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England and Wales Case Law

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Tax law [2026] EWCA Civ 445

Commissioners for His Majesty's Revenue and Customs v MR Currell Ltd

Commissioners for His Majesty's Revenue and Customs v MR Currell Ltd [2026] EWCA Civ 445 (17 April 2026)

The Court of Appeal dismissed HMRC’s appeal, holding that a genuine, repayable loan funded through an employee benefit trust was not taxable earnings under section 62 ITEPA.

  • Paye liability
  • Employee benefit trusts
  • Taxation of loans to employees
  • Income tax (earnings and pensions) act 2003
  • National insurance contributions
  • Emoluments and earnings
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Tax law

The Commissioners for HMRC v MR Currell Limited

The Court of Appeal dismissed HMRC’s appeal over whether an EBT-funded loan to a director counted as earnings. The genuine repayable loan was not taxable remuneration.

  • Income tax on employment income
  • Paye
  • Employee benefit trusts
  • Loans to employees
  • Remuneration
  • Disguised remuneration
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Tax law

Madeleine Clark v The Commissioners for HMRC

The First-tier Tribunal dismissed Ms Clark’s costs application, holding it lacked jurisdiction to award costs for pre-appeal conduct and that HMRC’s post-appeal conduct was not unreasonable.

  • Costs in tribunal proceedings
  • Case allocation
  • Paye liability
  • Unreasonable conduct
  • Jurisdiction
  • Tribunal-costs
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Tax law

BGC Services Holdings LLP v The Commissioners for HMRC

The First-tier Tribunal refused BGC’s request for a preliminary hearing on Regulation 80(1), finding the issue risked overlap with best judgement and could trigger costly appeals.

  • Paye regulations
  • Regulation 80 determinations
  • Preliminary hearings
  • Case management
  • Best judgement
  • Income tax (trading and other income) act 2005—salaried member rules
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Tax law

Nicholas Dounetas v The Commissioners for HMRC

The delay in appealing was serious and significant, no good reason was provided for the delay, and balancing all circumstances, the prejudice to the appellant did not outweigh the lack of justification for the delay. Permission to appeal out of time was refused.

  • Late appeal
  • Ir35
  • Paye
  • Closure notice
  • Statutory deadlines
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Tax law

Preston Benson v The Commissioners for HMRC

The Tribunal refused permission for a late appeal due to the serious and significant delay, lack of merit in most reasons for delay, and the overriding importance of statutory time limits and efficient litigation outweighing prejudice to Mr Benson.

  • Late appeal
  • Notice to require security
  • Paye
  • Nics
  • Vat
  • Statutory time limits
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Tax law

Mainpay Ltd v The Commissioners for HMRC

The Court of Appeal dismissed Mainpay’s tax appeal, holding that each assignment was a separate employment and that HMRC’s carelessness case was made out.

  • Paye
  • National insurance contributions
  • Overarching contract of employment
  • Temporary and permanent workplace
  • Deductibility of expenses
  • Carelessness in tax returns
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Tax law [2025] EWCA Civ 1290

Mainpay Ltd v Commissioners for HM Revenue and Customs

Mainpay Ltd v Commissioners for HM Revenue and Customs [2025] EWCA Civ 1290 (10 October 2025)

The Court of Appeal dismissed Mainpay’s appeal, holding that each assignment was a separate employment and that HMRC’s out-of-time assessments were valid.

  • Paye (pay as you earn)
  • National insurance contributions
  • Overarching contracts of employment
  • Temporary and permanent workplaces
  • Deductibility of expenses
  • Carelessness and loss of tax
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Social security

BH v The Secretary of State for Work and Pensions

The Upper Tribunal held that the First-tier Tribunal misapplied employment-status rules in a Carer’s Allowance overpayment appeal and remitted the case for reconsideration.

  • Carer's allowance
  • Employment status
  • Overpayments
  • Self-employment
  • Worker definition
  • Carers-allowance
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England and Wales decisions are organised by court, judge, legal area and indexed issue so a practitioner can move from a proposition to a citable authority with the surrounding context intact.