Insurance Code § 443.256

Sec. 443.256. SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR THIRD-PARTY CLAIMS. (a) When any third party asserts a cause of action against an insured of an insurer in liquidation, the third party may file a claim with the liquidator on or before the last day for filing claims. (b) Whether or not the third party files a claim, the insured may file a claim on the insured's own behalf in the liquidation. (c) The liquidator may make recommendations to the receivership court for the allowance of an insured's claim after consideration of the probable outcome of any pending action against the insured on which the claim is based, the probable damages recoverable in the action, and the probable costs and expenses of defense. After allowance by the receivership court, the liquidator shall withhold any distribution payable on the claim, pending the outcome of litigation and negotiation between the insured and the third party. The liquidator may reconsider the claim as provided in Section 443.253(j). As claims against the insured are settled or barred, the insured or third party, as appropriate, shall be paid from the amount withheld the same percentage distribution as was paid on other claims of like priority, based on the lesser of the amount actually due from the insured by action or paid by agreement plus the reasonable costs and expense of defense, or the amount allowed on the claims by the receivership court. After all claims are settled or barred, any sum remaining from the amount withheld shall revert to the undistributed property of the insurer. (d) If several claims founded upon one policy are timely filed under this section, whether by third parties or as claims by the insured, and the aggregate amount of the timely filed allowed claims exceeds the aggregate policy limits, the liquidator may: (1) apportion the policy limits ratably among the timely filed allowed claims; or (2) give notice to the insured, known third parties, and affected guaranty associations that the aggregate policy limits have been exceeded. On and after the 30th day after the date of the liquidator's notice, further amounts may not be allowed, the policy limits shall be apportioned ratably among the timely filed allowed claims, and any additional claims shall be rejected. (e) Claims by the insured under Subsection (d) must be evaluated as described by Subsection (c). If any insured's claim is subsequently reduced under Subsection (c), the amount freed by the reduction must be apportioned ratably among the claims which have been reduced under Subsection (d). (f) A claim may not be allowed under this section to the extent the claim is covered by any guaranty association. (g) A claimant may withdraw a proof of claim with the liquidator's approval. The liquidator may approve the withdrawal only upon a showing of good cause and after giving notice of the withdrawal to the insured. (h) The filing of a proof of claim in connection with a claim against an insured has the following effect on the rights of the claimant and the insured: (1) By filing a proof of claim, a claimant waives any right to pursue the personal assets of the insured with respect to the claim, to the extent of the coverage or policy limits provided by the insurer, and agrees that to the extent of the coverage or policy limits provided by the insurer, the claimant will seek satisfaction of the claim against the insured solely from distributions paid by the liquidator on the claim and from any payments that a guaranty association may pay on account of the claim, except as provided in this section. (2) The waiver provided under this section is conditioned upon the cooperation of the insured with the liquidator and any applicable guaranty association in the defense of the claim. The waiver provided under this section does not operate to: (A) discharge the guaranty association from any of the association's responsibilities and duties; (B) release the insured with respect to any claim in excess of the coverage or policy limits provided by the insurer or any other responsible party; or (C) release the insured with respect to any claim by a guaranty association for reimbursement under the law applicable to the guaranty association. (3) The waiver provided under this section is void if: (A) a claimant withdraws the claimant's proof of claim under Subsection (g); or (B) the liquidator avoids insurance coverage in connection with a proof of the claim. (4) The liquidator shall provide, where applicable, notice of the election of remedies provision in this section on any proof of claim form the liquidator distributes. The notice must be inserted above the claimant's signature line in typeface not smaller than the typeface of the rest of the notice and, in any event not smaller than a 14-point font, and must include a statement substantially similar to the following: "I understand by filing this claim in the estate of the insurer I am waiving any right to pursue the personal assets of the insured to the extent that there are policy limits or coverage provided by the now insolvent insurer." Added by Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 995 (H.B. 2157), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2005. Redesignated from Insurance Code - Not Codified, Art/Sec 21A.256 by Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 730 (H.B. 2636), Sec. 3B.004(a)(1), eff. September 1, 2007. Amended by: Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 730 (H.B. 2636), Sec. 3B.004(ee), eff. September 1, 2007. Redesignated from Insurance Code - Not Codified, Art/Sec 21A.256 by Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 921 (H.B. 3167), Sec. 9.004(a)(1), eff. September 1, 2007. Amended by: Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 921 (H.B. 3167), Sec. 9.004(ee), eff. September 1, 2007.