This section says owners may vote by specified methods, and a property owners’ association generally does not have to offer more than one method unless a dedicatory instrument says otherwise.
Sec. 209.00592. VOTING; QUORUM. (a) Subject to Subsection (a-1), the voting rights of an owner may be cast or given: (1) in person or by proxy at a meeting of the property owners' association; (2) by absentee ballot in accordance with this section; (3) by electronic ballot in accordance with this section; or (4) by any method of representative or delegated voting provided by a dedicatory instrument. (a-1) Except as provided by this subsection, unless a dedicatory instrument provides otherwise, a property owners' association is not required to provide an owner with more than one voting method. An owner must be allowed to vote by one of the following voting methods: (1) absentee ballot; (2) proxy; or (3) electronic ballot. (b) An absentee or electronic ballot: (1) may be counted as an owner present and voting for the purpose of establishing a quorum only for items appearing on the ballot; (2) may not be counted, even if properly delivered, if the owner attends any meeting to vote in person, so that any vote cast at a meeting by a property owner supersedes any vote submitted by absentee or electronic ballot previously submitted for that proposal; and (3) may not be counted on the final vote of a proposal if the motion was amended at the meeting to be different from the exact language on the absentee or electronic ballot. (b-1) For purposes of Subsection (b), a nomination taken from the floor in a board member election is not considered an amendment to the proposal for the election. (c) A solicitation for votes by absentee ballot must include: (1) an absentee ballot that contains each proposed action and provides an opportunity to vote for or against each proposed action; (2) instructions for delivery of the completed absentee ballot, including the delivery location; and (3) the following language: "By casting your vote via absentee ballot you will forgo the opportunity to consider and vote on any action from the floor on these proposals, if a meeting is held. This means that if there are amendments to these proposals your votes will not be counted on the final vote on these measures. If you desire to retain this ability, please attend any meeting in person. You may submit an absentee ballot and later choose to attend any meeting in person, in which case any in-person vote will prevail." (d) For the purposes of this section, "electronic ballot" means a ballot: (1) given by: (A) e-mail; (B) facsimile; or (C) posting on an Internet website; (2) for which the identity of the property owner submitting the ballot can be confirmed; and (3) for which the property owner may receive a receipt of the electronic transmission and receipt of the owner's ballot. (e) If an electronic ballot is posted on an Internet website, a notice of the posting shall be sent to each owner that contains instructions on obtaining access to the posting on the website. (f) This section supersedes any contrary provision in a dedicatory instrument. (g) This section does not apply to a property owners' association that is subject to Chapter 552, Government Code, by application of Section 552.0036, Government Code. Added by Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1026 (H.B. 2761), Sec. 3, eff. January 1, 2012. Amended by: Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 248 (S.B. 862), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2015. Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1183 (S.B. 1168), Sec. 14, eff. September 1, 2015. Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 324 (S.B. 1488), Sec. 16.001, eff. September 1, 2017. Acts 2025, 89th Leg., R.S., Ch. 79 (S.B. 2629), Sec. 5, eff. September 1, 2025.