[2023] KEHC 25884 (KLR)
The court found that the applicant, Lukas Khagio Panyako, was erroneously sentenced despite not having pleaded guilty or being convicted. The error arose because the trial court, upon transfer of the file and change of judicial officer, treated the applicant as if he had already been convicted, relying on a...
Source-derived case information.
- Citation
- [2023] KEHC 25884 (KLR)
- Parties
- Applicant: Lukas Khagio Panyako; Respondent: Republic
- Court
- High Court
- Court Station
- High Court at Busia
- Jurisdiction
- Kenya
- Case Number
- Criminal Revision E067 of 2023
- Procedural Posture
- Criminal Revision / Ruling on Revision Application
- Outcome
- sentence quashed and matter remitted for trial
- Judges
- WM Musyoka
- Legal Topics
- Criminal Revision, Sentencing Error, Plea and Conviction, Trial Procedure
- Source Language
- en
Source-derived case record
Summary, issues, holding and outcome
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Parties
Lukas Khagio Panyako
Applicant
Republic
Respondent
Procedural Posture
Criminal Revision / Ruling on Revision Application
Legal Issues
- 1 Whether the sentencing of the applicant was erroneous given that he had not pleaded guilty nor been convicted.
- 2 Whether the High Court should exercise its revisionary powers to quash the sentence imposed on the applicant.
Ratio Decidendi
The court found that the applicant, Lukas Khagio Panyako, was erroneously sentenced despite not having pleaded guilty or being convicted. The error arose because the trial court, upon transfer of the file and change of judicial officer, treated the applicant as if he had already been convicted, relying on a probation report that did not pertain to him. The High Court held that this was a clear error on the face of the record, correctable by revision under sections 362 and 364 of the Criminal Procedure Code. The sentence imposed on the applicant was quashed, and the matter was remitted to the trial court for hearing and determination according to law.
Court Disposition
sentence quashed and matter remitted for trial
Orders
- The sentence imposed on Lukas Khagio Panyako on November 7, 2023 is quashed.
- If the applicant is in prison custody, he shall be set free forthwith.
Full Case Text
Judgment text and source record
21 paragraphs
Panyako v Republic (Criminal Revision E067 of 2023) [2023] KEHC 25884 (KLR) (22 November 2023) (Ruling)
Neutral citation: [2023] KEHC 25884 (KLR)
Republic of Kenya
In the High Court at Busia
Criminal Revision E067 of 2023
WM Musyoka, J
November 22, 2023
Between
Lukas Khagio Panyako
Applicant
and
Republic
Respondent
(Revision arising from a sentence order, in Port Victoria SRMCCRC No. 57 of 2023 (formerly Busia CMCCRC No. 1256 of 2022), by Hon. AK Njeru, Senior Resident Magistrate, SRM, made on 7th November 2023)
Ruling
1. The revision cause herein was initiated by way of a letter dated 7th November 2023. The letter is addressed to the Judge, by Hon. Njeru, SRM, forwarding the file, in Port Victoria SRMCCRC No. 57 of 2023 (formerly Busia CMCCRC No. 1256 of 2022), and asking the Judge to exercise revisionary power to revise, review or set aside the orders of 7th November 2023, where the accused person, who was due to face trial, had been erroneously treated as having pleaded guilty and was sentenced.
2. I have perused the trial court record. 2 accused persons, Albert Mackten Obare and Lukas Khagio Panyako, were arraigned on 4th November 2022, on a charge of burglary, with an alternative of handling stolen goods. The both denied the charges, and the matter was fixed for hearing on 30th March 2023. On the hearing date, the 1st accused, Albert Mackten Obare, changed plea. The facts were read to him on 25th May 2023, and he was convicted on his own plea. The court called for a probation report, and one was filed. The trial court did not find it favourable, and sentenced him, on 27th July 2023, to serve 1 year in prison, on both limbs, to run concurrently.
3. In the meantime, the file was transferred to Port Victoria, with a mention date fixed for 31st October 2023, for the purpose of trial of the 2nd accused, Lukas Khagio Panyako, who had not changed plea. The transfer order of 31st July 2023, was, however, silent on what was outstanding. The 2nd accused did not attend court on 31st October 2023, and a warrant for his arrest was issued. He showed up in court on 7th November 2023, and explained himself. The warrant of arrest was lifted. The court then proceeded to sentence him to 3 years imprisonment, ostensibly believing that the probation report on record, dated 24th July 2023, related to him, after finding that the report was unfavourable.
4. I am persuaded that the sentencing of the 2nd accused was by mistake, for he had not pleaded guilty, and had not been convicted. He should be facing trial, for he pleaded not guilty to the charges. He should have been given a date for hearing, instead of being sentenced. However, Hon. Njeru, SRM, was new in the matter, the same having been recently transferred from Busia Chief Magistrate’s court. The record of the proceedings, between 30th March 2023, when the 1st accused changed plea, and 7th November 2023, when the 2nd accused was erroneously sentenced, is silent on the 2nd accused. Indeed, it was kept in a manner that suggested that the court, from 30th March 2023, was dealing with only one accused person. So that when Hon. Njeru, SRM, took the matter over, it appeared as if the only thing outstanding was the sentencing of the apparently sole accused person in the matter. So, there is an error on the record, correctable by way of revision.
5. Consequently, I do hereby invoke the revisionary powers conferred upon the High Court, by sections 362 and 364 of the Criminal Procedure Code, cap 75, Laws of Kenya, and quash the sentence imposed on the 2nd accused, Lukas Khagio Panyako, on November 7, 2023. If he has been taken to prison custody, to serve the sentence imposed on November 7, 2023, he shall be set free, for he was on bond, and his warrant of arrest had been lifted on November 7, 2023. The trial court shall thereafter fix the matter, in Port Victoria SRMCCRC No. 57 of 2023 (formerly Busia CMCCRC No. 1256 of 2022), for trial. It is so ordered.
DELIVERED, DATED AND SIGNED AT BUSIA THIS 22NDDAY OF NOVEMBER 2023W MUSYOKAJUDGEMr. Arthur Etyang, Court Assistant.