[2021] KEHC 3362 (KLR)
The court held that the prosecution had adduced some evidence which, if accepted and taken at its highest, would entitle the court to convict the accused. The threshold for a prima facie case was met, as the evidence was not so unsatisfactory, contradictory, or transparently unreliable as to preclude a conviction....
Source-derived case information.
- Citation
- [2021] KEHC 3362 (KLR)
- Parties
- Applicant: Republic; Defendant: Henry Musambi Azizi Alias Abdi
- Court
- High Court
- Court Station
- High Court at Nakuru
- Jurisdiction
- Kenya
- Case Number
- Criminal Case 3 of 2014
- Procedural Posture
- Criminal Case / Ruling on No Case to Answer
- Outcome
- Accused found to have a case to answer and put on his defence.
- Judges
- EM Ngugi
- Legal Topics
- Murder, Prima Facie Case, Burden of Proof, Criminal Trial Procedure
- Source Language
- en
Source-derived case record
Summary, issues, holding and outcome
More case intelligence is available
Unlock the full research layer for this judgment.
Parties
Republic
Applicant
Henry Musambi Azizi Alias Abdi
Defendant
Procedural Posture
Criminal Case / Ruling on No Case to Answer
Legal Issues
- 1 Whether the prosecution has established a prima facie case against the accused to warrant putting him on his defence.
- 2 Whether the evidence adduced by the prosecution, if taken at its highest, could sustain a conviction.
Ratio Decidendi
The court held that the prosecution had adduced some evidence which, if accepted and taken at its highest, would entitle the court to convict the accused. The threshold for a prima facie case was met, as the evidence was not so unsatisfactory, contradictory, or transparently unreliable as to preclude a conviction. Therefore, the accused was found to have a case to answer and was put on his defence.
Court Disposition
Accused found to have a case to answer and put on his defence.
Orders
- The accused is found to have a case to answer and is put on his defence.
Full Case Text
Judgment text and source record
18 paragraphs
REPUBLIC OF KENYA
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KENYA AT NAKURU
CRIMINAL CASE NO. 3 OF 2014
REPUBLIC.........................................................................STATE
VERSUS
HENRY MUSAMBI AZIZI ALIAS ABDI...............ACCUSED
RULING ON NO CASE TO ANSWER
1. The Accused Person, Henry Musambi Azizi Alias Abdi (“Accused Person”), is charged with Murder contrary to Section 203 as read with Section 204 of the Penal Code. It is alleged that on the 1st day of January, 2014 at Paul Muchanga Estate in Nakuru County, he murdered George Milimu (Deceased).
2. The Prosecution called nine witnesses in its bid to prove its case against the Accused Person. The general theory of the Prosecution is that the Accused Person quarreled with the Deceased, who had struck a romantic relationship with the Accused Person’s mother and ended up fatally assaulting him.
3. At this point in the proceedings, I am required to make a determination whether the Accused Person should be put on his defence. The test to be used at this point in the trial is the test for prima facie case long ago established in the celebrated case, Bhatt –vs- R [1957] EA 332. It was held in that case that a prima facie case is not made out if at the close of the Prosecution the case is merely one which on full consideration might possibly be thought sufficient to sustain a conviction.
4. So, to paraphrase the authorities, a prima facie case is defined in the negative: A prima facie case is not established if at the end of the Prosecution case there is no evidence upon which, if the evidence, taken at its highest, is accepted, a reasonable court could convict. (See R v Galbraith 73 Cr. App. R. 124).
5. At this point in the case, it would be improper to assess the strength or weakness of the prosecution evidence by taking a view of the witness reliability unless I came to the conclusion that the state of the evidence called by the Prosecution, taken as a whole, is so unsatisfactory, contradictory, or so transparently unreliable that no court, properly directing its mind, could properly convict on the evidence. In my view, this forbiddingly high threshold is not satisfied here, since there is some evidence which, if accepted and “taken at its highest”, would entitle the Court to convict. At this point, the less I say, the better.
6. The Accused Person is, consequently, found to have a case to answer and is put on his defence.
DATED AND DELIVERED AT NAKURU THIS 7TH DAY OF OCTOBER, 2021
.........................
JOEL NGUGI
JUDGE
NOTE:This judgment was delivered by video-conference pursuant to various Practice Directives by the Honourable Chief Justice authorizing the appropriate use of technology to conduct proceedings and deliver judgments in response to the COVID-19 Pandemic.