ARCO Chemie Nederland (Environment and consumers) French text [2000] EUECJ C-419/97 (15 June 2000)

ARCO Chemie Nederland (Environment and consumers) French text [2000] EUECJ C-419/97 (15 June 2000)

The Court held that the mere fact a substance is subject to a recovery operation listed in Annex II B of Directive 75/442/EEC does not suffice to classify it as waste. The determination depends on whether the holder discards, intends, or is required to discard the substance, assessed in light of all circumstances...

Source-derived case information.

Citation
[2000] EUECJ C-419/97
Parties
Applicant: ARCO Chemie Nederland Ltd; Respondent: Minister van Volkshuisvesting, Ruimtelijke Ordening en Milieubeheer; Applicant: Vereniging Dorpsbelang Hees; Applicant: Stichting Werkgroep Weurt+; Applicant: Vereniging Stedelijk Leefmilieu Nijmegen; Respondent: Directeur van de dienst Milieu en Water van de provincie Gelderland; Intervener: Elektriciteitsproductiemaatschappij Oost- en Noord-Nederland NV (Epon)
Jurisdiction
European Union
Procedural Posture
Preliminary Ruling (joined Cases C 418/97 and C 419/97) / Judgment on Reference for Preliminary Ruling
Outcome
Preliminary questions answered; guidance provided to national court.
Legal Topics
Definition of Waste, Interpretation of Directive 75/442/eec as Amended by Directive 91/156/eec, Criteria for Classification as Waste, Use of by Products and Residues as Fuel, Scope of Waste Management Obligations
European Union Law Environmental Law Definition of Waste Interpretation of Directive 75/442/eec as Amended by Directive 91/156/eec Criteria for Classification as Waste Use of by Products and Residues as Fuel Scope of Waste Management Obligations

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Parties

ARCO Chemie Nederland Ltd

Applicant

Minister van Volkshuisvesting, Ruimtelijke Ordening en Milieubeheer

Respondent

Vereniging Dorpsbelang Hees

Applicant

Stichting Werkgroep Weurt+

Applicant

Vereniging Stedelijk Leefmilieu Nijmegen

Applicant

Directeur van de dienst Milieu en Water van de provincie Gelderland

Respondent

Elektriciteitsproductiemaatschappij Oost- en Noord-Nederland NV (Epon)

Intervener

Procedural Posture

Preliminary Ruling (joined Cases C 418/97 and C 419/97) / Judgment on Reference for Preliminary Ruling

  1. 1 Whether the mere fact that a substance is subject to a recovery operation listed in Annex II B of Directive 75/442/EEC suffices to classify it as 'waste'.
  2. 2 What criteria are relevant to determine if the use of a substance as fuel constitutes 'discarding' under the Directive.
  3. 3 Whether the perception of the substance by society or its environmentally responsible use affects its classification as waste.

Ratio Decidendi

The Court held that the mere fact a substance is subject to a recovery operation listed in Annex II B of Directive 75/442/EEC does not suffice to classify it as waste. The determination depends on whether the holder discards, intends, or is required to discard the substance, assessed in light of all circumstances and the Directive's objectives. Environmentally responsible use or the perception of the substance by society are not decisive, but may be considered as indicators. The status as a by-product or residue, or prior recycling, are relevant but not determinative; the substance remains waste if the holder discards it within the meaning of the Directive.

Court Disposition

Preliminary questions answered; guidance provided to national court.

Orders

  • The mere fact that a substance is subject to a recovery operation listed in Annex II B of Directive 75/442/EEC does not suffice to classify it as waste.
  • For both LUWA-bottoms and wood chips, environmentally responsible use as fuel is not decisive for waste classification; all circumstances must be considered.