AKARERE KA RUSIZI vs HABIYAREMYE

# AKARERE KA RUSIZI vs HABIYAREMYE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-07-01 - Case/document no.: RADA 00010/2022/HC/RSZ - Collection: High Court

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AKARERE KA RUSIZI vs HABIYAREMYE [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU, URUGEREKO RWA RUSIZI – RADA 00010/2022/HC/RSZ – (Habimana, J. P.) 23 Kamena 2023] Amategeko agenga imanza z’ubutegetsi – Umukozi wa Leta – Umwanya w’umurimo ku mukozi wa Leta – Umukozi wese wa Leta agomba gukora ku mwanya w’umurimo yashyizwemo nyuma yo kuzuza ibisabwa kuri wo – Umuyobozi ubifitiye ububasha, kubera inyungu z’akazi, ashobora kwimurira umukozi ku wundi mwanya ariko agomba kuzirikana ko uwo mwanya mushya utagomba kuvutsa cyangwa se kubangamira uburenganzira bwose umukozi yari afite bushingiye ku ntera yari agezeho. Amategeko agenga amasezerano – Amasezerano – Kubahiriza inshingano – Indishyi zitewe no kutubahiriza inshingano – Mu gihe habayeho ukutubahiriza ibikubiye mu masezerano, uruhande rwarenganyijwe rufite uburenganzira bwo kubibonera indishyi zishyurwa n’urwishe amasezerano. Incamake y’ikibazo: Habiyaremye washyizwe mu mwanya w’umurimo w’umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’umurenge mu Karere ka Rusizi nyuma akazaguhindurirwa umwanya bikozwe n’Ubuyobozi bw’ako Karere. Nyuma yo gushyirwa mu mwanya mushya w’Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Iterambare n’Imibereho myiza mu Karere, Akarere kahise gahagarika kumutangira uruhare rwa Leta rukubiye mu masezerano yo kugura imodoka afatanyije na Leta yari yahawe kuri uwo mwanya wa mbere. Yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rusizi asaba ko Akarere ka Rusizi kategekwa kwishyura amafaranga kiyemeje mu gihe cy’imyaka ibiri yari isigaye nkuko bikubiye mu masezerano yavugaga ko inkunga itangwa na Leta idashobora guhinduka mu gihe cy’imyaka itanu. Akarere ka Rusizi kisobanuye kavuga ko nta karengane Habiyaremye yagize kuko lumpsum yayigenerwaga ari umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’umurenge, ubu ikaba ihabwa uwamusimbuye bityo akaba atahabwa “avantages” z’umurimo yavuyeho. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwemeje ko ikirego cya Habiyaremye gifite ishingiro, ko agomba guhabwa indishyi zitandukanye n’Akarere zijyanye no kutubahiriza inshingano zikubiye muri ayo masezerano yagiranye n’Akarere, nk’uruhande ruhagarariye Leta. Akarere ka Rusizi kajuririye Urukiko Rukuru gasaba ko rwasuzuma niba hari inshingano gafite yo gukomeza guha umukozi “lampsum” igenewe umwanya w’umurimo atagikoraho n’indishyi kaciwe niba zari zifite ishingiro mu gihe nta kosa rishingiye ku masezerano ryabayeho. Uregwa muri uru rubanza, avuga ko ikibazo gihari ari ukumenya uko bigenda iyo umukozi wari ufitanye amasezerano na Leta yo gufatanya umutungo w'imodoka iyo ahinduriwe imirimo, hakamenyekana niba ahita atakaza uburenganzira bujyana n’iyo modoka. Avuga kandi ko igisubizo kuri iki kibazo kiri mu masezerano Akarere kirengagije. Uwajuriye asobanura ko kuba Uregwa yaravuye k’umwanya w’umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’umurenge atari guhabwa “avantages” zawo kuko umukozi ahabwa “avantages” z’umurimo agiyeho, yawuvaho zikajyana nawo. Bivuze ko yari guhitamo gukomeza gutunga iyo modoka cyangwa akayigurisha bitarenze amezi 6 ndetse yari afite inshingano mu gihe cy’amezi atatu yo kugaragaza niba yarahisemo kuyitunga cyangwa kuyigurisha, kugira ngo bamufashe gushaka inzobere yo kuyikorera igenagaciro.

