RS 32:1261

§1261. Unauthorized acts A. It shall be a violation of this Chapter: (1) For a manufacturer, a distributor, a wholesaler, distributor branch, factory branch, converter or officer, agent, or other representative thereof: (a) To induce or coerce, or attempt to induce or coerce, any licensee: (i) To order or accept delivery of any recreational product, motor vehicle or vehicles, appliances, equipment, parts or accessories therefor, or any other commodity or commodities which shall not have been voluntarily ordered. (ii) To order or accept delivery of any vehicle with special features, appliances, accessories, or equipment not included in the list price of said vehicles as publicly advertised. (iii) To order for any person any parts, accessories, equipment, machinery, tools, appliances, or any commodity whatsoever. (iv) To assent to a release, assignment, novation, waiver, or estoppel which would relieve any person from liability to be imposed by law, unless done in connection with a settlement agreement to resolve a matter pending a commission hearing or pending litigation between a manufacturer, distributor, wholesaler, distributor branch or factory branch, or officer, agent, or other representative thereof. (v) To enter into a franchise with a licensee or during the franchise term, use any written instrument, agreement, release, assignment, novation, estoppel, or waiver, to attempt to nullify or modify any provision of this Chapter, or to require any controversy between a dealer and a manufacturer to be referred to any person or entity other than the commission, or duly constituted courts of this state or the United States, if such referral would be binding upon the dealer. Such instruments are null and void, unless done in connection with a settlement agreement to resolve a matter pending a commission hearing or pending litigation. (vi) To waive the right to a jury trial. (vii) To participate in an advertising group or to participate monetarily in an advertising campaign or contest or to purchase any promotional materials, showroom, or other display decorations or materials at the expense of such motor vehicle dealer or specialty dealer. (viii) To adhere to performance standards that are not applied uniformly to other similarly situated motor vehicle dealers or specialty dealers. Any such performance standards shall be fair, reasonable, equitable, and based on accurate information. If dealership performance standards are based on a survey, the manufacturer, converter, distributor, wholesaler, distributor branch, or factory branch shall establish the objectivity of the survey process and provide this information to any motor vehicle dealer or specialty vehicle dealer of the same line make covered by the survey request. Each response to a survey used by a manufacturer in preparing an evaluation or performance-rating of a motor vehicle dealer shall be made available to that motor vehicle dealer, or it cannot be used by the manufacturer. However, if a customer requests that the manufacturer or distributor not disclose the consumer's identity to the dealer, the manufacturer may withhold the consumer's identity in providing the survey response to the dealer, and the manufacturer may use the response. Any survey used must have the following characteristics: (aa) It was designed by experts. (bb) The proper universe was examined. (cc) A representative sample was chosen. (dd) The data was accurately reported. (ix) To release, convey, or otherwise provide customer information, if to do so is unlawful or if the customer objects in writing. This does not include information that is necessary for the manufacturer to meet its obligations to the dealer or consumers in regard to contractual responsibilities, vehicle recalls, or other requirements imposed by state or federal law. The manufacturer is further prohibited from providing any consumer information received from the dealer to any unaffiliated third party. (x) To pay the attorney fees of the manufacturer or distributor related to hearings and appeals brought under this Chapter. (b) To refuse to deliver to any licensee having a franchise or contractual arrangement for the retail sale of vehicles sold or distributed by such manufacturer, distributor, wholesaler, distributor branch or factory branch, any motor vehicle, publicly advertised for immediate delivery, within sixty days after such dealer's order shall have been received. (c) To threaten to cancel any franchise or any contractual agreement existing between such manufacturer, distributor, wholesaler, distributor branch or factory branch and said dealer for any reason including but not limited to failure to meet performance standards. (d) To unfairly, without just cause and due regard to the equities of such dealer, cancel the franchise of any licensee. Failure to meet performance standards based on a survey of sales penetration in a regional, national, territorial, or other geographic area shall not be the sole cause for cancellation of a franchise. The