Education Code § 37.0021

Sec. 37.0021. USE OF CONFINEMENT, RESTRAINT, SECLUSION, AND TIME-OUT. (a) It is the policy of this state to treat with dignity and respect all students, including students with disabilities who receive special education services under Subchapter A, Chapter 29. A student with a disability who receives special education services under Subchapter A, Chapter 29, may not be confined in a locked box, locked closet, or other specially designed locked space as either a discipline management practice or a behavior management technique. (b) In this section: (1) "Restraint" means the use of physical force or a mechanical device to significantly restrict the free movement of all or a portion of a student's body. (2) "Seclusion" means a behavior management technique in which a student is confined in a locked box, locked closet, or locked room that: (A) is designed solely to seclude a person; and (B) contains less than 50 square feet of space. (3) "Time-out" means a behavior management technique in which, to provide a student with an opportunity to regain self-control, the student is separated from other students for a limited period in a setting: (A) that is not locked; and (B) from which the exit is not physically blocked by furniture, a closed door held shut from the outside, or another inanimate object. (4) "Law enforcement duties" means activities of a peace officer relating to the investigation and enforcement of state criminal laws and other duties authorized by the Code of Criminal Procedure. (5) "Taser" means a device manufactured, sold, or distributed by Taser International, Incorporated, that is intended, designed, made, or adapted to incapacitate a person by inflicting an electrical charge through the emission of a projectile or conductive stream. The term, for purposes of this section, includes a similar device manufactured, sold, or distributed by another person. (c) A school district employee or volunteer or an independent contractor of a district may not place a student in seclusion. This subsection does not apply to the use of seclusion in a court-ordered placement, other than a placement in an educational program of a school district, or in a placement or facility to which the following law, rules, or regulations apply: (1) the Children's Health Act of 2000, Pub. L. No. 106-310, any subsequent amendments to that Act, any regulations adopted under that Act, or any subsequent amendments to those regulations; (2) 40 T.A.C. Sections 720.1001-720.1013; or (3) 25 T.A.C. Section 412.308(e). (d) Subject to Subsection (j), the commissioner by rule shall adopt procedures for the use of restraint and time-out by a school district employee or volunteer or an independent contractor of a district in the case of a student with a disability receiving special education services under Subchapter A, Chapter 29. A procedure adopted under this subsection must: (1) be consistent with: (A) professionally accepted practices and standards of student discipline and techniques for behavior management; and (B) relevant health and safety standards; (2) establish crisis prevention and intervention training requirements for school district personnel, including: (A) standards for determining which personnel, including support staff and law enforcement, should receive the training and the amount of training each of those individuals should receive, prioritizing the amount of training and training that includes physical interventions based on the individual's risk of being involved in a student-involved crisis situation; (B) recommendations for the minimum frequency of crisis prevention and intervention training as included in the continuing education and training clearinghouse published under Section 21.4514; and (C) provisions allowing for any training required under this subsection to be combined with or substituted for other related required training if a majority of the content in the related training addresses content in the training required under this subsection, including: (i) trauma-informed care training required under Section 38.036; and (ii) training on strategies for establishing and maintaining positive relationships among students, including conflict resolution, required under Section 21.451(d)(3)(B); and (3) require a school district to: (A) provide written notification to the student's parent or person standing in parental relation to the student for each use of restraint that includes: (i) the name of the student; (ii) the name of the district employee or volunteer or independent contractor of the district who administered the restraint; (iii) the date of the restraint; (iv) the time that the restraint started and ended; (v) the location of the restraint; (vi) the nature of the restraint; (vii) a description of the activity in which the student was engaged immediately preceding the use of the restraint; (viii) the behavior of the student that prompted the restraint; (ix) any efforts made to de-escalate the situation and any alternatives to restraint that were attempted; (x) if the student has a behavior improvement plan or a behavioral intervention plan, whether the plan may need to be revised as a result of the behavior that led to the restraint; and (xi) if the student does not have a behavior improvement plan or a behavioral intervention plan, information on the procedure for the student's parent or person standing in parental relation to the student to request an admission, review, and dismissal committee meeting to discuss the possibility of conducting a functional behavioral assessment of the student and developing a plan for the student; (B) include in a student's special education eligibility school records: (i) a copy of the written notification provided to the student's parent or person standing in parental relation to the student under Paragraph (A); (ii) information on the method by which the written notification was sent to the parent or person; and (iii) the contact information for the parent or person to whom the district sent the notification; and (C) if the student has a behavior improvement plan or behavioral intervention plan, document each use of time-out prompted by a behavior of the student specified in the student's plan, including a description of the behavior that prompted the time-out. (e) In the case of a conflict between a rule adopted under Subsection (d) and a rule adopted under Subchapter A, Chapter 29, the rule adopted under Subsection (d) controls. (f) For purposes of this subsection, "weapon" includes any weapon described under Section 37.007(a)(1). This section does not prevent a student's locked, unattended confinement in an emergency situation while awaiting the arrival of law enforcement personnel if: (1) the student possesses a weapon; and (2) the confinement is necessary to prevent the student from causing bodily harm to the student or another person. (g) This section and any rules or procedures adopted under this section do not apply to: (1) a peace officer performing law enforcement duties, except as provided by Subsection (i); (2) juvenile probation, detention, or corrections personnel; or (3) an educational services provider with whom a student is placed by a judicial authority, unless the services are provided in an educational program of a school district. (h) This section and any rules or procedures adopted under this section apply to a peace officer only if the peace officer: (1) is employed or commissioned by a school district; or (2) provides, as a school resource officer, a regular police presence on a school district campus under a memorandum of understanding between the district and a local law enforcement agency. (i) A school district shall report electronically to the agency, in accordance with standards provided by commissioner rule, information relating to the use of restraint by a peace officer performing law enforcement duties on school property or during a school-sponsored or school-related activity. A report submitted under this subsection must be consistent with the requirements adopted by commissioner rule for reporting the use of restraint involving students with disabilities. (j) A peace officer performing law enforcement duties or school security personnel performing security-related duties on school property or at a school-sponsored or school-related activity may not restrain or use a chemical irritant spray or Taser on a student enrolled in fifth grade or below unless the student poses a serious risk of harm to the student or another person. Added by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 212, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 2001. Amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 1055, Sec. 6, eff. June 20, 2003. Amended by: Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 691 (H.B. 359), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2011. Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 691 (H.B. 359), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2011. Acts 2021, 87th Leg., R.S., Ch. 225 (H.B. 785), Sec. 2, eff. June 4, 2021. Acts 2023, 88th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1042 (S.B. 133), Sec. 1, eff. June 18, 2023. Acts 2023, 88th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1042 (S.B. 133), Sec. 2, eff. June 18, 2023. Acts 2025, 89th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1065 (H.B. 2), Sec. 7.06, eff. September 1, 2025.