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Uregwa avuga ko amasezerano bagiranye asobanura neza uko bigomba kugenda mu gihe umukozi ahinduriwe umwanya w’umurimo, ko Urega atagomba kwitwaza ko ayo amafaranga ajyanye n’imodoka yahawe uwamusimbuye ku mwanya yavuyeho. Ibyo kuba yahindurirwa umwanya cyangwa urwego rw'akazi, bigendana no kuba ayo mafaranga ashobora guhinduka bitewe n’uko urwego umukozi yariho rwazamutse cyangwa rwamanuwe. Asoza avuga ko uruhare rwa Leta rukomeza kwishyurwa kugeza amasezerano arangiye. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Umukozi wese wa Leta agomba gukora ku mwanya w’umurimo yashyizwemo nyuma yo kuzuza ibisabwa kuri wo. Umuyobozi ubifitiye ububasha, kubera inyungu z’akazi, ashobora kwimurira umukozi ku wundi mwanya ariko agomba kuzirikana ko uwo mwanya mushya utagomba kuvutsa cyangwa se kubangamira uburenganzira bwose umukozi yari afite bushingiye ku ntera yari agezeho. 2. Mu gihe habayeho ukutubahiriza ibikubiye mu masezerano, uruhande rwarenganyijwe rufite uburenganzira bwo kubibonera indishyi zishyurwa n’urwishe amasezerano ariko rubanje kwerekana icyo rwatakarije muri uko kutaybahiriza. Bityo, Akarere ka Rusizi nk’uruhande rwishe amasezerano yo kugura imodoka afatanyije na Leta, kagombaga guha Habiyaremye Janvier indishyi zitandukanye zijyanye no kutishyura uruhare rwa Leta rwagombaga kumufasha kwishyura umwenda wa Banki yafashe kugira ngo agure iyo modoka ndetse n’amafaranga yo kumufasha kuyitaho. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 111. Itegeko N°86/2013 ryo kuwa 11/09/2013 rishyiraho Sitati Rusange Igenga Abakozi ba Leta, ingingo ya 33. Itegeko N° 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, ingingo ya 64, 137 n’ya 138. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Habiyaremye Janvier yakoze ikizami atsindira umwanya w’umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge; Kuwa 29/07/2016 yagiranye amasezerano na Leta y’u Rwanda ihagarariwe n’Akarere ka Rusizi, ayo masezerano akaba ari ayo gufatanya umutungo w’imodoka mu gihe cy’imyaka itanu, yemererwa kugura imodoka itarengeje amafaranga 8.000.000 FRW, ku nguzanyo muri banki ariko Leta ikagira uruhare mu kuyishyura no kwita kuri iyo modoka ruhwanye n’amafaranga 571.564Frw akubiyemo 300.000Frw yo kwishyura umwenda wa Bank na 271.564Frw yo kwita ku modoka (Lumpsum).

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[2] Kuwa 06/09/2019 Akarere ka Rusizi kamumenyesheje ko ahinduriwe inshingano yari asanganywe z’Umunyambanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge ahabwa inshingano nshya z’Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Iterambare n’Imibereho myiza mu Karere ahita anasabwa gukora ihererejanya bubasha. Akarere ka Rusizi kahise gahagarika uruhare rwako mu kwishyura inguzanyo n’uruhare rwo kwita kuri ya modoka Habiyaremye Janvier yari yarafashe, maze aho guhabwa amafaranga 571,564 Frw kamuha 69.577Frw ya indemnite yihariye y’urugendo agenerwa directeur wo ku rwego rw’akarere. [3] Habiyaremye Janvier yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko asaba ko Akarere ka Rusizi kategekwa kwishyura amafaranga kiyemeje mu gihe cy’imyaka ibiri yari isigaye nkuko bikubiye mu masezerano yavugaga ko inkunga itangwa na Leta idashobora guhinduka mu gihe cy’imyaka 5; Akarere ka Rusizi kavuga ko nta karengane Habiyaremye Janvier yakorewe kuko lumpsum yayigenerwaga ari umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’umurenge, ubu ikaba ihabwa uwamusimbuye bityo akaba atahabwa avanatages