nonrenewal of a franchise or selling agreement with such dealer or his successor without just provocation or cause, or the refusal to approve a qualified transferee or qualified successor to the dealer-operator as provided for in the franchise or selling agreement, or solely for failure to meet performance standards based on a survey of sales penetration in a regional, national, territorial, or other geographic area, shall be deemed an evasion of this Paragraph and shall constitute an unfair cancellation, regardless of the terms or provisions of such franchise or selling agreement. However, at least ninety-days notice shall be given to the dealer of any cancellation or nonrenewal of a franchise except for a cancellation arising out of the financial default of the motor vehicle dealer or fraudulent activity of the dealer principal which results in the conviction of a crime punishable by imprisonment. The provisions of this Subsection relating to performance standards shall not apply to recreational products dealers. (e) To refuse to extend to a licensee the privilege of determining the mode or manner of available transportation facility that such dealer desires to be used or employed in making deliveries of vehicles to him or it. (f) To resort to or use any false or misleading advertisement in connection with his business as such manufacturer of motor vehicles, distributor, wholesaler, distributor branch or factory branch, or officer, agent, or other representative thereof. (g) To delay, refuse, or fail to deliver motor vehicles in reasonable quantities relative to the licensee's facilities and sales potential in the relevant market area. This Subparagraph shall not be valid, however, if such failure is caused by acts or causes beyond the control of the manufacturer, distributor, or other such party. (h) To ship or sell motor vehicles or recreational products to a licensee prior to the licensee having been granted a license by the commission to sell such vehicles. (i) To unreasonably withhold consent to the sale, transfer, or exchange of the franchise to a qualified transferee capable of being licensed as a dealer in this state, provided the transferee meets the criteria generally applied by the manufacturer in approving new dealers and agrees to be bound by all the terms and conditions of the standard franchises. (j) To fail to respond in writing to a written request for consent as specified in Subparagraph (i) of this Paragraph within sixty days of receipt of a written request on the forms, if any, generally utilized by the manufacturer or distributor for such purposes and containing the information required therein. Failure to respond shall be deemed to be consent to the request. (k)(i) To sell or offer to sell a new or unused motor vehicle directly to a consumer except when any one of the following conditions is met: (aa) Operating an existing, licensed, and franchised motor vehicle dealership for a reasonable period, not to exceed two years. (bb) Operating an existing, licensed, and franchised motor vehicle dealership which is for sale to any qualified independent person at a fair and reasonable price, not to exceed two years. (cc) Operating in a bona fide relationship in which a person independent of a manufacturer has made a significant investment subject to loss in the dealership, and can reasonably expect to acquire full ownership of such dealership on reasonable terms and conditions. (ii) After any of the conditions have been met under Subitems (aa) and (bb) of Item (i) of this Subparagraph, the commission may allow the manufacturer to continue operating an existing, licensed, and franchised motor vehicle dealership for longer than two years when, in the discretion of the commission, the best interest of the manufacturer, consuming public, and licensees are best served. (l)(i) To condition the renewal or extension of a franchise on a dealer's substantial renovation of a facility or premises, if the renovation would be unreasonable under the circumstances. (ii) To require, coerce, or attempt to coerce a dealer or successor dealer to construct or substantially alter a facility or premises, if the construction or alteration would be unreasonable under the circumstances. (iii) To require, coerce, or attempt to coerce a dealer or successor dealer to construct or substantially alter a facility or premises, if the same area of the facility or premises has been constructed or substantially altered within the last ten years and the construction or alteration was required and approved by the manufacturer as a part of a facility upgrade program, standard, or policy. The provisions of this Subparagraph shall not apply to any construction, alteration, or improvement made to comply with any state or federal health or safety law, a manufacturer's or distributor's health or safety requirement, or to accommodate the technology requirements necessary to sell or to service a motor vehicle. For the purposes of this Subparagraph, "substantially alter" means to perform an