AG -v- Kirkum [2005] JRC 131 (23 September 2005)
- Citation
- [2005] JRC 131
- Status
- Judgment
- Jurisdiction
- Jersey
- Posture
- Criminal / Sentencing Judgment
More details
- Posture
- Criminal / Sentencing Judgment
On this page
Professional case brief
Research organized from the available case record
01
Holding and result
Despite mitigating factors and psychiatric concerns, the offence involved premeditation and impact on others; custodial sentence is warranted but suspended due to exceptional personal circumstances and low risk of re-offending.
Court disposition
custodial sentence suspended
Orders
- Count 1: 3 months' imprisonment
- Counts 2-11: 18 months' imprisonment concurrent
- Counts 12-21: 18 months' imprisonment concurrent
- Sentence suspended for 24 months
02
Material facts
Parties
Mrs Pearmain
Defence Advocate Counsel: Mrs PearmainCrown
ProsecutionDefendant
Accused Counsel: Mrs PearmainAmounts and remedies
- Count 1 Imprisonment: months 3
- Counts 2 11 Imprisonment: months 18
- Counts 12 21 Imprisonment: months 18
- Suspension Period: months 24
03
Procedural history
Posture
Criminal / Sentencing Judgment
04
Questions and positions
Legal issues
- 01
Whether exceptional circumstances exist to avoid custodial sentence for criminal breach of trust
- 02
Appropriate sentence for breach of trust given mitigating factors
Party arguments
- Applicant
- Defendant pleaded guilty, is a first offender, at low risk of re-offending, has repaid the money, agreed to psychiatric treatment, and has extraordinary family background and depression.
- Respondent
- Crown requested custodial sentence in accordance with precedent that breach of trust offences warrant imprisonment unless exceptional circumstances exist.
05
Court’s reasoning
Legal principles
- 01
Picot, 29 May 1990
A person convicted of an offence involving a criminal breach of trust will receive a custodial sentence unless there are exceptional circumstances.
- 02
Whelan: Aspects of Sentencing in the Superior Courts of Jersey (2nd Ed'n)
Exceptional circumstances do not include good character, co-operation with police, family problems, or gambling addiction.
06
Ratio, limits and disposition
Ratio decidendi
Despite mitigating factors and psychiatric concerns, the offence involved premeditation and impact on others; custodial sentence is warranted but suspended due to exceptional personal circumstances and low risk of re-offending.
Obiter and limits
- Defendant's depression and family background are extraordinary but do not negate the seriousness of the offence.
- Repayment of money does not absolve the impact on those who compensated the loss.
Court disposition
custodial sentence suspended
- Count 1: 3 months' imprisonment
- Counts 2-11: 18 months' imprisonment concurrent
- Counts 12-21: 18 months' imprisonment concurrent
- Sentence suspended for 24 months
Source and reliance status
Official court record
This page organises the available record for research. Confirm quotations, current status, and subsequent treatment against the official source before relying on the case.
Judgment reading view
Judgment text
The complete available source text.
Court record
Judgment
JUDGMENT THE DEPUTY BAILIFF: 1. You had a position of some importance at the Grand Hotel and the system that you adopted, albeit doomed to discovery, was well thought out and took place over a period of some months. You were clearly living beyond your means, and you lied to the police in an attempt to cover your tracks. Fortunately, you pleaded guilty in the Magistrate's Court, albeit 14 weeks after you were charged. Mrs Pearmain has explained the circumstances of that to us.
2. Our problem is that in Picot on 29 th May 1990, the Court said that: "a person convicted of an offence involving a criminal breach of trust will receive a custodial sentence unless there are exceptional circumstances".
3. We have amongst all the other cases carefully considered Whelan on Aspects of Sentencing in the Superior Courts of Jersey (2 nd Ed'n) and it is quite clear that exceptional circumstances do not include good character, co-operation with the police, problems in family life or a gambling addiction.
4. We have to look at all the circumstances and decide in their totality whether there are truly exceptional circumstances in this case. Mrs Pearmain to some extent says that you were over promoted beyond your abilities, but in our opinion the term 'financial controller' is a term of art. You were, as far as we are concerned, a bookkeeper which does not require advanced accounting skills.
5. But we have to recall your extraordinary family background, particularly the details of your father dying and the total rejection by him and by your step-mother. The Probation, Psychiatric and Psychological Reports make for very sad reading. But there is not only pre-meditation in this offence, there is also its effect on other people, whom you wrongly implicated, and we feel that they will have suffered immensely.
6. You are clearly at a low risk of re-offending, and we have to recall having read the Psychiatric and Psychological Reports that Dr Harrison says in his last paragraph: "Due to his present depressive state and coping abilities, I would be concerned that a period of incarceration would lead to further deterioration in his mental state and a worsening of his depression. In my opinion, his depression should be considered when deciding on sentencing..." 7. Now we know that the money has been repaid, but those who repaid it will have to be compensated. We note that you are a first offender, we also note that you are categorised at being at a very low risk of re-offending. We have read the excellent references and we note from Mrs Pearmain that you have agreed to undertake psychiatric treatment. We have weighed everything in the balance, and this is clearly a case for imprisonment. We have to ask ourselves, having eliminated all the alternatives, should it be immediate imprisonment?
8. We think that the request by the Crown is perfectly correct, that is you will be sentenced on Count 1 to 3 months' imprisonment, Counts 2 -11, 18 months' imprisonment, concurrent, and Count 12 - 21, 18 months' imprisonment, concurrent, but we are going to take a risk with you. We are going to suspend the sentence for 24 months. You can consider yourself very fortunate. I have to tell you this if you come back to Court for any reason whatsoever you know what will happen to you. Authorities Picot 29 th May, 1990. Whelan: Aspects of Sentencing in the Superior Courts of Jersey (2 nd Ed'n). Page Last Updated: 15 Oct 2015 BAILII: Copyright Policy | Disclaimers | Privacy Policy | Feedback | Donate to BAILII
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