Zambia Act or statute

Zambia legislation

Defamation Act, 1953

broadcastingcase consolidationcorrection and apology offerscourt costscourt proceedingsdamagesdefamationdefamation claimsdefamation defencedefinitionsfalse statementslitigationmediamedia publishingmeetingsnews medianews reportingnewspaper publishingnewspaper reportspublic proceedingspublishingreportingreputationslanderspeech

Jurisdiction: Zambia
Structure: 33 provisions
Citation: Act 46 of 1953
Dates: Source version 31 Dec 1996

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Dates: Source version 31 Dec 1996

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Purpose and legislative effect

“This section says the Act may be cited as the Defamation Act.”

This section says the Act may be cited as the Defamation Act. This section defines several terms used in the Act, including “authenticated report,” “newspaper,” “wireless broadcasting,” and “words.” In certain slander cases about a person’s office, profession, trade, or business reputation, special damage does not need to be alleged or proved. In slander actions about imputing unchastity or adultery to a woman or girl, the plaintiff does not need to allege or prove special damage. In certain actions for slander of title, slander of goods, or other malicious falsehood, special damage does not need to be alleged or proved if the words are likely to cause pecuniary damage in the ways described.

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Short title ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

This section says the Act may be cited as the Defamation Act.

Section 1

Qualiﬁed privilege of newspapers ............................................................................................................................................................ 2

Newspaper publication of scheduled reports or matters is privileged unless malice is proved.

Section 9

Extracts from authenticated reports ...................................................................................................................................................... 5

In libel actions about printing or wireless broadcasting an extract or abstract of an authenticated report, proving it was such a report extract/abstract and published bona fide without malice is a good defence.

Section 17

Justiﬁcation ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2

A fair and accurate copy or extract may relate to a public register or another document that the law requires to be open to public inspection.

Section 6

Limitation on privilege at elections ...................................................................................................................................................... 4

For the listed countries and territories, the Schedule applies as it does to Her Britannic Majesty’s dominions, and references to those dominions are read accordingly.

Section 14

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Showing 33 of 33 provisions

Provision 15Amendment 9Commencement 5Short title 2

§ 1Short title ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1Short title

This section says the Act may be cited as the Defamation Act.

1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Defamation Act.

Section 1Verify source

§ 2Interpretation .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1Amendment

This section defines several terms used in the Act, including “authenticated report,” “newspaper,” “wireless broadcasting,” and “words.”

2. Interpretation In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires— "authenticated report" means a report, paper, votes or proceedings published by the order or under the authority of the President, the Cabinet or the National Assembly; "newspaper" means any paper containing public news or observations thereon, or consisting wholly or mainly of advertisements, which is printed for sale and is published in Zambia either periodically or in parts or numbers at intervals not exceeding thirty-six days; "wireless broadcasting" means publication for general reception by means of radiotelephonic emissions intended to be received by the public, and "broadcast by wireless" shall be construed accordingly; "words" includes pictures, visual images, gestures and other methods of signifying meaning. [As amended by G.N. No. 303 of 1964]

Section 2Verify source

§ 3Slander affecting ofﬁcial, professional or business reputation ...................................................................................................... 1Provision

In certain slander cases about a person’s office, profession, trade, or business reputation, special damage does not need to be alleged or proved.

3. Slander affecting ofﬁcial, professional or business reputation In an action for slander in respect of words calculated to disparage the plaintiff in any ofﬁce, profession, calling, trade or business held or carried on by him at the time of the publication, it shall not be necessary to allege or prove special damage, whether or not the words are spoken of the plaintiff in the way of his ofﬁce, profession, calling, trade or business.

Section 3Verify source

§ 4Slander of women .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 1Provision

In slander actions about imputing unchastity or adultery to a woman or girl, the plaintiff does not need to allege or prove special damage.

