[2019] KEHC 2890 (KLR)
The court found that the Rent Restriction Tribunal acted in excess of its statutory jurisdiction by entertaining and issuing orders in a dispute where the monthly rent was Kshs. 12,000.00, well above the statutory cap of Kshs. 2,500.00 set by the Rent Restriction Act. The tribunal's orders were therefore ultra vires...
Source-derived case information.
- Citation
- [2019] KEHC 2890 (KLR)
- Parties
- Applicant: Republic; Respondent: Chairman, Rent Restriction Tribunal; Interested Party: Martin Masai Mbati; Applicant: Dinah Dey Dipondo
- Court
- High Court
- Court Station
- High Court at Kakamega
- Jurisdiction
- Kenya
- Case Number
- Miscellaneous Civil Application 62 of 2019
- Procedural Posture
- Miscellaneous Application / Judgment
- Outcome
- Application allowed in part. Orders of certiorari and prohibition (against the tribunal) granted. Costs to the ex parte applicant.
- Judges
- DN Musyoka
- Legal Topics
- Judicial Review, Tribunal Jurisdiction, Rent Restriction, Certiorari, Prohibition Orders
- Source Language
- en
Source-derived case record
Summary, issues, holding and outcome
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Parties
Republic
Applicant
Chairman, Rent Restriction Tribunal
Respondent
Martin Masai Mbati
Interested Party
Dinah Dey Dipondo
Applicant
Procedural Posture
Miscellaneous Application / Judgment
Legal Issues
- 1 Whether the Rent Restriction Tribunal had jurisdiction to entertain a dispute where the monthly rent exceeded the statutory limit of Kshs. 2,500.00.
- 2 Whether the orders issued by the tribunal on 6th May 2019 were made without affording the ex parte applicant a right to be heard.
- 3 Whether prohibition and certiorari orders should issue against the tribunal and the police.
Ratio Decidendi
The court found that the Rent Restriction Tribunal acted in excess of its statutory jurisdiction by entertaining and issuing orders in a dispute where the monthly rent was Kshs. 12,000.00, well above the statutory cap of Kshs. 2,500.00 set by the Rent Restriction Act. The tribunal's orders were therefore ultra vires and liable to be quashed by certiorari. The court further held that prohibition could not issue against the police, as they were not named as parties to the proceedings, but prohibition could issue against the tribunal to restrain it from further entertaining the matter. The applicant was entitled to costs.
Court Disposition
Application allowed in part. Orders of certiorari and prohibition (against the tribunal) granted. Costs to the ex parte applicant.
Orders
- An order of certiorari is issued to quash the ex parte orders made by the Chairman of the Rent Restriction Tribunal in Rent Restriction Case No. 42 of 2019 at Kakamega and all consequential orders.
- An order of prohibition is issued to prohibit the respondent from hearing Rent Restriction Case No. 42 of 2019.
Full Case Text
Judgment text and source record
30 paragraphs
REPUBLIC OF KENYA
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KENYA AT KAKAMEGA
MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 62 OF 2019
REPUBLIC....................................................................APPLICANT
VERSUS
THE CHAIRMAN,
RENT RESTRCTION TRIBUNAL.......................RESPONDENT
AND
MARTIN MASAI MBATI..........................INTERESTED PARTY
EX PARTE:
DINAH DEY DIPONDO
JUDGMENT
1. The ex parte applicant has moved the court by a Motion dated 20th May 2019, seeking:-
(a) an order of certiorari to bring to court and quash the ex parte orders made by the Chairman of the Rent Restriction Tribunal in Rent Restriction Case No. 42 of 2019 at Kakamega and all consequential orders;
(b) an order of prohibition to prohibit the Officer Commanding (OCS) the Kakamega Police Station from harassing, intimidating, visiting and arresting her or her agent in the guise of enforcing an order made in Rent Restriction Case No. 42 of 2019 on 6th May 2019; and
(c) an order of prohibition to prohibit the respondent from hearing Rent Restriction Case No. 42 of 2019.
2. The factual background to the application is set out in the statement of facts dated 16th May 2019 and affidavit sworn to verify that statement, on even date, by Dinah Dey Dipondo. The ex parte applicant had been a landlady of the interested party with respect to premises standing on Isukha/Sherere/2972, where the rent per month was Kshs. 12, 000. 00. The interested party allegedly fell into rent arrears, and the ex parte applicant instructed auctioneers to distrain the premises to recover the rent arears. It would appear that on 3rd May 2019, the interested party moved the Rent Restriction Tribunal in Rent Restriction Case No. 42 of 2019, on grounds that ex parte applicant had denied him access to the rented premises, and he sought an order to compel the reopening of the premise and orders for police assistance in that regard. The orders were granted on 6th May 2019, for the ex parte applicant to reopen the premises and reinstate the interested back in the premises, to restrain her from interfering further with the interested party, for the interested party to continue paying rent as usual and the police to assist to ensure compliance with the orders.
3. It is the orders of the tribunal of 6th May 2019 that prompted the filing of these judicial review proceedings. She complains that the tribunal exceeds its jurisdiction by entertaining a dispute over rent which exceeded the statutory limit of Kshs. 2, 500. 00 per month. She further complains that the said orders were made without her being given an opportunity to be heard. She states that it was the interested party who provoked her to action by failing to pay rent and locking the premises. She avers that the interested party had long been evicted, and he was, therefore, no longer a tenant, and the orders were served long after the eviction.
4. The principal remedy sought is that of certiorari. Certiorari is available in cases where a tribunal or entity acts in excess of its jurisdiction or acts ultra vires. The Rent Restriction Tribunal is a creature of the Rent Restriction Act, Cap 296, Laws of Kenya. The scope of the Act is set out in section 2 thereof, which provides as follows:
“2. Application
(1) This Act shall apply to all dwelling-houses, other than –
(a)…
(b)…
(c) dwelling-houses which have a standard rent exceeding two thousand five hundred shillings per month, furnished or unfurnished.”
5. The complaint herein is that the tribunal’s jurisdiction is restricted to disputes where the monthly rent is Kshs. 2, 500. 00. In the instant case, the monthly rent was Kshs, 12, 000. 00. Clearly, the tribunal acted in excess of its jurisdiction, and its decision is liable for recall for the purpose of being quashed.
6. Prohibition is sought to bar assumption of unlawful or excess jurisdiction by a tribunal or other body. Two prohibitory orders are sought herein. The first is against the police and the other against the tribunal. The order against the police is obviously not available as the police have not been named as a respondent. Orders cannot possibly issue against a person or entity that has not been named as a party to the dispute. There are right to hearing, fair hearing and fair trial issues around that. It would appear that the order against the tribunal is available to the extent that the tribunal is exercising jurisdiction over the matter when it has no such jurisdiction.
7. In the end, orders shall issue in terms of prayers 1 and 3 of the Motion dated 20th May 2019. The ex parte applicant shall have the costs of the suit.
DATED, SIGNED and DELIVERED at KAKAMEGA THIS 31ST DAY OF OCTOBER, 2019
W. MUSYOKA
JUDGE