BECIRBEGOVIC AND OTHERS v. BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - 57137/19 (Judgment : Right to a fair trial : Fourth Section Committee) [2021] ECHR 281 (01 April 2021)

JUDGMENT STRASBOURG 1 April 2021 This judgment is final but it may be subject to editorial revision. In the case of Bećirbegović and Others v. Bosnia and Herzegovina, The European Court of Human Rights (Fourth Section), sitting as a Committee composed of: Armen Harutyunyan, President, Jolien Schukking, Ana Maria Guerra Martins, judges, and Viktoriya Maradudina, Acting Deputy Section Registrar, Having deliberated in private on 11 March 2021, Delivers the following judgment, which was adopted on that date: PROCEDURE 1. The case originated in applications against Bosnia and Herzegovina lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (“the Convention”) on the various dates indicated in the appended table. 2. The applicants were represented by Ms A. Jugo Kišija, a lawyer practising in Travnik. 3. The Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina (“the Government”) were given notice of the applications on 30 April 2020. THE FACTS 4. The list of applicants and the relevant details of the applications are set out in the appended table. 5. The applicant s complained of the non-enforcement of domestic decisions . THE LAW I. JOINDER OF THE APPLICATIONS 6. Having regard to the similar subject matter of the applications, the Court finds it appropriate to examine them jointly in a single judgment. II. ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 6 § 1 OF THE CONVENTION AND OF ARTICLE 1 OF PROTOCOL No. 1 7. The applicants complained of the non-enforcement of domestic decisions given in their favour. They relied, expressly or in substance, on Article 6 § 1 of the Convention and on Article 1 of Protocol No. 1, which read as follows: Article 6 § 1 “In the determination of his civil rights and obligations ... everyone is entitled to a fair ... hearing ... by [a] ... tribunal ...” Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 “Every natural or legal person is entitled to the peaceful enjoyment of his possessions. No one shall be deprived of his possessions except in the public interest and subject to the conditions provided for by law and by the general principles of international law. The preceding provisions shall not, however, in any way impair the right of a State to enforce such laws as it deems necessary to control the use of property in accordance with the general interest or to secure the payment of taxes or other contributions or penalties.” A. Application no. 60212/19 in respect of the decision of the Sarajevo Municipal Court of 3 February 2016 8. The Government informed the Court that the applicant had reached a friendly settlement with the relevant authorities in respect of the decision of the Sarajevo Municipal Court of 3 February 2016 , giving up on default interest and accepting that the payment of the principal debt and the costs would constitute the final resolution of the case. The principal debt and the costs had then been paid on the date indicated in the appended table. The applicant did not dispute the facts as presented by the Government. The Court considers that the matter has been resolved within the meaning of Article 37 § 1 (b) of the Convention and that respect for human rights as defined in the Convention and the Protocols thereto does not require it to continue the examination of the application under Article 37 § 1 in fine in respect of that domestic decision. 9. Accordingly, that part of application no. 60212/19 should be struck out of the list. B. Application no. 60212/19 in respect of the decision of the Sarajevo Municipal Court of 26 December 2014 and all other applications 10. The Court reiterates that the execution of a judgment given by any court must be regarded as an integral part of a “hearing” for the purposes of Article 6. It also refers to its case-law concerning the non-enforcement or delayed enforcement of final domestic judgments (see Hornsby v. Greece , no. 18357/91 , § 40, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1997‑II). 11. In the leading cases of Spahić and Others v. Bosnia and Herzegovina, nos. 20514/15 and 15 others, §§ 25-31, 14 November 2017 and Kunić and Others v. Bosnia and Herzegovina, nos. 68955/12 and 15 others, §§ 26-31, 14 November 2017, the Court already found a violation in respect of issues similar to those in the present case. 12. The Court further notes that the decisions in the present applications ordered specific action to be taken. The Court therefore considers that the decisions in question constitute “possessions” within the meaning of Article 1 of Protocol No. 1. 13. Having examined all the material submitted to it, the Court has not found any fact or argument capable of persuading it to reach a different conclusion on the admissibility and merits of these complaints. Having regard to its case-law on the subject, the Court considers that in the instant case the authorities did not deploy all necessary efforts to enforce fully and in due time the decisions in the applicants’ favour. 