alteration that substantially impacts the architectural features, characteristics, or integrity of a structure or lot. The term shall not include routine maintenance reasonably necessary to maintain a dealership in attractive condition or any item directly protected by federal intellectual property rights of the manufacturer. (aa) If a facility upgrade program, standard, or policy under which the dealer completed a facility construction or substantial alteration does not contain a specific time period during which the manufacturer or distributor shall provide payments or benefits to a participating dealer, the manufacturer or distributor shall not deny the participating dealer any payment or benefit under the terms of the program, standard, or policy as it existed when the dealer began to perform under the program, standard, or policy for the balance of the ten-year period, regardless of whether the manufacturer's or distributor's program, standard, or policy has been changed or canceled, unless the manufacturer and dealer agree, in writing, to the change in payment or benefit. (bb) As part of any facility upgrade program, standard, or policy, the manufacturer or distributor shall agree, in writing, to supply the dealer with an adequate supply and marketable model mix of motor vehicles to meet the sales levels necessary to support the increased overhead incurred by the dealer by reason of the facility construction or substantial alteration. (iv) To require, coerce, or attempt to coerce a dealer to purchase facility construction or maintenance goods or services for items not trademarked or otherwise directly protected by federal intellectual property rights of the manufacturer from a vendor that is selected, identified, or designated by a manufacturer, distributor, affiliate, or captive finance source when the dealer may obtain facility construction or maintenance goods or services for items not trademarked or otherwise directly protected by federal intellectual property rights of the manufacturer of the same quality, material, and design from a vendor selected by the dealer, provided the dealer obtains prior approval from the manufacturer, distributor, or affiliate, for the use of the dealer's selected vendor. The approval by the manufacturer, distributor, or affiliate shall not be unreasonably withheld. (aa) If the manufacturer, distributor, or affiliate does not approve the vendor chosen by the dealer and claims the vendor cannot supply facility construction or maintenance goods or services for items not trademarked or otherwise directly protected by federal intellectual property rights of the manufacturer that are the same quality, material, and design, the dealer may file a protest with the commission. (bb) If a protest is filed, the commission shall promptly inform the manufacturer, distributor, affiliate, or captive finance source that a protest has been filed. The commission shall conduct a hearing on the merits of the protest within ninety days following the filing of a response to the protest. The manufacturer, distributor, or affiliate shall bear the burden of proving that the facility construction or maintenance goods or services for items not trademarked or otherwise directly protected by federal intellectual property rights of the manufacturer chosen by the dealer are not of the same quality, material, or design to those required by the manufacturer, distributor, or affiliate. (cc) For the purposes of this Subparagraph, "goods" shall include signs or sign components to be purchased or leased by the dealer that are not trademarked or otherwise directly protected by the federal intellectual property rights of the manufacturer or distributor. The term shall not include moveable displays, brochures, and promotional materials containing material subject to the intellectual property rights of a manufacturer or distributor, special tools as reasonably required by the manufacturer, or parts to be used in repairs under warranty or recall obligations of a manufacturer or distributor. (m) To fail to compensate its dealers for the work and services they are required to perform in connection with the dealer's delivery and preparation obligations according to the terms of compensation. The commission shall find the compensation to be reasonable or the manufacturer shall remedy any deficiencies. (n) To fail to designate and provide to the commission in writing either the community or territory assigned to a licensee. The provisions of this Subparagraph shall not apply to trailers. (o) To fail or refuse to sell or offer to sell to all motor vehicle franchisees in a line make, every motor vehicle sold or offered for sale under a franchise to any motor vehicle franchisee of the same-line make, or to unreasonably require a motor vehicle dealer to pay an extra fee, purchase unreasonable advertising displays or any other materials, or to remodel, renovate, or recondition its existing facilities as a prerequisite to receiving a certain model or series of vehicles. However, the