England and Wales Case Law

Tandridge District Council v John Brien & Ors

The court found compelling evidence of flagrant breaches of planning control causing significant harm to the Green Belt, with insufficient evidence from Defendants regarding hardship or alternative accommodation. The planning application was invalid and did not reflect actual site conditions. The Council had adequately considered welfare and equality duties. Injunctive relief was necessary and proportionate to prevent ongoing harm, and the terms of the injunction were clear, tailored, and justified both for named Defendants and Persons Unknown.

Source excerpt

• Injunctions
• Green belt protection
• Gypsy and traveller sites
• Article 8 echr
• Persons unknown
• Public sector equality duty

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Birmingham City Council v Persons Unknown who participate or

There have been no material changes in fact or law since the last review to justify discharge or variation of the injunction and power of arrest. The orders have had a deterrent effect but the risk of street cruising persists. The procedural and substantive requirements for continuation are met, with minor amendments for clarity and reinstatement of signage requirements.

Source excerpt

• Injunctions
• Persons unknown
• Anti-social behaviour
• Contempt of court
• Alternative service
• Power of arrest

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Wolverhampton City Council & Ors v Persons Unknown & Ors

Wolverhampton City Council & Ors v Persons Unknown & Ors [2026] EWHC 443 (KB) (27 February 2026)

The High Court continued a quasi-final injunction against street racing and related conduct, allowed one council to discontinue, and made minor amendments to scope and service.

• Injunctions
• Power of arrest
• Anti-social behaviour
• Persons unknown
• Service by alternative means
• Discontinuance

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Valero Energy Limited & Ors v Persons Unknown & Ors

The High Court continued Valero’s final injunction against named and unknown environmental protesters, finding no material change since the last review and that the risk remained.

• Injunctions
• Persons unknown
• Environmental protests
• Trespass
• Nuisance
• Review hearings

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Guildford Borough Council v Cupids Green Ltd & Ors

Guildford Borough Council v Cupids Green Ltd & Ors [2026] EWHC 270 (KB) (13 February 2026)

High Court planning injunction case granting relief over unauthorised development and residential occupation at Wanborough Fields, with tailored adjournments and exceptions.

• Injunctions
• Breach of planning control
• Residential occupation
• Traveller rights
• Article 8 echr
• Agricultural use

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Transport for London v Persons Unknown & Ors

Transport for London v Persons Unknown & Ors [2025] EWHC 3005 (KB) (17 November 2025)

The High Court continued TfL’s final injunctions against road-blocking protest groups, but only until an earlier review in November 2025. It also amended a costs order under the slip rule.

• Injunctions
• Protest law
• Civil disobedience
• Review of injunctions
• Persons unknown
• Slip rule

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North Warwickshire Borough Council v The Defendants Listed at Schedule A to this Judgment

On review, the High Court continued an injunction and power of arrest over protest activity at Kingsbury Oil Terminal, finding no material change in facts or law.

• Injunctions
• Persons unknown
• Protest law
• Service of process
• Power of arrest
• Contempt of court

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The Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University of Cambridge v Persons Unknown

The Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University of Cambridge v Persons Unknown [2025] EWHC 2330 (KB) (12 September 2025)

The High Court granted summary judgment and final injunctive relief restraining threatened trespass and nuisance by persons unknown on specified Cambridge University sites.

• Summary judgment
• Final injunction
• Trespass
• Private nuisance
• Freedom of expression (article 10 echr)
• Freedom of assembly (article 11 echr)

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Multiplex Construction Europe Limited & Ors v Persons Unknown

The injunction is continued on an interim basis due to ongoing risk of trespass and danger posed by urban explorers, with procedural requirements for service and notification not fully satisfied, necessitating adjournment for proper hearing.

Source excerpt

• Injunctions
• Trespass
• Quia timet actions
• Service of process
• Persons unknown

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Bristol City Council v Persons Unknown

Bristol City Council v Persons Unknown [2025] EWCC 53 (25 July 2025)

The court granted a final injunction and ASBI against persons unknown occupying the Downs, finding repeated trespass, anti-social behaviour, and a justified power of arrest.

• Injunctions
• Trespass
• Anti-social behaviour
• Persons unknown
• Article 8 echr
• Public spaces

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