England and Wales Case Law

Oxford Aviation Services Ltd & Ors v Civil Aviation Authority

Oxford Aviation Services Ltd & Ors v Civil Aviation Authority [2026] EWHC 1044 (Admin) (06 May 2026)

The High Court rejected a challenge to the CAA’s approach to RAF Northolt, holding that its safety assessment, reasons and reliance on MAA information were lawful.

• Judicial review of regulatory decisions
• Civil aviation safety
• Delegation of statutory functions
• Application of international standards
• Regulation of government aerodromes
• Judicial-review

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River Action UK, R (on the application of) v Water Services Regulation Authority

Judicial review of Ofwat’s PR24 storm overflow funding rules failed. The court held Ofwat could rely on hydraulic modelling to separate base and enhancement spending.

• Judicial review of regulatory decisions
• Water industry regulation
• Storm overflow expenditure allowances
• Price control deliverables
• Environmental permit compliance
• Judicial-review

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South East Water Ltd, R (On the Application Of) v Water Services Regulation Authority

South East Water Ltd, R (On the Application Of) v Water Services Regulation Authority [2026] EWHC 479 (Admin) (02 March 2026)

The High Court refused South East Water’s application for interim relief to stop Ofwat publishing a proposed enforcement decision and penalty notice.

• Interim injunctions
• Judicial review of regulatory decisions
• Freedom of expression (article 10 echr)
• Procedural fairness
• Predetermination
• Statutory interpretation

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Wales & West Utilities Ltd, R (On the Application Of) v Competition and Markets Authority (Rev1)

Wales & West Utilities Ltd, R (On the Application Of) v Competition and Markets Authority (Rev1) [2026] EWHC 99 (Admin) (22 January 2026)

Judicial review of the CMA’s price-control appeal decision was dismissed. The court held GEMA’s financeability duty is not to secure actual financeability for individual licence holders.

• Judicial review of regulatory decisions
• Statutory interpretation
• Price control appeals
• Regulatory financeability
• Discrimination in regulatory policy
• Judicial-review

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Evans & Anor, R (On the Application Of) v The Care Quality Commission & Ors

Evans & Anor, R (On the Application Of) v The Care Quality Commission & Ors [2025] EWCA Civ 1556 (01 December 2025)

The Court of Appeal refused permission to appeal in a judicial review challenge to the CQC’s registration and later assessment of Gender Plus Healthcare Limited.

• Judicial review of regulatory decisions
• Health and social care regulation
• Provision of cross-sex hormones to minors
• Public law irrationality
• Relevant considerations in administrative decision-making
• Judicial-review

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Evans & Anor, R (On the Application Of) v Care Quality Commission

Evans & Anor, R (On the Application Of) v Care Quality Commission [2025] EWHC 2015 (Admin) (31 July 2025)

Judicial review of the CQC’s registration and assessment of a private gender clinic failed. The court found the regulator’s decisions were rational and lawful.

• Judicial review of regulatory decisions
• Healthcare regulation
• Gender dysphoria treatment
• Irrationality (wednesbury unreasonableness)
• Statutory interpretation
• Process and outcome rationality

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The All-Party Parliamentary Group On Fair Banking, R (On the Application Of) v The Financial Conduct Authority

The All-Party Parliamentary Group On Fair Banking, R (On the Application Of) v The Financial Conduct Authority [2025] EWHC 525 (Admin) (07 March 2025)

The High Court dismissed a judicial review challenging the FCA’s refusal to require further redress for sophisticated IRHP customers, and rejected a procedural fairness complaint.

• Judicial review of regulatory decisions
• Consumer protection
• Mis-selling of financial products
• Scope of regulatory redress schemes
• Procedural fairness in regulatory decision-making
• Judicial-review

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Cygnet Health Care Ltd, R (On the Application Of) v Care Quality Commission

Cygnet Health Care Ltd, R (On the Application Of) v Care Quality Commission [2025] EWHC 1 (Admin) (21 January 2025)

The Administrative Court considered whether CQC inspection and enforcement decisions involving an inspector who had previously been a Cygnet patient were tainted by apparent bias.

• Apparent bias
• Conflicts of interest
• Judicial review of regulatory decisions
• Healthcare regulation
• Procedural fairness
• Apparent-bias

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Cygnet Health Care Limited, R (on the application of) v Care Quality Commission

Judicial review of CQC inspection and enforcement decisions involving an inspector who had previously been a Cygnet inpatient. The court found apparent bias and granted limited relief.

• Apparent bias
• Judicial review of regulatory decisions
• Conflicts of interest in public bodies
• Healthcare regulation
• Procedural fairness
• Apparent-bias

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Patricia Rogers, R (on the application of) v The General Medical Council

The GMC Case Examiners' decisions were materially flawed in failing to properly consider whether Dr Patel's retrospective amendments, even if accurate, could be dishonestly motivated to avoid criticism, and in inadequately reasoning their conclusion regarding impairment in light of strong expert evidence. The review decision failed to identify these flaws. Decisions not to refer Allegation 1, 2, and 5 to the Tribunal are quashed and must be reconsidered.

Source excerpt

• Judicial review of regulatory decisions
• Fitness to practise
• Medical record keeping
• Dishonesty in professional practice
• Procedural fairness

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