failure to deliver any such motor vehicle shall not be considered a violation of this Section if the failure is due to a lack of manufacturing capacity or to a strike or labor difficulty, a shortage of materials, a freight embargo or other cause of which the franchisor has no control. This Subparagraph shall not apply to recreational product manufacturers. (p) To unreasonably discriminate among competing, similarly situated, same-line make dealers in the sales of vehicles, in the availability of such vehicles, in the terms of incentive programs or sales promotion plans, or in other similar programs. (q) To terminate, cancel, or refuse to continue any franchise agreement based upon the fact that the motor vehicle dealer owns, has an investment in, participates in the management, or holds a franchise agreement for the sale or service of another make or line of new motor vehicles at a different dealership location, or intends to or has established another make or line of new motor vehicles in the same dealership facilities of the manufacturer or distributor. (r) To demand compliance with facilities requirements that include any requirements that a motor vehicle dealer establish or maintain exclusive office, parts, service or body shop facilities, unless the requirements would be reasonable and justified by business considerations. The burden of proving that the requirements are reasonable and justified by business considerations is on the manufacturer. If the franchise agreement of the manufacturer or distributor requires the approval of the manufacturer or distributor for facility uses or modifications, the manufacturer or distributor shall approve or disapprove such a request in writing within sixty days of receipt of such request. (s) To use any subsidiary, affiliate, or any other controlled person or entity, or to employ the services of a third party, to accomplish what would otherwise be illegal conduct under this Chapter on the part of the manufacturer or distributor. (t)(i) To operate a satellite warranty and repair center, to authorize a person to perform warranty repairs, including emergency repairs, who is not a motor vehicle dealer, fleet owner, or an emergency services company or emergency services related company, or to authorize a motor vehicle dealer to operate a satellite warranty and repair center within the community or territory of a same-line or make motor vehicle dealer. This Subparagraph shall not apply to recreational product manufacturers. For the purposes of this Subparagraph, "fleet owner" means a person, including a governmental entity, who is approved and authorized by a manufacturer to perform warranty repairs and owns or leases vehicles for its own use or a renting or leasing company that rents, maintains, or leases vehicles to a third party. For the purposes of this Subparagraph, "emergency services company or emergency services related company" means a person who operates any vehicle designated and authorized to respond to an emergency. An emergency vehicle includes but is not limited to police and security vehicles, fire and rescue vehicles, medical vehicles, and civil emergency vehicles, including public utility crews dealing with gas, electricity, or water, or the repair of defective equipment on a scene. However, notwithstanding the provisions of this Subparagraph, a manufacturer or distributor who, as of January 1, 2024, was licensed by the Louisiana Motor Vehicle Commission, either directly or through a subsidiary, to lease motor vehicles, may operate one or more licensed satellite warranty and repair centers in the state, if neither it, nor any common entity, has any franchised motor vehicle dealers within this state, or has ever had franchised motor vehicle dealers licensed in this state. This exception does not apply if the manufacturer or distributor acquires a controlling interest in a franchisor or a subsidiary or other entity controlled by the franchisor, or sold or transferred a controlling interest in the manufacturer or distributor to a franchisor or subsidiary or other entity controlled by the franchisor. "Common entity" means a person who is either directly or indirectly controlled by or has more than thirty percent of its equity interest directly or indirectly owned, beneficially or of record, through any form of ownership structure, by a manufacturer, a distributor, or a licensee, or an affiliate thereof or a person who has more than thirty percent of its equity interest directly or indirectly controlled or owned beneficially or of record, through any form of ownership or structure, by one or more persons who also directly or indirectly control or own, beneficially or of record, more than thirty percent of the equity interests of a manufacturer, a distributor, or any affiliate thereof. (ii) The manufacturer may authorize a fleet owner to perform warranty repairs if the manufacturer determines that the fleet owner has the same basic level of requirements for special tools, technician certification, and