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England and Wales Case Law

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Court of protection

AR (Whether restrictions amount to a deprivation of liberty), Re

The Court of Protection held that AR’s supported living placement was not a deprivation of liberty under Article 5 ECHR, despite substantial restrictions and supervision.

  • Capacity to decide residence, care and contact
  • Deprivation of liberty
  • Article 5 echr
  • Article 8 echr
  • Contact arrangements
  • Supported living
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Family law

A Local Authority v YL & Anor

The threshold for making a care order was met as the child suffered significant harm due to the mother's chaotic lifestyle, repeated moves, failure to meet medical and educational needs, and inability to provide stable care. The welfare analysis strongly favored the child remaining in long-term foster care, as the mother lacked insight and capacity to provide safe and stable parenting, and the care plan was a proportionate interference with family life.

  • Care orders
  • Threshold criteria
  • Welfare checklist
  • Parental capability
  • International movement of children
  • Language and cultural identity
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Family law

JX (A Child) (Fact-finding hearing), Re

Both parties perpetrated domestic abuse in a toxic, volatile relationship. The mother was physically abusive towards the father, including hitting, threats, and loss of self-control, some of which she admitted. The father engaged in emotionally controlling and dismissive behaviour, including stonewalling, unilateral decision-making post-separation, and conduct likely to cause the mother emotional harm and ongoing control using the child. Both parties' behaviours caused emotional harm to the child. The court found specific allegations proven or part-proven as detailed, and determined that both…

  • Domestic abuse
  • Coercive and controlling behaviour
  • Physical abuse
  • Child arrangements
  • Parental responsibility
  • Contact arrangements
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Family law

Essex County Council v F1 & Ors

The threshold for a care order was met due to F1's emotional harm to the children, involvement in sexual activity with adolescents, refusal to foster A's relationship with his biological father, and refusal to accept help. A's age and strong wish to return home justified discharge of the interim care order and return to F1 under a supervision order, while B's needs and emotional welfare required a care order and continued foster placement.

  • Care orders
  • Parental responsibility
  • Child welfare
  • Change of name
  • Contact arrangements
  • Threshold criteria
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Family law

AZ (A Child) (Special Guardianship Order), Re

AZ's welfare will be best met by living with Mr and Mrs B under a Special Guardianship Order, as they can provide permanence, stability, and trauma-informed therapeutic parenting to meet his individual emotional and educational needs, outweighing the harm of separation from his sibling C and Mr D. The arrangement removes AZ from ongoing risks of parental conflict and statutory intervention, while maintaining meaningful family relationships through flexible contact. No child arrangements order for contact or parental responsibility is necessary or proportionate, as Mr and Mrs B can be trusted…

  • Special guardianship orders
  • Care orders
  • Welfare checklist
  • Parental responsibility
  • Sibling separation
  • Contact arrangements
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Family law

S (Foster Care or Placement for Adoption), Re

The judge did not err in refusing the placement order for adoption because, despite not setting out a formal balance sheet, he adequately considered and weighed the relevant factors, including the child’s settled status with current foster carers, the realistic prospects of adoption with meaningful contact, and the best interests of the child. The evidence supported the conclusion that long-term foster care with the current carers was in S’s welfare interests and that her welfare did not require dispensing with parental consent for adoption.

  • Care orders
  • Placement orders
  • Adoption
  • Long-term foster care
  • Parental consent
  • Child welfare
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Family law

Oxfordshire County Council v M & Ors

The court found threshold met in chronic neglect proceedings, granted final care orders for three children, and refused F’s application for a further ISW assessment.

  • Care orders
  • Neglect
  • Parenting assessment
  • Welfare checklist
  • Contact arrangements
  • Care-orders
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Family law [2026] EWFC 92 (B)

Oxfordshire County Council v M & Ors

Oxfordshire County Council v M & Ors [2026] EWFC 92 (B) (27 April 2026)

Care proceedings involving chronic neglect. The court made final care orders for three children, refused a further assessment of the father, and endorsed long-term foster care.

  • Care orders
  • Threshold criteria
  • Parenting assessment
  • Welfare checklist
  • Expert evidence
  • Contact arrangements
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Mental capacity

PX (Contested final hearing), Re

PX lacks capacity to make relevant decisions; MX's contact must be supervised due to risk of emotional harm; PX should reside with FX during holidays; no restrictions on FX's contact; DOLs and permission requirement orders are justified to protect PX's welfare.

  • Capacity assessment
  • Best interests
  • Contact arrangements
  • Deprivation of liberty
  • Supervision of contact
  • Permission to issue proceedings
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England and Wales decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.