z’umurimo yavuyeho. [4] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rushingiye ku ngingo ya 11 y’Amabwiriza No 02/19.19 yo kuwa 05/06/2015 ya Minisitiri w’abakozi ba Leta n’umurimo ageyagenagana ibijyanye na indemunite y’urugendo igenerwa abakozi mu nzego z’imirimo ya Leta, yakurikizwaga igihe Habiyaremye Janvier yasinyaga amasezerano yo gufatanya umutungo w’imodoka1, rwemeje ko ikirego cya Habiyaremye Janvier gifite ishingiro, rutegeka Akarere ka Rusizi kumwishyura amafaranga katamuhaye yo kwishyura no kwita ku modoka angana na miliyoni cumi n’imwe n’ibihumbi magana atanu na mirongo ine na bitanu na magana arindwi n’ane (11.545.704Frw); indishyi z’akababaro zingana na miliyoni imwe (1.000.000 Frw); amafaranga ibihumbi magana atatu ( 300.000Frw) y’ukurikirarubanza n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana arindwi ( 700.000Frw) y’igihembo cy’avoka, akanasubizwa amafaranga ibihumbi makumyabiri (20.000Frw) yatanzeho ingwate arega. [5] Akarere ka Rusizi kajuririye uru Rukiko, ubujurire bwako bwandikwa kuri RADA 00010/2022/HC/RSZ, urubanza ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 07/06/2023, gahagarariwe n’Intumwa ya Leta Me Habumuremyi prosper naho Habiyaremye Janvier ahagarariwe na Me Mwizerwa Alexis. [6] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Akarere ka Rusizi gasaba ko urukiko rwajuririwe rwazabasuzumira niba hari inshingano gafite yo gukomeza guha umukozi lampsum igenewe umwanya w'umurimo atagikoraho, kuko ubu isigaye ihabwa uwamusimbuye; kasabye kandi ko hazanarebwa niba indishyi kaciwe zari zifite ishingiro mu gihe nta kosa rishingiye ku masezerano ryabayeho. Ku ruhande rwa Habiyaremye Janvier we asobanura ko ikibazo gihari ari ukumenya uko bigenda iyo umukozi wari ufitanye amasezerano na Leta yo gufatanya umutungo w'imodoka iyo ahinduriwe imirimo. Hakamenyekana niba ahita atakaza uburenganzira bujyana n'iyo modoka, ariko ko igisubizo kuri iki kibazo kiri mu masezerano akarere kirengagije. Ku bijyanye n’indishyi avuga ko amasezerano yo gufatanya umutungo w'imodoka yagiranye n'Akarere ka Rusizi ariyo yatumye ajya muri banki gusaba inguzanyo, nyuma yo kutubahirizwa ngo byatutangiye kumugora kwishyura kuburyo gucibwa indishyi ku ruhande rwayishe bifite ishingiro. Impande zombi kandi zasabye amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza, igihembo cya Avoka n’indishyi zinyuranye. 1 Directeur mu rwego rw’Akarere wagiranye na Leta amasezerano yo gufashwa kugura ikinyabiziga kandi ayo masezerano akaba agifite agaciro, buri kwezi agenerwa lumpsum igenwa n’amabwiriza y’umunyamabanga wa Leta, ushinzwe gutwara abantu n’ibintu, kugeza igihe amasezerano ye azarangirira

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[7] Urukiko, rushingiye kuri izo mpaka, rusanga hakwiye gusuzumwa ibibazo bikurikira: - Kumenya uko bigenda iyo umukozi wari ufitanye amasezerano na Leta yo gufatanya umutungo w'imodoka iyo ahinduriwe imirimo; - Kumenya niba indishyi zaciwe Akarere ka Rusizi nta shingiro zifite; - Kumenya niba amafaranga y’ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza asabwa n’impande zombi afite ishingiro. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1. Kumenya uko bigenda iyo umukozi wari ufitanye amasezerano na Leta yo gufatanya umutungo w'imodoka iyo ahinduriwe imirimo [8] Uhagarariye Akarere ka Rusizi ntiyemeranywa n'Urukiko rwategetse ko akarere kagomba guha Habiyaremye Janvier amafaranga yo kwishyura no kwita ku modoka angana na 11.545.704Frw kuko nta karengane ngo yakorewe. Lumpsum yayigenerwaga ari Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w'Umurenge, aho amariye guhindurirwa imirimo, lumpsum yagombaga guhabwa yahawe uwamusimbuye. Kuba rero yaravuye kuri uwo mwanya ntabwo yahabwa avantages zawo kuko umukozi ahabwa avantages z'umurimo agiyeho, yawuvaho zikajyana nawo. Intumwa ya Leta yasobanuye ko ukurikije ariya masezerano yo kuwa kuwa 29/07/2016 hagati ya Habiyaremye n'Akarere ka Rusizi, kuba yari ahinduriwe umwanya, yari guhitamo gukomeza gutunga iyo modoka cyangwa akayigurisha bitarenze amezi 6 ndetse yari afite inshingano mu gihe cy'amezi atatu yo kugaragaza niba yarahisemo kuyitunga cyangwa kuyigurisha, kugira ngo Akarere kamufashe gushaka inzobere yo kuyikorera igenagaciro. Ibyo bikaba bigaragara mu ngingo ya 9 y'amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye). [9] Uhagarariye Habiyaremye Janvier asobanura ko ikibazo cyibazwa n’Akarere ka Rusizi cy’uko byagenda mu gihe umukozi wari ufitanye amasezerano na Leta yo gufatanya umutungo w'imodoka ahinduriwe imirimo, cyahawe igisubizo muri ariya masezerano ubwayo mu ngingo ya 4 n'iya 5. Muri izo ngingo hateganyijwemo ko Leta igomba gutanga inkunga igenewe kwishyura inguzanyo ihwanye n'amafarnga 300.000Frw bingana na 100% y'inguzanyo yishyuzwa, kandi bikaba bidashobora guhinduka mu gihe cy'imyaka itanu. Uhagarariye Habiyaremye Janvier akaba asanga Akarere ka Rusizi katakwitwaza gusa ko ayo amafaranga yahawe uwamusimbuye ku mwanya yavuyeho, kuko byaba ari ukwirengagiza ko ibyo kuba yahindurirwa umwanya cyangwa urwego rw'akazi nabyo "amasezerano" yabiteganije mu ngingo yayo ya 9 ko amafaranga yo kwita ku modoka ashobora guhinduka bitewe n'uko urwego umukozi yariho rwazamutse cyangwa rwamanuwe; ibi bigashimangirwa n'Amabwiriza ya Minisitiri w'abakozi ba Leta n'umurimo No 02/19.19 yo kuwa 05/06/2015 agena ibijyanye na indemunité y'urugendo igenerwa abakozi mu nzego z'imirimo ya Leta. Mu ngingo yayo ya 11 ayo mabwiriza avuga ko uruhare rwa Leta rukomeza kwishyurwa kugeza igihe amasezerano ye azarangirira; mu gihe cyose adasheshwe mu nzira no mu buryo amategeko ateganya. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [10] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba Akarere ka Rusizi karagombaga gukomeza guha lumpsum n’amafaranga yo kwita ku modoka Habiyaremye Janvier mu gihe kari kamaze kumuhindurira inshingano kakamuvana ku mwanya w‘Umunyamabanga

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Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge kakamugira Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Iterambare n’Imibereho myiza mu Karere. [11] Iki gikorwa Akarere kakoze kirasanzwe kuko giteganywa n’ingingo ya 33 y’Itegeko N°86/2013 ryo kuwa 11/09/2013 rishyiraho Sitati Rusange Igenga Abakozi ba Leta ivuga ko Umukozi wa Leta agomba gukora ku mwanya w’umurimo yashyizweho. Icyakora, kubera inyungu z’akazi, umukozi wa Leta ashobora kwimurirwa ku mwanya w’umurimo yujurije ibisabwa kandi uhuje intera n’uwo yarasanzweho, mu rwego akorera cyangwa mu rundi rwego rwa Leta. Kwimurwa k’umukozi wa Leta byemezwa n’umuyobozi ubifitiye ububasha kubera inyungu z’akazi, kandi bikorwa mu buryo bw’inyandiko. Umukozi wa Leta wimuwe agumana uburenganzira ku ntera yari agezeho hashingiwe ku burambe n’imikorere afite mu kazi. Iyo kwimura umukozi bituma hari umwanya usigara nta mukozi uwurimo, uwo mwanya ushakirwa undi mukozi, hakurikijwe uburyo bwogushaka no gushyira mu myanya abakozi ba Leta buteganywa n’iri tegeko. [12] Iyi ngingo isobanuye ko Umukozi wese wa Leta