[2021] KEHC 4675 (KLR)
The High Court, applying the Supreme Court's decision in Muruatetu and subsequent Court of Appeal authorities, held that the mandatory death sentence for attempted robbery with violence under Section 297(2) of the Penal Code is unconstitutional. The court found that it has jurisdiction to re-sentence the applicant,...
Source-derived case information.
- Citation
- [2021] KEHC 4675 (KLR)
- Parties
- Applicant: Paul Omondi Abuor; Respondent: Republic
- Court
- High Court
- Court Station
- High Court at Kisumu
- Jurisdiction
- Kenya
- Case Number
- Miscellaneous Criminal Application 60 of 2019
- Procedural Posture
- Miscellaneous Application / Resentencing Application Following Supreme Court Decision
- Outcome
- Death sentence set aside; applicant re-sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment from original date of sentence.
- Legal Topics
- Sentencing Principles, Mandatory Sentences, Attempted Robbery With Violence, Jurisdiction of High Court
- Source Language
- en
Source-derived case record
Summary, issues, holding and outcome
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Parties
Paul Omondi Abuor
Applicant
Republic
Respondent
Procedural Posture
Miscellaneous Application / Resentencing Application Following Supreme Court Decision
Legal Issues
- 1 Whether the mandatory death sentence for attempted robbery with violence under Section 297(2) of the Penal Code is unconstitutional in light of the Supreme Court decision in Muruatetu.
- 2 Whether the High Court has jurisdiction to re-sentence the applicant after the appeal process has been exhausted.
- 3 What is the appropriate sentence for the applicant following the setting aside of the mandatory death sentence.
Ratio Decidendi
The High Court, applying the Supreme Court's decision in Muruatetu and subsequent Court of Appeal authorities, held that the mandatory death sentence for attempted robbery with violence under Section 297(2) of the Penal Code is unconstitutional. The court found that it has jurisdiction to re-sentence the applicant, as the Supreme Court's pronouncement applies to such cases. However, the court noted that it cannot sit on appeal over issues not raised in the previous appellate stages. Nevertheless, invoking the Supreme Court's authority, the court set aside the death sentence and substituted it with a term of 20 years' imprisonment, to run from the original date of sentencing.
Court Disposition
Death sentence set aside; applicant re-sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment from original date of sentence.
Orders
- The death sentence imposed on the applicant is set aside.
- The applicant is sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment, effective from 17th September 2004.
Full Case Text
Judgment text and source record
39 paragraphs
REPUBLIC OF KENYA
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KENYA
AT KISUMU
MISC. CR. APPLICATION NO. 60 OF 2019
PAUL OMONDI ABUOR........APPLICANT
-VERSUS-
REPUBLIC.......................... RESPONDENT
JUDGMENT
The Petitioner, PAUL OMONDI ABUOR, was convicted for the offence of Attempted Robbery with Violence, contrary to Section 297 (2) of the Penal Code. He was then sentenced to suffer death as by law prescribed.
1. He appealed to the High Court, but his appeal was dismissed.
2. Thereafter, he appealed to the Court of Appeal, but that appeal was also dismissed.
3. He has now invoked the pronouncement of the Supreme Court, in the case of FRANCIS KARIOKO MURUATETU Vs REPUBLIC, PETITION NO. 15 OF 2015, and is calling upon this court to re-sentence him.
4. Pursuant to Section 297 (2), a person who is convicted for the offence of Attempted Robbery with Violence shall be sentenced to death.
5. In effect the prescribed sentence is of a mandatory nature. The Supreme Court declared as unconstitutional, the mandatory nature of the death sentence for persons convicted for committing murder.
6. In the case of WYCLIFFE WANGUSI MAFURA Vs REPUBLIC, CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 22 OF 2015, the Court of Appeal reiterated the following findings which it had made in the case of WILLIAM OKUNGU KITTINY Vs REPUBLIC, CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 56 OF 2013;
“From the foregoing, we hold that the findings and holding of the SupremeCourt, particularly in paragraph 69,appliesMutatis Mutandis to Sections296 (2) and 297 (2) of the Penal Code.
Thus, the sentence of death under Sections 296 (2) and 297 (2) of thePenal Code is a discretionarymaximum punishment.”
7. The learned Judges of Appeal made it clear that the decision of the Supreme Court had an immediate and binding effect on all other courts, so that the said other courts have jurisdiction to direct a re-hearing on the issue of sentence.
8. In the case of WYCLIFFE WANGUSI MAFURA Vs REPUBLIC (above-cited), the Court of Appeal set aside the Death Sentence, and substituted it with Imprisonment for 20 Years.
9. Meanwhile, in the case of EVANSON MUIRURI GICHANE Vs REPUBLIC, CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 277 OF 2007, the Court of Appeal held as follows;
“The appellant was convicted of an offence of attempted robbery withviolence, punishable by death.
In terms of Section 389 of the Penal Code the appellant shall not beliable to imprisonment for aterm exceeding seven years.
But he was sentenced to death.
The apparent conflict in the law may only be resolved by Parliament.
But the appellant is entitled to the less punitive of the two sentences.”
10. In the circumstances, the Court of Appeal set aside the death sentence and substituted it with;
“…….. a prison term that will result in the appellant’s release from prisonsince the appellant was convicted andsentenced on 5th March 2004, andshould have been sentenced toimprisonment for a term not exceedingseven years.”
11. That decision was made on an appeal.
12. In this case, I have been unable to verify whether or not the Petitioner had raised the issue about the sentence, when he was canvassing his appeals.
13. However, as no such issue was addressed in the Judgment of the Court of Appeal, that is probably because it was not raised at that stage.
14. In my considered opinion, it would be wrong for this Court to delve into the determination of a point of law that could have been raised at the stage of appeal, but which appears not to have been canvassed by the Petitioner, at that stage.
15. I cannot purport to sit on an appeal over a decision of the Court of Appeal. I cannot even purport to sit on an appeal over a decision of the High Court. The law has not conferred upon me the jurisdiction to hear appeals arising from decisions made by the Superior Courts.
16. If I had such jurisdiction, I would have invoked Section 389of the Penal Code, and proceeded to re-sentence the Petitioner to imprisonment for a period not exceeding seven years.
17. But as I lack jurisdiction to do so, I can only invoke the authority bestowed upon this Court by the Supreme Court, when it declared unconstitutional, the mandatory nature of the death sentence, for persons convicted for the offence of murder.
18. And because the said pronouncement applies Mutatis Mutandis to Section 297 (2)of the Penal Code, I do hereby set aside the death sentence which was handed down by the trial court.
19. I now sentence the Petitioner to 20 Years imprisonment, and the said sentence shall run from 17th September 2004 when the Petitioner was first sentenced.
DATED, SIGNED AND DELIVERED AT KISUMU THIS 7TH DAY OF JULY 2021
FRED A. OCHIENG
JUDGE