4. Slander of women In an action for slander in respect of words imputing unchastity or adultery to any woman or girl, it shall not be necessary to allege or prove special damage: Provided that in any such action a plaintiff shall not recover more costs than damages unless the court before which the action is brought shall certify that there was reasonable ground for bringing the action. By Laws.Africa and contributors. Licensed under CC-BY. Share widely and freely. 1 Defamation Act, 1953 (Chapter 68) Zambia

Section 4Verify source

§ 5Slander of title, etc. ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 2Provision

In certain actions for slander of title, slander of goods, or other malicious falsehood, special damage does not need to be alleged or proved if the words are likely to cause pecuniary damage in the ways described.

5. Slander of title, etc. (1) In an action for slander of title, slander of goods or other malicious falsehood, it shall not be necessary to allege or prove special damage— (a) (b) if the words upon which the action is founded are calculated to cause pecuniary damage to the plaintiff and are published in writing or other permanent form; or if the said words are calculated to cause pecuniary damage to the plaintiff in respect of any ofﬁce, profession, calling, trade or business held or carried on by him at the time of the publication. (2) Subsection (1) of section eighteen shall apply for the purposes of this section as it applies for the purposes of the law of libel and slander.

Section 5Verify source

§ 6Justiﬁcation ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2Provision

In libel or slander cases with multiple charges, a justification defence does not fail just because every charge is not proved true, if the unproved words do not materially harm the plaintiff’s reputation.

6. Justiﬁcation In an action for libel or slander in respect of words contained in two or more distinct charges against the plaintiff, a defence of justiﬁcation shall not fail by reason only that the truth of every charge is not proved if the words not proved to be true do not materially injure the plaintiff's reputation having regard to the truth of the remaining charges.

Section 6Verify source

§ 7Fair comment .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2Provision

In libel or slander cases, a fair comment defence does not fail just because every factual allegation is not proved, if the opinion is fair comment based on the proved facts.

7. Fair comment In an action for libel or slander in respect of words consisting partly of allegations of fact and partly of expressions of opinion, a defence of fair comment shall not fail by reason only that the truth of every allegation of fact is not proved if the expression of opinion is fair comment having regard to such of the facts alleged or referred to in the words complained of as are proved.

Section 7Verify source

§ 8Newspaper reports of proceedings in court privileged .................................................................................................................... 2Provision

A fair and accurate newspaper report of proceedings publicly heard before a court in Zambia is absolutely privileged if published at the same time as the proceedings; this does not authorise publication of blasphemous or indecent matter.

8. Newspaper reports of proceedings in court privileged A fair and accurate report in any newspaper of proceedings publicly heard before any court exercising judicial authority within Zambia shall, if published contemporaneously with such proceedings, be absolutely privileged: Provided that nothing in this section shall authorise the publication of any blasphemous or indecent matter.

Section 8Verify source

§ 9Qualiﬁed privilege of newspapers ............................................................................................................................................................ 2Commencement

Newspaper publication of scheduled reports or matters is privileged unless malice is proved.

9. Qualiﬁed privilege of newspapers (1) Subject to the provisions of this section, the publication in a newspaper of any report or other matter as is mentioned in the Schedule shall be privileged unless the publication is proved to be made with malice. (2) In an action for libel in respect of any such report or matter as is mentioned in Part II of the Schedule, the provisions of this section shall not be a defence if it is proved that the defendant has been requested by the plaintiff to publish in the newspaper in which the original publication was made a reasonable letter or statement by way of explanation or contradiction, and has refused or neglected to do so, or has done so in a manner not adequate or not reasonable having regard to all the circumstances. (3) Nothing in this section shall be construed as protecting the publication of any matter the publication of which is prohibited by law, or of any matter which is not of public concern and the publication of which is not for the public beneﬁt. (4) Nothing in this section shall be construed as limiting or abridging any privilege subsisting (otherwise than by virtue of section 4 of the Law of Libel Amendment Act, 1888, of the United Kingdom) immediately before the commencement of this Act. By Laws.Africa and contributors. Licensed under CC-BY. Share widely and freely. 2 Defamation Act, 1953 (Chapter 68) Zambia

Section 9Verify source

Part

Schedule, the provisions of this section shall not be a defence if it is proved that the defendant has

§ 10Plea of publication without malice and negligence, with apology ........................................................................................... 3Commencement

In a newspaper or periodical libel case, the defendant may plead lack of actual malice and gross negligence if a full apology was published or offered; but the defendant must pay money into court when filing the plea.

