Topaz (Consumer protection - Order) French Text [2019] EUECJ C-211/17_CO (24 October 2019)

Topaz (Consumer protection - Order) French Text [2019] EUECJ C-211/17_CO (24 October 2019)

The mere signature of a pre-drafted contract by a consumer does not reverse the presumption that its terms were not individually negotiated. Clauses that allow the professional to terminate the contract or impose penalties exclusively in their favor, especially if disproportionate or not mirrored for the consumer,...

Source-derived case information.

Citation
[2019] EUECJ C-211/17_CO
Parties
Applicant: SC Topaz Development SRL; Respondent: Constantin Juncu; Respondent: Raisa Juncu
Jurisdiction
European Union
Judgment Date
24 October 2019
Procedural Posture
Preliminary Reference / Court of Justice of the European Union Order on Preliminary Questions
Outcome
Preliminary ruling issued; national court to apply interpretation.
Legal Topics
Unfair Contract Terms, Directive 93/13/eec, Burden of Proof, Standard Form Contracts, Judicial Powers in Consumer Contracts
Consumer Protection Contract Law European Union Law Unfair Contract Terms Directive 93/13/eec Burden of Proof Standard Form Contracts Judicial Powers in Consumer Contracts

Source-derived case record

Summary, issues, holding and outcome

More case intelligence is available

Unlock the full research layer for this judgment.

Downloadable case file Legal principles 4 Authorities cited 14 Party arguments 2 Amounts and remedies 9
Sign in to unlock

Parties

SC Topaz Development SRL

Applicant

Constantin Juncu

Respondent

Raisa Juncu

Respondent

Procedural Posture

Preliminary Reference / Court of Justice of the European Union Order on Preliminary Questions

  1. 1 Does the mere signature of a pre-drafted contract by a consumer reverse the presumption of non-negotiation of its terms under Directive 93/13/EEC?
  2. 2 Can certain penalty and termination clauses in real estate contracts be considered unfair under Directive 93/13/EEC?
  3. 3 May national courts modify or reduce unfair terms, or must they simply set them aside?

Ratio Decidendi

The mere signature of a pre-drafted contract by a consumer does not reverse the presumption that its terms were not individually negotiated. Clauses that allow the professional to terminate the contract or impose penalties exclusively in their favor, especially if disproportionate or not mirrored for the consumer, are likely to be unfair under Directive 93/13/EEC. National courts must set aside such unfair terms rather than modify them, unless the contract cannot survive without them and annulment would unduly prejudice the consumer.

Court Disposition

Preliminary ruling issued; national court to apply interpretation.

Orders

  • The mere signature of a pre-drafted contract by a consumer does not reverse the presumption of non-negotiation under Directive 93/13/EEC.
  • Penalty and termination clauses drafted exclusively in favor of the professional may be unfair under Directive 93/13/EEC; national courts must verify this.