aba agomba gukora ku mwanya w’umurimo yashyizwemo nyuma yo kuzuza ibisabwa kuriwo. Mu gihe rero urwego cyangwa se umuyobozi ubifitiye ububasha asanze kubera inyungu z’akazi umukozi agomba kwimurirwa ku wundi mwanya, icyo gihe agomba kuzirikana ko umukozi azagumana uburenganzira bwose yari afiye akomora ku burambe n’imikorere afite mu kazi yavanye ku mwanya yakoragamo. [13] Ibi bisobanuye ko niba Habiyaremye Janvier yarakoze ikizamini cy’akazi agatsindira umwanya w’Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Akarere, kubw’itegeko nta wundi mwanya yemerewe gukoramo utandukanye n’uwo ndetse akanagenerwa uburenganzira buteganywa n’itegeko bushamikiye ku mwanya akoramo. Mu gihe ariko mu nyungu z’Akazi Umuyobozi ubifitiye ububasha asanze agomba kumwimurira ku wundi mwanya, aha niho itegeko rimwibutsa ko agomba no kuzurikana ko uwo mwanya mushya utagomba kuvutsa cyangwa se kubangamira uburenganzira bwose umukozi yari afite bushingiye ku ntera yari agezeho. [14] Dosiye igaragaza ko Habiyaremye Janvier yashyizwe mu mwanya w’akazi k’Ubunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa bw’Umurenge, ndetse kubw’itegeko n’amabwiriza atandukanye arimo Itegeko N°86/2013 ryo kuwa 11/09/2013 rishyiraho Sitati Rusange Igenga Abakozi ba Leta, Amabwiriza ya Minisitiri w'abakozi ba Leta n'umurimo No 02/19.19 yo kuwa 05/06/2015 agena ibijyanye na indemunité y'urugendo igenerwa abakozi mu nzego z'imirimo ya Leta, aza kugirana na Leta y’u Rwanda ihagarariwe n’Akarere ka Rusizi amasezerano yo gufatanya umutungo w’imodoka mu gihe cy’imyaka itanu, Leta ikagira uruhare mu kwishyura no kwita kuri iyo modoka ruhwanye n’amafaranga 571.564Frw akubiyemo 300.000Frw yo kwishyura umwenda wa Bank na 271.564Frw yo kwita ku modoka (Lumpsum). Ibi bikaba bigomba kubahirizwa n’impande zombi nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 64 y’itegeko N° 45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano ivuga ko amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye. Ashobora guseswa ari uko babyumvikanyeho cyangwa ku mpamvu zemewe n'amategeko. Agomba kubahirizwa nta buriganya. [15] Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko Habiyaremye Janvier yaje kwimurirwa ku wundi mwanya wo kuba Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Iterambare n’Imibereho myiza mu Karere ka Rusizi ariko ahita ahagarikirwa rwa uruhare rwa Leta mu kwishyura no kwita kuri ya modoka yahawe mu rwego rw’umurimo yakoragaho. Ibyo bikaba binyuranye n’ibyasobanuwe haruguru mu gika [11] n’icya [12], kubera ko Akarere kagombaga kubanza kureba niba umwanya mushya gashaka kwimuriramo umukozi utaza gutuma hari uburenganzira atakaza yahabwaga ku mwanya

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w’umurimo gashaka kumuvanamo muri bwo hakaba harimo n’ubukomoka ku masezerano bari barasinyanye yagombaga kumara imyaka itanu. [16] Kubera izo mpamvu zose zimaze gusobanurwa haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga mu gihe cyose ariya masezerano yari agifite agaciro nta mpamvu n’imwe, harimo no guhindurirwa inshingano, yashoboraga gutuma Akarere ka Rusizi katayashyira mu bikorwa, kuko amasezerano ubwayo nta kibazo na kimwe afite ndetse n’impande zombi zikaba ziyumvikanaho. Ahubwo ikibazo zitashoboye kurebaho akaba ari ingaruka ziteganywa n’itegeko ku cyemezo cy’Akarere cyo kwimurira umukozi mu mwanya mushya byasobanuwe haruguru hatitawe ku bundi burenganzira umukozi yari asanganywe ku mwanya w’umurimo yimuweho. [17] Urukiko Rukuru rurasanga ibyemejwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa bifite ishingiro, Habiyaremye Janvier agomba kwishyura lampsum n’amafaranga yo kwita ku modoka yari asigaye kugira ngo imyaka itanu ivugwa mu masezerano irangire bibazwe mu buryo bukurikira: - Amasezerano yakozwe kuwa 29/07/2016 ariko kuwa 06/09/2019, Akarere ka Rusizi karayahagarika, bivuze ko hari hasigaye amezi 23 ngo ayo masezerano arangire, ahwanye n’amafaranga 571.564 Frw x 23 = 13.145.972Frw; - Ariko kuba ubwo Habiyaremye Janvier yari ahinduriwe inshingano akajya ku mwanya wa Directeur ku Akarere yemera ko yahawe indamunite yihariye y’urugendo ingana na 69.577Frw buri kwezi ihwanye n’mafaranga 69.577Frw x 23 = 1.600.271Frw, akaba agomba gusubizwa ikinyiranyo gihwanye n’amafaranga 13.145.972Frw -.600.271Frw = 11.545.704Frw. 2. Kumenya niba indishyi zaciwe Akarere ka Rusizi nta shingiro zifite [18] Uhagarariye akarere ka Rusizi anenga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwategetse rwabategetse guha Habiyaremye Janvier indishyi z'akababaro zingana n’amafaranga 1.000.000Frw; 300.000Frw y'ikurikirarubanza no gusubiza amafaranga ibihumbi magana arindwi 700.000Frw y'igihembo cy'avoka. Akarere ka Rusizi kakaba gasanga izo ndishyi nta shingiro zifite zigomba gukurwaho mu bujurire, kuko nta kosa kakoze, ahubwo kubahirije ibyo amategeko n'amabwiriza biteganya. Kuri iyi ngingo uhagarariye Habiyaremye Janvier asanga amasezerano yo gufatanya umutungo w'imodoka yo kuwa 29/07/2016 yagiranye n'akarere ka Rusizi ariyo yatumye ajya muri banki gusaba inguzanyo; iyo nguzanyo ikaba yaratangiye kumugora kwishyura nk'uko bigaragazwa n'imwe mu mabaruwa banki yamwandikiraga nyuma y'uko Akarere gahagaritse amafaranga yari yemerewe; bityo kuba karaciwe indishyi bikaba bifite ishingiro, ahubwo ko hakagombye kongerwaho inyungu za 2% z’amafaranga yose atishyuriwe igihe kuko na banki yayamucaga kubera ubukererwe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [19] Impaka kuri iki kibazo zishingiye ku kumenya niba nta kosa Akarere ka Rusizi kakoze mu kubahiriza amasezerano kuburyo byakaviramo kwishyura indishyi. [20] Ingingo ya 137 y’Itegeko N°45/2011 ryo kuwa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano ivuga ko Uruhande rwarenganyijwe rufite uburenganzira bwo kubona indishyi zitanzwe n’urundi ruhande rutubahirije ibisabwa mu masezerano, keretse iyo ikirego kigamije kubona indishyi cyahagaritswe cyangwa cyaravuyeho; naho iya 138 ikavuga ko Uruhande rurengana rufite

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uburenganzira ku ndishyi zishingiye ku nyungu rwateganyaga zibarwa hakurikijwe: 1° itakazagaciro ku ruhande rwarenganyijwe rishingiye ku byo urundi ruhande rwiyemeje bitewe n uko byabuze cyangwa se bidahagije; 2° ikindi gihombo cyose gitewe no kutubahiriza ‟ amasezerano, n’ikindi gihombo cyose cyashamikiraho. [21] Izi ngingo zishatse gusobanura ko mu gihe habayeho ukutubahiriza ibikubiye mu masezerano, uruhande rwarenganyijwe ruba rufite uburenganzira bwo kubibonera indishyi kandi zikishyurwa n’urwishe amasezerano. Usaba indishyi ariko nawe asabwa kwerekana icyo yatakarije muri uko kutubahiriza amasezerano nk’itakazagaciro rishingiye ku byo urundi ruhande rwiyemeje bitewe n uko byabuze cyangwa se ikindi gihombo cyose gitewe no ‟ kutubahiriza amasezerano, n’ikindi gihombo cyose cyashamikiraho. [22] Mu kibazo cyasuzumwe bwa ?? haruguru, hagaragajwe ko habayeho ukutubahiriza amasezerano ku ruhande rw’Akarere ka Rusizi, ntikishyura uruhare rwa Leta rwagombaga gufasha Habiyaremye Janvier kwishyura umwenda wa Banki