10. Plea of publication without malice and negligence, with apology (1) In an action for libel contained in any newspaper or other periodical publication, it shall be competent to the defendant to plead that such libel was inserted in such newspaper or other periodical publication without actual malice, and without gross negligence, and that before the commencement of the action, or at the earliest opportunity afterwards, he inserted in such newspaper or other periodical publication a full apology for the said libel, or, if the newspaper or other periodical publication in which the said libel appeared should ordinarily be published at intervals exceeding one week, had offered to publish the said apology in any newspaper or periodical publication to be selected by the plaintiff in such action and to such plea to such action it shall be competent to the plaintiff to reply generally, denying the whole of such plea. (2) No plea shall be ﬁled under the provisions of subsection (1) unless the defendant, at the time of ﬁling such plea, makes a payment of money into court by way of amends, and any plea ﬁled without such payment into court shall be considered a nullity and may be treated as such by the plaintiff in the action.

Section 10Verify source

§ 11Unintentional defamation ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3Amendment

A person accused of defaming someone may offer amends if they claim the publication was innocent, and the offer must be formal and supported by an affidavit.

11. Unintentional defamation (1) A person who has published words alleged to be defamatory of another person may, if he claims that the words were published by him innocently in relation to that other person, make an offer of amends under this section; and in any such case— (a) (b) if the offer is accepted by the party aggrieved and is duly performed, no proceedings for libel or slander shall be taken or continued by that party against the person making the offer in respect of the publication in question (but without prejudice to any cause of action against any other person jointly responsible for that publication); if the offer is not accepted by the party aggrieved, then, except as otherwise provided by this section, it shall be a defence, in any proceedings by him for libel or slander against the person making the offer in respect of the publication in question, to prove that the words complained of were published by the defendant innocently in relation to the plaintiff and that the offer was made as soon as practicable after the defendant received notice that they were or might be defamatory of the plaintiff, and has not been withdrawn. (2) An offer of amends under this section must be expressed to be made for the purposes of this section, and must be accompanied by an afﬁdavit specifying the facts relied upon by the person making it to show that the words in question were published by him innocently in relation to the party aggrieved; and for the purposes of a defence under paragraph (b) of subsection (1) no evidence, other than evidence of facts speciﬁed in the afﬁdavit, shall be admissible on behalf of that person to prove that the words were so published. (3) An offer of amends under this section shall be understood to mean an offer— (a) in any case, to publish or join in the publication of a suitable correction of the words complained of, and a sufﬁcient apology to the party aggrieved in respect of those words; (b) where copies of a document or record containing the said words have been distributed by or with the knowledge of the person making the offer, to take such steps as are reasonably practicable on his part for notifying persons to whom copies have been so distributed that the words are alleged to be defamatory of the party aggrieved. (4) Where an offer of amends under this section is accepted by the person aggrieved— (a) any question of the steps to be taken in fulﬁlment of the offer as so accepted shall, in default of agreement between the parties, be referred to and determined by the High Court, whose decision thereon shall be ﬁnal; (b) the power of the court to make orders as to costs in the proceedings by the party aggrieved against the party making the offer in respect of the publication in question, or in proceedings By Laws.Africa and contributors. Licensed under CC-BY. Share widely and freely. 3 Defamation Act, 1953 (Chapter 68) Zambia in respect of the offer under paragraph (a), shall include power to order the payment by the person making the offer to the party aggrieved of costs on an indemnity basis and any expenses reasonably incurred or to be incurred by that party in consequence of the publication in question; and if no such proceedings as aforesaid are taken, the High Court may, upon application of the party aggrieved, make any such order for the payment of such costs and expenses as aforesaid as could be made in such proceedings. (5) For the purposes of this section, words shall be treated as published by one person (in this subsection referred to as the publisher) innocently in relation to another if and only if the following conditions are satisﬁed, that is to say: (a) (b) that the publisher did not intend to publish them of and concerning that other person, and did not know of circumstances by virtue of which they might be understood to refer to him; or that the words were not defamatory on the face of them, and the publisher did not know of circumstances by virtue of which they might be understood to be defamatory of that other person; and in either case that the publisher exercised all reasonable care in relation to the publication; and any reference in this subsection to the publisher shall be construed as including a reference to any servant or agent of his who was concerned with the contents of the publication. (6) Paragraph (b) of subsection (1) shall not apply in relation to the publication by any person of words of which he is not the author unless he proves that the words were written by the author without malice.