training that are required of a franchise dealer but only those as determined by the manufacturer, in its sole discretion, that are necessary to perform the specified limited type of warranty repairs on the makes and models of motor vehicles for which the fleet owner is authorized to perform warranty repairs. (iii) A manufacturer who has or has ever had franchised motor vehicle dealers in the state and authorizes a fleet owner to perform warranty repairs shall give notification of the authorization to the dealer located in the same area of responsibility where the fleet owner intends to perform the authorized warranty repairs. (iv) The provisions of Items (ii) and (iii) of this Subparagraph shall not apply to manufacturers who authorize fleet owners whose commercial vehicles are used for the movement of property, freight, or goods in intrastate or interstate commerce. (v) The commission has no authority over a fleet owner or an emergency services company or emergency services related company with respect to the requirements of this Subparagraph. (vi) A repair facility of a fleet owner authorized pursuant to this Subparagraph to perform warranty repairs shall not be deemed a satellite warranty and repair center as defined in R.S. 32:1252 and shall not be required to be licensed by the commission pursuant to R.S. 32:1254. (u) To make a change in the area of responsibility described in the franchise agreement or sales and service agreement of a dealer, without the franchisor, converter, or manufacturer giving said dealer and the commission no less than sixty days prior written notice by certified or registered mail. (v) To attempt to induce or coerce, or to induce or coerce, any motor vehicle dealer to enter into any agreement with such manufacturer, distributor, wholesaler, distributor branch or factory branch or representative thereof, or to do any other act unfair to said dealer. (w)(i) To coerce or attempt to coerce any retail motor vehicle dealer or prospective retail motor vehicle dealer to offer to sell or sell any extended service contract or extended maintenance plan or gap product offered, sold, backed by, or sponsored by the manufacturer or distributor or affiliate or sell, assign, or transfer any retail installment sales contract or lease obtained by the dealer in connection with the sale or lease by him of motor vehicles manufactured or sold by the manufacturer or distributor, to a specified finance company or class of finance companies, leasing company or class of leasing companies, or to any other specified persons by any of the following: (aa) By any statement, promise, or threat that the manufacturer or distributor will in any manner benefit or injure the dealer, whether the statement, suggestion, threat, or promise is express or implied or made directly or indirectly. (bb) By any act that will benefit or injure the dealer. (cc) By any contract, or any express or implied offer of contract, made directly or indirectly to the dealer, for handling the motor vehicle on the condition that the dealer shall offer to sell or sell any extended service contract or extended maintenance plan offered, sold, backed by, or sponsored by the manufacturer or distributor or that the dealer sell, assign, or transfer his retail installment sales contract on or lease of the vehicle, to a specified finance company or class of finance companies, leasing company or class of leasing companies, or to any other specified person. (dd) Any such statements, threats, promises, acts, contracts, or offers of contracts, when their effect may be to lessen or eliminate competition. (ii) Nothing contained in this Subparagraph shall prohibit a manufacturer or distributor from offering or providing incentive benefits or bonus programs to a retail motor vehicle dealer or prospective retail motor vehicle dealer who makes the voluntary decision to offer to sell or sell any extended service contract or extended maintenance plan offered, sold, backed, or sponsored by the manufacturer or distributor or to sell, assign, or transfer any retail installment sale or lease by him of motor vehicles manufactured or sold by the manufacturer or distributor to a specified finance company or leasing company. (x) To charge back, deny vehicle allocation, withhold payments, or take any other adverse actions against a motor vehicle dealer because of a sale of a new motor vehicle that is exported from the United States, unless it is shown that the dealer knew or reasonably should have known on the date of the sale that the new motor vehicle was to be exported. A motor vehicle dealer shall be rebuttably presumed to have no knowledge of the export if the motor vehicle is sold by the dealer to a resident of the United States who titles and registers the motor vehicle in any state within the United States. (y) To disqualify a manufacturer's sales or service satisfaction survey that pertains to a dealership employee's personal motor vehicle or specialty vehicle solely because it was mailed or communicated electronically