yafashe kugira ngo agure imodoka yari afatanyije na Leta, ndetse n’amafaranga yo kumufasha kwita kuri iyo modoka. [23] Iryo ni ikosa ryatumye Habiyaremye Janvier akoresha ubundi buryo atari yarateganyije kugira ngo yishyure umwenda wa banki wari usigaye, nk’uko yabigaragaje intu cya mbere cyahungabanye akaba ari umushahara we yatanze uatarabashije kumuhaza we n’umuryango we no kwishyura banki kugeza aho yihanangirizwa kubera uwo mwenda. [24] Niba rero itegeko rihanisha indishyi uruhande rwishe amasezerano, kandi Habiyaremye Janvier warenganyijwe akaba yarabashije kwerekana igihombo yatewe n’ikosa ry’Akarere ka Rusizi, Urukiko rurasanga indishyi zatanzwe muri uru rubanza ku rwego rwa mbere zifite ishingiro, bityo zikaba zigumishijweho. Urukiko ariko rurasanga ibivugwa Habiyaremye Janvier ko yahabwa n’inyungu za 2% z’amafaranga atishyuriwe igihe nta shingiro bifite kubera ko atabasha kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’uko yayaciwe na banki nk’uko bivuga. 3. Kumenya niba amafaranga y’ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza asabwa n’impande zombi afite ishingiro [25] uhagarariye Habiyaremye Janvier yasabye ko yahabwa 500.000 y'igihembo cy'avocat mu bujurire mu gihe akarere ka Rusizi gasanga iki gihembo kitatangwa kuko gasanga ubujurire katanzebufite ishingiro, ariko nyuma yo gusesengura ingingo z’ubujurire katanze Urukiko rukaba rwarasanze nta shingiro zifite. [26] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ivuga ko ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ari ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kikaba kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Urukiko rurasanga indishyi zisabwa na Habiyaremye Janvier zifite ishingiro, bityo hakurikijwe imirimo yakozwe muri uru rubanza aho ababuranyi bitabye Urukiko inshuro zitarenze eshatu gusa, Akarere ka Rusizi kakaba gategetswe kumwishyura amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza ku rwego rw’ubujurire angana na 350.000Frw angana na ½ cy’igihembo yari yagenewe ku rwego rwa mbere. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

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[27] Rwemeje ko ikirego cy’ubujurire cy’Akarere ka Rusizi nta shingiro gifite. [28] Rwemeje ko nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza RAD 00007/2021/TGI/RSZ rwaciwe kuwa 21/09/2022 n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rusizi. [29] Rwemeje ko Akarere ka Rusizi kahagaritse amafaranga yahabwaga Habiyarenye Janvier yo kwishyura no kwita ku modoka mu buryo bunyuranije n’amategeko. [30] Rutegetse Akarere ka Rusizi guha Habiyaremye Janvier amafaranga katamuhaye yo kwishyura no kwita ku modoka angana na miliyoni cumi n’imwe n’ibihumbi magana ata30nu na mirongo ine na bitanu na magana arindwi n’ane (11.545.704Frw); Indishyi z’akababaro zingana na miliyoni imwe (1.000.000Frw); Amafaranga ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000Frw) y’ikurikirarubanza, n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana arindwi (700.000Frw) y’igihembo cy’avoka, igiteranyo cyose kikaba miliyoni cumi n’eshatu n’ibihumbi magana atanu na mirongo ine na bitanu na Magana arindwi n’ane (13.545.704Frw). [31] Rutegetse ko Akarere ka Rusizi gasubiza Habiyaremye Janvier amafaranga ibihumbi makumyabiri (20.000 Frw) yatanzeho ingwate arega ku rwego rwa mbere. [32] Rutegetse ko Akarere ka Rusizi kwishyura Habiyaremye Janvier amafaranga ibihumbi magana atatu na mirongo itanu (350.000Frw) y’igihembo cy’avoka yishyuye ku rwego rw’ubujurire.