Section 11Verify source

§ 12Mitigation of damages ............................................................................................................................................................................... 4Commencement

In libel or slander actions, the defendant may give evidence to reduce damages, including evidence about an apology or the plaintiff’s prior recoveries or compensation.

12. Mitigation of damages (1) (2) In any action for libel or slander, the defendant may, after giving notice of his intention so to do to the plaintiff at the time of ﬁling or delivering the plea in such action, give evidence in mitigation of damages that he made or offered an apology to the plaintiff, in respect of the words complained of, before the commencement of the action or as soon thereafter as he had an opportunity of so doing where the action was commenced before there was an opportunity of making or offering such apology. In any action for libel or slander, the defendant may give evidence in mitigation of damages that the plaintiff has recovered damages, or has brought actions for damages, for libel or slander in respect of the publication of words to the same effect as the words on which the action is founded, or has received or agreed to receive compensation in respect of any such publication.

Section 12Verify source

§ 13Agreements for indemnity ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4Provision

An indemnity agreement against civil liability for libel is not unlawful unless the person publishing the matter knows it is defamatory and does not reasonably believe there is a good defence.

13. Agreements for indemnity An agreement for indemnifying any person against civil liability for libel in respect of the publication of any matter shall not be unlawful unless at the time of the publication that person knows that the matter is defamatory, and does not reasonably believe that there is a good defence to any action brought upon it.

Section 13Verify source

§ 14Limitation on privilege at elections ...................................................................................................................................................... 4Amendment

Defamatory statements published by or for a candidate in a local authority or National Assembly election are not treated as privileged just because they relate to an issue in the election.

14. Limitation on privilege at elections A defamatory statement published by or on behalf of a candidate in any election to any local authority or to the National Assembly shall not be deemed to be published on a privileged occasion on the ground that it is material to a question in issue in the election, whether or not the person by whom it is published is qualiﬁed to vote at the election. [As amended by G.N. No. 303 of 1964] By Laws.Africa and contributors. Licensed under CC-BY. Share widely and freely. 4 Defamation Act, 1953 (Chapter 68) Zambia

Section 14Verify source

§ 15Consolidation of actions ............................................................................................................................................................................ 5Provision

A judge or court may consolidate defamation actions brought by the same person against two or more defendants, and the court must then assess damages and apportion costs as stated.