from a dealership. (2) For a motor vehicle dealer, specialty vehicle dealer, recreational product dealer, used motor vehicle dealer, or a motor vehicle salesman: (a) To require a purchaser of a vehicle, as a condition of sale and delivery thereof, to also purchase special features, appliances, accessories, or equipment not desired or requested by the purchaser; however, this prohibition shall not apply as to special features, appliances, accessories, or equipment which are permanently affixed to the vehicle. (b) To represent and sell as a new vehicle any vehicle, the legal title of which has been transferred by a manufacturer, distributor, or dealer to an ultimate purchaser. (c) To resort to or use any false or misleading advertisement in connection with his business as such vehicle dealer or motor vehicle salesman. (d) To sell or offer to sell makes, models, or classifications of new vehicles for which no franchise and license to sell is held. (e) Except as otherwise approved by the commission, to sell or offer to sell a vehicle from an unlicensed location. (f) To deliver to a prospective purchaser a new or a used vehicle on a sale conditioned on financing, i.e., a spot delivery, except on the following terms and conditions which shall be in writing and shall be a part of the conditional sales contract or other written notification signed by the purchaser: (i) That if the sale is not concluded by the financing of the sale to the purchaser within twenty-five days of the delivery, the sale contract shall be null and void. (ii) That the vehicle being offered for trade-in by the purchaser shall not be sold by the dealer until the conditional sale is complete. (iii) That there shall be no charge to the purchaser should the conditional sale not be completed, including but not limited to mileage charges or charges to refurbish the vehicle offered for trade-in. However, the purchaser shall be responsible for any and all damages to the vehicle or other vehicles damaged by the fault of the purchaser and any and all liability incurred by the purchaser during the purchaser's custody of the vehicle to the extent provided for in R.S. 22:1296. (iv) That if the conditional sale is not completed, the dealer shall immediately refund to the purchaser upon return of the vehicle all sums placed with the dealership as a deposit or any other purpose associated with the attempted sale of the vehicle. (v) That the prospective purchaser shall return the vehicle to the dealership within forty-eight hours of notification by the dealer that the conditional sale will not be completed. If the prospective purchaser does not return the vehicle to the dealership within forty-eight hours of notification by the dealer, an authorized agent of the dealer shall have the right to recover the vehicle without the necessity of judicial process, provided that such recovery can be accomplished without unauthorized entry into a closed dwelling, whether locked or unlocked and without a breach of peace. (g) To pay a fee to any person in return for the solicitation, procurement, or production by that person of prospective purchasers for new and used vehicles, except to a salesman licensed under the provisions of this Chapter. (h) To fail to fully and completely explain each charge listed on a retail buyer's order or vehicle invoice prior to the purchase of a vehicle. (i) When selling a vehicle to a consumer, to assess any consumer services fees, which shall include fees for treating the interior upholstery of the vehicle, oil changes, roadside assistance, dealer inspections, or any other service offered by the dealer, without allowing the buyer to refuse such services and be exempt from payment for such services. The provisions of this Subparagraph shall not apply to dealer-added options or accessories which are permanently affixed to the vehicle. (j) To fail to disclose to a purchaser, in writing, which components of a specialty vehicle are subject to a manufacturer's or distributor's warranty agreement and which components are subject to a specialty vehicle dealer's or other warranty agreement. The specialty vehicle dealer shall identify in writing the location of the two nearest authorized manufacturer or distributor warranty service providers. School bus warranty repair work, except for engine and transmission repair work, may also be performed by repair facilities, authorized by the manufacturer or distributor, which are not school bus dealers. Further, nothing in this Chapter shall prohibit a manufacturer of school buses licensed by the Louisiana Motor Vehicle Commission from authorizing warranty and other repair or maintenance services to be performed at any location of a motor vehicle dealer licensed under this Chapter which holds a franchise from any affiliate or subsidiary of the school bus manufacturer. (k)(i) To fail to disclose to a purchaser in writing on the sales contract, buyer's order, or any other document that the dealer may be participating in finance charges associated with the