[2009] KEHC 2388 (KLR)
The court found that although the appellant was sentenced to 8 years for manslaughter, the evidence showed he was provoked by the deceased, who slapped him three times while both were drunk. The appellant acted in anger and in self-defence, albeit with excessive force. The trial court did not sufficiently consider...
Source-derived case information.
- Citation
- [2009] KEHC 2388 (KLR)
- Parties
- Appellant: Michael Ngunga Mbindyo; Respondent: Republic
- Court
- High Court
- Court Station
- High Court at Machakos
- Jurisdiction
- Kenya
- Case Number
- Criminal Appeal 139 of 2008
- Procedural Posture
- Criminal Appeal / Judgment
- Outcome
- appeal_allowed_in_part
- Judges
- I Lenaola
- Legal Topics
- Manslaughter, Sentencing Principles, Mitigation, Provocation, Self Defence
- Source Language
- en
Source-derived case record
Summary, issues, holding and outcome
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Parties
Michael Ngunga Mbindyo
Appellant
Republic
Respondent
Procedural Posture
Criminal Appeal / Judgment
Legal Issues
- 1 Whether the sentence of 8 years imprisonment for manslaughter was manifestly harsh or excessive.
- 2 Whether the trial court exercised its discretion correctly in sentencing the appellant given the circumstances of provocation and mitigation.
Ratio Decidendi
The court found that although the appellant was sentenced to 8 years for manslaughter, the evidence showed he was provoked by the deceased, who slapped him three times while both were drunk. The appellant acted in anger and in self-defence, albeit with excessive force. The trial court did not sufficiently consider these mitigating factors, including the appellant's ill health and the circumstances of provocation. Therefore, the appellate court held that the sentence should be reduced to 3 years from the date of conviction, as the original sentence was not proportionate to the degree of culpability given the provocation and mitigation present.
Court Disposition
appeal_allowed_in_part
Orders
- The appeal on sentence is allowed.
- The sentence is reduced to 3 years imprisonment from the date of conviction, 10.11.2006.
Full Case Text
Judgment text and source record
25 paragraphs
REPUBLIC OF KENYA
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KENYA
AT MACHAKOS
CRIMINAL APPEAL 139 OF 2008
MICHAEL NGUNGA MBINDYO…………………..……….APPELLANT
VERSUS
REPUBLIC……………….………………………………..RESPONDENT
JUDGMENT
1. Michael Ngunga Mbindyo was charged in Machakos CM’s Court Criminal Case No. 4143/2003 with the offence of manslaughter contrary to section 202 and 205 of the Penal Code. It was alleged that on 19. 6.2003 at Kithayoni village, Kamboo sub location in Makueni District he unlawfully killed Mulwa Mwanzui. On 10. 11. 2006 after 7 witnesses testified and he had been put on his defense, he was convicted and sentenced to serve 8 years in prison.
2. Although he initially appealed against both conviction and sentence, at the hearing of the Appeal, he elected to pursue the appeal on sentence only. He pleaded that he was sickly, had committed the offence while drunk and had since become a “saved” person and his grandfather died while he was incarcerated.
3. Mr. Omirera, learned Senior Principal State Counsel in response stated that the offence was serious and carried the life sentence as the maximum possible sentence. That the Appellant attacked the deceased with a concealed weapon and without any provocation whatsoever and therefore the sentence given was quite lenient.
4. In Dismas vs Republic [1984] KLR 634 the Court of Appeal set out the Principles an appellate court should apply when considering whether to reduce a sentence meted by the trial court. They are-
i. whether the sentence is manifestly harsh or excessive.
ii. whether the trial court acted on wrong principles in exercise of the discretion to impose sentence.
5. In this case, the maximum sentence for the offence of manslaughter is life in prison. The Appellant was sentenced to serve only 8 years and since he concedes that the conviction was lawful, I cannot find that the said sentence, to that extent, either too harsh or excessive. However, from the evidence of PW4, Mbusia Makau and PW5, Mutave Mbusia, the deceased Mulwa Mwanzui on the material date, confronted the Appellant on three occasions and slapped him three times. The Appellant on the last occasion then“reached for a knife from his long trouser and stabbed the deceased on his left chest.” That was the evidence of PW5 and both witnesses added that the deceased was very drunk and the Appellant was drunk too. PW7, IP Herbet Lwigado also confirmed that in his investigations, it was clear that the Appellant was provoked by the deceased and that he also acted in self defence when the deceased returned to slap him on the third occasion.
6. My view is that although in other circumstances the sentence of 8 years would have been sufficient, in this case it is clear that although the Appellant acted with excess force, he was more the victim of the deceased’s unprovoked attack, three times, and acted in anger and stabbed his attacker. I also note that in his mitigation before the trial court, he indicated that he was sickly and all these circumstances should have affected the discretion in sentencing him.
7. In the event, I am convinced that as an Appellate Court, I am entitled to reduce the sentence herein and so I shall allow the appeal on sentence and reduce it to 3 years from the date of conviction i.e 10. 11. 2006.
8. Orders accordingly.
Dated and delivered at Machakos this13th day of May 2009.
Isaac Lenaola
Judge
In the presence of: Mr. Omirera for Republic
Appellant present
Isaac Lenaola
Judge