15. Consolidation of actions (1) It shall be competent for a Judge or the court, upon the application by or on behalf of two or more defendants in actions in respect to the same, or substantially the same, defamatory statement brought by one and the same person, to make an order for the consolidation of such actions so that they shall be tried together. (2) After any order has been made under the provisions of subsection (1), and before the trial of the consolidated actions, the defendants in any new actions instituted in respect of the same, or substantially the same, defamatory statement, shall also be entitled to be joined in a common action upon a joint application being made by such new defendants and the defendants in the actions already consolidated. (3) In a consolidated action under this section, the court shall assess the whole amount of damages (if any) in one sum, but a separate verdict shall be given for or against each defendant in the same way as if the actions consolidated had been tried separately, and if the court shall have found a verdict against the defendants in more than one of the actions so consolidated it shall proceed to apportion the amount of damages which it has so assessed between and against the said last-mentioned defendants, and if costs of the action are awarded to the plaintiff the court shall thereupon make such order as shall seem just for the apportionment of such costs between and against such defendants. (4) For the purposes of this section, "defamatory statement" includes libel, slander, slander of title, slander of goods, and other malicious falsehood.

Section 15Verify source

§ 16Proceedings in respect of publication of authenticated reports ................................................................................................. 5Commencement

In certain libel actions about authenticated reports, the defendant may file specified certificates or reports, and the court must stay the action if the section’s requirements are met.

16. Proceedings in respect of publication of authenticated reports (1) It shall be lawful for the defendant in an action for libel in respect of the publication by him or his servant of any authenticated report to bring before the court in which such action is commenced a certiﬁcate under the hand of the Speaker of the National Assembly or the Secretary-General to the Government stating that the authenticated report was published by the defendant or his servant by the order or under the authority of the National Assembly or the Cabinet, as the case may be, together with an afﬁdavit verifying such certiﬁcate, and the court shall thereupon stay such action, and the action and every writ and process issued therein shall be and shall be deemed and taken to be ﬁnally put an end to, determined and superseded by virtue of this section. (2) Where a defendant intends to bring a certiﬁcate before a court under the provisions of subsection (1), he shall give at least twenty-four hours' notice of such intention to the plaintiff in the action. (3) Where any action for libel is commenced in respect of the publication of any copy of an authenticated report, the defendant may at any stage in the proceedings lay before the court such authenticated report, and such copy, with an addidavit verifying such authenticated report and the correctness of such copy, and the court shall thereupon stay the action, and such action and every writ and process issued therein shall be and shall be deemed and taken to be ﬁnally put an end to, determined and superseded by virtue of this section. [As amended by G.N. No. 303 of 1964]

Section 16Verify source

§ 17Extracts from authenticated reports ...................................................................................................................................................... 5Provision

17. Extracts from authenticated reports In any action for libel in respect of the printing or wireless broadcasting of any extract from or abstract of an authenticated report, it shall be a good defence to show that the matter in question was in fact an extract from or an abstract of an authenticated report and that the publication thereof was bona ﬁde and without malice. By Laws.Africa and contributors. Licensed under CC-BY. Share widely and freely. 5 Defamation Act, 1953 (Chapter 68) Zambia

Section 17Verify source

§ 18Wireless broadcasting ................................................................................................................................................................................. 6Substitution

Wireless broadcasting is treated as publication in permanent form for libel and slander, and certain newspaper-report rules also apply to some wireless broadcasts.

18. Wireless broadcasting (1) For the purposes of the law of libel and slander, the publication of words by wireless broadcasting shall be treated as publication in a permanent form. (2) Sections eight and nine shall apply in relation to reports or matters broadcast by wireless as part of any programme or service provided by means of a broadcasting station within Zambia, and in relation to the wireless broadcasting of such reports or matters, as they apply in relation to reports and matters published in a newspaper and to publication in a newspaper, and subsection (2) of section nine shall have effect, in relation to any such wireless broadcasting, as if for the words "in the newspaper in which" there were substituted the words "in the manner in which" (3) In this section, "broadcasting station" has the meaning assigned to it by the Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation Act. [Cap. 154]

Section 18Verify source

§ 19Proceedings affected and savings .......................................................................................................................................................... 6Commencement

This section says the Act applies to proceedings started after commencement, even if the cause of action arose earlier, and it does not affect proceedings started before commencement or certain privileges and criminal libel law.