14. These complaints are therefore admissible and disclose a breach of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention and Article 1 of Protocol No. 1. III. APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONVENTION 15. Article 41 of the Convention provides: “If the Court finds that there has been a violation of the Convention or the Protocols thereto, and if the internal law of the High Contracting Party concerned allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.” 16. Regard being had to the documents in its possession and to its case‑law (see, in particular, Spahić and Others v. Bosnia and Herzegovina, nos. 20514/15 and 15 others, §§ 36-43, 14 November 2017 and Kunić and Others v. Bosnia and Herzegovina, nos. 68955/12 and 15 others, §§ 37-46, 14 November 2017), the Court considers it reasonable to award the sums indicated in the appended table. 17. The Court further notes that the respondent State has an outstanding obligation to enforce the judgments which remain enforceable. 18. The Court considers it appropriate that the default interest rate should be based on the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank, to which should be added three percentage points. FOR THESE REASONS, THE COURT , UNANIMOUSLY, 1. Decides to join the applications; 2. Decides to strike application no. 60212/19 out of its list of cases in the part related to the enforcement of the decision of the Sarajevo Municipal Court of 3 February 2016; 3. Declares the remainder of application no. 60212/19 , as well as all other applications admissible; 4. Holds that these applications disclose a breach of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention and Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 concerning the non-enforcement of domestic decisions; 5. Holds that the respondent State shall ensure, by appropriate means, within three months, the enforcement of the pending domestic decisions referred to in the appended table; 6. Holds (a) that the respondent State is to pay the applicants, within three months, the amounts indicated in the appended table, to be converted into the currency of the respondent State at the rate applicable at the date of settlement; (b) that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points. Done in English, and notified in writing on 1 April 2021, pursuant to Rule 77 §§ 2 and 3 of the Rules of Court. Viktoriya Maradudina Armen Harutyunyan Acting Deputy Registrar President APPENDIX List of applications raising complaints under Article 6 § 1 of the Convention and Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 (non-enforcement or delayed enforcement of domestic decisions) No. Application no. Date of introduction Applicant’s name Year of birth Relevant domestic decision Start date of non-enforcement period Length of enforcement proceedings Amount awarded for non-pecuniary damage per applicant (in euros) [1] [2] Amount awarded for costs and expenses per application (in euros) [3] 57137/19 20/10/2019 Beisa BEĆIRBEGOVIĆ Sarajevo Municipal Court, 07/05/2015 17/09/2015 Pending More than 5 year(s) and 4 month(s) and 25 day(s) 1,000 57150/19 20/10/2019 Hasena SIJERČIĆ Sarajevo Municipal Court, 08/12/2016 17/01/2017 Pending More than 4 year(s) and 25 day(s) 1,000 57154/19 20/10/2019 Selma ŠOŠE Sarajevo Municipal Court, 07/05/2015 17/09/2015 Pending More than 5 year(s) and 4 month(s) and 25 day(s) 1,000 57157/19 20/10/2019 Nermina BIJEDIĆ Sarajevo Municipal Court, 08/12/2016 11/10/2017 Pending More than 3 year(s) and 4 month(s) 1,000 57158/19 20/10/2019 Dubravka ĆORIĆ Sarajevo Municipal Court , 28/08/2015 23/11/2015 Pending More than 5 year(s) and 2 month(s) and 19 day(s) 1,000 57167/19 20/10/2019 Snježana KRIŽANAC Sarajevo Municipal Court, 07/05/2015 17/09/2015 Pending More than 5 year(s) and 4 month(s) and 25 day(s) 1,000 59947/19 07/11/2019 Kenan BIOGRADLIĆ Sarajevo Municipal Court, 26/12/2014 Sarajevo Municipal Court, 03/02/2016 03/04/2015 18/04/2016 Pending More than 5 year(s) and 10 month(s) and 8 day(s) pending More than 4 year(s) and 9 month(s) and 24 day(s) 1,000 59949/19 07/11/2019 Emina SELMAN Sarajevo Municipal Court, 28/08/2015 30/12/2015 Pending More than 5 year(s) and 1 month(s) and 12 day(s) 1,000 60206/19 07/11/2019 Zineta BUNAR Sarajevo Municipal Court, 06/04/2015 Sarajevo Municipal Court, 01/02/2016 09/06/2015 25/04/2016 Pending More than 5 year(s) and 8 month(s) and 2 day(s) pending More than 4 year(s) and 9 month(s) and 17 day(s) 1,000 60212/19 07/11/2019 Eldin ALIKADIĆ Sarajevo Municipal Court, 26/12/2014 ============ Sarajevo Municipal Court, 03/02/2016 12/06/2015 ======== 11/04/2016 Pending More than 5 year(s) and 7 month(s) and 30 day(s) =============== 06/08/2020 4 year(s) and 3 month(s) and 27 day(s) 1,000 61266/19 11/11/2019 Jesenka JAHIĆ Sarajevo Municipal Court, 26/09/2016 20/01/2017 Pending More than 4 year(s) and 22 day(s) 1,000 61286/19 11/11/2019 Elma ŠATROVIĆ Sarajevo Municipal Court, 06/04/2015 Sarajevo Municipal Court, 01/02/2016 01/06/2015 18/04/2016 Pending More than 5 year(s) and 8 month(s) and 10 day(s) pending More than 4 year(s) and 9 month(s) and 24 day(s) 1,000 [1] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants. [2] Less any amounts which may have already been paid in that regard at the domestic level. [3] Plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicants. BAILII: Copyright Policy | Disclaimers | Privacy Policy | Feedback | Donate to BAILII