[2010] KEHC 1403 (KLR)
The court found that the trial magistrate properly convicted the appellant on his unequivocal plea of guilty, following the correct procedure. However, the magistrate erred in ordering the sentences on the two counts to run consecutively, as the offences arose from the same transaction and should have attracted...
Source-derived case information.
- Citation
- [2010] KEHC 1403 (KLR)
- Parties
- Appellant: Enock Ogechi Kwendo; Respondent: Republic
- Court
- High Court
- Court Station
- High Court at Eldoret
- Jurisdiction
- Kenya
- Case Number
- Criminal Appeal 90 of 2009
- Procedural Posture
- Criminal Appeal / Judgment on Appeal
- Outcome
- Appeal allowed in part; sentence varied to run concurrently; appeal against conviction dismissed.
- Legal Topics
- Sentencing Principles, Plea of Guilty, Concurrent Vs Consecutive Sentences, Stealing Offences
- Source Language
- en
Source-derived case record
Summary, issues, holding and outcome
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Parties
Enock Ogechi Kwendo
Appellant
Republic
Respondent
Procedural Posture
Criminal Appeal / Judgment on Appeal
Legal Issues
- 1 Whether the trial magistrate erred in imposing consecutive sentences instead of concurrent sentences for offences arising from the same transaction.
- 2 Whether the sentence imposed was excessive given the value of the items stolen.
- 3 Whether the appellant was properly convicted on his plea of guilty and whether the plea was unequivocal.
Ratio Decidendi
The court found that the trial magistrate properly convicted the appellant on his unequivocal plea of guilty, following the correct procedure. However, the magistrate erred in ordering the sentences on the two counts to run consecutively, as the offences arose from the same transaction and should have attracted concurrent sentences in the absence of exceptional circumstances. The court also held that, while the value of the items stolen was low, the sentence of three years' imprisonment on each count was within the law and not excessive. The only error was in the order for consecutive sentences, which was corrected on appeal to run concurrently, resulting in a total sentence of three...
Court Disposition
Appeal allowed in part; sentence varied to run concurrently; appeal against conviction dismissed.
Orders
- The sentences on both counts to run concurrently; total imprisonment is three years.
- Appeal against conviction is dismissed.
Full Case Text
Judgment text and source record
75 paragraphs
REPUBLIC OF KENYA
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KENYA
AT ELDORET
Criminal Appeal 90 of 2009
ENOCK OGECHI KWENDO:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::APPEALLANT
VERSUS
REPUBLIC::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::RESPONDENT
(Being an appeal arising from the Judgement of theLearned Trial Magistrate B.N. Mosiria Esq. Senior Resident Magistrate at ITEN delivered on the 4th June 2009 in Senior Resident Magistrate’s Criminal Case No. 137 of 2009)
JUDGMENT
I.Background
1. Enock Ogechi Kwendo was charged with two Counts of :
Stealing:
Contrary to Section 275 of the Penal Code.
The Particulars of offence
On the 11th March 2009 at Iten Township in Keiyo District within Rift Valley Province Stole 10 pieces of Bamba 50 Safaricom Cards valued at 500/= the property of Angeline Serem.
Count II
Stealing
Contrary to Section 275 of the Penal Code
The Particulars of offence
On the 11th March 2009 at Iten Township in Keiyo District within Rift Valley Province Stole 10 pieces of Bamba 50 Safaricom Cards valued at 500/= the property of Mirriam Serem.
2. A plea of not guilty was entered on both counts on 16th March 2009. The appeallant original accused was released on bond on his surety depositing his pay slip and a letter from his employer.
3. Two months later, the surety returned to court and asked that he be discharged from being a surety.This was granted by the Court.
4. The appellant/ original accused returned to Court for trial on 2nd June 2009. He pleaded guilty to the two counts.The trial magistrate convicted him on his own plea.He prayed, in mitigation for forgiveness and stated his health was poor.
5. A sentence of 3 years imprisonment on Count I and 3 years imprisonment on Court II was imposed.The sentence was to run consecutively namely, the appeallant was to serve 3 years imprisonment in Count I.Once completed he would begin to serve the next 3 years imprisonment making a total of 6 years imprisonment.
6. Being dissatisfied with both the conviction and sentence, the appeallant lodged his petition of Appeal on 12th June 2009 though an Advocate.
II.Petition of Appeal
7. The grounds raised by appeallant is that the Trial Magistrate erred:
(i)In convicting or sentencing the appeallant for 6 years without an option of a fine.
