[2013] KEHC 326 (KLR)
The Resident Magistrate lacked jurisdiction to impose a fine exceeding Kshs.20,000 for the offence under count II, as the sentencing powers of a Resident Magistrate are limited by Section 7(2) of the Criminal Procedure Code and Section 4 of the Magistrate’s Court’s Act. The fine of Kshs.250,000 imposed was therefore...
Source-derived case information.
- Citation
- [2013] KEHC 326 (KLR)
- Parties
- Applicant: James Kyumwa; Respondent: Republic
- Court
- High Court
- Court Station
- High Court at Machakos
- Jurisdiction
- Kenya
- Case Number
- Criminal Revision 619 of 2013
- Procedural Posture
- Criminal Revision / Ruling on Revision
- Outcome
- sentences set aside and substituted
- Judges
- BT Jaden
- Legal Topics
- Traffic Offences, Sentencing Jurisdiction, Magistrates Courts Powers
- Source Language
- en
Source-derived case record
Summary, issues, holding and outcome
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Parties
James Kyumwa
Applicant
Republic
Respondent
Procedural Posture
Criminal Revision / Ruling on Revision
Legal Issues
- 1 Whether the Resident Magistrate had jurisdiction to impose a fine of Kshs.250,000 for the offence under section 55(1) as read with section 58(1) of the Traffic Act.
- 2 Whether the sentence imposed was harsh and excessive in the circumstances.
- 3 What is the proper sentence for the offences as per the law.
Ratio Decidendi
The Resident Magistrate lacked jurisdiction to impose a fine exceeding Kshs.20,000 for the offence under count II, as the sentencing powers of a Resident Magistrate are limited by Section 7(2) of the Criminal Procedure Code and Section 4 of the Magistrate’s Court’s Act. The fine of Kshs.250,000 imposed was therefore unlawful and excessive. The proper sentence for count I is a fine of Kshs.500 or 14 days imprisonment in default, and for count II, a fine of Kshs.20,000 or 4 months imprisonment in default. The sentences imposed by the trial court were set aside and substituted accordingly.
Court Disposition
sentences set aside and substituted
Orders
- Sentence for count I substituted with a fine of Kshs.500 or 14 days imprisonment in default.
- Sentence for count II substituted with a fine of Kshs.20,000 or 4 months imprisonment in default.
Full Case Text
Judgment text and source record
33 paragraphs
REPUBLIC OF KENYA
IN THE HIGH COURT OF KENYA AT MACHAKOS
CRIMINAL REVISION NO. 619 OF 2013
REPUBLIC
VERSUS
JAMES KYUMWA …………………………………………….… APPLICANT
RULING ON REVISION
The Applicant, James Kyumwa was charged in count I with the offence of failing to fasten seat belt contrary to section 119 (1) Rule 22A (3) as read with Rule 22A (4) of the Traffic Act Cap 403 Laws of Kenya.
The particulars of the offence were that on the 14th day of November 2013 at around 6. 30 a.m. along Machakos Kitui road in Machakos County being a driver of motor vehicle Reg. No. KBH 164M make Toyotamatatu failed to fasten seat belt.
In count II, the Applicant was charged with the offence of failing to maintain parts and equipments contrary to section 55 (1) as read with section 58 (1) of the Traffic Act Cap 403 Laws of Kenya.
The particulars of the offence were that on the 14th day of November 2013 at about 6. 30 a.m along Machakos Kitui road in Machakos District of Eastern Province being driver of motor vehicle Reg. No. KBH 164M Toyotamatatu drove the said motor vehicle along the said road while fitted with eight defective seat belts.
When the Applicant was arraigned before the trial court, he pleaded guilty in both count I and II and was sentenced as follows:-
Count I - fined Kshs.500/=. The default sentence seems to have been cancelled.
Count II - fined Kshs.250,000/= in default 18 months imprisonment.
The Applicant was aggrieved by both the conviction and sentence and applied for revision under Section 364 of the Criminal Procedure Code.
Under rule 22A (4) of the Traffic Rules made under section 119 (1) of the Traffic Act Cap 403 Laws of Kenya, a person who fails to wear a seat belt is guilty of an offence and is liable to a fine of Kshs.500/=. The default sentence for a fine of Kshs.500/= is not more than 14 days. In the absence of any express provisions relating to imprisonment or detention period, Section 28 of the Penal Code comes into play.
The penalty provided for by section 58 (1) of the Traffic Act is a fine not exceeding Kshs.400,000/= or to imprisonment not exceeding two years or to both. However, the lower court record reflects the rank of the trial magistrate as a Resident Magistrate. Section 4 of the Magistrate’s Court’s Act Cap 10 Laws of Kenya provides that the Resident Magistrate’s Court shall have and exercise such jurisdiction in cases of criminal nature as provided for under the Criminal Procedure Code. Section 7 (2) of the Criminal Procedure Code provides as follows:-
“Subject to subsection (1), a subordinate court of the first class may pass the following sentences in cases where they are authorized by law-
imprisonment for a term not exceeding seven years;
a fine not exceeding twenty thousand shillings.”
Under section 2 of the Magistrate’s Court’s Act (Cap 10), a Magistrate’s Court of the 1st class means the Resident Magistrate’s Court which is duly constitutional when held by a Chief Magistrate, Senior Principal Magistrate, Principal Magistrate, Senior Resident Magistrate or Resident Magistrate (See Section 3 (1) of the Magistrate’s Court’s Act, Cap 10 Laws of Kenya).
However, the Resident Magistrate did not have the requisite jurisdiction to impose a fine of Kshs.250,000/=. The fine of Kshs.250,000/= is also harsh and excessive taking into account the defects mentioned in the particulars of the offence.
With the foregoing, the sentences imposed by the trial court are hereby set aside and substituted with the following sentences:-
Count I – Kshs.500/= in default 14 days imprisonment.
Count II – Kshs. 20,000/= in default 4 months imprisonment.
Right of Appeal 14 days.
………………………………………
B. THURANIRA JADEN
JUDGE
Dated and delivered at Machakos this 19thday of December 2013.
……………………………………
B. THURANIRA JADEN
JUDGE