniform allocation standards to be developed by the Judicial Council for factually determining the relative judicial need for conversion of a subordinate judicial officer position that becomes vacant to a superior court judgeship position. (3) Beginning in the 2010–11 fiscal year, a subordinate judicial officer position shall be converted to a judgeship when all of the following conditions are met: (A) A vacancy occurs in a subordinate judicial officer position in an eligible superior court as determined by the uniform allocation standards described in paragraph (2). (B) The Judicial Council files notice of the vacancies and allocations with the Chairperson of the Senate Committee on Rules, the Speaker of the Assembly, and the Chairpersons of the Senate and Assembly Committees on Judiciary. (C) Except for proposed actions authorized pursuant to subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1), the proposed action is ratified by the Legislature, either in the annual Budget Act or by statutory enactment. Because of the unique nature of the need for judges as expressed in subdivision (b), a proposed action under subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) shall be ratified by the Legislature by statutory enactment other than the annual Budget Act. (4) Section 12011.5 shall apply to an appointment to a superior court judgeship converted from a subordinate judicial officer position. (d) For purposes of this section, “subordinate judicial officer” means an officer appointed under the authority of Section 22 of Article VI of the California Constitution. This section shall not apply to a subordinate judicial officer position established by Section 4251 of the Family Code. (e) It is the intent of the Legislature that no subordinate judicial officer shall involuntarily lose his or her position solely due to operation of this section. This section does not change the employment relationship between subordinate judicial officers and the trial courts established by law. (f) This section does not limit the authority of the Governor to appoint a person to fill a vacancy pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 16 of Article VI of the California Constitution. (g) This section does not entitle a court to an increase in funding. (h) The operation of this section shall neither increase nor decrease the number of judicial and subordinate judicial officer positions and court support positions for which a county is responsible by law. (Amended by Stats. 2010, Ch. 690, Sec. 2. (AB 2763) Effective January 1, 2011.)
  188. 69616.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Legislature ratifies the Judicial Council’s authority to convert certain subordinate judicial officer positions into judgeships.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69616. (a) The Legislature hereby ratifies the authority of the Judicial Council to convert 10 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships in the 2011–12 fiscal year where the conversion will result in a judge being assigned to a family law or juvenile law assignment previously presided over by a subordinate judicial officer, pursuant to subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 69615. (b) The action described in subdivision (a) shall be in addition to any action that may be taken pursuant to the authority described in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 69615 to convert up to 16 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships. (Added by Stats. 2011, Ch. 705, Sec. 1. (SB 405) Effective January 1, 2012.)
  189. 69617.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Judicial Council is authorized to convert 10 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships in the 2013–14 fiscal year if the new judges will be assigned to family law or juvenile law work previously handled by a subordinate judicial officer.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69617. (a) The Legislature hereby ratifies the authority of the Judicial Council to convert 10 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships in the 2013–14 fiscal year where the conversion will result in a judge being assigned to a family law or juvenile law assignment previously presided over by a subordinate judicial officer, pursuant to subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 69615. (b) The action described in subdivision (a) shall be in addition to any action that may be taken pursuant to the authority described in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 69615 to convert up to 16 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships. (Added by Stats. 2013, Ch. 510, Sec. 24. (AB 1403) Effective January 1, 2014.)
  190. 69618.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Legislature ratifies the Judicial Council’s authority to convert 10 subordinate judicial officer positions into judgeships under specific 2014–15 conditions.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69618. (a) The Legislature hereby ratifies the authority of the Judicial Council to convert 10 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships in the 2014–15 fiscal year when the conversion will result in a judge being assigned to a family law or juvenile law assignment previously presided over by a subordinate judicial officer, pursuant to subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 69615. (b) The action described in subdivision (a) shall be in addition to any action that may be taken pursuant to the authority described in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 69615 to convert up to 16 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships. (Added by Stats. 2014, Ch. 311, Sec. 4. (AB 2745) Effective January 1, 2015.)
  191. 69619.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Judicial Council is authorized to convert 10 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships in the 2015–16 fiscal year if the conversion will place a judge on a family law or juvenile law assignment previously handled by a subordinate judicial officer.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69619. (a) The Legislature hereby ratifies the authority of the Judicial Council to convert 10 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships in the 2015–16 fiscal year when the conversion will result in a judge being assigned to a family law or juvenile law assignment previously presided over by a subordinate judicial officer, pursuant to subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 69615. (b) The action described in subdivision (a) shall be in addition to any action that may be taken pursuant to the authority described in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 69615 to convert up to 16 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships. (Added by Stats. 2015, Ch. 416, Sec. 4. (AB 1519) Effective January 1, 2016.)
  192. 69619.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Legislature ratifies the Judicial Council’s authority to convert 10 subordinate judicial officer positions into judgeships, if the conversion results in a judge being assigned to a family law or juvenile law assignment previously handled by a subordinate judicial officer.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69619.5. (a) The Legislature hereby ratifies the authority of the Judicial Council to convert 10 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships in the 2016–17 fiscal year when the conversion will result in a judge being assigned to a family law or juvenile law assignment previously presided over by a subordinate judicial officer, pursuant to subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 69615. (b) The action described in subdivision (a) shall be in addition to any action that may be taken pursuant to the authority described in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 69615 to convert up to 16 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships. (Added by Stats. 2016, Ch. 474, Sec. 29. (AB 2882) Effective January 1, 2017.)
  193. 69619.6.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The Legislature ratifies the Judicial Council’s authority to convert 10 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships in 2017–18, if the conversion results in a judge handling a family law or juvenile law assignment previously handled by a subordinate judicial officer.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 3. Number of Judges [69580 - 69619.6] ( Article 3 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69619.6. (a) The Legislature hereby ratifies the authority of the Judicial Council to convert 10 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships in the 2017–18 fiscal year when the conversion will result in a judge being assigned to a family law or juvenile law assignment previously presided over by a subordinate judicial officer, pursuant to subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 69615. (b) The action described in subdivision (a) shall be in addition to any action that may be taken pursuant to the authority described in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section 69615 to convert up to 16 subordinate judicial officer positions to judgeships. (Added by Stats. 2017, Ch. 330, Sec. 3. (AB 1692) Effective January 1, 2018.)
  194. 69640.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Superior Court Districts in Los Angeles County [69640- 69640.] ( Article 4 repealed and added by Stats. 2003, Ch. 149, Sec. 31. )