sale. (ii) To participate in a finance charge that would result in a difference between the buy rate and the contract rate of more than three percentage points. (iii) The provisions of this Subparagraph shall apply only to transactions subject to the Louisiana Motor Vehicle Sales Finance Act. (3) For a motor vehicle or recreational product lessor or motor vehicle lessor agent: (a) To represent and sell as a new vehicle any vehicle which has been used or intended to be used and operated for leasing and rental purposes. (b) To resort to or use any false or misleading advertising in connection with the business of leasing or renting vehicles. (c) To lease, rent, sell, or offer to sell a vehicle from a location not licensed for such activity. (d) To rent or lease any vehicle which has been located within this state for a period of thirty days or more, unless such vehicle has been issued a Louisiana license plate by, and all license fees and taxes have been paid to, this state. (e) To pay a fee to any person in return for the solicitation, procurement, or production by that person of prospective lessees of vehicles, unless the person receiving the fee is a lease facilitator who holds a valid license as provided by this Chapter and a valid appointment from the motor vehicle lessor as provided by R.S. 32:1266(B)(1). The fees prohibited by this Subparagraph shall not include amounts paid to a dealer as part of the consideration for the sale or assignment of a lease or leased vehicle or other amounts paid to the dealer who transfers the title on the vehicle or assigns the lease contract to the motor vehicle lessor. (f) To fail to fully and completely explain each charge listed on a retail buyer's or lessee's order or vehicle invoice or leasing agreement prior to the lease of a vehicle. (g) When leasing a vehicle to a consumer, to assess any consumer services fees, which shall include fees for treating the interior upholstery of the vehicle, oil changes, roadside assistance, dealer inspections, or any other service offered by the motor vehicle lessor, without allowing the consumer to refuse such services and be exempt from payment for such services. The provisions of this Subparagraph shall not apply to motor vehicle lessor-added options or accessories which are permanently affixed to the vehicle. (4) For a lease facilitator: (a) To hold himself out to any person as a "leasing company", "leasing agent", "lease facilitator", or similar title, directly or indirectly engaged in the business of a lease facilitator, or otherwise engaged in the solicitation or procurement of prospective lessees for vehicles not titled in the name of and registered to the lease facilitator, without holding a valid lease facilitator license and being in compliance with the terms of this Chapter. (b) To sell or offer to sell a new vehicle. (c) To accept a fee from a dealer or consumer. (d) To sign a vehicle manufacturer's statement of origin to a vehicle, accept an assignment of a manufacturer's statement of origin to a vehicle, or otherwise assume any element of title to a new vehicle. (e) To procure or solicit prospective lessees for or on behalf of any person other than a motor vehicle lessor. (f) To act in the capacity of or engage in the business of a lease facilitator without a valid appointment from a motor vehicle lessor to act on behalf of the motor vehicle lessor in soliciting prospective lease clients or customers as provided by this Chapter. (5) For a broker: (a) To hold himself out to any person as a "broker", "purchasing company", "sales agent", or similar title, engaged in the business of broker, or otherwise engaged in the solicitation or procurement of prospective purchasers for vehicles not titled in the name of and registered to the broker, unless the broker holds a valid broker license and is in compliance with the terms of this Chapter. (b) To sell, or offer to sell, or display a new vehicle. (c) To be paid a fee by a dealer. (d) To sign a vehicle manufacturer's statement of origin to a vehicle, accept an assignment of a manufacturer's statement of origin to a vehicle, or otherwise assume any element of title to a new vehicle. (e) To act in the capacity of or engage in the business of a broker without a valid license issued as provided by this Chapter and a valid appointment from a motor vehicle lessor to act on behalf of the motor vehicle lessor in soliciting prospective lease clients or customers as provided by this Chapter. (f) To fail to execute a written brokering agreement and provide a completed copy to both of the following: (i) Any consumer entering into the brokering agreement. The completed copy shall be provided prior to the consumer's signing an agreement for the purchase of the vehicle described in the brokering agreement, or, prior to accepting one hundred dollars or more from that consumer, whichever comes first. (ii) The selling dealer. The completed copy shall be provided prior to the selling dealer's entering into a purchase agreement with the consumer at