19. Proceedings affected and savings (1) This Act applies for the purposes of any proceedings begun after the commencement of this Act, whenever the cause of action arose, but does not affect any proceedings begun before its commencement. (2) Nothing in this Act shall affect the privileges of the National Assembly or the Cabinet, or the law relating to criminal libel. [As amended by G.N. No. 303 of 1964] Schedule (Section 9) Newspaper statements having qualiﬁed privilege Part I – Statements privileged without explanation or contradiction

Section 19Verify source

Part

Part I – Statements privileged without explanation or contradiction

This section gives the short title only.

1. A fair and accurate report of any proceedings in public of the legislature of any part of Her Britannic Majesty's dominions outside Zambia. [As amended by S.I. No. 72 of 1964]

Section 1Verify source

This provision refers to a fair and accurate report of public proceedings of certain international organisations or conferences.

2. A fair and accurate report of any proceedings in public of an international organisation of which the United Kingdom or Zambia or Her Britannic Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom or the Government of Zambia is a member, or of any international conference to which such Governments send a representative. [As amended by S.I. No. 72 of 1964]

Section 2Verify source

§ 3Slander affecting ofﬁcial, professional or business reputation ...................................................................................................... 1Provision

It refers to fair and accurate reports of public proceedings of the International Court of Justice or other judicial or arbitral tribunals dealing with disputes between States.

3. A fair and accurate report of any proceedings in public of the International Court of Justice or any other judicial or arbitral tribunal deciding matters in dispute between States.

Section 3Verify source

This provision refers to a fair and accurate report of certain court and court-martial proceedings held outside Zambia.

4. A fair and accurate report of any proceedings before a court exercising jurisdiction throughout any part of Her Britannic Majesty's dominions outside Zambia, or of any proceedings before a court-martial held outside Zambia under the Naval Discipline Act, the Army Act, or the Air Force Act, of the United Kingdom. [As amended by S.I. No. 72 of 1964]

Section 4Verify source

A fair and accurate public report of certain inquiry proceedings outside Zambia is covered by this provision.

5. A fair and accurate report of any proceedings in public of a body or person appointed to hold a public inquiry by the Government or legislature of any part of Her Britannic Majesty's dominions outside Zambia. [As amended by S.I. No. 72 of 1964] By Laws.Africa and contributors. Licensed under CC-BY. Share widely and freely. 6 Defamation Act, 1953 (Chapter 68) Zambia

Section 5Verify source

A fair and accurate copy or extract may relate to a public register or another document that the law requires to be open to public inspection.

6. A fair and accurate copy of or extract from any register kept in pursuance of the provisions of any written law for the time being in force within Zambia which is open to inspection by the public, or of any other document which is required by such law to be open to inspection by the public.

Section 6Verify source

A notice or advertisement published by or for a court in Zambia, or by a judge or officer of that court, is covered by this provision.

7. A notice or advertisement published by or on the authority of any court within Zambia or any Judge or ofﬁcer of such court. Part II – Statements privileged subject to explanation or contradiction

Section 7Verify source

Part

Part II – Statements privileged subject to explanation or contradiction

§ 8Newspaper reports of proceedings in court privileged .................................................................................................................... 2Provision

A fair and accurate report of specified associations’ findings or decisions is covered, including reports about members or people subject to the association’s control.

8. A fair and accurate report of the ﬁndings or decision of any of the following associations, or of any committee or governing body thereof, that is to say: (a) an association formed in Zambia for the purpose of promoting or encouraging the exercise of or interest in any art, science, religion, or learning, and empowered by its constitution to exercise control over or adjudicate upon matters of interest or concern to the association, or the actions or conduct of any persons subject to such control or adjudication; (b) an association formed in Zambia for the purpose of promoting or safeguarding the interests of any trade, business, industry or profession, or of the persons carrying on or engaged in any trade, business, industry or profession, and empowered by its constitution to exercise control over or adjudicate upon matters connected with the trade, business, industry or profession, or the actions or conduct of those persons; (c) an association formed for safeguarding the interests of any game, sport or pastime to the playing or exercise of which members of the public are invited or admitted, and empowered by its constitution to exercise control over or adjudicate upon persons connected with or taking part in the game, sport or pastime; being a ﬁnding or decision relating to a person who is a member of or is subject by virtue of any contract to the control of the association.