(ii)Hon. Magistrate failed to warn the appeallant of the consequences of pleading guilty
(iii)The language used by the court was not understood by the appeallant.
(iv)The Hon. Magistrate failed to record the actual words used by the appeallant.
(v)The surety gave emotional comments that influenced the trial magistrate
(vi)The mitigating factor such as illness was not taken into account.
(vii)The sentence was excessive.
8. The appeallant argued through his advocate that an option of a fine should have been imposed instead of imprisonment.The said sentence coming to 6 years imprisonment ran consecutively but for the value of the items stolen it was excessive.
9. The words recorded by the surety had an influence on trial magistrate after the appeallant was released on bond.It was soon cancelled on allegation of the appeallants’ misconduct.This had a bearing on the excessive sentence imposed.
III.In Reply by the State
10. The accused being convicted for an offence under
Section 275, Penal Code, the law provides a sentence of 3 years imprisonment being the maximum sentence.
11. He would concede that in two counts the offence
should read concurrent and not consecutively.He relied on the cases of Ng’ang’a=vrs=Republic (1981) KLR 531 and the case of Zawedi Mukasa s/o Abdulla Aligwaisa=vrs=RepublicCriminal Appeal 182/1946(XIII)where it was held that at the time an offence is committed at the same time the sentence imposed should run concurrently unless for exceptional circumstances.
12. In the Ng’ang’a Case (Supra) the Courts continued
that a consecutive sentence on more than one count should be imposed unless it is under Section 221 (enharsement) of the Criminal Procedure Code.The State therefore conceded that the sentence ought to read concurrent and not consecutive.
13. As to the Sentence, there are clear principles
established by law.A trial magistrate must take into account the value of the items stolen.The value of the items in this appeal was 500/- a sentence of 3 years imprisonment was excessive.
IV.Opinion
14. The appeal before me was on both conviction and
sentence.I noted that apart from stating that the conviction was unequivocal in the Petition of Appeal there was no reference to this during the submissions made by the appeallant’s advocate.
15. The Trial Magistrate complied with the law and
procedure of taking plea as held in the case of Adan vrs Republic (1973) (E.A) 445. I would therefore not interfere with the conviction entered on the plea of guilty.
16. The main ground of appeal was on sentence.It must
be noted that an offence of stealing under Section 275 of the Penal Code is a felony.This means that no fine is permitted to be imposed by the Trial Magistrate.The said Magistrate may in fact impose alternative punishment of conditional or unconditional discharge, probation or imprisonment.
17. The appeallant admitted to the facts that he
approached two separate shopkeepers.He asked to purchase credit cards for 500/- each.He would pay for the cards but on being issued with the card and his change he would request for a whole sale price.When the shop keeper would decline he insisted he be given his money back.At this point he would return false cards having exchanged the shop keepers credit card with his.He did this twice being two separate incidents.The false cards were produced as exhibits to Court.
18. It is therefore imperative when sentencing to take into
account the value of the items stolen, in this case 500/= in each count; but the circumstances in which it was stolen is and must be noted.The prosecution should have gone further to bring further counts on the offence of forging, the cards, uttering and obtaining the same.Where did the appeallant obtain the false credit cards?
19. The sentence of 3 years imprisonment on each count
is not excessive.It is within the law.
20. The issue is whether the sentence should run
concurrently or consecutive?I would agree that the sentence should run concurrent and that the appeallant serve 3 years imprisonment on both counts and not a total of six years imprisonment
21. I do not think the surety influenced the trial
Magistrate.The plea of guilty was taken a month or so later giving time to the trial Magistrate to approach the issue of sentencing reasonably.The fact that the appeallant pleaded guilty would have been taken into account.Therefore the sentence of imprisonment should have been concurrent.
22. As the case law in the Ng’ang’a case (Supra) states
that concurrent sentence should be awarded for offences committed in one Criminal transaction.In the Sawedi Mukasa case (Supra), exceptional circumstances include a person who breaks into a house, then commits a felony of Rape, the sentence should run consecutively.
23. The Appeal herein is allowed only on the sentence to
read 3 years imprisonment to run concurrently.
24. The Appeal against conviction is dismissed.
Dated this 15th day of July 2010 at Eldoret
M.A. ANG’AWA
JUDGE
Advocate
(i)D.Omboto, an Advocate instructed by the firm of M/s Rioba Omboto & Co. Advocate for the Appeallant
- Absent on strike
(ii)J.K. Chirchir Senior State Counsel instructed by the office of the Attorney General for the State/Respondent
- Present.