[2020] KEHC 5301 (KLR)
The court found that the defendant breached the insurance contract by hiring out the insured vehicle and failing to disclose its sale to a third party, contrary to the policy's express terms limiting use to social, domestic, and pleasure purposes. The policy also expressly excluded liability for bodily injury to...
Source-derived case information.
- Citation
- [2020] KEHC 5301 (KLR)
- Parties
- Plaintiff: The Monarch Insurance Company Limited; Defendant: Japhet Mwenda M’Kabwera
- Court
- High Court
- Court Station
- High Court at Kitui
- Jurisdiction
- Kenya
- Case Number
- Civil Suit 8 of 2017
- Procedural Posture
- Civil Suit / Judgment After Formal Proof Due to Non Appearance by Defendant
- Outcome
- Judgment for the plaintiff; declaration of non-liability and award of costs.
- Judges
- LN Mutende
- Legal Topics
- Insurance Contracts, Policy Exclusion Clauses, Indemnity Liability, Breach of Contract
- Source Language
- en
Source-derived case record
Summary, issues, holding and outcome
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Parties
The Monarch Insurance Company Limited
Plaintiff
Japhet Mwenda M’Kabwera
Defendant
Procedural Posture
Civil Suit / Judgment After Formal Proof Due to Non Appearance by Defendant
Legal Issues
- 1 Whether the plaintiff is liable to indemnify the defendant under the insurance policy for claims arising from the accident of 24th December, 2016.
- 2 Whether the defendant breached the terms of the insurance policy by hiring out or transferring the insured vehicle without disclosure.
- 3 Whether the insurance policy covered liability for bodily injury to passengers.
Ratio Decidendi
The court found that the defendant breached the insurance contract by hiring out the insured vehicle and failing to disclose its sale to a third party, contrary to the policy's express terms limiting use to social, domestic, and pleasure purposes. The policy also expressly excluded liability for bodily injury to passengers. The plaintiff established on a balance of probabilities that it was not liable to indemnify the defendant for claims arising from the accident. The court held that parties are bound by their contractual terms, and in the absence of fraud, coercion, or undue influence, the court cannot rewrite the contract. The plaintiff was therefore entitled to a declaration absolving...
Court Disposition
Judgment for the plaintiff; declaration of non-liability and award of costs.
Orders
- A declaration is issued that the plaintiff is not liable to indemnify the defendant under the insurance policy cover in respect of any claim of bodily injury to any person or passenger arising out of the road traffic accident of 24th December, 2016 involving motor-vehicle KBT 608D.
- Costs of the suit are awarded to the plaintiff.
Full Case Text
Judgment text and source record
29 paragraphs
REPUBLIC OF KENYA
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KENYA
AT KITUI
CIVIL SUIT NO. 8 OF 2017
THE MONARCH INSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED.....PLAINTIFF
VERSUS
JAPHET MWENDA M’KABWERA....................................DEFENDANT
J U D G M E N T
1. The Plaintiff herein seeks a declaration that it is not liable or bound to make payment or indemnify the Defendant under the Insurance Policy of cover arising from the road traffic accident that occured along Nuu-Endau Murram Roadinvolving the Defendant’s motor-vehicle Registration No. KBT 608D.
2. It was the Plaintiff’s case that on the 20th December, 2016,it issued a comprehensive insurance policy cover number MRV/0700/000721/2016for motor-vehicle Registration Number KBT 608D, Toyota Probox(subject motor-vehicle) owned by the Defendant which was supposed to be used for social, domestic and pleasure purposes. On or about 24th December, 2016,the subject motor-vehicle was involved in a road traffic accident where three passengers were injured.
3. It was averred that per the express and implied form of policy the insurance cover did not cover liability or risks in respect of death or bodily injury to passengers being covered in or upon entering or getting into or alighting from the subject motor-vehicle and as a consequence the Plaintiff is not bound to indemnify the Defendant in event of loss occasioned to third parties.
4. Further, that in 2015the Defendant sold the subject motor-vehicle to Peter Kirunja Muruguand failed to disclose the facts while taking out the insurance policy cover.
5. The Defendant was served with summons to enter appearance but failed and/or neglected to enter appearance and/or file defence. Therefore, Judgment was entered on the 3rdday of November, 2018and the case proceeded to formal proof.
6. It was the Plaintiff’s case that it be absolved from liability arising from the accident because the insured breached the policy by hiring out the motor-vehicle.
7. It was urged by the Plaintiff that parties herein were bound by their contractual terms in the motor-vehicle policy and the policy conclusion schedule. It called upon the Court to rely on the case of Securicor Courier Kenya Limited vs. Onyango & Another Civil Appeal No. 323 of 2012where it was stated that an exemption clause must be clear and unambiguous in order for it to be enforced by the Court.
8. The Plaintiff adduced in evidence a policy document addressed to a ‘client’ with a forwarding letter stating that it was evidence of a contract that was entered into between them. Looking at the policy schedule there is a clause for limitation to use. The motor-vehicle was to be used for social, domestic and pleasure purposes and for the business and profession of the insured.
9. Investigations carried out by Leon Investigatorsestablished that the Defendant had leased (hired) out the motor-vehicle to Peter Kirunja Muruguwho had paid him Kshs. 200,000/=, Kshs. 50,000/=and Kshs. 50,000/=respectively and at the time of the accident he had not remitted what was expected of him. An opinion was formed that the Defendant had no insurable interest in the motor-vehicle at the time.
10. In the case of National Bank of Kenya Ltd vs. Pipeplastic Samkolit (k) LTD & Another, Civil Appeal No. 95 of 1999 (2001) eKLRthe Court of Appeal stated as follows:
“A court of law cannot re-write a contract between the parties. The parties are bound by the terms of their contract, unless coercion, fraud or undue influence are proved. As was stated by Shah JA in the case of Fina Bank Limited vs. Spares & Industries Limited (Civil Appeal No. 51 of 2000) (unreported).
It is clear beyond peradventure that save for those special cases where equity might be purported to relieve a party from a bad bargain, it is ordinarily no part of equity’s function to allow the party to escape from a bad bargain.”
11. I have seen the statements recorded by the investigator from the Defendant and the individual who was in control of the motor-vehicle at the time of the accident which established the fact that the person (Peter Kirunja Murugu) was the one using the motor-vehicle for his private errands and in connection with his business since February, 2015.
12. Without any explanation having been rendered by the Defendant, I find the Plaintiff having established on a balance of probabilities the fact of the Defendant having deviated from what was stipulated in the agreement. This was in breach of the contract.
13. In the result, I find the Plaintiff having proved the case to the required standard, hence, enter Judgment in favour of the Plaintiff as follows:
i. A declaration be and is hereby issued that the Plaintiff is not liable to indemnify the Defendant under the insurance policy cover in respect of any claim of bodily injury to any person or passenger who was being carried arising out of the road traffic accident which occurred on 24th December, 2016along Nuu-Endau Roadinvolving the Defendant’s motor-vehicle Registration No. KBT 608Dand motor-vehicle KAN 196S.
ii. Costs of the suit are awarded to the Plaintiff.
14. It is so ordered.
Dated, Signedand Deliveredat Kituithis 9thday of January,2020.
L. N. MUTENDE
JUDGE