Section 8Verify source

A fair and accurate report of proceedings at a lawful public meeting in Zambia is covered, whether the meeting is open or restricted.

9. A fair and accurate report of the proceedings at any public meeting held in Zambia, that is to say, a meeting bona ﬁde and lawfully held for a lawful purpose and for the furtherance or discussion of any matter of public concern, whether the admission to the meeting is general or restricted.

Section 9Verify source

§ 10Plea of publication without malice and negligence, with apology ........................................................................................... 3Amendment

A fair and accurate report of certain proceedings in Zambia may be made, unless public or newspaper access to the meeting or sitting is denied.

10. A fair and accurate report of the proceedings at any meeting or sitting in any part of Zambia of— (a) any local authority or committee of a local authority or local authorities; (b) any commission, tribunal, committee or person appointed for the purposes of any inquiry by Act or by the President; (c) any other tribunal, board, committee or body constituted by or under, and exercising functions under, any written law for the time being in force within Zambia not being a meeting or sitting admission to which is denied to representatives of newspapers and other members of the public. [As amended by G.N. No. 303 of 1964 and S.I. No. 72 of 1964]

Section 10Verify source

A fair and accurate report of proceedings at a qualifying general meeting is covered, except for private companies under the Companies Act.

11. A fair and accurate report of the proceedings at a general meeting of any company or association constituted, registered or certiﬁed by or under any written law for the time being in force within Zambia or incorporated by Royal Charter, not being a private company within the meaning of the Companies Act. [Cap. 388]

Section 11Verify source

This provision refers to copies or fair and accurate reports or summaries of public notices or other matters issued by or for specified public authorities.

12. A copy or fair and accurate report or summary of any notice or other matter issued for the information of the public by or on behalf of the Government of Zambia, a local authority or superior police ofﬁcer. Part III – Interpretation

Section 12Verify source

Part

Part III – Interpretation

This section defines “legislature,” “local authority,” and “part of Her Britannic Majesty’s dominions” for the Schedule.

13. In this Schedule— By Laws.Africa and contributors. Licensed under CC-BY. Share widely and freely. 7 Defamation Act, 1953 (Chapter 68) Zambia "legislature", in relation to any territory comprised in Her Britannic Majesty's dominions which is subject to a central and a local legislature, means either of those legislatures; "local authority" means a municipal council, or township council; "part of Her Britannic Majesty's dominions" means the whole of any territory within those dominions which is subject to a separate legislature. [As amended by S.I. No. 72 of 1964]

Section 13Verify source

For the listed countries and territories, the Schedule applies as it does to Her Britannic Majesty’s dominions, and references to those dominions are read accordingly.

14. In relation to the following countries and territories, that is to say, India, the Republic of Ireland, any protectorate, protected State or trust territory within the meaning of the British Nationality Act, 1948, of the United Kingdom, any territory administered under the authority of a country mentioned in subsection (3) of section 1 of that Act, the Sudan and the New Hebrides, the provisions of this Schedule shall have effect as they have effect in relation to Her Britannic Majesty's dominions, and references therein to Her Britannic Majesty's dominions shall be construed accordingly. [As amended by S.I. No. 72 of 1964] By Laws.Africa and contributors. Licensed under CC-BY. Share widely and freely. 8

Section 14Verify source

Legislative relationships

3 referenced instruments

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A–F

2 instruments

British Nationality Act, 1948
Section 14
Companies Act
Section 11

G–M

1 instrument

Law of Libel Amendment Act, 1888
Section 9

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Defamation Act, 1953

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