Jersey Judgment

AG v Bailey [2002] JRC 4 (10 January 2002)

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Source document

01

Holding and result

The court found the case to be totally exceptional due to the defendant's trauma and duress, justifying a significant reduction from the guideline starting point for sentencing.

Court disposition

convicted and sentenced

Orders

  • Five years' imprisonment
  • Forfeiture and destruction of the drugs

02

Material facts

Parties

Bailey

Defendant

Attorney General

Prosecutor

Amounts and remedies

  • Weight of Heroin: 99.509
  • Purity of Heroin (%): 87.4
  • Street Value Lower Estimate: GBP 29,844
  • Street Value Upper Estimate: GBP 44,766
  • Defendant Age: 28
  • Custody Duration Before Sentencing (months): 2.5

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Criminal / Sentencing

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Appropriate sentence for importation of heroin with exceptional mitigating circumstances

Party arguments

Applicant
Bailey argued that she imported the heroin under duress due to threats from unnamed individuals and was traumatized by the death of her fiancé.
Respondent
The Crown argued that the appropriate starting point for sentencing was eleven years to deter drug importation.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Court of Appeal guideline judgments

    Sentencing must consider both guideline judgments and the specific facts of each case.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court found the case to be totally exceptional due to the defendant's trauma and duress, justifying a significant reduction from the guideline starting point for sentencing.

Obiter and limits

  • The duty to deter others from drug importation remains paramount.
  • Each case must ultimately turn on its own facts despite guideline judgments.

Court disposition

convicted and sentenced

  • Five years' imprisonment
  • Forfeiture and destruction of the drugs

Source and reliance status

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Judgment text

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Source document

Court record

Judgment

[2002] JRC 4

JUDGMENT THE commissioner: 1. Bailey was apprehended at the airport on the 30 th October last year. She denied having anything to declare to customs but in a subsequent search she voluntarily handed in two packages wrapped in condoms from the heel of her left boot. She admitted that these were heroin. She later admitted to having three further packages hidden in her vagina. These, apparently, would not have been discovered by customs as they had not intended, once the first disclosure had been made, to take the matter further.

2. She said that she imported the heroin from fear of threats made by persons whom she did not name. The heroin had a total weight of 99.5085 grams and this had an average purity of 87.4%, which was, of course, a very high purity indeed. The street value, for what it is worth, was found to be between £29,844 and £44,766.

3. She pleaded guilty and has been in custody for some two and a half months. She is 28 years' old and is now dependent on heroin. We fully appreciate the trauma which resulted from the death of her fiancé in the car that she was driving when that car ploughed into an unlit parked scaffolding lorry, and the threat, which these unnamed drug dealers used to persuade her to carry the drugs, we have to say, was of the most unpleasant kind.

4. We regard this case as totally exceptional. The facts of this case demonstrate precisely the reason why the Court of Appeal has said that each case decided in this Court - whilst it is bound by the Court of Appeal's guideline judgments - must turn eventually on the facts of that particular case.

5. We agree with the Crown that the appropriate starting point is eleven years'. Whilst we have a duty to do everything possible to deter others concerned in this filthy trade from bringing drugs into Jersey we can look at this case in a particular light. So, Bailey, we are following the conclusions of the Crown, but you will be sentenced to five years' imprisonment and we order the forfeiture and destruction of the drugs. Authorities Rimmer , Lusk and Bade -v- AG (19 th July 2001) Jersey Unreported CofA ; [2001/148] Page Last Updated: 22 Jun 2016 BAILII: Copyright Policy | Disclaimers | Privacy Policy | Feedback | Donate to BAILII

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Rimmer, Lusk and Bade v AG (19th July 2001) Jersey Unreported CofA; [2001/148]

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