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    The superior court in Los Angeles County may use a local rule to create superior court districts for holding one or more court sessions.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 4. Superior Court Districts in Los Angeles County [69640- 69640.] ( Article 4 repealed and added by Stats. 2003, Ch. 149, Sec. 31. ) ## 69640. (a) The superior court in Los Angeles County may by local rule establish superior court districts within which one or more sessions of the court shall be held. (b) The superior court districts established by county ordinance and in effect as of January 1, 2003, shall continue to be recognized as the superior court districts until the court enacts a local rule as provided in subdivision (a). (Repealed and added by Stats. 2003, Ch. 149, Sec. 31. Effective January 1, 2004.)
  195. 69740.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Sessions [69740 - 69741.5] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    Trial courts must set the number and location of court sessions to ensure prompt handling of business, and the court must consider listed factors when doing so.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Sessions [69740 - 69741.5] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69740. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, each trial court shall determine the number and location of sessions of the court necessary for the prompt disposition of the business before the court. In making this determination, the court shall consider, among other factors, the impact of this provision on court employees pursuant to Section 71634, the availability and adequacy of facilities for holding the court session at the specific location, the efficiency and cost of holding the session at the specific location, any applicable security issues, and the convenience to the parties and the public served by the court. Nothing in this section precludes a session from being held in a building other than a courthouse. (b) In appropriate circumstances, upon agreement of the presiding judges of the courts, and in the discretion of the court, the location of a session may be outside the county, except that the consent of the parties shall be necessary to the holding of a criminal jury trial outside the county. The venue of a case for which session is held outside the county pursuant to this section shall be deemed to be the home county of the court in which the matter was filed. Nothing in this section shall provide a party with the right to seek a change of venue unless otherwise provided by statute. No party shall have any right to request the court to exercise its discretion under this section. (c) The Judicial Council may adopt rules to address an appropriate mechanism for sharing of expenses and resources between the court holding the session and the court hosting the session. (Repealed and added by Stats. 2003, Ch. 149, Sec. 33. Effective January 1, 2004.)
  196. 69741.1.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Sessions [69740 - 69741.5] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    A specified motion may be heard anywhere in California by the trial judge if all parties give written consent.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Sessions [69740 - 69741.5] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69741.1. A motion for new trial, motion under Code of Civil Procedure Section 663, and a motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict may, with the written consent of all parties concerned, be heard at any place in the State of California by the judge who presided at the trial. (Added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 1656.)
  197. 69741.5.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Sessions [69740 - 69741.5] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    A superior court may hold as many sessions at the same time as there are judges elected, appointed, or assigned to it.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 5. Sessions [69740 - 69741.5] ( Article 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69741.5. There may be as many sessions of a superior court, at the same time, as there are judges elected, appointed or assigned thereto. The judgments, orders, and proceedings of any session of a superior court, held by any one or more of the judges sitting therein, shall be equally effectual as though all the judges of said court presided at such session. (Added by Stats. 1966, 1st Ex. Sess., Ch. 161.)
  198. 69840.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Clerk [69840 - 69848] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The court clerk must carry out certain county clerk powers, duties, and responsibilities for judicial actions, proceedings, and records, while the county clerk is relieved of related obligations.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Clerk [69840 - 69848] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69840. (a) The clerk of the court shall exercise or perform, in addition to the powers, duties, and responsibilities provided by statute, any powers, duties, and responsibilities required or permitted to be exercised by the county clerk in connection with judicial actions, proceedings, and records. The county clerk is relieved of any obligation imposed by law on the county clerk with respect to these powers, duties, and responsibilities. (b) A deputy court clerk is subject to the provisions of Article 7 (commencing with Section 1190) of Chapter 1 of Division 4 of Title 1. (Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 302. Effective January 1, 2003.)
  199. 69841.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Clerk [69840 - 69848] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The clerk of the superior court must attend each superior court session in the county and, when required, attend the judges in chambers.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Clerk [69840 - 69848] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69841. The clerk of the superior court shall attend each session of the superior court in the county and upon the judges of the court in chambers when required. (Amended by Stats. 2003, Ch. 149, Sec. 53. Effective January 1, 2004.)
  200. 69842.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Clerk [69840 - 69848] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. )

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    The superior court clerk must keep indexes that make it easy to find any action or proceeding filed in the court.

    ## Government Code - GOV ## TITLE 8. THE ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNMENT OF COURTS [68070 - 77655] ( Title 8 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## CHAPTER 5. The Superior Courts [69504 - 70141.11] ( Chapter 5 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## ARTICLE 7. Clerk [69840 - 69848] ( Article 7 added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206. ) ## 69842. The clerk of the superior court shall keep such indexes as will insure ready reference to any action or proceeding filed in the court. There shall be separate indexes of plaintiffs and defendants in civil actions and of defendants in criminal actions. The name of each plaintiff and defendant shall be indexed and there shall appear opposite each name indexed the number of the action or proceeding and the name or names of the adverse litigant or litigants. (Added by Stats. 1953, Ch. 206.)

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