[1980] KECA 18 (KLR)
The Court of Appeal held that the original trial before the magistrate was neither illegal nor defective. The magistrate had properly scrutinized the evidence, found the appellant was unaware of the defective brakes, and determined there was no fault on the appellant's part. As such, there was no basis for the High...
Source-derived case information.
- Citation
- [1980] KECA 18 (KLR)
- Parties
- Appellant: John Njeru; Respondent: Republic
- Court
- Court of Appeal
- Court Station
- Court of Appeal at Mombasa
- Jurisdiction
- Kenya
- Case Number
- Criminal Appeal 6 of 1980
- Procedural Posture
- Criminal Appeal / Appeal From High Court Order for Retrial After Acquittal in Magistrate's Court
- Outcome
- appeal allowed; order for retrial set aside; acquittal restored
- Judges
- CB Madan, EJE Law, KD Potter
- Legal Topics
- Dangerous Driving, Causing Death by Dangerous Driving, Retrial Principles, Acquittal Appeals
- Source Language
- en
Source-derived case record
Summary, issues, holding and outcome
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Parties
John Njeru
Appellant
Republic
Respondent
Procedural Posture
Criminal Appeal / Appeal From High Court Order for Retrial After Acquittal in Magistrate's Court
Legal Issues
- 1 Whether the High Court was correct in ordering a retrial after acquittal by the magistrate.
- 2 Whether the original trial was illegal or defective to justify a retrial.
- 3 Whether the evidence established fault on the part of the appellant sufficient for conviction of causing death by dangerous driving.
Ratio Decidendi
The Court of Appeal held that the original trial before the magistrate was neither illegal nor defective. The magistrate had properly scrutinized the evidence, found the appellant was unaware of the defective brakes, and determined there was no fault on the appellant's part. As such, there was no basis for the High Court to order a retrial, as this would improperly allow the prosecution to fill gaps in its case after an acquittal. The order for retrial was therefore set aside and the acquittal restored.
Court Disposition
appeal allowed; order for retrial set aside; acquittal restored
Orders
- The appeal is allowed.
- The order for retrial made by the High Court is set aside.
Full Case Text
Judgment text and source record
27 paragraphs
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL
AT MOMBASA
(Coram: Madan, Law & Potter JJ A)
CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 6 OF 1980
BETWEEN
JOHN NJERU........................................APPELLANT
AND
REPUBLIC........................................RESPONDENT
JUDGMENT OF THE COURT
The appellant was prosecuted on two counts of causing death by dangerous driving arising out of the same accident, contrary to section 48 of the Traffic Act. After recording and considering the evidence given by eight prosecution witnesses and by the appellant, the magistrate acquitted the appellant on both counts. The Republic appealed against this acquittal to the High Court which ordered a retrial.
Section 354(3)(ba) of the Criminal Procedure Code provides that in an appeal from an acquittal the High Court may hear and determine the matter of law and thereupon reverse, affirm or vary the determination of the subordinate court, or remit the matter with the opinion of the High Court thereon to the subordinate court for determination, whether by way of rehearing or otherwise, with such directions as the High Court may think necessary, and make such other order in relation to the matter, including an order as to costs, as the High Court may think fit.
In general, a retrial should be ordered only when the original trial was illegal or defective, as otherwise an order for retrial would give the prosecution an opportunity of filling gaps in its case; see Aloys v Uganda[1972] EA 469, which followed the earlier decision Fatehali Manji v The Republic[1966] EA 343. This is particularly so where the first trial has resulted in an acquittal.
To justify a conviction of causing death by dangerous driving there must be a situation which was dangerous when viewed objectively and also some fault on the part of the driver causing that situation; see Atito v The Republic[1975] EA 278. On the evidence before him the magistrate found that the appellant was unaware that the brakes of the vehicle, which (according to the appellant’s uncontradicted evidence) he applied in good time, were not functioning properly, he not having been informed of their defective nature when he took over the vehicle as a result of its regular driver suddenly feeling dizzy. The magistrate subjected the evidence to scrutiny, said that he did not believe the evidence of the regular driver, and also further found that there was no fault on the appellant’s part.
We are therefore of the opinion that the trial was neither illegal nor defective, there was nothing to vitiate it, and the order for retrial ought not to have been made. We therefore allow this appeal, set aside the order for retrial made by the High Court and restore the order of acquittal of the appellant made by the magistrate.
Appeal allowed.
Dated and delivered at Mombasathis 9th day of May 1980.
C.B MADAN
……………......
JUDGE OF APPEAL
E.J.E LAW
……………......
JUDGE OF APPEAL
K.D POTTER
……………......
JUDGE OF APPEAL
I certify that this is a true copy of the original
DEPUTY REGISTRAR