[2019] KEHC 11000 (KLR)
The High Court held that the trial court erred by failing to deduct the period the appellants spent in remand custody from their custodial sentence. Section 333(2) of the Criminal Procedure Code mandates that the period spent in custody before conviction must be considered and the sentence reduced accordingly. The...
Source-derived case information.
- Citation
- [2019] KEHC 11000 (KLR)
- Parties
- Appellant: Abdul Aziz Oduor; Appellant: Stephen Omondi Wanyama; Respondent: Republic
- Court
- High Court
- Court Station
- High Court at Nairobi (Milimani Law Courts)
- Jurisdiction
- Kenya
- Case Number
- Criminal Appeal 18 & 102 of 2018
- Procedural Posture
- Criminal Appeal / Judgment
- Outcome
- sentence varied
- Judges
- LK Kimaru
- Legal Topics
- Remand Custody Credit, Sentencing Principles, Robbery With Violence
- Source Language
- en
Source-derived case record
Summary, issues, holding and outcome
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Parties
Abdul Aziz Oduor
Appellant
Stephen Omondi Wanyama
Appellant
Republic
Respondent
Procedural Posture
Criminal Appeal / Judgment
Legal Issues
- 1 Whether the period spent by the appellants in remand custody prior to conviction should be taken into account in computing their custodial sentence.
- 2 Whether the trial court erred by failing to deduct the remand period from the sentence imposed.
Ratio Decidendi
The High Court held that the trial court erred by failing to deduct the period the appellants spent in remand custody from their custodial sentence. Section 333(2) of the Criminal Procedure Code mandates that the period spent in custody before conviction must be considered and the sentence reduced accordingly. The court found that the appellants had spent five years and four months in remand custody, and therefore ordered that the original sentence of fourteen years imprisonment be reduced by that period. The appellants are to serve the remainder of the sentence, and are also entitled to remission for good behaviour as per the law.
Court Disposition
sentence varied
Orders
- The sentence of fourteen (14) years imprisonment imposed by the trial court is reduced by five (5) years and four (4) months, being the period spent in remand custody.
- The appellants shall serve a period of eight (8) years and eight (8) months imprisonment from the date of conviction.
Full Case Text
Judgment text and source record
18 paragraphs
REPUBLIC OF KENYA
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KENYA AT NAIROBI
CRIMINAL DIVISION
CRIMINAL APPEAL NOS. 18 & 102 OF 2018
(An Appeal arising out of the conviction and sentence of Hon. A. R. Kithinji - SPM delivered on 4th August 2016 in Makadara CMC. CR. Case No.1476 of 2011)
ABDUL AZIZ ODUOR.............................1ST APPELLANT
STEPHEN OMONDI WANYAMA..........2NDAPPELLANT
VERSUS
REPUBLIC...................................................RESPONDENT
JUDGMENT
The Appellants, Abdul Aziz Oduor and Stephen Omondi Wanyama were charged and convicted of two counts of robbery with violence contrary to Section 296(2) of the Penal Code. The particulars of the offence were that on 3rd February 2011 at Kahawa Wendani Estate in Nairobi County, the Appellants, jointly robbed Everlyne Munini Mutuku and Augustine Kyalo Mua of their mobile phones and during the course of the robbery, used actual violence to the victims. In the case of Augustine Kyalo Mua, he was fatally injured during the course of the robbery. They were sentenced to serve fourteen (14) years imprisonment. Both Appellants are not appealing against conviction. They are also not directly appealing against the sentence but rather are seeking the intervention of this court to have the period that they were in remand custody taken into account.
During the hearing of the appeal, the Appellants reiterated their plea. They stated that they were in lawful custody from the time of their arrest and during the entire period of their trial before their conviction by the trial court. The Appellants were convicted on 4th August 2016. From the charge sheet, the Appellants were arrested on 4th April 2011 and were arraigned in court on 8th April 2011. From the proceedings, it was clear that during their entire trial, the Appellants were in remand custody. It is this period that the Appellants plead with the court to have taken into account in accordance with Section 333(2) of the Criminal Procedure Code. It was apparent that although the Appellants brought this fact to the attention of the trial court, the trial court did not take into account this period that the Appellants were in remand custody before sentencing them to serve the custodial sentence. That being the position, the Appellants have made a case to have that period taken into account. During the hearing of the appeal, Ms. Sigei for the State was not opposed to the Appellants’ plea to have the period that they were in remand custody taken into account.
This court has carefully considered the facts of this case and the Appellants grounds for seeking to have the custodial sentence meted on them reviewed by this court. It was clear from their submission that the Appellants were entitled to have the period that they had spent in remand custody taken into account before the trial court sentenced them to a custodial sentence. The Court of Appeal in Ahmad Abolfathi Mohammed & Another Criminal Appeal No.135 of 2016 (unreported) held thus at Page 28:
“By dint of section 333(2) of the Criminal Procedure Code, the court was obliged to take into account the period that they had spent in custody before they were sentenced. Although the learned judge stated that he had taken into account the period the appellants had been in custody, he ordered that their sentence shall take effect from the date of their conviction by the trial court. With respect, there is no evidence that the court took into account the period already spent by the appellants in custody. “Taking into account” the period spent in custody must mean considering that period so that the imposed sentence is reduced proportionately by the period already spent in custody. It is not enough for the court to merely state that it has taken into account the period already spent in custody and still order the sentence to run from the date of the conviction because that amounts to ignoring altogether the period already spent in custody. It must be remembered that the proviso to section 333(2) of the Criminal Procedure Code was introduced in 2007 to give the court power to include the period already spent in custody in the sentence that it metes out to the accused person.”
In the present appeal, the period that the Appellants were in remand custody i.e. five (5) years and four (4) months shall be taken into account. Thus the sentence of fourteen (14) years imprisonment imposed by the trial court shall be reduced by the said period of five (5) years and four (4) months. The Appellants shall therefore serve a period of eight (8) years and eight (8) months imprisonment. The Appellants shall also be entitled to remission of their custodial sentences if they qualify due to good behaviour while serving their respective sentences. It is so ordered.
DATED AT NAIROBI THIS 6TH DAY OF FEBRUARY 2019
L. KIMARU
JUDGE