the time of delivery. (g) To accept a purchase deposit from any consumer that exceeds two point five percent of the selling price of the vehicle described in the brokering agreement. (h) To fail to refund any purchase money, including purchase deposits, upon demand by a consumer at any time prior to the consumer's signing a vehicle purchase agreement with a selling dealer of the vehicle described in the brokering agreement. (i) To fail to cancel a brokering agreement and refund, upon demand, any money paid by a consumer, including any brokerage fee, under any of the following circumstances: (i) When the final price of the brokered vehicle exceeds the purchase price listed in the brokering agreement. (ii) When the vehicle delivered is not as described in the brokering agreement. (iii) When the brokering agreement expires prior to the customer's being presented with a purchase agreement from a selling dealer arranged through the brokering dealer that contains a purchase price at or below the price listed in the brokering agreement. (j) To act as a seller and provide brokering services, both in the same transaction. (k) To fail to disclose to the consumer the dollar amount of any fee that the consumer is obligated to pay to the broker. This arrangement shall be confirmed in a brokering agreement. (l) To fail to maintain, for a minimum of three years, a copy of the executed brokering agreement and other notices and documents related to each brokered transaction. (m) To fail to advise the consumer, prior to accepting any money, that a full refund will be given if the motor vehicle ordered through the broker is not obtained for the consumer. (6) For any person or other licensee: (a) To modify a franchise during the term of the agreement or upon its renewal if the modification substantially and adversely affects the franchisee's rights, obligations, investment, or return on investment without giving sixty days written notice of the proposed modification to the licensee and the commission which includes the grounds upon which the modification is based, unless the modification is required by law, court order, or the commission. Within the sixty day notice period the licensee may file with the commission a complaint for a determination whether there is good cause for permitting the proposed modification. The party seeking to modify or replace an agreement shall demonstrate by a preponderance of the evidence that there is good cause for the modification or replacement. The commission shall schedule a hearing within sixty days to decide the matter. Multiple complaints pertaining to the same proposed modifications shall be consolidated for hearing. The proposed modification may not take effect pending the determination of the matter. (b) In making a determination of whether there is good cause for permitting a proposed modification, the commission may consider any relevant factor including: (i) The reasons for the proposed modification. (ii) Whether the proposed modification is applied to or affects all licensees in a nondiscriminating manner. (iii) The degree to which the proposed modification will have a substantial and adverse effect upon the licensee's investment or return on investment. (iv) Whether the proposed modification is in the public interest. (v) The degree to which the proposed modification is necessary to the orderly and profitable distribution of vehicles and other services by the licensee. (vi) Whether the proposed modification is offset by other modifications beneficial to the licensee. (c) The decision of the commission shall be in writing and shall contain findings of fact and a determination of whether there is good cause for permitting the proposed modification. The commission shall deliver copies of the decision to the parties personally or by registered mail. (7) For any employee of a licensee while acting in the scope of his employment, to accept any payment, commission, fee, or compensation of any kind from any person other than the employing licensee, unless such payment is fully disclosed to and approved by the employing licensee. B. The provisions of this Section shall not apply to a dealer, manufacturer, distributor, wholesaler, distributor branch, factory branch, or convertor of marine products, motorcycles or all-terrain vehicles, or recreational vehicles, or any officer, agent, or other representative thereof. Acts 1999, No. 1084, §1; Acts 2005, No. 121, §1; Acts 2005, No. 500, §1, eff. July 12, 2005; Acts 2007, No. 27, §1, eff. June 18, 2007; Acts 2007, No. 170, §1, eff. June 27, 2007; Acts 2008, No. 415, §2, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2008, No. 483, §1; Acts 2009, No. 403, §1, eff. July 7, 2009; Acts 2010, No. 1036, §1; Acts 2011, No. 89, §1; Acts 2012, No. 150, §1; Acts 2012, No. 326, §1; Acts 2013, No. 61, §1; Acts 2014, No. 770, §1; Acts 2015, No. 170, §1; Acts 2015, No. 435, §1; Acts 2016, No. 530, §1; Acts 2017, No. 45, §1, eff. June 3, 2017; Acts 2022, No. 258, §1; Acts 2025, No. 408, §1, eff. June 20, 2025.